JPS58133345A - Semi-hard magnetic alloy - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a semi-hard magnetic alloy increased in residual magnetic flux density by a small amount of Co and improved in squareness ratio, by containing a specific amount of Co, W and Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr or Hf in Fe. CONSTITUTION:A semi-hard magnetic alloy consists of 5-40wt% Co, 5-18% W, 0.1-4% either one of Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr or Hf and substantially the remainder Fe. In this alloy composition, W is precipitated as an intermetallic compound bonded to Fe and Co by ageing and effective in increasing coersive force and squareness ratio. In addition, because Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr and Hf develops magnetic anisotropy in the alloy, it is effective in increasing the squareness ratio. This semi-hard magnetic alloy is suitable for a self-holding type relay and the iron core material for a switch.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、自己保持形リレーおよびスイッチ用鉄心材と
して好適な、冷間加工が可能で高い残留磁束密度を有し
、かつ角形比が極めて良好な半硬質磁性合金に関するも
のである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a semi-hard magnetic alloy that can be cold worked, has a high residual magnetic flux density, and has an extremely good squareness ratio, and is suitable as an iron core material for self-holding relays and switches. It is something.

電子交換機や通信用宅内機器などの自己保持形リレーお
よびスイッチ用鉄心材としての半硬質磁性合金は、リレ
ーおよびスイッチの設計条件によって種々の特性が要求
される。特に、これらの半硬質磁性合金は、加工性が良
好で数Ｏｅからほぼ１０００ｅの保ノＡカ（Ｈｃ）を有
するとともに、リレーおよびスイッチの小形化のために
は残留磁束密度（Ｂｒ　）の高いことが極めて重要とな
る。Semi-hard magnetic alloys used as core materials for self-holding relays and switches such as electronic exchanges and communication home equipment are required to have various properties depending on the design conditions of the relays and switches. In particular, these semi-hard magnetic alloys have good workability and a holding capacity (Hc) of several Oe to approximately 1000e, and are also required to have a high residual magnetic flux density (Br) for downsizing relays and switches. This is extremely important.

このような自己保持形リレーおよびスイ′ツテ用半硬質
磁性合金としては、従来からパイカロイ。Picaloy has traditionally been used as a semi-hard magnetic alloy for such self-holding relays and switches.

リメンダなどのＦｅ−Ｃｏ系合金、ニプコロイなトノ高
ｃｏ系合金、　Ｆｅ−Ｍｎ系合金、あるいＩｄ　Ｆｅ−
Ｎｉ系合金などがある。しかしながら、これら従来の半
硬質磁性合金は、Ｈｃがほぼ２００ｅ　〜ｇｃｉｏｅ　
、　Ｂｒがほぼ１８〜１２ＫＧであるが、Ｆｅ−Ｍｎ系
合金のとと〈Ｃｏを含まぬ半硬質磁性合金で得られるＢ
ｒは１７ＫＧ以下で返り、１７ｘＧ以上の高いＢｒを得
るためには、リメンダ（４９％Ｏｏ　−４８１Ｆａ　−
３％Ｖ）Ｏごとく合金に高価なＣｏを多量に含ませなけ
ればならない欠点があった。Fe-Co alloy such as Remenda, high co alloy such as Nipcoloy, Fe-Mn alloy, or Id Fe-
Examples include Ni-based alloys. However, these conventional semi-hard magnetic alloys have Hc of approximately 200e ~ gcioe
, Br is approximately 18 to 12 KG, but the Fe-Mn alloy and the B obtained from the semi-hard magnetic alloy that does not contain Co
r returns below 17KG, and in order to obtain a high Br of 17xG or above, remenda (49%Oo -481Fa -
There was a drawback that a large amount of expensive Co, such as 3% V)O, had to be included in the alloy.

近年、自己保持形リレーおよびスイッチの小形化、経済
化はますます重要になってきており、このためには従来
以上に高いＢｒを持ち、かつ高価なＣｏ量の少ない半硬
質磁性合金の開発カミ待たれており、更にリレーおよび
スイッチの広範囲な設計に対処するためには、高いＢｒ
を持ち、かつ数Ｏｅから百数十Ｏｅという従来以上に広
範囲なＨｅを持つ半硬質磁性合金の開発が待たれていた
。In recent years, miniaturization and economicalization of self-holding relays and switches have become increasingly important, and to this end, efforts have been made to develop semi-hard magnetic alloys that have higher Br than ever before and low amounts of expensive Co. High Br is expected to further address the wide range of relay and switch designs.
It has been awaited to develop a semi-hard magnetic alloy having a wider range of He than before, from several Oe to over 100 Oe.

このような半硬質磁性合金の製造方法として、本出願人
は、先に、重量比で００の量が５〜４０％。As a manufacturing method for such a semi-hard magnetic alloy, the present applicant has previously proposed that the amount of 00 is 5 to 40% by weight.

Ｗの量が８〜１８％で、残りＦｅからなる３元合金を、
１１００℃以上の温度から焼入れだ後、加工率６０％以
上の冷間加工を施して、５００〜９００℃の温度で焼戻
しを行なうことにより、Ｂｒが１６ＫＧ以上、　）Ｉｅ
が３０〜１２００・の特性を有する半硬質磁性合金を得
る方法を提案した（％願８８５３−１１３１６）。A ternary alloy in which the amount of W is 8 to 18% and the remainder is Fe,
After quenching from a temperature of 1100℃ or higher, cold working is performed at a processing rate of 60% or higher, and tempering is performed at a temperature of 500 to 900℃, so that the Br is 16KG or higher, )Ie
proposed a method for obtaining a semi-hard magnetic alloy having a property of 30 to 1200 (% Application No. 8853-11316).

しかしながら、上記方法により得られた半裸性合金は、
その角形比（Ｂｒ／Ｂｓｏｏ、ここでＢ５ｌ０は２００
０ｅを印磁し九ときの合金の磁束密度）が最も高いもの
で０．９４でＴｏυ、シかもこの値を得るためには非常
に高い加工率の冷間加工を施すことを必要とじ九。自己
保持形リレーおよびスイッチの高性能化のためには更に
高い角形比が必要であシ、経済化のためにはより低い加
工率で高い角形比が得られることが望ましい。However, the semi-naked alloy obtained by the above method is
Its squareness ratio (Br/Bsoo, where B5l0 is 200
When 0e is applied, the highest magnetic flux density of the alloy is 0.94, Toυ, and in order to obtain this value, it is necessary to perform cold working at a very high working rate. In order to improve the performance of self-holding relays and switches, a higher squareness ratio is required, and for economical purposes, it is desirable to obtain a higher squareness ratio with a lower processing rate.

従って、本発明の目的は、自己保持形リレーおよびスイ
ッチの山形化、高性能化、経済化を可能にする、加工性
が良好で残留磁束密度Ｂｒが高く、かつ角形比が極めて
高く、シか４ｈＯｏ量の少ない半硬質磁性合金を提供す
ることにある。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to have good workability, high residual magnetic flux density Br, and extremely high squareness ratio, and to enable self-holding relays and switches to be made into chevron shapes, to improve performance, and to be economical. The object of the present invention is to provide a semi-hard magnetic alloy with a small amount of 4hOo.

このような目的を達成すｂ九峠に、本発明による半硬質
磁性合金は、重量比でＣＯを５〜４０優、Ｗを１５〜１
８％、Ｎｂ、Ｔａ、Ｔｉ、Ｚｒ、Ｈｆのいずれかを０．
１〜４−含み、残部を実質的ＫＦ・により構成したもの
である。To achieve these objectives, the semi-hard magnetic alloy according to the present invention has a weight ratio of 5 to 40% CO and 15 to 1% W.
8%, Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr, or Hf.
1 to 4, with the remainder consisting essentially of KF.

即ち、本発明に係る半硬質磁性合金は、基質である過飽
和α相からの金属間化合物の析出反応をもって、必要な
Ｈｃを得るための基本反応とするものであり、その場合
、各元素成分はそれぞれ次のような役割を果している。That is, in the semi-hard magnetic alloy according to the present invention, the basic reaction for obtaining the necessary Hc is the precipitation reaction of intermetallic compounds from the supersaturated α phase that is the substrate, and in this case, each elemental component is Each of them plays the following roles.

先ずＷは、時効によりＦｅおよびＯｏと結合した金属間
化合物として析出し、ＨＣおよびＢｒ／Ｂｓｏ。First, W is precipitated by aging as an intermetallic compound combined with Fe and Oo, forming HC and Br/Bso.

を増加させるのに有効である。しかしながらＷ量が５チ
（重量比、以下同じ）未満では析出反応が期待できず、
従って冷間加工処理による磁気異方性発達の効果が少な
いため、’ＨｃおよびＢｒ／Ｂｓｏ。It is effective in increasing the However, if the amount of W is less than 5 cm (weight ratio, the same applies hereinafter), precipitation reaction cannot be expected.
Therefore, since the effect of magnetic anisotropy development due to cold working treatment is small, 'Hc and Br/Bso.

が著しく低下する。またＷ量が１８％を越えると冷間加
工が困難になる。decreases significantly. Moreover, if the amount of W exceeds 18%, cold working becomes difficult.

また００は、飽和磁化を増加させてＢｒを増加させると
ともに、一部が金属間化合物として析出するためＨｃを
増加させるのに有効である。しかしながらＯｏ量が５１
未満ではＢｒが着しく低下する。Further, 00 is effective for increasing saturation magnetization and increasing Br, and also for increasing Hc because a part of it is precipitated as an intermetallic compound. However, the amount of Oo is 51
If it is less than that, Br will decrease considerably.

を九Ｃｏ量が４０−を越えると冷間加工が困難になると
ともに、素材費が高価となる。When the Co content exceeds 40 -, cold working becomes difficult and the material cost increases.

更にＮｂ　、Ｔａ　、Ｔｉ　、Ｚｒ　、Ｈｆは、合金内
に磁気的な異方性を発達させることから、角形比Ｂｒ／
Ｂｌ・Ｏを増加させるのに極めて有効である。しかしな
がら、Ｗｂ、Ｔａ、’Ｉ’ｉ、Ｚｒ、）Ｉｆのいずれか
の量が０．１−未満では磁気的な異方性の発達が十分に
行なわれず、Ｂｒ／ＢＷｍを増加させる効果が十分に現
われない。ま九Ｎｂ、′Ｔａ、Ｔｉ、Ｚｒ、Ｈｆのいず
れかの量が４％を越えると冷間加工が困難になる。Furthermore, since Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr, and Hf develop magnetic anisotropy within the alloy, the squareness ratio Br/
It is extremely effective in increasing Bl.O. However, if the amount of any one of Wb, Ta, 'I'i, Zr, )If is less than 0.1-, magnetic anisotropy will not be sufficiently developed, and the effect of increasing Br/BWm will not be sufficient. does not appear in If the amount of any one of Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr, and Hf exceeds 4%, cold working becomes difficult.

次に％仁のような各効果を明確にするため、具体的な実
験例を掲げて説明する。Next, in order to clarify each effect such as % ren, specific experimental examples will be given and explained.

先ず、２０−のＯｏ、１３−のＷを一定にして、Ｔ１が
０９６．ＩＬ２％のいずれかを含み、残Ｔｐｙ・とから
なる各組成の合金をアルゴンガス雰囲気において、０．
５−のＭｆｌを脱酸剤として溶解して得た丸形インゴッ
トを１２００℃で１時間均一化処理後水冷し、熱間加工
および冷間加工により直径９■、７■、５，５■。First, with Oo of 20- and W of 13- constant, T1 is 096. An alloy of each composition containing 2% of IL and the remainder of Tpy was heated to 0.0% in an argon gas atmosphere.
Round ingots obtained by dissolving Mfl of No. 5 as a deoxidizing agent were homogenized at 1200°C for 1 hour, cooled with water, and hot-worked and cold-worked into diameters of 9cm, 7cm, and 5.5cm.

３．７１１１に加工した。ついで１２００℃で１時間保
持後水冷して溶体化処理し、それぞれ加工率９５Ｌ９２
１．８７１．７１−の冷間線引を施して直径２■の線材
とした後、７００℃で１時間時効した。これらの処理で
得た各合金の角形比Ｂｒ／Ｂ１００と加工率との関係を
図に示す。図において、（イ）、（ロ））、（→がそれ
ツレＴｉ　量カ０＊、　１％、２１１０場合を示ス。Processed to 3.7111. Then, after being held at 1200°C for 1 hour, it was cooled with water and subjected to solution treatment, resulting in a processing rate of 95L92.
1.871.71- was applied to make a wire rod with a diameter of 2 cm, and then aged at 700° C. for 1 hour. The relationship between the squareness ratio Br/B100 and processing rate of each alloy obtained by these treatments is shown in the figure. In the figure, (A), (B)), (→ indicate the case where the amount of Ti is 0*, 1%, 2110.

同図から明らかなように、各合金とも加工率が上昇する
に従ってＢｒ／Ｂ’ｍ・Ｏが増大しているが、同一の加
工率では、Ｔｉ量が増加するに従ってＢｒ／Ｂｗａが増
大している。そして、リレーおよびスイッチ期鉄心材と
して好ましい０，９以上のＢｒ７１３１００を得るため
には、Ｔｉを含まない合金では約９５−の加工率を必要
とするのに対し、１＊Ｔｉを含む合金では約ＳＳＳの加
工率、２％Ｔｉを含む合金では約８０−の加工率で０．
９のｓｒ／Ｂｓｏｏが得られる。このようにＴｉは、合
金の磁気異方性を発達させるため、低い加工率でも高い
Ｂｒ／Ｂｌ（１０を得ることを可能にする。As is clear from the figure, Br/B'm・O increases as the working rate increases for each alloy, but at the same working rate, Br/Bwa increases as the Ti content increases. There is. In order to obtain Br713100 of 0.9 or higher, which is preferable as an iron core material for relays and switches, alloys that do not contain Ti require a processing rate of approximately 95-, whereas alloys that contain 1*Ti require a processing rate of approximately The processing rate of SSS is approximately 80-0 for alloys containing 2% Ti.
An sr/Bsoo of 9 is obtained. Thus, Ti develops the magnetic anisotropy of the alloy, making it possible to obtain a high Br/Bl (10) even at a low processing rate.

このことＪｄ、Ｎｂ、Ｔａ、Ｚｒ、Ｈｆについても同様
である。This also applies to Jd, Nb, Ta, Zr, and Hf.

次に１第１表に示した種々の組成の合金をアルゴンガス
雰囲気において、０．５１のＭｎを脱酸剤として溶解し
て得た丸形インゴットを１２００℃で１時間均一化処理
後水冷し、熱間加工および冷間加工によ如直径９■の棒
材を作成した。これらの棒材を１２００℃で１時間保持
後水冷して溶体化処理し、加工率９５−の冷間線引を施
して直径２■の線材とじ九後、１００℃で１時間時効し
た。第２表に、第１表に示し喪組成の合金の徴気特性お
よび加工性を第１表 第２表 第１表および第２表から明らかなように、合金番号が１
〜７および９〜１３０本発明による合金は、少ないＯｏ
量で角形比Ｂｒ／ｆｉｌｅ・が０．９４〜０．９８と極
めて高く、シかもＨａが３５〜１０００・でＢｒが１７
．２ＫＧ以上と高く、かつ嵐好な加工性が得られた。Next, round ingots obtained by dissolving alloys with various compositions shown in Table 1 in an argon gas atmosphere with 0.51 Mn as a deoxidizing agent were homogenized at 1200°C for 1 hour and cooled with water. A bar with a diameter of 9 cm was prepared by hot working and cold working. These rods were held at 1200° C. for 1 hour, cooled with water, subjected to solution treatment, subjected to cold drawing at a processing rate of 95°, bound to a wire having a diameter of 2 cm, and then aged at 100° C. for 1 hour. Table 2 shows the aeration characteristics and workability of the alloys with the composition shown in Table 1, as shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
~7 and 9~130 The alloy according to the invention has less Oo
The squareness ratio Br/file is extremely high at 0.94 to 0.98, and the squareness ratio is 35 to 1000 and Br is 17.
．． A high weight of 2KG or more and excellent workability were obtained.

これに対し、合金番号８０本発明外の合金は、加工が困
難であった。In contrast, Alloy No. 80, an alloy other than the present invention, was difficult to process.

以上説明したように、本発明によれば、冷間加工性が良
好で残留磁束密度が高く、かつ角形比（Ｂｒ／Ｂ愈ｏｏ
　）が極めて高く、シかもＣｏ量が少ない半硬質磁性合
金が得られ、特に電子交換機や通信用毛内機器などに用
いられる磁気自己保持形リレーおよびスイッチの小形化
、高性能化、経済化に対して極めて大きな効果を有する
。As explained above, according to the present invention, the cold workability is good, the residual magnetic flux density is high, and the squareness ratio (Br/B
) and a small amount of Co can be obtained, which is particularly useful for miniaturizing, improving performance, and making economical magnetic self-holding relays and switches used in electronic exchanges and communication devices. It has an extremely large effect on

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図はＴｉ量の異なる半硬質磁性合金における角形比と加
工率との関係を示すグラフである。 特許出願人　　日本電信電話公社 代理人　山川　政樹The figure is a graph showing the relationship between squareness ratio and processing rate in semi-hard magnetic alloys with different amounts of Ti. Patent applicant Masaki Yamakawa, agent of Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corporation

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 重量比でＣＯを５〜４０％、Ｗを５〜１８％、Ｎｂ、Ｔ
ａ、Ｔｉ。 Ｚｒ、Ｈｆのいずれかを０．１〜４％含み、残部が実質
的にＦｅからなる半硬質磁性合金。[Claims] 5 to 40% of CO, 5 to 18% of W, Nb, T by weight ratio
a.Ti. A semi-hard magnetic alloy containing 0.1 to 4% of either Zr or Hf, with the balance essentially consisting of Fe.