JPS58190966A - Electrophotographic copying machine - Google Patents

Electrophotographic copying machine

Info

Publication number
JPS58190966A
JPS58190966A JP57073969A JP7396982A JPS58190966A JP S58190966 A JPS58190966 A JP S58190966A JP 57073969 A JP57073969 A JP 57073969A JP 7396982 A JP7396982 A JP 7396982A JP S58190966 A JPS58190966 A JP S58190966A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
toner
density
image
latent image
concentration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP57073969A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kenjiyu Oka
岡 建樹
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Minolta Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Minolta Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Minolta Co Ltd filed Critical Minolta Co Ltd
Priority to JP57073969A priority Critical patent/JPS58190966A/en
Publication of JPS58190966A publication Critical patent/JPS58190966A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03GELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/06Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
    • G03G15/08Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
    • G03G15/0822Arrangements for preparing, mixing, supplying or dispensing developer
    • G03G15/0848Arrangements for testing or measuring developer properties or quality, e.g. charge, size, flowability
    • G03G15/0849Detection or control means for the developer concentration
    • G03G15/0855Detection or control means for the developer concentration the concentration being measured by optical means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03GELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/50Machine control of apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern, e.g. regulating differents parts of the machine, multimode copiers, microprocessor control
    • G03G15/5033Machine control of apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern, e.g. regulating differents parts of the machine, multimode copiers, microprocessor control by measuring the photoconductor characteristics, e.g. temperature, or the characteristics of an image on the photoconductor
    • G03G15/5041Detecting a toner image, e.g. density, toner coverage, using a test patch

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Exposure Or Original Feeding In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Control Or Security For Electrophotography (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To form a toner attached region for measurement on the surface of a photosensitive drum without receiving the fluctuation of the luminous intensity of an exposure lamp, by having a high degree of concentration for a reference chart which is set beside an original setting surface for formation of a toner image concentration measuring region. CONSTITUTION:The volume of the light of a lamp 22 which is reflected by a reference chart 16 of high concentration is always small with no effect of the lamp light volume. Therefore, the toner image concentration produced at the image projecting region of the chart 16 on the surface of a photosensitive drum depends totally on the toner concentration of a developer. In this connection, the toner concentration is detected by a sensor 31 to control a toner supplying device 8. Thus it is possible to keep an optimum level of toner concentration. Under such optimum conditions, the concentration has a big displacement to show a fault of bias value if the development bias is not proper by simply setting the toner image of the chart 16 at the intermediate concentration.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 技術分野 本発明は電子写真複写機、特に現像装置内に収容されて
いる現像剤に対するトナー補給の制御が自動的に行われ
る電子写真複写機に関するものである。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an electrophotographic copying machine, and more particularly to an electrophotographic copying machine in which toner supply to a developer contained in a developing device is automatically controlled.

従来技術 一般に、トナーを含む現像剤を用いて感光体の表面に形
成された静電潜像を現像する様にした電子写真複写機に
おいては、静電潜像の現像に伴って現像装置内に収容さ
れている現像剤中に含まれているトナーが消費されるの
で一複写画像の濃度を常時一定に保つためには、前記現
像剤に対して消費量に見合った新たなトナーが補給され
なければならない。
BACKGROUND ART In general, in an electrophotographic copying machine that uses a developer containing toner to develop an electrostatic latent image formed on the surface of a photoreceptor, there is a Since the toner contained in the stored developer is consumed, in order to keep the density of a copied image constant at all times, the developer must be replenished with new toner in an amount commensurate with the consumed amount. Must be.

そのため−従来では一現像剤中のトナー濃度と現像濃度
(感光体へのトナー付着量)とが一定の比例関係にある
ことに着目して、原稿載置面の近傍に一一定の画像濃度
を有する基準チャートを設け、複写の前工程として、こ
の基準チャートによってトナー補給制御用の静電潜像(
基準潜像)を感光体の表面に形成して現像し、その現像
濃度を光学的に検出し、検出値に応じて現像剤に対する
トナー補給量を制御するものが知られている。具体的に
は、現像剤中のトナー濃度が所定の設定値にある場合の
基準潜像の現像濃度と、トナー補給制御のために検出さ
れた基準潜像の現像濃度とを比較し、後者の方が高けれ
ばトナー補給を止めるか補給量を減少せしめ、低ければ
トナー補給の再開あるいは補給量を増大する。
Therefore, in the past, focusing on the fact that there is a certain proportional relationship between the toner concentration in one developer and the development density (the amount of toner adhering to the photoconductor), a certain image density was set near the document placement surface. A reference chart with a
It is known to form a reference latent image on the surface of a photoreceptor, develop it, optically detect the developed density, and control the amount of toner supplied to the developer in accordance with the detected value. Specifically, the developed density of the reference latent image when the toner density in the developer is at a predetermined setting value is compared with the developed density of the reference latent image detected for toner replenishment control, and the latter is determined. If the value is higher, toner replenishment is stopped or the replenishment amount is decreased, and if it is lower, toner replenishment is restarted or the replenishment amount is increased.

ところで、この様なトナー補給の制御に使用される基準
チャートとしては、高画像濃度のものと中程度の画像濃
度のものとがあり−いずれも相反する利点と欠点とを有
している。
By the way, as reference charts used for controlling such toner replenishment, there are two types: one for high image density and one for medium image density, each of which has contradictory advantages and disadvantages.

即ち、現像濃度の検出精度の点でいえば、基準チャート
が高画像濃度であると検出精度が悪く。
That is, in terms of development density detection accuracy, if the reference chart has a high image density, the detection accuracy is poor.

中程度の画像濃度であると精度が良い。第1図は現像剤
中のトナー濃度に対する高画像濃度及び中程度の画像濃
度を有する基準チャートによって各々形成された基準潜
像を現像したときの現像濃度の変化を示す。図中、実線
(a)は反射濃度が1.92の高画像濃度を有する基準
チャートによって形成された基準潜像の現像濃度変化を
示し、これでは現像剤中のトナー濃度が設定値であるl
 Q wL%付近における現像濃度の変化量は小さく、
検出精度が悪い。これに対して1点線の)は反射濃度が
0060といった中程度の画像濃度を有する基準チャー
トによって形成された基準潜像の現像濃度変化を示し、
トナー濃度がl Q wt%付近における現像濃度の変
化量は大きく、検出精度が良い。
Accuracy is good when the image density is medium. FIG. 1 shows changes in developed density when reference latent images formed by reference charts having high image density and medium image density are developed, respectively, relative to the toner density in the developer. In the figure, the solid line (a) indicates the development density change of a reference latent image formed by a reference chart having a high image density with a reflection density of 1.92, and in this case, the toner density in the developer is at the set value l.
Q: The amount of change in developer density near wL% is small;
Detection accuracy is poor. On the other hand, the one-dot line ) indicates the development density change of a reference latent image formed by a reference chart having a medium image density such as a reflection density of 0060.
The amount of change in the developer density is large when the toner density is around lQwt%, and the detection accuracy is good.

なお、第1図のグラフを得るための実験は、現像剤とし
て、平均粒径37μm 、抵抗値1014nt−Inで
樹脂中に磁性微粉末を分散してなる磁性キャリアと、平
均粒径14μmの絶縁性トナーとの混合物からなる2成
分系磁性現像剤を用いた。また。
The experiment to obtain the graph in Figure 1 was conducted using a magnetic carrier made of magnetic fine powder dispersed in a resin with an average particle size of 37 μm and a resistance value of 1014 nt-In as a developer, and an insulator with an average particle size of 14 μm. A two-component magnetic developer consisting of a mixture with a magnetic toner was used. Also.

現像濃度の値は、現像後の感光体表面に粘着性透明シー
トを貼付けて付着トナーを剥し、この様にトナーが転写
されたシートの透過濃度の測定値であり、以下現像濃度
の値は便宜上この透過濃度の測定値で表わす。
The developed density value is the measured value of the transmitted density of the sheet to which the toner has been transferred by attaching an adhesive transparent sheet to the surface of the photoreceptor after development and peeling off the adhered toner. It is expressed as the measured value of this transmission density.

一方、光学系による光像の露光光量の変化に対していえ
ば、前記基準潜像の電位は基準チャートが高画像濃度で
あると、前記露光光量の変化に拘わらず一定であるので
あるが、中程度の画像濃度であると前記露光光量の変化
に依存して大幅に変動し、トナー濃度の検出に関して不
都合を生ずることとなる。第2図は種々の露光光量の下
における基準チャートの画像濃度に対する基準潜像の現
像濃度の変化を示し、この実験においても前記第1図の
場合と同様の現像剤を使用した。図中、実線fd)は適
正露光光量の下における現像濃度の変化。
On the other hand, regarding changes in the exposure light amount of the optical image due to the optical system, the potential of the reference latent image is constant regardless of the change in the exposure light amount when the reference chart has a high image density; If the image density is at a certain level, it will fluctuate significantly depending on the change in the amount of exposure light, which will cause problems in detecting the toner density. FIG. 2 shows changes in the developed density of the reference latent image with respect to the image density of the reference chart under various exposure light amounts, and the same developer as in the case of FIG. 1 was used in this experiment as well. In the figure, the solid line fd) represents the change in development density under the appropriate exposure light amount.

一点鎖線FC)は最小露光光量の下における現像濃度の
変化、二点鎖線(e)は最大露光光量の下における現像
濃度の変化を示す。このグラフから明らかなように一基
準チヤードの画像濃度が1.0以上であれば基準潜像の
現像濃度は露光光量の変化に拘わらず実質的に変化しな
い。これに対して、基暴チャートの画像濃度が0.6と
いった中程度であると、その現像濃度は露光光量の変化
に応じて約0.55〜1.30の間で変化する。従って
、露光光量によってばらつきのある現像濃度を検出して
しまうことになり、現像剤中のトナー濃度を正しく読取
ったことにはならず、結果的にトナー補給量の制御が不
正確なものとなる。このため、トナー濃度の検出精度を
向上させる目的で中程度の画像濃度の基準チャートを用
いようとする場合、前記露光光量は常時一定にしておか
ざるを得ない。ところ9玉。
The one-dot chain line FC) shows the change in the developed density under the minimum amount of exposure light, and the two-dot chain line (e) shows the change in the developed density under the maximum amount of exposure light. As is clear from this graph, if the image density of one reference chart is 1.0 or more, the developed density of the reference latent image does not substantially change regardless of the change in the amount of exposure light. On the other hand, when the image density of the basic exposure chart is medium, such as 0.6, the developed density changes between about 0.55 and 1.30 depending on the change in the exposure light amount. Therefore, the developed density will be detected with variations depending on the amount of exposure light, and the toner density in the developer will not be read correctly, resulting in inaccurate control of the amount of toner replenishment. . Therefore, when using a reference chart with a medium image density for the purpose of improving toner density detection accuracy, the amount of exposure light must be kept constant at all times. There are 9 balls.

前記露光光量の調整は、非画像部(背景部)の濃度の高
い原稿を複写する際に複写画像の非画像部にトナーのか
ぶりが生じるのを防止するために必要であり+ if記
露光光量を常時一定にした場合。
Adjustment of the exposure light amount is necessary in order to prevent toner fog from occurring in the non-image areas of the copied image when copying an original with a high density non-image area (background area). When is kept constant.

この様なカブリ防止に関して不具合を生ずることとなる
Problems will arise regarding such fog prevention.

±善 本発明の目的は、前記の如き相反する利点と欠点のうち
、欠点を解消して利点のみを取入れ、現像剤中のトナー
濃度を常時一定に維持することのできる−JJI]ち現
像剤中のトナー濃度の検出精度が高く、かつ露光光量の
変化の影響を受けないでトナー補給量を正確に制御でき
る電子写真複写機を提供することにある。
An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned contradictory advantages and disadvantages and incorporate only the advantages, and to maintain the toner concentration in the developer constant at all times. An object of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic copying machine that has high accuracy in detecting toner concentration and can accurately control the amount of toner replenishment without being affected by changes in the amount of exposure light.

要旨 以上の目的を達成するため1本発明に係る電子写真複写
機は、基準チャートが高画像濃度を有しており、かつ現
像装置内に収容されている現像剤中のトナー濃度が設定
値にある場合において、基準潜像の現像濃度が中程度の
画像濃度となる様に、基準潜像を現像する際に現像電極
に対して印加される現像バイアスの電圧値と、基準潜像
が形成される感光体の表面が帯電装置によって帯電され
る帯電電位との少なくともいずれがか調整されているも
のである。このため、基準チャートが高画像濃度を有す
るが故に、トナー濃度検出に関して露光光量の変化の影
響を受けることがなく−がっ基準潜像の現像濃度が中程
度の画像濃度とされるが故に、その検出精度が高められ
ているのである。
In order to achieve the above objects, the electrophotographic copying machine according to the present invention has a reference chart having a high image density, and a toner density in a developer housed in a developing device reaches a set value. In some cases, the voltage value of the developing bias applied to the development electrode when developing the reference latent image and the value of the voltage of the development bias applied to the development electrode when developing the reference latent image are adjusted so that the developed density of the reference latent image becomes a medium image density. At least one of the charging potentials of the surface of the photoreceptor charged by the charging device is adjusted. Therefore, since the reference chart has a high image density, toner density detection is not affected by changes in the amount of exposure light. The detection accuracy has been improved.

実唯例 第3図、第4図は本発明に係る電子写真複写機の第1実
施例を示し、感光体ドラム(1)は表面にCd5−nC
dCO3樹脂感光体を塗布したもので1図中反時計回り
方向に回転駆動可能である。そして。
ACTUAL EXAMPLE FIGS. 3 and 4 show a first embodiment of an electrophotographic copying machine according to the present invention, in which a photosensitive drum (1) is coated with Cd5-nC on its surface.
It is coated with a dCO3 resin photoreceptor and can be rotated counterclockwise in FIG. and.

このドラム(1)の周囲には、帯電チャージャ(2)、
現像装置(3)、転写チャージャ(10)、複写紙分離
チャージャ(11) 、残留トナのクリーニング装置(
12)。
Around this drum (1), there is a charger (2),
Developing device (3), transfer charger (10), copy paper separation charger (11), residual toner cleaning device (
12).

残留電荷のイレースランプ(13)が設置されている。A residual charge erase lamp (13) is installed.

光学系(20)は、光量調整回路(21)を備えた露光
ランプ(22) 、反射鏡(2B)、投影レンズ(24
)、反射鏡(25)からなり、複写時に図中右方に移動
可能な原稿載置ガラス(15)上に載置された原稿(1
7)の画像に対応する光像を、ガラス(15)の右方へ
の移動に伴って感光体ドラム(1)の表面にスリット状
に連続して投影し、静電潜像を形成する。光量調整回路
(21)は光学系(2o)によって感光体ドラム(1)
の表面に投影される光像の露光光量を調整するだめのも
ので1図示しない操作パネルに設けられた光量調整スイ
ッチによってランプ(22)の光量を変化せしめて前記
露光光量を調整する。
The optical system (20) includes an exposure lamp (22) equipped with a light amount adjustment circuit (21), a reflecting mirror (2B), and a projection lens (24).
), a reflecting mirror (25), and an original (1) placed on the original placing glass (15) which can be moved to the right in the figure during copying
An optical image corresponding to the image 7) is continuously projected in a slit shape onto the surface of the photoreceptor drum (1) as the glass (15) moves to the right to form an electrostatic latent image. The light amount adjustment circuit (21) uses the optical system (2o) to control the photoreceptor drum (1).
The light amount of the lamp (22) is adjusted by changing the light amount of the lamp (22) using a light amount adjustment switch provided on an operation panel (not shown).

基準チャー)(16)は高画像濃度を有し、原稿載ち に位置する原稿台の裏面に設置され、基準チャー)(1
6)に対応する光像は原稿(17)の画像に対応する光
像の投影に先立ち、感光体ドラムfl)の表面に投影さ
れる。そしてその結果、感光体ドラムfl)の表面にト
ナー補給制御用の基準潜像が形成され。
The reference chart) (16) has a high image density and is installed on the back side of the document table located on the original plate.
The optical image corresponding to 6) is projected onto the surface of the photoreceptor drum fl) prior to the projection of the optical image corresponding to the image of the original (17). As a result, a reference latent image for toner supply control is formed on the surface of the photoreceptor drum fl).

その基準潜像は現像装置(3)にて現像される。なお、
基準チャート(16)は15X15mの正方形をしてお
り、原稿台の白地裏面に貼着されているものである。
The reference latent image is developed by a developing device (3). In addition,
The reference chart (16) has a square shape of 15 x 15 m, and is pasted on the white back side of the document table.

現像装置(3)は磁気ローラ(5)を内蔵した現像スリ
ーブ(4)を備えた磁気刷子式のもので、現像スIJ−
ブ(4)は反時計回り方向に低速で、磁気ローラ(5)
は反時計回り方向に高速で、それぞれ回転駆動され、現
像剤は専ら磁気ローラ(5)の回転に基づいて現像スリ
ーブ(4)の表面を時計回り方向に搬送され、感光体ド
ラム(1)の表面に形成された静電潜像を摺擦して現像
する。また、現像スリーブ(4)は現像電極として機能
し、現像バイアス制御回路(6)を介して所定電圧値の
現像バイアスが印加される。この制御回路(6)は原稿
画像に対応する静電潜像を現像する際の印加電圧値と、
前記基準チャート(16)によって形成される基準潜像
を現像する際の印加電圧値とをm=段階に自動的に切換
える。基準潜像を現像する際の現像バイアスの電圧値は
、現像装置(3)内に収容されている現像剤中のトナー
濃度が設定値(本実柿例では10W【%のトナー濃度)
にある場合において、基準潜像の現像濃度が中程度の画
像濃度となる様に調整されており、具体的な値について
は帯電電位等の具体的な値と共に後に詳述する。
The developing device (3) is a magnetic brush type equipped with a developing sleeve (4) containing a magnetic roller (5).
The magnetic roller (5) rotates counterclockwise at low speed.
are each rotated counterclockwise at high speed, and the developer is conveyed clockwise along the surface of the developing sleeve (4) solely based on the rotation of the magnetic roller (5), and the developer is transported around the surface of the photoreceptor drum (1). The electrostatic latent image formed on the surface is rubbed and developed. Further, the developing sleeve (4) functions as a developing electrode, and a developing bias of a predetermined voltage value is applied to the developing sleeve (4) via a developing bias control circuit (6). This control circuit (6) controls the applied voltage value when developing the electrostatic latent image corresponding to the original image;
The applied voltage value when developing the reference latent image formed by the reference chart (16) is automatically switched in m=steps. The voltage value of the developing bias when developing the reference latent image is determined by the toner concentration in the developer stored in the developing device (3) being the set value (10W [% toner concentration in this example)]
In this case, the developed density of the reference latent image is adjusted to be a medium image density, and specific values will be described in detail later along with specific values such as charging potential.

一方一 トナーはトナー補給装置(7)内に収容され。On the other hand, one toner is stored in a toner replenishing device (7).

その底部開口に設けた周面に切欠きを有するトナー補給
ローラ(8)の回転に基づいて現像装置(3)内に補給
され、補給されたトナーはパケットローラ(9)の時計
回り方向の回転にて予め収容されている現像剤と攪拌混
合され、前記現像スリーブ(4)の局面に供給される。
The developing device (3) is replenished based on the rotation of the toner replenishing roller (8), which has a notch in the circumferential surface provided at the bottom opening, and the replenished toner is transferred by rotation of the packet roller (9) in the clockwise direction. The developer is stirred and mixed with the developer stored in advance in the developer sleeve (4), and then supplied to the surface of the developer sleeve (4).

この補給量の制御は、現像装置(3)内に収容されてい
る現像剤中のトナー濃度を常時設定値に維持するために
なされるもので、現像剤中のトナー濃度をiJ記基準潜
像の現像濃度として間接的に検出し、この検出値と現像
剤中のトナー濃度が設定値にある場合の基準潜像の基準
値とを比較することにより行う。そのため、感光体ドラ
ム(1)の周囲であって前記クリーニング装置(12)
の直前に発光素子(30)と受光素子(31)とが設置
され一現像された前記基準潜像が通過するタイミングを
とってその現像濃度を光学的に検出する。受光素子(3
1)の検出出力は濃度検出回路(82)[入力され。
This replenishment amount control is performed in order to always maintain the toner concentration in the developer contained in the developing device (3) at a set value. This is done by indirectly detecting the developed density as the developed density, and comparing this detected value with the reference value of the reference latent image when the toner density in the developer is at the set value. Therefore, the cleaning device (12) is located around the photoreceptor drum (1).
A light-emitting element (30) and a light-receiving element (31) are installed immediately before the reference latent image, and the developed density is optically detected at the timing when the developed reference latent image passes. Light receiving element (3
The detection output of 1) is input to the concentration detection circuit (82).

トナー補給制御回路(33)を介してトナー補給ローラ
(8)の回転をオン、オフ制御する。即ち、検出値が基
準値よりも低ければトナー補給ローラ(8)を回転駆動
してトナーを補給し、高ければローラ(8)の回転を停
止してトナーの補給を停止する。
The rotation of the toner replenishment roller (8) is controlled on and off via the toner replenishment control circuit (33). That is, if the detected value is lower than the reference value, the toner replenishing roller (8) is rotated to replenish toner, and if it is higher, the rotation of the roller (8) is stopped to stop toner replenishment.

なお、本実施例においては、−回の画像複写が行われる
ごとに、その前工程として、原稿画像の露光の直l1T
Vc基準チャート(16)によって基準潜像が形成され
、前述のトナー補給の制御が行われる。
In this embodiment, each time image copying is performed, the exposure of the original image is changed 1T as a pre-process.
A reference latent image is formed by the Vc reference chart (16), and the aforementioned toner supply control is performed.

次に1本実椎例における具体的な使用条件、数値につい
て説明する。
Next, the specific usage conditions and numerical values for one actual vertebra will be explained.

現像剤: 平均粒径37μm、抵抗値100mの磁性キ
ャリア(樹脂中に磁性微粉 末を分散してなる)と、平均粒径14 μmの絶縁性トナーとの混合物 トナー濃度の設定値:  19wt% 基準チャートの画像濃度:1.92の黒色感光体ド−7
ムの周速度:  180m+/ Sec現像スリーブ:
 直径31日 回転数aorpm 磁気ローラ:  極数8極 磁束密度1000 Gauss 回転数1100 rPm パケットローラ:回転数25rPm 帯電電位(Vo)ニー600V 現像バイアス: 原稿ifi像潜像現像時(Vbl)−800V基準潜像
現像時(vb2)   −450V因に1以上の条件に
おいて、トナー濃度が設定値であるlQwt%の場合−
基準潜像の現像濃度は0.95である。この現像濃度は
現像バイアスの電圧値(Vb2)によって大きく変化す
るものであり、トナー濃度の検出精度に関して大きな影
響を及ぼすものである。従って、現像バイアスの電圧値
(vb2)、換言すれば、帯電電位(Vo)との電位差
(Δ”” l Vo−Vb21 )は慎重に選択する必
要がある。なお、前記帯電電位(Vo)は基準潜像の表
面電位に相当するものである。
Developer: A mixture of a magnetic carrier (made by dispersing magnetic fine powder in a resin) with an average particle size of 37 μm and a resistance value of 100 m and an insulating toner with an average particle size of 14 μm Toner concentration setting value: 19 wt% Standard Chart image density: 1.92 black photoreceptor do-7
Circumferential speed: 180m+/Sec Developing sleeve:
Diameter: 31 days Rotation speed aorpm Magnetic roller: 8 poles Magnetic flux density 1000 Gauss Rotation speed 1100 rPm Packet roller: Rotation speed 25 rPm Charging potential (Vo) Knee 600V Developing bias: Document ifi image latent image development (Vbl) -800V standard When developing a latent image (vb2) -450V, under conditions of 1 or more, when the toner density is the set value lQwt% -
The developed density of the reference latent image is 0.95. This developed density varies greatly depending on the voltage value (Vb2) of the developing bias, and has a large effect on the detection accuracy of toner density. Therefore, the voltage value (vb2) of the developing bias, in other words, the potential difference (Δ''''lVo-Vb21) with the charging potential (Vo) needs to be carefully selected. Note that the charging potential (Vo) corresponds to the surface potential of the reference latent image.

第5図は種々の現像バイアス電位値の下におけるトナー
濃度に対する前記基準チャート(16)によって形成さ
れる基準潜像の現像濃度の変化を示す。
FIG. 5 shows changes in the developed density of the reference latent image formed by the reference chart (16) with respect to toner density under various developing bias potential values.

このグラフによれば、現像バイアスの電位値が一300
Vの場合、トナー濃度が8wt%付近から現像濃度の変
化が小さくなり、これではトナー濃度の検出精度が悪い
。そして、現像バイアスの電位値の絶対値を大きく、つ
まり帯電電位との電位差を小さくするに従ってトナー濃
度に対する現像濃度の変化が太きくなる。このグラフに
よれば、現像バイアスの電位値が一450Vの場合に、
即ちi前記電位差が150Vの場合にトナー濃度の設定
値である19w1%付近での変化が最も大きい。
According to this graph, the potential value of the developing bias is 1300
In the case of V, the change in the developed density becomes small when the toner density is around 8 wt %, which results in poor toner density detection accuracy. Then, as the absolute value of the potential value of the developing bias increases, that is, as the potential difference with the charging potential decreases, the change in the developing density relative to the toner density increases. According to this graph, when the potential value of the developing bias is 1450V,
That is, when the potential difference i is 150V, the change is largest near 19w1%, which is the set value of the toner concentration.

従って一本実施例において基準潜像を現像する際の現像
バイアス電位値は、前記の如<−−450Vに設定され
ている。
Therefore, in this embodiment, the developing bias potential value when developing the reference latent image is set to <-450V as described above.

即ち1本実柿例では、基準潜像を現像する際の現像バイ
アスの電圧値を、トナー濃度が設定値にある場合におい
て基準潜像の現像濃度が中程度の画像濃度となる様に調
整されているのであるが。
That is, in the example of one real persimmon, the voltage value of the developing bias when developing the reference latent image is adjusted so that the developed density of the reference latent image becomes a medium image density when the toner density is at the set value. Although it is.

ここで「中程度の画像濃度」について説明する。Here, "medium image density" will be explained.

第6図は感光体へのトナー付着量に対する現像濃度の変
化を示し、現像濃度は1,1程度までは正確にトナー付
着量に比例するが、それ以上ではff1J記比例関係が
くずれ、最終的に飽和する。第7図はトナー濃度に対す
る付着量の変化を示し、実線山は甚臨チャートの画像濃
度が1.0の場合、一点鎖線(g)は同様に0.6の場
合を示し、トナー付着量は基準チャートの濃度及びトナ
ー濃度に略比例することが理解できる。
Figure 6 shows the change in developing density with respect to the amount of toner adhering to the photoreceptor.The developing density is accurately proportional to the amount of toner adhering up to about 1.1, but beyond that the proportional relationship shown in ff1J breaks down, and the final saturates. FIG. 7 shows the change in the amount of adhered toner with respect to the toner density. It can be understood that the density is approximately proportional to the density of the reference chart and the toner density.

この二つのグラフから明らかな様に、トナー濃度を精度
良く検出するためにけ2現像濃度が1.1以下であるこ
とが望ましく、実際には現像濃度が上昇したときにトナ
ーの補給を停止するのであるから、トナー濃度が設定値
にある場合の基準潜像の現像濃度としては160以下が
望ましい。下限については+ iiJ記受光受光素子1
)の感度、性能のばらつき−あるいは感光体ドラム(1
)の表面の反射濃度等によって決定されるが1発光素子
(80)、受光素子(31)がトナー等で汚れた場合の
影響等をできるだけ小さくするためにも、基準潜像の現
像濃度は高い方が好捷しく、0.5以上が望ましい。
As is clear from these two graphs, in order to accurately detect toner density, it is desirable that the developer density is 1.1 or less, and in reality, toner replenishment is stopped when the developer density increases. Therefore, when the toner density is at the set value, the developed density of the reference latent image is preferably 160 or less. For the lower limit, + iiJ light receiving element 1
) sensitivity and performance variations - or photoreceptor drum (1
), but the development density of the standard latent image is high in order to minimize the effects of the light-emitting element (80) and light-receiving element (31) being contaminated with toner, etc. 0.5 or more is preferable.

従って、前記「中程度の画像濃度」とは実質的に0.5
〜1.0の範囲の濃度のことを意味する。
Therefore, the above-mentioned "medium image density" is substantially 0.5
It means a concentration in the range of ~1.0.

また、基準チャート(16)の「高画像濃度」とは−光
学系(20)の露光によって感光体に予め付与された帯
電電位を実質的に低下させない程度の画像濃度を意味す
る。本実施例では1.0以上の画像濃度であることが必
要で、これにより第2図に示した様に、露光光量の変化
に基づいて現像濃度が変化することなく一換言すれば基
準潜像の表面電位の変化がなく、常にトナー濃度を正確
に検出できるのである。
Further, "high image density" in the reference chart (16) means an image density that does not substantially reduce the charging potential previously applied to the photoreceptor by exposure of the optical system (20). In this example, it is necessary to have an image density of 1.0 or more, so that as shown in FIG. There is no change in the surface potential of the toner, and the toner concentration can always be detected accurately.

次に、第8図は第2実症例の要部を示す。Next, FIG. 8 shows the main part of the second actual case.

この第2実施例は帯電チャージャ(2)ラスコロトロン
タイプのDCチャージャとし、チャージャ開口部に設け
たグリッド電極に印加される電圧をグリッド電圧制御回
路(34)にて制御可能とする一方、現像バイアスの電
圧値を基準潜像、原稿画像潜像ともに一定としたもので
、他の構成は前記第1実施例と同様である。
In this second embodiment, the charger (2) is a Las Corotron type DC charger, and the voltage applied to the grid electrode provided at the charger opening can be controlled by a grid voltage control circuit (34), while the developing bias The voltage value is constant for both the reference latent image and the original image latent image, and the other configurations are the same as in the first embodiment.

グリッド電圧制御回路(34)はグリッド電圧を制御す
ることにより感光体ドラム(1)の表面に帯電される帯
電電位を精度良く調整可能であり、この帯電電位は原稿
画像潜像が形成される表面部分と基準潜像が形成される
表面部分とで二段階に自動的に切換えられる。基準潜像
が形成される表面部分の帯電電位は一現像剤中のトナー
濃度が設定値にある程度において、基準潜像の現像濃度
が中程度の画像濃度となる様に調整されており、具”体
重には一原稿画像潜像形成部分の帯電電位が一600V
であるのに対して基準潜像形成部分の帯電電位は一45
0Vとされている。また2現像バイアスの゛電位値は基
準潜像、原稿画像潜像いずれの現像に際しても一300
Vである。
The grid voltage control circuit (34) can accurately adjust the charging potential charged on the surface of the photoreceptor drum (1) by controlling the grid voltage. It is automatically switched in two stages depending on the area and the surface area where the reference latent image is formed. The charging potential of the surface portion where the reference latent image is formed is adjusted so that the developed density of the reference latent image becomes a medium image density when the toner concentration in one developer is at the set value. The charged potential of the latent image forming part of one original image is 1600V for body weight.
On the other hand, the charging potential of the reference latent image forming part is -45
It is assumed to be 0V. In addition, the potential value of the two developing biases is 1300 when developing either the reference latent image or the original image latent image.
It is V.

因に1以上の条件において、トナー濃度が設定値である
lQwt%の場合、基準潜像の現像濃度は約0.95で
ある。この現像濃度は帯電電位(■o1)によって大き
く変化するものであり、トナー濃度の検出精度に関して
大きな影響を及ぼすものである。従って、基準潜像形成
部分の帯電電位(Vol)、換言すれば、現像バイアス
の電位値(Vb)との電位差(ΔV=IVot  Vb
l)は慎重に選択する必要がある。なお、前記帯電電位
(Vol)は基準潜像の表面電位に相当するものである
Incidentally, under one or more conditions, when the toner density is the set value of 1Qwt%, the developed density of the reference latent image is about 0.95. This developed density varies greatly depending on the charging potential (■o1), and has a large effect on the detection accuracy of toner density. Therefore, the charging potential (Vol) of the reference latent image forming portion, in other words, the potential difference (ΔV=IVot Vb) with the developing bias potential value (Vb)
l) must be selected carefully. Note that the charging potential (Vol) corresponds to the surface potential of the reference latent image.

第9図は種々の帯電電位の下におけるトナー濃度に対す
る高画像濃度を有する基準チャートによって形成される
基準潜像の現像濃度の変化を示す。
FIG. 9 shows the development density variation of a reference latent image formed by a reference chart having a high image density versus toner density under various charging potentials.

このグラフによれば、帯電電位が一600Vの場合、ト
ナー濃度が8wL% 付近から現像濃度の変化が小さく
なり・、これではトナー濃度の検出精度が悪い。そして
、帯電電位の絶対値を小さく、っまり現像バイアスの電
位値との電位差を小さくするに従ってトナー濃度に対す
る現像濃度の変化が大きくなる。このグラフによれば、
帯電電位が一450Vの場合に、即ち前記電位差が15
0Vの場合にトナー濃度の設定値である10w【%付近
での変化が最も大きい。従って、本実施例において基準
潜像が形成される感光体ドラム(1)の表面の帯電電位
は一450Vに設定されている。
According to this graph, when the charging potential is 1,600 V, the change in the developing density becomes small from around 8 wL%, which results in poor toner density detection accuracy. Then, as the absolute value of the charging potential is made smaller, that is, the potential difference between it and the potential value of the developing bias is made smaller, the change in the developing density relative to the toner density becomes larger. According to this graph,
When the charging potential is 1450V, that is, the potential difference is 15
In the case of 0V, the change is largest near 10w%, which is the set value of toner density. Therefore, in this embodiment, the charging potential of the surface of the photosensitive drum (1) on which the reference latent image is formed is set to -450V.

即ち1本実施例では、基準潜像が形成される感光体表面
部分の帯電電位を、トナー濃度が設定値にある場合にお
いて基準潜像の現像濃度が中程度の画像濃度となる様に
調整されているのであり−「中程度の画r象濃度」及び
基準チャートの「高画像濃度」については前記第1実施
例と同様である。
That is, in this embodiment, the charging potential of the surface portion of the photoreceptor on which the reference latent image is formed is adjusted so that the developed density of the reference latent image becomes an intermediate image density when the toner density is at the set value. The "medium image density" and the "high image density" of the reference chart are the same as in the first embodiment.

なお、本発明に係る電子写真複写機は、前記第1、第2
実施例の如く一現像バイアスの電位値あるいは帯電電位
のいずれかが調整されているものの他−両者が同時に調
整されていてもよい。
Note that the electrophotographic copying machine according to the present invention has the first and second
In addition to adjusting either the potential value of one developing bias or the charging potential as in the embodiment, both may be adjusted at the same time.

効果 以上の説明で明らかな様に、本発明は、基準チヤードが
高画像濃度を有しており、かつトナー濃度が設定値にあ
る場合において、基準潜像の現像濃度が中程度の画像濃
度となる様に、現像バイアスの電位値と帯電電位との少
なくともいずれかが調整されているため、トナー補給制
御用基準潜像の現像濃度が光学系による露光光量の変化
の影響を受けることがなく、現像剤中のトナー濃度を正
確にかつ精度よく検出することができ、結果的に前記ト
ナー濃度を常時一定に維持することができる。
Effects As is clear from the above explanation, in the present invention, when the reference chart has a high image density and the toner density is at the set value, the developed density of the reference latent image is a medium image density. Since at least one of the potential value of the developing bias and the charging potential is adjusted, the developed density of the reference latent image for toner replenishment control is not affected by changes in the amount of exposure light caused by the optical system. The toner concentration in the developer can be detected accurately and with high precision, and as a result, the toner concentration can be maintained constant at all times.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図はトナー濃度に対する基準潜像の現像濃度の変化
を示すグラフ、第2図は基準チャート画像濃度に対する
基準潜像の現像濃度の変化を示すグラフ、第3図、第4
図は本発明の第1実施例の概略構成を示す正面図と斜視
図、第5図は現像バイアスの電位値を可変とした場合の
トナー濃度に対する基準潜像の現像濃度の変化を示すグ
ラフ。 第6図はトナー付着量に対する基準潜像の現像濃度の変
化を示すグラフ、第7図はトナー濃度に対するトナー付
着量の変化を示すグラフ、第8図は第2実施例の要部を
示す正面図、第9図は帯電電位を可変とした場合のトナ
ー濃度に対する基準潜像の現像濃度の変化を示すグラフ
である。 (1)・・感光体ドラム、(2)・・帯電チャージャ、
(3)・・・現像装置−(4)・・・現像スリーブ、(
6)・・現像バイアス制御回路、(7)・・・トナー補
給装置+ (15)・・・原稿載置ガラス、(16)・
・・基準チャート−(2o)・・・光学系。 (21)・・・光量調整回路、 (30’)・・・発光
素子−(81)・・・受光素子、(32)・・・濃度検
出回路、(33)・・・トナー補給制御回路、(34)
・・・グリッド電圧制御回路。 特許出願人  ミノルタカメラ株式会社代 理 人  
弁理士青白 葆ほか2名第5図 ■丈−!膚(uti幻− 第6図 第71!1 トラ−14斐(uyiヅ)  −
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the change in the developed density of the reference latent image with respect to the toner density, FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change in the developed density of the reference latent image with respect to the reference chart image density, and FIGS.
The figures are a front view and a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes in the developed density of a reference latent image with respect to toner density when the potential value of the developing bias is made variable. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the change in the developed density of the reference latent image with respect to the amount of toner adhesion, FIG. 7 is a graph showing the change in the amount of toner adhesion with respect to the toner density, and FIG. 8 is a front view showing the main part of the second embodiment. 9 are graphs showing changes in the developed density of the reference latent image with respect to the toner density when the charging potential is varied. (1)...photosensitive drum, (2)...electrostatic charger,
(3)...Developing device-(4)...Developing sleeve, (
6)...Development bias control circuit, (7)...Toner supply device + (15)...Document placement glass, (16)...
...Reference chart-(2o)...Optical system. (21)...Light amount adjustment circuit, (30')...Light emitting element-(81)...Light receiving element, (32)...Density detection circuit, (33)...Toner replenishment control circuit, (34)
...Grid voltage control circuit. Patent applicant Minolta Camera Co., Ltd. Agent
Patent Attorney Aohaku Ao and 2 others Fig. 5 ■ Length -! Skin (uti phantom) - Figure 6 No. 71! 1 Tora - 14 斐 (uyizu) -

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1、原稿載置面の近傍に設置されており、光学系による
光像投影の際に、感光体の表面にトナー補給制御用の基
準潜像を形成するための基準チャートと一前記基準潜像
の現像濃度に応じて一現像装置内に収容されている現像
剤中のトナー濃度を所定の設定値に維持するために前記
現像剤に対してトナーを補給するトナー補給装置とを備
えた電子写真複写機であって、前記基準チャートが高画
像濃度を有していること、及び前記現像剤中のトナー濃
度が設定値にある場合において、前記基準潜像の現像濃
度が中程度の画像濃度となる様に、基準潜像を現像する
際に現像電極に対して印加される現像バイアスの電圧値
と、基準潜像が形成される感光体の表面が帯電装置によ
って帯電される帯電電位との少なくともいずれかが調整
されていることを特徴とする電子写真複写機。 2、前記光学系によって感光体の表面に投影される光像
の露光光量が調整可能であることを特徴とする特許請求
の範囲第1項記載の電子写真複写機。
[Claims] 1. A reference chart that is installed near the document placement surface and is used to form a reference latent image for toner replenishment control on the surface of the photoreceptor when a light image is projected by the optical system. and (1) a toner replenishing device that replenishes toner to the developer in order to maintain the toner concentration in the developer contained in the developing device at a predetermined setting value according to the developed density of the reference latent image. an electrophotographic copying machine comprising: the reference chart having a high image density; and when the toner concentration in the developer is at a set value, the developed density of the reference latent image is In order to obtain a medium image density, the voltage value of the developing bias applied to the developing electrode when developing the reference latent image and the surface of the photoreceptor on which the reference latent image is formed are charged by the charging device. An electrophotographic copying machine characterized in that at least one of the charging potential and the charging potential is adjusted. 2. The electrophotographic copying machine according to claim 1, wherein the amount of exposure light of the optical image projected onto the surface of the photoreceptor by the optical system is adjustable.
JP57073969A 1982-05-01 1982-05-01 Electrophotographic copying machine Pending JPS58190966A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57073969A JPS58190966A (en) 1982-05-01 1982-05-01 Electrophotographic copying machine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57073969A JPS58190966A (en) 1982-05-01 1982-05-01 Electrophotographic copying machine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS58190966A true JPS58190966A (en) 1983-11-08

Family

ID=13533410

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP57073969A Pending JPS58190966A (en) 1982-05-01 1982-05-01 Electrophotographic copying machine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS58190966A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58220159A (en) * 1982-06-16 1983-12-21 インタ−ナシヨナル ビジネス マシ−ンズ コ−ポレ−シヨン Control of toner density
JPS6242164A (en) * 1985-08-20 1987-02-24 Ricoh Co Ltd Toner supplying method for image forming device
JPS63311368A (en) * 1987-06-15 1988-12-20 Ricoh Co Ltd Image control method for image forming device
US4934314A (en) * 1987-03-17 1990-06-19 Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha Developing apparatus provided with toner replenishing arrangement

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5555349A (en) * 1978-10-20 1980-04-23 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd Control unit of electrophotographic copier
JPS55127571A (en) * 1979-03-26 1980-10-02 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd Control method of electrophotographic copier
JPS56161557A (en) * 1980-05-19 1981-12-11 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd Method for controlling electrophotographic copying machine
JPS57104159A (en) * 1980-12-22 1982-06-29 Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd Toner density detecting method
JPS57195256A (en) * 1981-05-27 1982-11-30 Ricoh Co Ltd Controlling method for toner density
JPS58182650A (en) * 1982-04-20 1983-10-25 Ricoh Co Ltd Method for adjusting control device for image density of electrophotographic copying machine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5555349A (en) * 1978-10-20 1980-04-23 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd Control unit of electrophotographic copier
JPS55127571A (en) * 1979-03-26 1980-10-02 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd Control method of electrophotographic copier
JPS56161557A (en) * 1980-05-19 1981-12-11 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd Method for controlling electrophotographic copying machine
JPS57104159A (en) * 1980-12-22 1982-06-29 Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd Toner density detecting method
JPS57195256A (en) * 1981-05-27 1982-11-30 Ricoh Co Ltd Controlling method for toner density
JPS58182650A (en) * 1982-04-20 1983-10-25 Ricoh Co Ltd Method for adjusting control device for image density of electrophotographic copying machine

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58220159A (en) * 1982-06-16 1983-12-21 インタ−ナシヨナル ビジネス マシ−ンズ コ−ポレ−シヨン Control of toner density
JPH0314348B2 (en) * 1982-06-16 1991-02-26 Intaanashonaru Bijinesu Mashiinzu Corp
JPS6242164A (en) * 1985-08-20 1987-02-24 Ricoh Co Ltd Toner supplying method for image forming device
US4934314A (en) * 1987-03-17 1990-06-19 Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha Developing apparatus provided with toner replenishing arrangement
JPS63311368A (en) * 1987-06-15 1988-12-20 Ricoh Co Ltd Image control method for image forming device

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