JPH11506167A - 塩化物で補助される硫化物鉱石からのニッケル及びコバルトの湿式冶金的抽出方法 - Google Patents
塩化物で補助される硫化物鉱石からのニッケル及びコバルトの湿式冶金的抽出方法Info
- Publication number
- JPH11506167A JPH11506167A JP50003697A JP50003697A JPH11506167A JP H11506167 A JPH11506167 A JP H11506167A JP 50003697 A JP50003697 A JP 50003697A JP 50003697 A JP50003697 A JP 50003697A JP H11506167 A JPH11506167 A JP H11506167A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- cobalt
- extractant
- nickel
- magnesium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 259
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 55
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 title claims description 55
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 55
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 84
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical group ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229950011008 tetrachloroethylene Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 claims 24
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 claims 17
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 9
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006166 lysate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 21
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical group [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 17
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 14
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 14
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 11
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 9
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- -1 halogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 6
- MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanide Chemical compound [Na+].N#[C-] MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052951 chalcopyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052569 sulfide mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000658 coextraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052950 sphalerite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000252073 Anguilliformes Species 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Norphytane Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chalcopyrite Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[Fe+2].[Cu+2] DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- INPLXZPZQSLHBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+);sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Co+2] INPLXZPZQSLHBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052963 cobaltite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010960 commercial process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014413 iron hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Fe+2] NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical compound O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052952 pyrrhotite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L silver sulfate Chemical compound [Ag+].[Ag+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000367 silver sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LITQZINTSYBKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-F tetracopper;hexahydroxide;sulfate Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LITQZINTSYBKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-F 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/42—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by ion-exchange extraction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
- C22B3/10—Hydrochloric acid, other halogenated acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0065—Leaching or slurrying
- C22B15/0067—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0065—Leaching or slurrying
- C22B15/0067—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof
- C22B15/0069—Leaching or slurrying with acids or salts thereof containing halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
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- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
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- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
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Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.鉱石または精鉱を、結果として得られた加圧酸化スラリーからNi/Co 成分を含む液体を得るために、酸素と、塩化物、銅及び硫酸塩イオンを含む酸性 溶液との存在下に加圧酸化に供し、 該液体を、Ni/Coの水酸化物を含む固体を得るために、選択的沈殿処理に 供し、 該固体を、Ni/Co成分を含む浸出液と残留物とを得るために、アンモニア 溶液によるNi/Co浸出工程に供する工程からなる鉱石または精鉱からNi/ Co成分を抽出するための方法。 2.さらに、残留物を、Ni/Co成分を含む洗浄溶液と、廃棄できる残留物 とを生成するために酸洗浄工程に供し、 該洗浄溶液を選択的沈殿処理にリサイクルする工程からなる請求項1記載の方 法。 3.さらに、残留物を、Ni/Co成分を含む洗浄溶液と、廃棄できる残留物 とを生成するために酸洗浄工程に供し、 該洗浄溶液をそこからNi/Co成分を回収するために処理する工程からなる 請求項1記載の方法。 4.前記選択的沈殿処理は、 液体を、該液体中に存在する鉄、銅または亜鉛を沈殿させるために、約5乃至 6のpHで沈殿工程に供し、 得られた溶液を、Ni/Coの水酸化物を含む固体を得るために、約7乃至8 のpHで沈殿工程に供する工程からなる前記請求項のいずれか1項記載の方法。 5.前記Ni/Co成分を含む液体は、加圧酸化スラリーを該スラリー中に存 在する銅、鉄または亜鉛は固体の形であり、Ni/Co成分は溶液中に存在する 所定のpHで中和に供することにより得られる前記請求項のいずれか1項記載の 方法。 6.前記Ni/Co成分を含む液体は、加圧酸化スラリーをNi/Co成分が 固体の形である所定のpHで中和に供することと、Ni/Co成分を、Ni/C o成分を含む溶液を得るために酸浸出に供することにより得られる請求項1乃至 4のいずれか1項記載の方法。 7.さらに、残留物を、Ni/Co成分を含む第2の洗浄溶液と、酸洗浄工程 に供される残留物とを生成するために、酸洗浄工程の前に洗浄工程に供する請求 項2または3記載の方法。 8.さらに、浸出液及びさらなる洗浄溶液の一つまたは両方を、そこからNi /Co成分を回収するために溶媒抽出に供する工程からなる請求項7記載の方法 。 9.前記溶媒抽出は、ニッケル含有溶液を生成するためにニッケル抽出剤によ り達成される請求項8記載の方法。 10.前記溶媒抽出は、コバルト含有溶液を生成するためにコバルト抽出剤に より達成される請求項8記載の方法。 11.前記溶媒抽出は、 コバルトイオンにより負荷が与えられたコバルト抽出剤と、溶液中にニッケル 及びマグネシウムイオンを含む第1の不溶解物とを生成するために、マグネシウ ムイオン存在下、コバルト抽出剤を用いるコバルトの溶媒抽出を行い、 マグネシウム及びコバルトイオンにより負荷が与えられたマグネシウム抽出剤 と、第2の不溶解物とを生成するために、マグネシウム抽出剤を用いる第1の不 溶解物に対するマグネシウムの溶媒抽出を行い、 ニッケルの負荷溶液及び第3の不溶解物を生成するために、ニッケル抽出剤を 用いる第2の不溶解物に対するニッケルの溶媒抽出を行う工程からなる請求項8 記載の方法。 12.前記浸出液及びさらなる洗浄溶液のそれぞれは溶媒抽出に供され、浸出 液の溶媒抽出からの第3の不溶解物はNi/Co浸出工程にリサイクルされ、さ らなる洗浄溶液の溶媒抽出からの第3の不溶解物は酸洗浄工程の前に洗浄工程に リサイクルされる請求項11記載の方法。 13.前記Co,Mg及びNiのそれぞれの溶媒抽出は、通常のCo,Mg及 びNiの抽出剤により達成される請求項12記載の方法。 14.さらに、それぞれコバルト及びニッケル溶液を生成するために、コバル ト及びニッケルの負荷抽出剤をストリッピングする工程からなる請求項11記載 の方法。 15.ストリッピングの前に、コバルトの負荷抽出剤は、ストリッピングから リサイクルされるコバルト精鉱溶液により洗浄される請求項14記載の方法。 16.前記Ni/Co浸出工程と、コバルト、マグネシウム及びニッケル溶媒 抽出とは約30℃乃至約60℃の温度で行われる請求項11記載の方法。 17.前記Ni/Co浸出工程と、コバルト、マグネシウム及びニッケル溶媒 抽出とは約45℃乃至約50℃の温度で行われる請求項16記載の方法。 18.さらに、コバルト及びニッケル溶液を、そこからコバルト及びニッケル を回収するために電解抽出に供する請求項4記載の方法。 19.さらに、マグネシウム及びコバルトイオンを含む充満された溶液を生成 するためにマグネシウム抽出剤をストリッピングし、 該充満された溶液を選択的沈殿処理にリサイクルする工程からなる請求項11 記載の方法。 20.マグネシウム抽出剤をストリッピングする前に、マグネシウム抽出剤は マグネシウム抽出剤のストリッピングからリサイクルされる充満された溶液から なるマグネシウム濃縮溶液によりガス洗浄される請求項19記載の方法。 21.前記コバルト抽出剤はマグネシウム抽出剤と同じであって、該抽出剤は マグネシウムよりもコバルトのためにより選択的である請求項11記載の方法。 22.前記溶媒抽出は、 コバルト溶液及び第1の不溶解物を生成するために約6乃至8のpHでコバル トの溶媒抽出を行い、 ニッケル溶液及び第2の不溶解物を生成するために、実質的にコバルトの溶媒 抽出と同じpHで、第1の不溶解物に対するニッケルの溶媒抽出を行う工程から なる請求項8記載の方法。 23.さらに、浸出液中のニッケルの濃度を最大値約3乃至25g/lに制御 する工程からなる前記請求項のいずれか1項記載の方法。 24.前記最大値は約8乃至15g/lである請求項23記載の方法。 25.前記最大値は約10g/lである請求項24記載の方法。 26.前記選択的沈殿処理は、Ni/Co水酸化物に加えマグネシウムを含む 固体と、結果として得られるマグネシムを含む溶液とを生成するために、マグネ シウムイオンの存在下に行われる前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 27.さらに、結果として得られた溶液を、水酸化マグネシウムの沈殿とマグ ネシウムのなくなった不溶解物とを生成するために、沈殿工程に供する工程から なる請求項26記載の方法。 28.さらに、マグネシウムのなくなった不溶解物を加圧酸化にリサイクルす る工程からなる請求項27記載の方法。 29.さらに、少なくともマグネシウムの沈殿の一部を選択的沈殿処理にリサ イクルする工程からなる請求項27または28記載の方法。 30.前記Ni/Co浸出工程は硫酸アンモニウム溶液により行われる前記請 求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 31.前記硫酸アンモニウム溶液は約150から250g/lまでの濃度を有 する請求項30記載の方法。 32.前記硫酸アンモニウム溶液は約200g/lの濃度を有する請求項31 記載の方法。 33.前記Ni/Co浸出工程は炭酸アンモニウム溶液により行われる請求項 1乃至29のいずれか1項記載の方法。 34.前記Ni/Co浸出工程は、溶液中に含まれる硫酸アンモニウム及び炭 酸アンモニウム混合物により行われる請求項1乃至29のいずれか1項記載の方 法。 35.酸性溶液中に銅を供給するために、前記銅塩または精鉱が加圧酸化中に 酸性溶液に添加される前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 36.銅は加圧酸化にリサイクルされる請求項35記載の方法。 37.加圧酸化からの液体を、選択的沈殿処理の前に、銅の溶媒抽出に供する 工程を含む前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 38.前記ハロゲン化物は塩化物である請求項1記載の方法。 39.前記鉱石または精鉱は、さらに銅成分を含む硫化銅精鉱からなり、さら に、加圧酸化スラリーまたは、溶液中に硫酸銅を含む浸出液と、浸出残留物とを 生成するために、酸性硫酸塩溶液によりそこから得られる固体を浸出し、 該浸出液を、銅の精鉱溶液と銅のなくなった不溶解物とを生成するために、銅 の溶媒抽出に供し、 少なくとも銅のなくなった不溶解物の一部を酸性硫酸塩浸出工程にリサイクル する工程からなる請求項1乃至34または38のいずれか1項記載の方法。 40.さらに、液体を、さらなる銅の精鉱溶液を生成するために、選択的沈殿 処理の前に銅の溶媒抽出に供する工程からなる請求項39記載の方法。 41.さらに、銅の溶媒抽出からの銅の精鉱溶液を、金属の銅を生成するため に電解抽出に供する請求項40記載の方法。 42.前記鉱石または精鉱はさらに貴金属を含む硫化物精鉱からなり、 さらに、低硫黄残留物を得るために、加圧酸化スラリーまたはそこから得られ る固体からの分子状硫黄を除去し、 該低硫黄残留物を、そこから貴金属を抽出するための残留物を生成する低硫黄 残留物の存在下、硫黄及び貴金属混合物を酸化するために、高温及び高圧で酸化 浸出に供する工程からなる前記請求項のいずれか1項記載の方法。 43.前記硫黄の除去は、 加圧酸化スラリーまたはそこから得られる固体を、硫黄に富む浮遊選鉱精鉱と 硫黄のなくなった浮遊選鉱テールとを生成するために、泡沫浮遊選鉱に供し、 固体残留物を、低硫黄残留物を生成するために、適切な抽出剤による硫黄の抽 出に供する工程からなる請求項42記載の方法。 44.前記硫黄のなくなった浮遊選鉱テールは、泡沫浮遊選鉱に再循環される 液体と、酸化浸出に供される固体とを生成するために、固/液分離に供される請 求項43記載の方法。 45.前記硫黄の抽出は約90〜150℃の温度で行われる請求項43または 44記載の方法。 46.前記硫黄抽出剤はケロセン及びパークロロエチレンからなる群から選択 される請求項45記載の方法。 47.前記酸化浸出は、酸性条件下、約200〜220℃の温度及び約500 〜1200kPaの酸素分圧で行われる請求項46記載の方法。 48.精鉱を、Ni/Co成分を含む浸出液と残留物とを生成するために、ア ンモニア溶液によるNi/Co浸出工程に供し、 浸出液中のニッケルの濃度を最大値約3乃至25g/lに制御する工程からな るNi/Co水酸化物を含む精鉱からのNi/Co成分の回収のための方法。 49.前記最大値が約8から15g/lまでである請求項48記載の方法。 50.前記最大値が約10g/lである請求項49記載の方法。 51.前記Ni/Co浸出工程は硫酸アンモニウム溶液により行われる請求項 48乃至50記載の方法。 52.前記硫酸アンモニウム溶液は、約150から250g/lまでの濃度を 有する請求項51記載の方法。 53.前記硫酸アンモニウム溶液は、約200g/lの濃度を有する請求項5 2記載の方法。 54.前記Ni/Co浸出工程は炭酸アンモニウム溶液により行われる請求項 48乃至50のいずれか1項記載の方法。 55.前記Ni/Co浸出工程は溶液中に含まれる硫酸アンモニウム及び炭酸 アンモニウム混合物により行われる請求項48乃至50のいずれか1項記載の方 法。 56.残留物を、Ni/Co成分を含む洗浄溶液と廃棄できる残留物とを生成 するために、酸洗浄工程に供し、 該洗浄溶液を、Ni/Co水酸化物を含む固体を得るために、選択的沈殿処理 に供し、 該固体をNi/Co浸出工程にリサイクルする工程からなる請求項48乃至5 5のいずれか1項記載の方法。 57.さらに、残留物を、Ni/Co成分を含む洗浄溶液と廃棄できる残留物 とを生成するために、酸洗浄工程に供し、 該洗浄溶液をそこからのNi/Co成分の回収のために処理する工程からなる 請求項48乃至55のいずれか1項記載の方法。 58.さらに、残留物を、Ni/Co成分を含む第2の洗浄溶液と酸洗浄工程 に供される残留物とを生成するために、酸洗浄工程の前に洗浄工程に供する工程 からなる請求項56または57記載の方法。 59.浸出液と、Ni/Co成分を含むさらなる洗浄溶液との一方または両方 を、そこからNi/Co成分を回収するために、溶媒抽出に供する工程からなる 請求項58記載の方法。 60.前記溶媒抽出は、ニッケル含有溶液を生成するために、ニッケル抽出剤 により行う請求項59記載の方法。 61.前記溶媒抽出は、コバルト含有溶液を生成するために、コバルト抽出剤 により行う請求項59記載の方法。 62.前記溶媒抽出は、 コバルトイオンの負荷コバルト抽出剤と、溶液中にニッケル及びマグネシウム イオンを含む第1の不溶解物とを生成するために、コバルト抽出剤を用い、マグ ネシウムイオンの存在下にコバルトの溶媒抽出を行い、 マグネシウム及びコバルトイオンの負荷マグネシウム抽出剤と、第2の不溶解 物とを生成するために、マグネシウム抽出剤を用い第1の不溶解物に対するマグ ネシウムの溶媒抽出を行い、 ニッケルの負荷抽出剤及び第3の不溶解物を生成するために、ニッケル抽出剤 を用い第2の不溶解物に対するニッケルの溶媒抽出を行う工程からなる請求項5 8記載の方法。 63.さらに、それぞれコバルト及びニッケルの負荷抽出剤を、コバルト及び ニッケル溶液を生成するために、ストリッピングする工程からなる請求項62記 載の方法。 64.さらに、コバルト及びニッケル溶液を、そこからコバルト及びニッケル を回収するために、電解抽出に供する請求項63記載の方法。 65.さらに、マグネシウム抽出剤を、マグネシウム及びコバルトイオンを含 む充満された溶液を生成するためにストリッピングし、 充満された溶液を選択的沈殿処理にリサイクルする工程からなる請求項63記 載の方法。 66.前記コバルト抽出剤は、マグネシウム抽出剤と同じであり、該抽出剤は マグネシウムためよりもコバルトのためにより選択的である請求項62記載の方 法。 67.前記溶媒抽出は、 コバルト溶液及び第1の不溶解物を生成するために、約6乃至8のpHでコバ ルトの溶媒抽出を行い、 ニッケル溶液及び第2の不溶解物を生成するために、コバルトの溶媒抽出と実 質的に同一のpHで第1の不溶解物に対するニッケルの溶媒抽出を行う工程から なる請求項59記載の方法。 68.コバルトイオンの負荷コバルト抽出剤と、溶液中にニッケル及びマグネ シウムイオンを含む第1の不溶解物とを生成するために、コバルト抽出剤を用い 、マグネシウムイオンの存在下にコバルトの溶媒抽出を行い、 マグネシウム及びコバルトイオンの負荷マグネシウム抽出剤と、第2の不溶解 物とを生成するために、マグネシウム抽出剤を用い第1の不溶解物に対するマグ ネシウムの溶媒抽出を行い、 ニッケルの負荷抽出剤と、第3の不溶解物とを生成するために、ニッケル抽出 剤を用い第2の不溶解物に対するニッケルの溶媒抽出を行う工程からなる溶液か らのNi/Co成分の抽出のための方法。 69.さらに、それぞれコバルト及びニッケルの負荷抽出剤を、コバルト及び ニッケル溶液を生成するためにストリッピングする工程からなる請求項68記載 の方法。 70.前記ストリッピングの前に、コバルトの負荷抽出剤は、ストリッピング からリサイクルされるコバルト精鉱溶液により洗浄される請求項69記載の方法 。 71.さらに、コバルト及びニッケル溶液を、そこからコバルト及びニッケル を回収するために、電解抽出に供する工程からなる請求項70記載の方法。 72.さらに、マグネシウム抽出剤を、マグネシウム及びコバルトイオンを含 む充満された溶液を生成するためにストリッピングする工程からなる請求項71 記載の方法。 73.マグネシウム抽出剤をストリッピングする前に、マグネシウム抽出剤は マグネシウム抽出剤のストリッピングからリサイクルされる充満された溶液から なるマグネシウムの精鉱溶液により洗浄される請求項72記載の方法。 74.前記コバルト抽出剤は、マグネシウム抽出剤と同じであり、該抽出剤は マグネシウムためよりもコバルトのためにより選択的である請求項68記載の方 法。 75.前記溶媒抽出は、 コバルト溶液及び第1の不溶解物を生成するために、約6乃至8のpHでコバ ルトの溶媒抽出を行い、 ニッケル溶液及び第2の不溶解物を生成するために、コバルトの溶媒抽出と実 質的に同一のpHで第1の不溶解物に対するニッケルの溶媒抽出を行う請求項6 8記載の方法。
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PCT/CA1996/000365 WO1996041029A2 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 1996-06-07 | Chloride assisted hydrometallurgical extraction of nickel and cobalt from sulphide ores |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2008518093A (ja) * | 2004-10-21 | 2008-05-29 | アングロ オペレーションズ リミティッド | 鉱石からの有価金属回収のための塩酸存在下での浸出方法 |
JP2013151717A (ja) * | 2012-01-24 | 2013-08-08 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 高純度硫酸ニッケルの製造方法、及びニッケルを含む溶液からの不純物元素除去方法 |
JP2017025367A (ja) * | 2015-07-21 | 2017-02-02 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 高純度硫酸ニッケル水溶液の製造方法 |
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