JPH1010767A - Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge with same and electrophotographic device - Google Patents
Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge with same and electrophotographic deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH1010767A JPH1010767A JP18164396A JP18164396A JPH1010767A JP H1010767 A JPH1010767 A JP H1010767A JP 18164396 A JP18164396 A JP 18164396A JP 18164396 A JP18164396 A JP 18164396A JP H1010767 A JPH1010767 A JP H1010767A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrophotographic
- photosensitive member
- electrophotographic photosensitive
- charging
- general formula
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、電子写真感光体、
該電子写真感光体を有するプロセスカ−トリッジ及び電
子写真装置に関する。The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor,
The present invention relates to a process cartridge having the electrophotographic photosensitive member and an electrophotographic apparatus.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】電子写真方法において、例えばセレン、
硫化カドミウム、酸化亜鉛、アモルファスシリコン、有
機光導電体等を用いた電子写真感光体に帯電、露光、現
像、転写、クリ−ニング等の基本的プロセスを行うこと
により画像を得る際、帯電プロセスは従来より殆ど金属
ワイヤ−に高電圧（ＤＣ、５〜８ＫＶ）を印加し、発生
するコロナにより帯電を行っている。しかし、この方法
ではコロナ発生時にオゾンやＮＯX等のコロナ生成物に
より感光体表面を変質させ、画像ボケや劣化を進行させ
たり、ワイヤ−の汚れが画像品質に影響し、画像白抜け
や黒スジを生じる等の問題があった。特に感光層が有機
光導電体を主体として構成される電子写真感光体は、他
のセレン感光体やアモルファスシリコン感光体に比べて
化学的安定性が低く、コロナ生成物にさらされると化学
反応（主に酸化反応）が起こり、劣化し易い傾向にあ
る。従って、コロナ帯電下で繰り返し使用した場合には
前述の劣化による画像ボケや感度の低下によるコピ−濃
度薄が起こり、耐印刷寿命が短くなる傾向にあった。ま
た、コロナ帯電では電力的にも感光体に向かう電流がそ
の５〜３０％に過ぎず、殆どがシ−ルド板に流れ帯電手
段として効率の悪いものであった。2. Description of the Related Art In an electrophotographic method, for example, selenium,
When an image is obtained by performing basic processes such as charging, exposure, development, transfer, and cleaning on an electrophotographic photosensitive member using cadmium sulfide, zinc oxide, amorphous silicon, an organic photoconductor, etc., the charging process is as follows. Conventionally, a high voltage (DC, 5 to 8 KV) is applied to a metal wire and charging is performed by a corona generated. However, in this method denature the surface of the photosensitive member by corona products such as ozone and NO X during corona generation, or allowed to proceed image blurring or deterioration, wire - dirt affect the image quality of the image white spots and black There were problems such as streaking. In particular, the electrophotographic photoreceptor in which the photosensitive layer is mainly composed of an organic photoconductor has lower chemical stability than other selenium photoreceptors and amorphous silicon photoreceptors, and when exposed to a corona product, a chemical reaction ( (Mainly an oxidation reaction), which tends to cause deterioration. Therefore, when repeatedly used under corona charging, image blurring due to the above-described deterioration and a low copy density due to a decrease in sensitivity tend to occur, and the printing life tends to be shortened. In corona charging, the electric current flowing toward the photoreceptor was only 5 to 30% of the electric power, and almost all of the electric current flowed to the shield plate and was inefficient as charging means.
【０００３】このような問題を補うために、コロナ放電
器利用しない特開昭５７−１７８２６７号公報、特開昭
５６−１０４３５１号公報、特開昭５８−４０５６６号
公報、特開昭５８−１３９１５６号公報、特開昭５８−
１５０９７５号公報等に提案されているように、接触帯
電させる方法が研究されている。具体的には感光体表面
に１〜２ＫＶ程度の直流電圧を外部より印加した導電性
弾性ロ−ラ−等の帯電部材を接触させることにより感光
体表面を所定の電位に帯電させるものである。しかしな
がら、直接帯電方法は多数の提案があるにも拘らず市場
実績は限られている。その理由としては帯電の不均一
性、直接電圧を印加することによる感光体の放電絶縁破
壊の発生が原因として挙げられる。帯電の不均一性は、
感光体表面の各部に均一な帯電がなされず、斑点状やス
ジ状の帯電ムラを生じてしまうもので、正現像方式の場
合に起こる白ポチ（ベタ黒画像に白い斑点やスジが現れ
る現象）または反転現像方式の場合に起こるカブリとい
った画像欠陥になる。In order to compensate for such a problem, JP-A-57-178267, JP-A-56-104351, JP-A-58-40566, and JP-A-58-139156 do not use a corona discharger. No., JP-A-58-
As proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 150975 and the like, a method of contact charging has been studied. Specifically, the surface of the photoconductor is charged to a predetermined potential by contacting the surface of the photoconductor with a charging member such as a conductive elastic roller to which a DC voltage of about 1 to 2 KV is externally applied. However, the direct charging method has limited market performance despite many proposals. The reasons include non-uniform charging and the occurrence of discharge breakdown of the photoreceptor due to direct application of voltage. The non-uniformity of electrification is
White spots (a phenomenon in which white spots and streaks appear on a solid black image) occur in the case of the positive development method because uniform charging is not performed on each part of the photoreceptor surface, causing spot-like or streak-like charging unevenness. Alternatively, image defects such as fogging that occur in the case of the reversal development method are caused.
【０００４】このような問題点を解決して帯電の均一性
を向上させるために、直流電圧に交流電圧を重畳して帯
電用部材に印加する方法が提案されている（特開昭６３
−１４９６６８号公報）。この帯電方法は、直流電圧に
交流電圧を重畳することによって脈流電圧を印加して均
一な帯電を行うものである。この場合、帯電の均一性を
保持して、正現像方式における白ポチ、反転現像方式に
おける黒ポチ、カブリといった画像欠陥を防ぐために
は、重畳する交流電圧が、直流電圧の２倍以上のピ−ク
間電位差を持っていることが必要である。しかしなが
ら、画像欠陥を防ぐために、重畳する交流電圧を上げて
いくと、脈流電圧の最大印加電圧によって、感光体内部
の僅かな欠陥部位において放電絶縁破壊が起こってしま
う。特に感光体が絶縁耐圧の低いＯＰＣ感光体の場合に
は、この絶縁破壊が著しい。更には、放電により感光体
表面層を構成する樹脂等が変性し、耐摩耗性の低下を引
き起こす。これにより繰り返し使用した際に表面層の摩
耗量が増加し、感光体の寿命を縮めてしまう。また、放
電は、表面層膜厚の薄いところにより強くなることか
ら、繰り返し使用において生じた摩耗傷等の部分は、帯
電劣化（変性）が生じ易くなり、表面層の凹凸をより大
きくしてしまう。この凹凸は、その凹凸から生じる電位
差による画像濃度差を生じさせるばかりでなく、ブレ−
ドクリ−ニングで未転写トナ−を十分に除去できなくな
り（所謂、トナ−のすり抜け）、そのトナ−が帯電ロ−
ラ−に付着してしまい帯電の不均一を発生してしまい、
画像不良が生じ易くなる。In order to solve such problems and improve the uniformity of charging, there has been proposed a method in which an AC voltage is superimposed on a DC voltage and applied to a charging member (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho 63).
-149668). This charging method performs a uniform charging by applying a pulsating voltage by superimposing an AC voltage on a DC voltage. In this case, in order to maintain the uniformity of charging and prevent image defects such as white spots in the normal development system and black spots and fog in the reversal development system, the peak voltage of the superimposed AC voltage is twice or more the DC voltage. It is necessary to have a potential difference between the coils. However, if the AC voltage to be superimposed is increased to prevent image defects, discharge breakdown occurs at a small defective portion inside the photoconductor due to the maximum applied voltage of the pulsating voltage. In particular, when the photoconductor is an OPC photoconductor having a low withstand voltage, this dielectric breakdown is remarkable. Further, the resin or the like constituting the photoreceptor surface layer is denatured by the discharge, causing a decrease in wear resistance. This increases the amount of wear of the surface layer when used repeatedly, and shortens the life of the photoconductor. In addition, since the discharge becomes stronger when the thickness of the surface layer is small, a portion such as abrasion scratches caused by repeated use is liable to cause charge deterioration (denaturation), and the unevenness of the surface layer is further increased. . The unevenness not only causes an image density difference due to a potential difference generated by the unevenness, but also causes a blur.
The uncleaned toner cannot be sufficiently removed by the cleaning (so-called slipping of the toner), and the toner is charged by the charging roller.
The toner adheres to the lines, causing uneven charging.
Image defects are likely to occur.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、帯電
用部材から電圧を印加して電子写真感光体を帯電させる
系において、感光体の摩耗を抑え、帯電の不均一、リ−
ク等を防ぎ、更に繰り返し使用時に生ずる表面層の削れ
量の差（部位による膜厚差から生じる凹凸）を抑制し、
トナ−クリ−ニングの不良を防ぎ、それによる帯電ロ−
ラ−汚れ、帯電不均一をことができる、帯電部材から電
圧を印加して電子写真感光体を帯電する方式に適した電
子写真感光体を提供すること、また、該電子写真感光体
を用いるプロセスカ−トリッジ及び電子写真装置を提供
することである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a system for charging an electrophotographic photosensitive member by applying a voltage from a charging member, thereby suppressing abrasion of the photosensitive member, making the charge nonuniform, and improving the rechargeability.
The difference in the amount of shaving of the surface layer caused by repeated use (irregularities resulting from the difference in film thickness depending on the site) is also suppressed,
Prevents poor toner cleaning, resulting in low charging
To provide an electrophotographic photosensitive member suitable for a method of charging an electrophotographic photosensitive member by applying a voltage from a charging member and capable of causing stains and uneven charging, and a process using the electrophotographic photosensitive member. An object of the present invention is to provide a cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は電子写真感光体
と該電子写真感光体に接触配置された帯電用部材を有
し、該電子写真感光体に帯電用部材から電圧を印加する
事により帯電される電子写真装置に装着される電子写真
感光体において、該電子写真感光体の表面層が、下記一
般式（１）で示される構成単位と下記一般式（２）で示
され構成単位と下記一般式（３）で示される構成単位を
有する共重合体を含有することを特徴とする電子写真感
光体から構成される。一般式（１）The present invention comprises an electrophotographic photosensitive member and a charging member arranged in contact with the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and by applying a voltage from the charging member to the electrophotographic photosensitive member. In an electrophotographic photosensitive member mounted on an electrophotographic apparatus to be charged, a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a structural unit represented by the following general formula (1) and a structural unit represented by the following general formula (2). The electrophotographic photosensitive member is characterized by containing a copolymer having a structural unit represented by the following general formula (3). General formula (1)
【化５】 またはシクロアルキレン基を示し、また、Ｘは単結合ま
たはビフェニル基を示す。Ｒ1〜Ｒ8は水素原子、ハロゲ
ン原子または炭素数１〜４のアルキル基を示す。一般式
（２）Embedded image Or X represents a cycloalkylene group, and X represents a single bond or a biphenyl group. R 1 to R 8 represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. General formula (2)
【化６】 式中、Ｒ11〜Ｒ18は水素原子、ハロゲン原子または炭素
数１〜４のアルキル基を示す。一般式（３）Embedded image In the formula, R 11 to R 18 represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. General formula (3)
【化７】 式中、Ｒ19は炭素数２〜６のアルキレン基または炭素数
２〜６のアルキリデン基、Ｒ20〜Ｒ23は炭素数１〜３の
アルキル基、フェニル基または置換フェニル基、ｎは１
〜２００の整数を示す。Embedded image In the formula, R 19 is an alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkylidene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, R 20 to R 23 are an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a phenyl group or a substituted phenyl group, and n is 1
Shows an integer of ~ 200.
【０００７】一般式（１）で示される構成単位の具体例
を構成単位例（１）−１〜（１）−１２として表１〜２
に示すが、これらに限られるものではない。Tables 1 and 2 show specific examples of the structural unit represented by the general formula (1) as structural unit examples (1) -1 to (1) -12.
However, the present invention is not limited to these.
【表１】 [Table 1]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【０００８】一般式（２）で示される構成単位の具体例
を構成単位例（２）−１〜（２）−７として表３に示す
が、これらに限られるものではない。Specific examples of the structural unit represented by the general formula (2) are shown in Table 3 as structural unit examples (2) -1 to (2) -7, but are not limited thereto.
【表３】 [Table 3]
【０００９】一般式（３）で示される構成単位の具体例
を構成単位例（３）−１〜（３）−７として表４〜５に
示すが、これらに限られるものではない。Specific examples of the structural unit represented by the general formula (3) are shown in Tables 4 and 5 as structural unit examples (3) -1 to (3) -7, but are not limited thereto.
【表４】 [Table 4]
【表５】 [Table 5]
【００１０】本発明において用いられる一般式（１）、
（２）及び（３）で示される構成単位を有する共重合体
は、下記一般式（５）で示されるビスフェノ−ル同志
と、下記一般式（６）で示されるビスフェノ−ルをホス
ゲン、炭酸エステルまたはクロロホ−メ−ト等の存在
下、界面重合させることによって得ることができる。一
般式（５）で示されるビスフェノ−ルThe general formula (1) used in the present invention,
The copolymers having the structural units represented by (2) and (3) can be obtained by combining bisphenols represented by the following general formula (5) and bisphenols represented by the following general formula (6) with phosgene and carbonic acid. It can be obtained by interfacial polymerization in the presence of an ester or a chloroformate. Bisphenol represented by the general formula (5)
【化８】 またはシクロアルキレン基を示し、また、Ｂは単結合ま
たはビフェニル基を示す。Ｒ34〜Ｒ41は水素原子、ハロ
ゲン原子または炭素数１〜４のアルキル基を示す。Embedded image Or B represents a cycloalkylene group, and B represents a single bond or a biphenyl group. R 34 to R 41 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
【００１１】一般式（６）で示されるビスフェノ−ルBisphenol represented by the general formula (6)
【化９】 式中、Ｒ19〜Ｒ23は一般式（３）におけると同義であ
る。Embedded image In the formula, R 19 to R 23 have the same meaning as in general formula (3).
【００１２】本発明の電子写真感光体は、接触配置され
た帯電用部材により電圧を印加される方式において、感
光体の摩耗量を低く抑えることが可能である。帯電用部
材によって印加され、帯電される際には、感光体と帯電
用部材との接触部近傍の微小空間にて行われる。この空
間において放電やイオンの発生等、高エネルギ−が発生
し、感光体表面の樹脂分子鎖を切断してしまう。切断さ
れた分子鎖は膜強度の低下から摩耗が大きくなってしま
う。また、表面層膜厚の差は薄膜の部位程印加電流量が
増すことから、より分子鎖切断が助長されるため、より
膜厚差を生じ易くなるが、耐摩耗性を向上させることに
より、その差分を極力少なくできる。In the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention, the amount of abrasion of the photoreceptor can be suppressed to a low level in a system in which a voltage is applied by a charging member arranged in contact. When being applied and charged by the charging member, the charging is performed in a minute space near a contact portion between the photoconductor and the charging member. In this space, high energy such as electric discharge and generation of ions is generated, and the resin molecular chains on the surface of the photoconductor are cut. The cut molecular chains are subject to greater wear due to a decrease in film strength. In addition, since the difference in the surface layer thickness is such that the applied current amount increases as the portion of the thin film increases, the molecular chain cutting is further promoted, so that the difference in the film thickness is more likely to occur, but by improving the wear resistance, The difference can be minimized.
【００１３】本発明の電子写真感光体においては、分子
中に、分子切断の生じ易い部位に結合力の強い炭素−フ
ッ素結合の置換基を導入し、更には、放電に対して強い
ケイ素を導入することにより、帯電時の分子鎖切断を低
減させた。また、フッ素、ケイ素を導入することによ
り、分子の強度は増加したが、感光体表面層としての使
用においては更に強じん性を持たせるために、本発明に
おけるように３種の共重合体とすることが良好の結果を
与える。In the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention, a substituent having a strong carbon-fluorine bond is introduced into a molecule at a site where the molecule is apt to be broken, and further, silicon which is strong against discharge is introduced. By doing so, molecular chain breakage during charging was reduced. Further, although the strength of the molecule was increased by introducing fluorine and silicon, in order to have more toughness in use as a photoreceptor surface layer, three types of copolymers were used as in the present invention. Will give good results.
【００１４】このような作用から、更には、繰り返し使
用時の感光体表面の凹凸を低く抑えられることから、ク
リ−ニングブレ−ドのトナ−すり抜けが無くなり、ブレ
−ド圧の設定を低圧にできるため、より摩耗量を下げら
れる。[0014] In addition to the above effects, the unevenness of the photoreceptor surface during repeated use can be suppressed low, so that the cleaning blade does not slip through the toner and the blade pressure can be set at a low pressure. Therefore, the wear amount can be further reduced.
【００１５】更に、帯電用部材によって帯電する方式に
おいては、帯電用部材が汚染されると均一帯電の妨げと
なってしまうが、本発明においては感光体の凹凸を極力
小さくすることが可能であるため、クリ−ニング性能の
低下を抑えることができ、更にはクリ−ニングブレ−ド
をする抜けたトナ−によって帯電用部材が汚染されるこ
とがないため、常に均一な帯電が可能となる。Further, in the method of charging by the charging member, even if the charging member is contaminated, uniform charging is hindered. However, in the present invention, the unevenness of the photosensitive member can be minimized. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in cleaning performance, and furthermore, the charging member is not contaminated by the removed toner that is subjected to the cleaning blade, so that uniform charging is always possible.
【００１６】また、本発明の電子写真感光体の表面層を
より効果的に用いる方法の一つとして前記共重合体と下
記一般式（４）で示されるホモポリマ−をブレンドする
ことがある。One of the more effective methods of using the surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention is to blend the above copolymer with a homopolymer represented by the following general formula (4).
【化１０】 式中、Ｒ24及びＲ25は水素原子、ハロゲン原子または炭
素数１〜１０のアルキル基及び炭素数１〜１０のハロゲ
ン置換アルキル基またはフェニル基、更にＲ24及びＲ25
は結合する炭素原子と共にシクロアルキレン基を示し、
Ｒ26〜Ｒ33は水素原子、ハロゲン原子または炭素数１〜
４のアルキル基を示す。ホモポリマ−としては表１〜３
で示した構造のものが代表例であり、更には、表６〜７
で示す一般式（４）で示されるホモポリマ−の具体例
（４）−１〜（４）−１３が挙げられるが、これらに限
られることはない。Embedded image In the formula, R 24 and R 25 are a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and a halogen-substituted alkyl group or phenyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and further, R 24 and R 25
Represents a cycloalkylene group together with a bonding carbon atom,
R 26 to R 33 each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a carbon atom
4 represents an alkyl group. Tables 1 to 3 are homopolymers.
Are typical examples, and Tables 6 and 7
Specific examples (4) -1 to (4) -13 of the homopolymer represented by the general formula (4) shown by the following formula (4), but are not limited thereto.
【表６】 [Table 6]
【表７】 [Table 7]
【００１７】本発明の電子写真感光体は、感光層が電荷
発生物質と電荷輸送物質を同一の層に含有する単層型で
あっても、電荷発生物質を含有する電荷発生層と電荷輸
送物質を含有する電荷輸送層を積層した機能分離型でも
よいが、電子写真感光体に要求される諸特性を満足する
ためには機能分離型の電子写真感光体が好ましい。In the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention, even if the photosensitive layer is a single layer containing a charge generating substance and a charge transporting substance in the same layer, the charge generating layer containing the charge generating substance and the charge transporting substance May be used, but a function-separated type electrophotographic photosensitive member is preferable in order to satisfy various characteristics required for the electrophotographic photosensitive member.
【００１８】また、必要に応じて、表面保護層として結
着剤組成物を使用することもできる。結着剤組成物を表
面保護層として使用する場合には、適用する電子写真プ
ロセスに応じた電気特性を付与するために酸化スズ、酸
化インジウム、ＩＴＯ、酸化チタン等の導電性粉体もし
くはこれらの混合物あるいは電荷輸送物質を添加するこ
ともできる。その添加量としては結着剤組成物に対して
１〜５０重量％である。表面保護層には更にテトラフル
オロエチレン粒子等の潤滑剤を添加してもよい。If necessary, a binder composition may be used as a surface protective layer. When the binder composition is used as a surface protective layer, tin oxide, indium oxide, ITO, a conductive powder such as titanium oxide or the like for imparting electric characteristics according to the applied electrophotographic process. Mixtures or charge transport materials can also be added. The amount added is 1 to 50% by weight based on the binder composition. A lubricant such as tetrafluoroethylene particles may be further added to the surface protective layer.
【００１９】本発明の電子写真感光体を作成する場合、
導電性支持体としてはアルミニウム、ステンレス等の金
属や合金、紙、プラスチック等が用いられる、その形状
は円筒状シリンダ−またはフィルム等適用される電子写
真装置に応じて任意に選択される。When preparing the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention,
As the conductive support, a metal or alloy such as aluminum or stainless steel, paper, plastic, or the like is used. The shape of the conductive support is arbitrarily selected depending on the electrophotographic apparatus to be applied, such as a cylindrical cylinder or a film.
【００２０】導電性支持体の上にバリア−機能と接着機
能を持つ下引き層を形成することができる。下引き層は
感光層の接着性改良、塗工性改良、支持体の保護、支持
体上の欠陥の被覆、支持体からの電荷注入性改良、感光
層の電気的破壊に対する保護等のために形成される。下
引き層の材料としてはポリビニルアルコ−ル、ポリ−Ｎ
−ビニルイミダゾ−ル、ポリエチレンオキシド、エチル
セルロ−ス、エチレン−アクリル酸共重合体、カゼイ
ン、ポリアミド、Ｎ−メトキシメチル化六ナイロン、共
重合ナイロン、にかわ、ゼラチン等が知られている。こ
れ等はそれぞれに適した溶剤に溶解されて支持体上に塗
布される。膜厚は０．１〜２μｍ程度が好ましい。An undercoat layer having a barrier function and an adhesive function can be formed on the conductive support. The undercoat layer is used for improving the adhesion of the photosensitive layer, improving the coating properties, protecting the support, covering defects on the support, improving the charge injection property from the support, protecting the photosensitive layer from electrical breakdown, etc. It is formed. Polyvinyl alcohol, poly-N
-Vinyl imidazole, polyethylene oxide, ethyl cellulose, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, casein, polyamide, N-methoxymethylated nylon 6, copolymer nylon, glue, gelatin and the like are known. These are dissolved in a suitable solvent and applied on a support. The thickness is preferably about 0.1 to 2 μm.
【００２１】電荷発生物質としては、セレン、セレン−
テルル、ピリリウム系、チアピリリウム系染料、各種の
中心金属及び結晶系、具体的には、例えばα、β、γ、
ε、χ型等の結晶型を有するフタロシアニン顔料、アン
トアントロン顔料、ジベンズピレンキノン顔料、ピラン
トロン顔料、トリスアゾ顔料、ジスアゾ顔料、モノアゾ
顔料、インジゴ顔料、キナクリドン顔料、非対称キノシ
アニン顔料、キノシアニンあるいは特開昭５４−１４３
６４５号公報に記載のアモルファスシリコ−ン等が挙げ
られる。Selenium, selenium-
Tellurium, pyrylium-based, thiapyrylium-based dyes, various central metals and crystalline systems, specifically, for example, α, β, γ,
Phthalocyanine pigments having crystal forms such as ε and χ, anthantrone pigments, dibenzopyrene quinone pigments, pyranthrone pigments, trisazo pigments, disazo pigments, monoazo pigments, indigo pigments, quinacridone pigments, asymmetric quinocyanine pigments, quinocyanines or 54-143
No. 645, amorphous silicon and the like.
【００２２】機能分離型感光体の場合、電荷発生層は前
記の電荷発生物質を０．３〜４倍量の結着剤樹脂及び溶
剤と共にホモジナイザ−、超音波分散、ボ−ルミル、振
動ボ−ルミル、サンドミル、アトライタ−及びロ−ルミ
ル等の方法でよく分散し、分散液を塗布、乾燥して形成
される。膜厚は５μｍ以下、特に０．１〜２μｍの範囲
が好ましい。In the case of a function-separated type photoreceptor, the charge generation layer is formed by mixing the above-mentioned charge generation material with a binder resin and a solvent in an amount of 0.3 to 4 times the amount of a homogenizer, an ultrasonic dispersion, a ball mill, and a vibration ball. And well-dispersed by a method such as a mill, a sand mill, an attritor, a roll mill, etc., and a dispersion is applied and dried to form a film. The film thickness is preferably 5 μm or less, particularly preferably in the range of 0.1 to 2 μm.
【００２３】電荷輸送物質としては、ピレン、Ｎ−エチ
ルカルバゾ−ル、Ｎ−イソプロピルカルバゾ−ル、Ｎ−
メチル−Ｎ−フェニルヒドラジノ−３−メチリデン−９
−エチルカルバゾ−ル、Ｎ，Ｎ−ジフェニルヒドラジノ
−３−メチリデン−９−エチルカルバゾ−ル等のカルバ
ゾ−ル系化合物、Ｎ，Ｎ−ジフェニルヒドラジノ−３−
メチリデン−１０−エチルフェノチアジン、Ｎ，Ｎ−ジ
フェニルヒドラジノ−３−メチリデン−１０−エチルフ
ェノキサジン、ｐ−ジエチルアミノベンズアルデヒド−
Ｎ，Ｎ−ジフェニルヒドラゾン、ｐ−ジエチルアミノベ
ンズアルデヒド−Ｎ−α−ナフチル−Ｎ−フェニルヒド
ラゾン、ｐ−ピロリジノベンズアルデヒド−Ｎ，Ｎ−ジ
フェニルヒドラゾン、１，３，３−トリメチルインドレ
ニン−ω−アルデヒド−Ｎ，Ｎ−ジフェニルヒドラゾ
ン、ｐ−ジエチルベンズアルデヒド−３−メチルベンズ
チアゾリノン−２−ヒドラゾン等のヒドラゾン系化合
物、２，５−ビス（ｐ−ジエチルアミノフェニル）−
１，３，４−オキサジアゾ−ル、１−フェニル−３−
（ｐ−ジエチルアミノスチリル）−５−（ｐ−ジエチル
アミノフェニル）ピラゾリン、−３−（ｐ−ジエチルア
ミノスチリル）−５−（ｐ−ジエチルアミノフェニル）
ピラゾリン、１−［ピリジル（２）］−３−（ｐ−ジエ
チルアミノスチリル）−５−（ｐ−ジエチルアミノフェ
ニル）ピラゾリン、１−［６−メトキシ−ピリジル
（２）］−３−（ｐ−ジエチルアミノスチリル）−５−
（ｐ−ジエチルアミノフェニル）ピラゾリン、１−［ピ
リジル（３）］−３−（ｐ−ジエチルアミノスチリル）
−５−（ｐ−ジエチルアミノフェニル）ピラゾリン、１
−［ピリジル（２）］−３−（ｐ−ジエチルアミノスチ
リル）−４−メチル−５−（ｐ−ジエチルアミノフェニ
ル）ピラゾリン、１−［ピリジル（２）］−３−（α−
メチル−ｐ−ジエチルアミノスチリル）−５−（ｐ−ジ
エチルアミノフェニル）ピラゾリン、１−フェニル−３
−（ｐ−ジエチルアミノスチリル）−４−メチル−５−
（Ｐ−ジエチルアミノフェニル）ピラゾリン、１−フェ
ニル−３−（α−ベンジル−ｐ−ジエチルアミノスチリ
ル）−５−（ｐ−ジエチルアミノフェニル）ピラゾリ
ン、スピロピラゾリン等のピラゾリン系化合物、２−
（ｐ−ジエチルアミノスチリル）−６−ジエチルアミノ
ベンズオキサゾ−ル、２−（ｐ−ジエチルアミノスチリ
ル）−４−（ｐ−ジメチルアミノフェニル）−５−（２
−クロロフェニル）オキサゾ−ル等のオキサゾ−ル系化
合物、２−（ｐ−ジエチルアミノスチリル）−６−ジエ
チルアミノベンズチアゾ−ル等のチアゾ−ル系化合物、
ビス（４−ジエチルアミノ−２−メチルフェニル）フェ
ニルメタン等のトリアリ−ルメタン系化合物、１，１−
ビス（４−Ｎ，Ｎ−ジエチルアミノ−２−メチルフェニ
ル）ヘプタン、１，１，２，２−テトラキス−４−Ｎ，
Ｎ−ジメチルアミノ−２−メチルフェニル）エタン等の
ポリアリ−ルアルカン系化合物が挙げられる。As the charge transporting substance, pyrene, N-ethylcarbazole, N-isopropylcarbazole, N-
Methyl-N-phenylhydrazino-3-methylidene-9
Carbazole-based compounds such as -ethylcarbazole, N, N-diphenylhydrazino-3-methylidene-9-ethylcarbazole, N, N-diphenylhydrazino-3-
Methylidene-10-ethylphenothiazine, N, N-diphenylhydrazino-3-methylidene-10-ethylphenoxazine, p-diethylaminobenzaldehyde
N, N-diphenylhydrazone, p-diethylaminobenzaldehyde-N-α-naphthyl-N-phenylhydrazone, p-pyrrolidinobenzaldehyde-N, N-diphenylhydrazone, 1,3,3-trimethylindolenine-ω-aldehyde- Hydrazone compounds such as N, N-diphenylhydrazone and p-diethylbenzaldehyde-3-methylbenzthiazolinone-2-hydrazone; 2,5-bis (p-diethylaminophenyl)-
1,3,4-oxadiazol, 1-phenyl-3-
(P-diethylaminostyryl) -5- (p-diethylaminophenyl) pyrazolin, -3- (p-diethylaminostyryl) -5- (p-diethylaminophenyl)
Pyrazoline, 1- [pyridyl (2)]-3- (p-diethylaminostyryl) -5- (p-diethylaminophenyl) pyrazolin, 1- [6-methoxy-pyridyl (2)]-3- (p-diethylaminostyryl) ) -5
(P-diethylaminophenyl) pyrazolin, 1- [pyridyl (3)]-3- (p-diethylaminostyryl)
-5- (p-diethylaminophenyl) pyrazoline, 1
-[Pyridyl (2)]-3- (p-diethylaminostyryl) -4-methyl-5- (p-diethylaminophenyl) pyrazolin, 1- [pyridyl (2)]-3- (α-
Methyl-p-diethylaminostyryl) -5- (p-diethylaminophenyl) pyrazolin, 1-phenyl-3
-(P-diethylaminostyryl) -4-methyl-5-
Pyrazoline-based compounds such as (P-diethylaminophenyl) pyrazolin, 1-phenyl-3- (α-benzyl-p-diethylaminostyryl) -5- (p-diethylaminophenyl) pyrazolin and spiropyrazolin;
(P-diethylaminostyryl) -6-diethylaminobenzoxazole, 2- (p-diethylaminostyryl) -4- (p-dimethylaminophenyl) -5- (2
Oxazole compounds such as -chlorophenyl) oxazole, thiazole compounds such as 2- (p-diethylaminostyryl) -6-diethylaminobenzthiazole,
Triarylmethane compounds such as bis (4-diethylamino-2-methylphenyl) phenylmethane;
Bis (4-N, N-diethylamino-2-methylphenyl) heptane, 1,1,2,2-tetrakis-4-N,
And polyarylalkane compounds such as (N-dimethylamino-2-methylphenyl) ethane.
【００２４】電荷輸送層は、前記の電荷輸送物質と結着
剤樹脂を溶剤に溶解して得られた塗布液を塗布、乾燥し
て形成されるする。電荷輸送物質と結着剤樹脂との混合
割合は２：１〜１：２程度が好ましく、また、溶剤とし
てはトルエン、キシレンあるいはクロロベンゼン等の芳
香族系溶剤の他、ジオキサン、テトラヒドロフラン、テ
トラヒドロピラン等の環状エ−テル類も使用可能であ
る。この塗布液を塗布する方法は、例えば浸漬コ−ティ
ング法、スプレ−コ−ティング法、カ−テンコ−ルコ−
ティング法、スピンコ−ティング法等が知られている。
電子写真感光体を効率よく大量生産するには浸漬コ−テ
ィング法が最良であり、本発明において用いる共重合体
を使用する浸漬塗布は可能である。塗布後、１０〜２０
０℃、好ましくは２０〜１５０℃で５分〜５時間、好ま
しくは１０分〜２時間の範囲で通風乾燥または制止乾燥
を行い、膜厚５〜３０μｍの電荷輸送層が形成される。The charge transport layer is formed by applying and drying a coating solution obtained by dissolving the charge transport material and the binder resin in a solvent. The mixing ratio of the charge transporting material and the binder resin is preferably about 2: 1 to 1: 2, and the solvent is not only an aromatic solvent such as toluene, xylene or chlorobenzene, but also dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran and the like. Can also be used. The method of applying this coating solution is, for example, a dipping coating method, a spray coating method, a curtain coating method, or the like.
A coating method, a spin coating method and the like are known.
For efficient mass production of electrophotographic photosensitive members, the dip coating method is the best, and dip coating using the copolymer used in the present invention is possible. After application, 10-20
Ventilation drying or controlled drying is performed at 0 ° C., preferably 20 to 150 ° C., for 5 minutes to 5 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 2 hours, to form a charge transport layer having a thickness of 5 to 30 μm.
【００２５】本発明の電子写真感光体は電子写真複写機
に利用するのみならず、レ−ザ−ビムプリンタ−、ＣＲ
Ｔプリンタ−、ＬＥＤプリンタ−、液晶プリンタ−、レ
−ザ−製版等の電子写真応用分野にも広く用いることが
できる。The electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention can be used not only for electrophotographic copying machines but also for laser beam printers, CRs, and the like.
It can be widely used in electrophotographic applications such as T printers, LED printers, liquid crystal printers, and laser plate making.
【００２６】また、本発明は前記本発明の電子写真感光
体、及び帯電手段、現像手段及びクリ−ニング手段から
なる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つの手段を一体に支持
し、電子写真装置本体に着脱自在であることを特徴とす
るプロセスカ−トリッジから構成される。According to the present invention, the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention, and at least one means selected from the group consisting of a charging means, a developing means and a cleaning means are integrally supported and attached to and detached from an electrophotographic apparatus main body. It is composed of a process cartridge characterized by being flexible.
【００２７】また、本発明は、前記本発明の電子写真感
光体、帯電手段、像露光手段、現像手段及び転写手段を
有することを特徴とする電子写真装置から構成される。Further, the present invention comprises an electrophotographic apparatus comprising the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention, a charging unit, an image exposing unit, a developing unit and a transferring unit.
【００２８】図１に本発明の電子写真感光体を有するプ
ロセスカ−トリッジを有する電子写真装置の概略構成を
示す。図において、１はドラム状の本発明の電子写真感
光体であり、じく２を中心に矢印方向に所定の周速度で
回転駆動される。感光体１は回転過程において、一次帯
電手段３によりその周面に正または負の所定電位の均一
帯電を受け、次いで、スリット露光やレ−ザ−ビ−ム走
査露光等の像露光手段（不図示）からの画像露光光４を
受ける。こうして感光体１の周面に静電潜像が順次形成
されていく。FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an electrophotographic apparatus having a process cartridge having the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a drum-shaped electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention, which is driven to rotate at a predetermined peripheral speed in the direction of an arrow around a flick 2. In the rotation process, the photosensitive member 1 is uniformly charged at a predetermined positive or negative potential on the peripheral surface thereof by the primary charging means 3, and then the image exposure means (such as a slit exposure or a laser beam scanning exposure) is used. (See FIG. 1). Thus, an electrostatic latent image is sequentially formed on the peripheral surface of the photoconductor 1.
【００２９】形成された静電潜像は、次いで現像手段５
によりトナ−現像され、現像されたトナ−現像像は、不
図示の給紙部から感光体１と転写手段６との間に感光体
１の回転と同期取りされて給送された転写材７に、転写
手段６により順次転写されていく。像転写を受けた転写
材７は感光体面から分離されて像定着手段８へ導入され
て像定着を受けることにより複写物（コピ−）として装
置外へプリントアウトされる。像転写後の感光体１の表
面は、クリ−ニング手段９によって転写残りトナ−の除
去を受けて清浄面化され、更に前露光手段（不図示）か
らの前露光光１０により除電処理がされた後、繰り返し
画像形成に使用される。なお、一次帯電手段３が帯電ロ
−ラ−等を用いた接触帯電手段である場合は、前露光は
必ずしも必要ではない。The formed electrostatic latent image is then transferred to developing means 5
Is transferred to the transfer material 6 from the paper supply unit (not shown) and fed between the photosensitive member 1 and the transfer means 6 in synchronization with the rotation of the photosensitive member 1. Are sequentially transferred by the transfer means 6. The transfer material 7 having undergone the image transfer is separated from the photoreceptor surface, introduced into the image fixing means 8 and subjected to image fixing, thereby being printed out as a copy (copy) outside the apparatus. The surface of the photoreceptor 1 after the image transfer is cleaned and cleaned by removing the transfer residual toner by the cleaning means 9, and further subjected to a static elimination process by the pre-exposure light 10 from the pre-exposure means (not shown). After that, it is repeatedly used for image formation. When the primary charging means 3 is a contact charging means using a charging roller or the like, pre-exposure is not necessarily required.
【００３０】本発明においては、上述の感光体１、一次
帯電手段３、現像手段５及びクリ−ニング手段９等の構
成要素のうち、複数のものをプロセスカ−トリッジとし
て一体に結合して構成し、このプロセスカ−トリッジを
複写機やレ−ザ−ビ−ムプリンタ−等の電子写真装置本
体に対して着脱可能に構成してもよい。例えば一次帯電
手段３、現像手段５及びクリ−ニング手段９の少なくと
も１つを感光体１と共に一体に支持してカ−トリッジ化
し、装置本体のレ−ル１２等の案内手段を用いて装置本
体に着脱可能なプロセスカ−トリッジ１１とすることが
できる。また、画像露光光４は、電子写真装置が複写機
やプリンタ−である場合には、原稿からの反射光や透過
光を用いる、あるいは、センサ−で原稿を読み取り、信
号化し、この信号に従って行われるレ−ザ−ビ−ムの走
査、ＬＥＤアレイの駆動及び液晶シャッタ−アレイの駆
動等により照射される光である。In the present invention, a plurality of components such as the photoreceptor 1, the primary charging means 3, the developing means 5 and the cleaning means 9 are integrally connected as a process cartridge. Alternatively, the process cartridge may be configured to be detachable from a main body of an electrophotographic apparatus such as a copying machine or a laser beam printer. For example, at least one of the primary charging means 3, the developing means 5 and the cleaning means 9 is integrally supported together with the photoreceptor 1 to form a cartridge, and the apparatus main body is guided by a guide means such as the rail 12 of the apparatus main body. The process cartridge 11 can be detachably mounted on the cartridge. When the electrophotographic apparatus is a copier or a printer, the image exposure light 4 uses reflected light or transmitted light from the original, or reads the original with a sensor and converts it into a signal. This is light emitted by scanning of the laser beam, driving of the LED array, driving of the liquid crystal shutter array, and the like.
【００３１】一方、ファクシミリのプリンタ−として使
用する場合には、画像露光光４は受信デ−タをプリント
するための露光光になる。図２はこの場合の１例をブロ
ック図で示したものである。コントロ−ラ−１４は画像
読取部１３とプリンタ−２２を制御する。コントロ−ラ
−１４の全体はＣＰＵ２０により制御されている。画像
読取部１３からの読取りデ−タは、送信回路１６を通し
て相手局に送信される。相手局から受けたデ−タは受信
回路１５を通してプリンタ−２２に送られる。画像メモ
リには所定の画像デ−タが記憶される。プリンタ−コン
トロ−ラ−２１はプリンタ−２２を制御している。１７
は電話である。回線１８から受信された画像（回線を介
して接続されたリモ−ト端末からの画像情報）は、受信
回路１５で復調された後、ＣＰＵ２０によって画像情報
を複号処理され順次画像メモリ１９に格納される。そし
て、少なくとも１頁の画像が画像メモリ１９に格納され
ると、その頁の画像記録を行う。ＣＰＵ２０は、画像メ
モリ１９から１頁の画像情報を読み出し、プリンタ−コ
ントロ−ラ−２１に複号化された１頁の画像情報を送出
する。プリンタ−コントロ−ラ−２１は、ＣＰＵ２０か
らの１頁の画像情報を受け取ると、その頁の画像情報記
録を行うべくプリンタ−２２を制御する。ＣＰＵ２０
は、プリンタ−２２による記録中に、次ぎの頁の受信を
行っている。このようにして、画像の受信と記録が行わ
れる。On the other hand, when used as a facsimile printer, the image exposure light 4 becomes exposure light for printing received data. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of this case. The controller 14 controls the image reading unit 13 and the printer 22. The entire controller 14 is controlled by the CPU 20. The read data from the image reading unit 13 is transmitted to the partner station through the transmission circuit 16. Data received from the partner station is sent to the printer 22 through the receiving circuit 15. Predetermined image data is stored in the image memory. The printer controller 21 controls the printer 22. 17
Is a telephone. The image received from the line 18 (image information from a remote terminal connected via the line) is demodulated by the receiving circuit 15 and then decoded by the CPU 20 and sequentially stored in the image memory 19. Is done. When the image of at least one page is stored in the image memory 19, the image of the page is recorded. The CPU 20 reads out the image information of one page from the image memory 19 and sends out the decoded image information of one page to the printer-controller-21. When receiving the image information of one page from the CPU 20, the printer controller 21 controls the printer 22 to record the image information of the page. CPU 20
Is receiving the next page during recording by the printer-22. Thus, reception and recording of an image are performed.
【００３２】[0032]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の電子写真感光体は例えば
次のようにして作成される。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention is prepared, for example, as follows.
【００３３】１０％の酸化アンチモンを含有する酸化ス
ズで被覆した導電性酸化チタン粉体、フェノ−ル樹脂、
メチルセロソルブ、メタノ−ル及びシリコ−ンオイル
（ポリジメチルシロキサンポリオキシアルキレン共重合
体サンドミル分散し、導電層用塗料を調製し、この塗料
をのアルミニウムシリンダ−上に浸漬塗布、乾燥して導
電層を形成し、 次に、Ｎ−メトキシメチル化ナイロン
をメタノ−ルに溶解して中間層用塗料を調製し、この塗
料を導電層上に浸漬塗布、乾燥して中間層を形成する。A conductive titanium oxide powder coated with tin oxide containing 10% antimony oxide, a phenol resin,
Methyl cellosolve, methanol, and silicone oil (polydimethylsiloxane polyoxyalkylene copolymer sand mill dispersed to prepare a coating for the conductive layer, and this coating was immersed and coated on an aluminum cylinder and dried to form a conductive layer. Next, N-methoxymethylated nylon is dissolved in methanol to prepare a coating for the intermediate layer, and this coating is dipped on the conductive layer and dried to form an intermediate layer.
【００３４】次に、オキシチタニウムフタロシアニン、
ポリビニルブチラ−ル及びシクロヘキサノンをサンドミ
ル分散し、更に酢酸エチルを加えて電荷発生層用塗料を
調製し、この塗料を中間層の上に浸漬塗布、乾燥して、
電荷発生層を形成する。Next, oxytitanium phthalocyanine,
Polyvinyl butyral and cyclohexanone were dispersed in a sand mill, and ethyl acetate was further added to prepare a coating for the charge generation layer. This coating was immersed on the intermediate layer and dried.
A charge generation layer is formed.
【００３５】次いで、特定の電荷輸送物質、バインダ−
樹脂及び一般式（１）、（２）及び（３）に相当する構
成単位を有する共重合体をジクロロメタン、クロロベン
ゼンの混合溶媒中に溶解し、電荷輸送層用塗料を調製
し、この塗料を電荷発生層上に浸漬塗布乾燥して、電荷
輸送層を形成し、本発明の電子写真感光体を作成するこ
とができる。Next, a specific charge transport material, a binder
The resin and the copolymer having the structural units corresponding to the general formulas (1), (2) and (3) are dissolved in a mixed solvent of dichloromethane and chlorobenzene to prepare a coating for the charge transport layer. The charge transport layer is formed by dip coating and drying on the generating layer to prepare the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention.
【００３６】また、本発明のカ−トリッジは、前記本発
明の電子写真感光体、及び帯電手段、現像手段及びクリ
−ニング手段からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つの
手段を一体に支持し、電子写真装置本体に着脱自在であ
るようにしてなる。Further, the cartridge of the present invention integrally supports at least one means selected from the group consisting of the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention, and a charging means, a developing means and a cleaning means. It is configured to be detachable from the photographic apparatus main body.
【００３７】また、本発明の電子写真感光体を有するプ
ロセスカ−トリッジを有する電子写真装置は、ドラム状
の本発明の電子写真感光体が所定の周速度で回転駆動さ
れる。感光体は回転過程において、一次帯電手段により
その周面に正または負の所定電位の均一帯電を受け、次
いで、スリット露光やレ−ザ−ビ−ム走査露光等の像露
光手段からの画像露光光を受け、こうして感光体の周面
に静電潜像が順次形成され、形成された静電潜像は、次
いで現像手段によりトナ−現像され、現像されたトナ−
現像像は、給紙部から感光体と転写手段との間に感光体
の回転と同期取りされて給送された転写材に、転写手段
により順次転写されていく。像転写を受けた転写材は感
光体面から分離されて像定着手段へ導入されて像定着を
受けることにより複写物（コピ−）として装置外へプリ
ントアウトされる。像転写後の感光体の表面は、クリ−
ニング手段によって転写残りトナ−の除去を受けて清浄
面化され、更に前露光手段からの前露光光により除電処
理がされた後、繰り返し画像形成に使用される。In the electrophotographic apparatus having the process cartridge having the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention, the drum-shaped electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention is driven to rotate at a predetermined peripheral speed. In the rotation process, the photoreceptor is uniformly charged on its peripheral surface with a predetermined positive or negative potential by the primary charging means, and then is subjected to image exposure from image exposure means such as slit exposure or laser beam scanning exposure. Upon receiving the light, an electrostatic latent image is sequentially formed on the peripheral surface of the photoreceptor, and the formed electrostatic latent image is then toner-developed by the developing means, and the developed toner is developed.
The developed image is sequentially transferred by the transfer means to the transfer material fed from the paper supply section between the photoconductor and the transfer means in synchronization with the rotation of the photoconductor. The transfer material having undergone the image transfer is separated from the photoreceptor surface, introduced into an image fixing means, and subjected to image fixing to be printed out as a copy (copy) outside the apparatus. The surface of the photoreceptor after image transfer is clean.
After the transfer residual toner is removed by the polishing means, the surface is cleaned, and after being subjected to a static elimination treatment by the pre-exposure light from the pre-exposure means, it is repeatedly used for image formation.
【００３８】[0038]
実施例１ １０％の酸化アンチモンを含有する酸化スズで被覆した
導電性酸化チタン粉体５０部（重量部、以下同様）、フ
ェノ−ル樹脂２５部、メチルセロソルブ２０部、メタノ
−ル５部及びシリコ−ンオイル（ポリジメチルシロキサ
ンポリオキシアルキレン共重合体、平均分子量３，００
０）０．００２部をφ１ｍｍガラスビ−ズを用いたサン
ドミル装置で２時間分散し、導電層用塗料を調製した。
この塗料を３０φのアルミニウムシリンダ−上に浸漬塗
布し、１４０℃で３０分間乾燥して、膜厚２０μｍの導
電層を形成した。Example 1 50 parts (parts by weight, hereinafter the same) of conductive titanium oxide powder coated with tin oxide containing 10% antimony oxide, 25 parts of phenol resin, 20 parts of methyl cellosolve, 5 parts of methanol, and Silicone oil (polydimethylsiloxane polyoxyalkylene copolymer, average molecular weight 3,000
0) 0.002 parts were dispersed for 2 hours by a sand mill using a φ1 mm glass bead to prepare a coating for a conductive layer.
This paint was applied onto a 30φ aluminum cylinder by dip coating and dried at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a conductive layer having a thickness of 20 μm.
【００３９】次に、Ｎ−メトキシメチル化ナイロン５部
をメタノ−ル９５部中に溶解し、中間層用塗料を調製
し、この塗料を導電層上に浸漬塗布し、１００℃で２０
分間乾燥し、膜厚０．６μｍの中間層を形成した。Next, 5 parts of N-methoxymethylated nylon was dissolved in 95 parts of methanol to prepare a coating for the intermediate layer, and this coating was applied onto the conductive layer by dip coating.
After drying for an minute, an intermediate layer having a thickness of 0.6 μm was formed.
【００４０】次に、ＣｕＫαのＸ線回折におけるブラッ
グ角２θ±０．２度が９．０度、１４．２度、２３．９
度及び２７．１度に強いピ−クを有するオキシチタニウ
ムフタロシアニンを３部、ポリビニルブチラ−ル（商品
名エスレックＢＭ２、積水化学（株）製）２部及びシク
ロヘキサノン３５部をサンドミル装置（前出）で２時間
分散し、その後に酢酸エチル６０部を加えて電荷発生層
用塗料を調製し、この塗料を中間層の上に浸漬塗布し、
１００℃で１５分間乾燥して、膜厚０．２μｍの電荷発
生層を形成した。Next, the Bragg angle 2θ ± 0.2 degrees in X-ray diffraction of CuKα is 9.0 degrees, 14.2 degrees, and 23.9 degrees.
3 parts of oxytitanium phthalocyanine having a strong peak at a temperature of 27.1 degrees, 2 parts of polyvinyl butyral (trade name: SREC BM2, manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 35 parts of cyclohexanone were mixed with a sand mill (see above). ), And then 60 parts of ethyl acetate was added to prepare a coating for the charge generation layer, and this coating was dip-coated on the intermediate layer.
After drying at 100 ° C. for 15 minutes, a charge generation layer having a thickness of 0.2 μm was formed.
【００４１】次いで、下記構造式の化合物８部、Next, 8 parts of a compound having the following structural formula:
【化１１】 下記構造式の化合物２部、Embedded image 2 parts of a compound of the following structural formula,
【化１２】 下記式で示される構成単位からなる重合体（粘度平均分
子量４．０５×１０4）５部、Embedded image 5 parts of a polymer (viscosity average molecular weight 4.05 × 10 4 ) composed of a structural unit represented by the following formula,
【化１３】 下記（ａ）、（ｂ）及び（Ｃ）で示される構成単位から
なり、構成単位（ａ）（構成単位例（１）−１）Embedded image It is composed of the structural units represented by the following (a), (b) and (C), and comprises the structural unit (a) (example of structural unit (1) -1)
【化１４】 構成単位（ｂ）（構成単位例（２）−１）Embedded image Structural unit (b) (Structural unit example (2) -1)
【化１５】 構成単位（ｃ）（構成単位例（３）−５）Embedded image Structural unit (c) (Example of structural unit (3) -5)
【化１６】 構成単位（ａ）成分が共重合体の全重量の４５重量％で
あり、構成単位（ｂ）成分が同じく４５重量％であり、
構成単位（ｃ）成分が同じく１０重量％である共重合体
（粘度平均分子量４．０５×１０4）５部をジクロロメ
タン２０部、クロロベンゼン４０部の混合溶媒中に溶解
し、電荷輸送層用塗料を調製し、この塗料を電荷発生層
上に浸漬塗布し、１２０℃で６０分間乾燥し、膜厚２３
μｍの電荷輸送層を形成し、電子写真感光体を作成し
た。Embedded image The structural unit (a) component is 45% by weight of the total weight of the copolymer, the structural unit (b) component is also 45% by weight,
5 parts of a copolymer (viscosity average molecular weight: 4.05 × 10 4 ) in which the component (c) is also 10% by weight is dissolved in a mixed solvent of 20 parts of dichloromethane and 40 parts of chlorobenzene to prepare a paint for a charge transport layer. This paint is dip-coated on the charge generation layer, dried at 120 ° C. for 60 minutes, and
A μm charge transport layer was formed, and an electrophotographic photoreceptor was prepared.
【００４２】こうして作成した電子写真感光体をレ−ザ
−ビ−ムプリンタ−（商品名ＬＢＰ−ＥＸ、キヤノン
（株）製）に装着し、帯電条件を直流電圧−６５０Ｖ、
交流ピ−ク間電圧１８００Ｖ周波数４８０ＨＺとして耐
久評価をした。５０００枚の印字後、感光体層厚の変化
を膜厚計（商品名パ−マスコ−プＥＣ、Ｋｅｔｔ社製）
で測定した。また、感光体の表面凹凸の平均表面粗さを
表面測定装置（商品名ＳＥ−３３００、小坂研究所
（株）製）で測定した。結果を表８に示す。The electrophotographic photoreceptor thus prepared was mounted on a laser beam printer (trade name: LBP-EX, manufactured by Canon Inc.), and charged under a DC voltage of -650 V,
The durability was evaluated with an AC peak-to-peak voltage of 1800 V and a frequency of 480 Hz. After printing 5,000 sheets, the change in the thickness of the photoreceptor layer is measured by a film thickness meter (trade name: Permascope EC, manufactured by Kett).
Was measured. The average surface roughness of the surface irregularities of the photoreceptor was measured by a surface measuring device (trade name: SE-3300, manufactured by Kosaka Laboratory Co., Ltd.). Table 8 shows the results.
【００４３】実施例２及び３ 共重合時の構成単位（ａ）、（ｂ）及び（ｃ）の成分の
重量比率及び重量部を代えた他は、実施例１と同様にし
て電子写真感光体を作成し、評価した。結果を表８に示
す。Examples 2 and 3 An electrophotographic photoreceptor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight ratios and parts by weight of the components (a), (b) and (c) were changed during copolymerization. Was created and evaluated. Table 8 shows the results.
【００４４】比較例１ 実施例１において、共重合体を用いず、ＰＣ−Ｚのみを
１０部とした他は、実施例１と同様にして電子写真感光
体を作成し、評価した。結果を表８に示す。Comparative Example 1 An electrophotographic photoreceptor was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the copolymer was not used and only 10 parts of PC-Z were used. Table 8 shows the results.
【００４５】比較例２ 実施例１において、ＰＣ−Ｚを５部及び共重合体成分
（ａ）／（ｂ）＝８０／２０の共重合体５部とした他
は、実施例１と同様にして電子写真感光体を作成し、評
価した。結果を表８に示す。Comparative Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, except that 5 parts of PC-Z and 5 parts of a copolymer of copolymer component (a) / (b) = 80/20 were used. To prepare an electrophotographic photosensitive member, and evaluated. Table 8 shows the results.
【００４６】比較例３ 実施例１において、ＰＣ−Ｚを５部及び共重合体成分
（ａ）／（ｃ）の共重合体５部とした他は、実施例１と
同様にして電子写真感光体を作成し、評価した。結果を
表８に示す。Comparative Example 3 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 5 parts of PC-Z and 5 parts of the copolymer (a) / (c) were used. The body was created and evaluated. Table 8 shows the results.
【００４７】[0047]
【表８】 [Table 8]
【００４８】実施例１〜３の電子写真感光体は何れも削
れ量、表面凹凸が少なかった。また、実施例１〜３の電
子写真感光体の使用では５０００枚印字後も良好な画像
であるのに対して、比較例１〜３の電子写真感光体の使
用では感光体回転方向のスジ状の線が入っていた。原因
を検討したところ、帯電ロ−ラ−の汚れが顕著であっ
た。帯電ロ−ラ−に付着した汚れ成分を赤外吸収スペク
トルで分析した結果はトナ−成分であり、感光体の凹凸
及び潤滑性が劣ることによってクリ−ニングブレ−ドを
すり抜けたトナ−であることが分かった。Each of the electrophotographic photosensitive members of Examples 1 to 3 had a small amount of shaving and a small surface irregularity. In addition, when the electrophotographic photosensitive members of Examples 1 to 3 were used, good images were obtained even after printing 5,000 sheets. On the other hand, when the electrophotographic photosensitive members of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were used, streaks in the rotating direction of the photosensitive member were obtained. Line was included. Examination of the cause revealed that the charging roller was contaminated. Analysis of the dirt component adhering to the charging roller by an infrared absorption spectrum shows that the toner component is a toner component, and that the toner has passed through a cleaning blade due to the unevenness and poor lubricity of the photoreceptor. I understood.
【００４９】実施例４〜６ 実施例１と同様にして導電層、中間層及び電荷発生層ま
でを形成した。Examples 4 to 6 In the same manner as in Example 1, a conductive layer, an intermediate layer and a charge generation layer were formed.
【００５０】次いで、下記構造式の化合物１０部、Then, 10 parts of a compound of the following structural formula:
【化１７】 下記構造の構成単位からなる重合体（粘度平均分子量
４．０×１０4）５部、Embedded image 5 parts of a polymer (viscosity average molecular weight 4.0 × 10 4 ) composed of the following structural units,
【化１８】 実施例１で用いた（ａ）、（ｂ）及び（ｃ）の構成単位
の割合を実施例４〜６にそれぞれ対応する割合としてな
る共重合体５部を用いた他は、実施例１と同様にして電
荷輸送層用塗料を調製した。更に、これにテトラフルオ
ロエチレンの粉体（商品名ルブロンＬ２、ダイキン工業
（株）製）０．５部をクロロベンゼンに分散して加え
た。調製した塗料を電荷発生層上に浸漬塗布し、膜厚２
５μｍの電荷輸送層を形成し、実施例４〜６に対応する
それぞれの電子写真感光体を作成した。Embedded image Example 1 was the same as Example 1 except that 5 parts of the copolymer was used in which the proportions of the structural units (a), (b) and (c) used in Example 1 corresponded to the proportions of Examples 4 to 6, respectively. Similarly, a paint for a charge transport layer was prepared. Further, 0.5 part of a powder of tetrafluoroethylene (trade name: Lubron L2, manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.) was added in a dispersed state in chlorobenzene. The prepared paint was applied onto the charge generation layer by dip coating to obtain a film thickness of 2
A 5 μm charge transport layer was formed, and respective electrophotographic photosensitive members corresponding to Examples 4 to 6 were prepared.
【００５１】比較例４ 実施例２において、共重合体を用いず、ＰＣ−Ａのみを
１０部用いた他は、実施例２と同様にして電子写真感光
体を作成した。Comparative Example 4 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2, except that 10 parts of PC-A was used without using the copolymer.
【００５２】実施例４〜６及び比較例４で作成した電子
写真感光体を電子写真複写機（商品名ＮＰ−６０３０、
キヤノン（株）製）を一部改造した機に装着した。改造
点は、一次帯電条件を、直流電圧−７００Ｖに交流ピ−
ク間電圧１４００Ｖ、周波数１０００Ｈｚとした。１０
０００枚迄複写して実施例１と同様に感光体膜厚変化量
及び表面凹凸を測定した。結果を表９に示す。An electrophotographic photoreceptor prepared in Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Example 4 was used as an electrophotographic copying machine (NP-6030, trade name).
(Manufactured by Canon Inc.) was installed on a partially modified machine. The modification point is that the primary charging condition is changed to a DC voltage of -700 V and an AC peak.
The voltage between blocks was 1400 V and the frequency was 1000 Hz. 10
After copying up to 000 sheets, the amount of change in the thickness of the photosensitive member and the surface irregularities were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 9 shows the results.
【００５３】[0053]
【表９】 [Table 9]
【００５４】実施例４〜６で作成した電子写真感光体は
何れも削れ量、表面凹凸が少なかった。また、実施例４
〜６の電子写真感光体の使用では良好な画像が得られた
が、比較例４の電子写真感光体の使用では感光体の凹凸
に起因するスジが画像上に現れた。Each of the electrophotographic photosensitive members prepared in Examples 4 to 6 had a small amount of shaving and small surface irregularities. Example 4
Although good images were obtained by using the electrophotographic photoreceptors of Nos. 6 to 6, the use of the electrophotographic photoreceptor of Comparative Example 4 caused streaks on the image due to the unevenness of the photoreceptor.
【００５５】実施例７ 実施例４と同様にして導電層及び中間層までを形成し
た。Example 7 A conductive layer and an intermediate layer were formed in the same manner as in Example 4.
【００５６】次いで、下記アゾ顔料３部、Next, 3 parts of the following azo pigments,
【化１９】 及び下記構造式の樹脂２部、Embedded image And 2 parts of a resin having the following structural formula,
【化２０】 シクロヘキサノン３５部をφ１ｍｍのガラスビ−ズを用
いたサンドミル装置で６時間分散して、その後にテトラ
ヒドロフラン６０部を加えて電荷発生層用塗料を調製
し、この塗料を中間層上に浸漬塗布して、９０℃、１０
分間乾燥して、膜厚０．２μｍの電荷発生層を形成し
た。Embedded image 35 parts of cyclohexanone was dispersed in a sand mill using a φ1 mm glass bead for 6 hours, and then 60 parts of tetrahydrofuran was added to prepare a coating for a charge generation layer, and this coating was dip-coated on the intermediate layer. 90 ° C, 10
After drying for a minute, a charge generation layer having a thickness of 0.2 μm was formed.
【００５７】次に、実施例４で用いた電荷輸送化合物１
０部及び実施例１で用いた共重合体ＰＣ−Ｚを１０部を
クロロベンゼン／ジクロロメタン＝５０／３０部に溶解
して電荷輸送層用塗料を調製し、電荷発生層上に浸漬塗
布して、膜厚２０μｍの電荷輸送層を形成した。Next, the charge transport compound 1 used in Example 4
0 parts and 10 parts of the copolymer PC-Z used in Example 1 were dissolved in 50/30 parts of chlorobenzene / dichloromethane to prepare a coating for the charge transport layer, which was then dip-coated on the charge generation layer. A charge transport layer having a thickness of 20 μm was formed.
【００５８】更に、下記に示す構成単位からなる重合体
（粘度平均分子量８．０×１０4）１部、Further, 1 part of a polymer (viscosity average molecular weight 8.0 × 10 4 ) consisting of the following structural units,
【化２１】 下記（ｄ）、（ｅ）及び（ｆ）で示される構成単位から
なり、成分（ｄ）が共重合体の全重量の４５重量％、
（ｅ）成分が４５重量％、成分（ｆ）が１０重量％であ
る共重合体（粘度平均分子量（２．０×１０4）１部
（ｄ）構成単位（構成単位例（１）−２）Embedded image It comprises the structural units represented by the following (d), (e) and (f), wherein component (d) is 45% by weight of the total weight of the copolymer,
(E) 1 part of a copolymer containing 45% by weight of the component and 10% by weight of the component (f) (viscosity average molecular weight (2.0 × 10 4 ) 1 part) (d) Structural unit (Example of structural unit (1) -2) )
【化２２】 （ｅ）構成単位（構成単位例（２）−８）Embedded image (E) Structural unit (Example of structural unit (2) -8)
【化２３】 （ｆ）構成単位（構成単位例（３）−８）Embedded image (F) Structural unit (Example of structural unit (3) -8)
【化２４】 をクロロベンゼン／ジクロロメタン＝５０／５０部に溶
解して塗料を調製し、この塗料をスプレ−塗布により電
荷輸送層上に塗布して、膜厚３μｍの保護層を形成し、
電子写真感光体を作成した。Embedded image Was dissolved in 50/50 parts of chlorobenzene / dichloromethane to prepare a paint, and this paint was applied on the charge transport layer by spray coating to form a protective layer having a thickness of 3 μm.
An electrophotographic photoreceptor was prepared.
【００５９】実施例８ 実施例７において、共重合体の成分（ｄ）、（ｅ）及び
（ｆ）の比率を成分（ｄ）を５５重量％、成分（ｅ）を
４０重量％、成分（ｆ）を５重量％とした他は、実施例
７と同様にして電子写真感光体を作成した。Example 8 In Example 7, the ratio of the components (d), (e) and (f) of the copolymer was 55% by weight of the component (d), 40% by weight of the component (e), and An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 7, except that f) was changed to 5% by weight.
【００６０】比較例５ 実施例７において、共重合体を用いず、ＰＣ−Ｃのみを
１０部とした他は、実施例７と同様にして電子写真感光
体を作成した。Comparative Example 5 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 7, except that the copolymer was not used and only 10 parts of PC-C were used.
【００６１】実施例７、８及び比較例５で作成した電子
写真感光体を電子写真複写機（商品名ＮＰ−６０３０、
キヤノン（株）製）に装着した。一次帯電条件は、直流
印加のみとして−１４５０Ｖとした。１００００枚迄複
写して実施例１と同様に感光体膜厚変化量及び表面凹凸
を測定した。結果を表１０に示す。The electrophotographic photosensitive members prepared in Examples 7 and 8 and Comparative Example 5 were used as electrophotographic copying machines (NP-6030, trade name).
(Manufactured by Canon Inc.). The primary charging condition was -1450 V with only DC applied. Copying was performed on up to 10,000 sheets, and the amount of change in the thickness of the photosensitive member and the surface irregularities were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 10 shows the results.
【００６２】[0062]
【表１０】 [Table 10]
【００６３】実施例７及び８で作成した電子写真感光体
は何れも削れ量、表面凹凸が少なく、良好な画像が得ら
れた。一方、比較例５の電子写真感光体は削れ量が多
く、徐々に画像レベルが低下した。Each of the electrophotographic photosensitive members prepared in Examples 7 and 8 had a small amount of shaving and a small surface irregularity, and a good image was obtained. On the other hand, in the electrophotographic photoreceptor of Comparative Example 5, the shaving amount was large, and the image level gradually decreased.
【００６４】実施例９ 実施例１において、構成単位（ａ）を下記の構成単位例
（１）−８に代え、Example 9 In Example 1, the structural unit (a) was replaced with the following structural unit example (1) -8,
【化２５】 （ａ）／（ｂ）／（ｃ）＝４５／４５／１０とした他
は、実施例１と同様にして電子写真感光体を作成した。Embedded image An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that (a) / (b) / (c) = 45/45/10.
【００６５】実施例１０ 実施例１において、構成単位（ａ）を下記の構成単位例
（１）−１２に代え、Example 10 In Example 1, the structural unit (a) was changed to the following structural unit example (1) -12,
【化２６】 （ａ）／（ｂ）／（ｃ）＝４５／４５／１０とした他
は、実施例１と同様にして電子写真感光体を作成した。Embedded image An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that (a) / (b) / (c) = 45/45/10.
【００６６】実施例１１ 実施例１において、構成単位（ａ）を下記の構成単位例
（１）−１０に代え、Example 11 In Example 1, the structural unit (a) was replaced with the following structural unit example (1) -10,
【化２７】 （ａ）／（ｂ）／（ｃ）＝４５／４５／１０とした他
は、実施例１と同様にして電子写真感光体を作成した。Embedded image An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that (a) / (b) / (c) = 45/45/10.
【００６７】実施例９〜１１で作成した電子写真感光体
について実施例１と同様の方法で評価した。結果を表１
１に示す。The electrophotographic photosensitive members prepared in Examples 9 to 11 were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the results
It is shown in FIG.
【表１１】 [Table 11]
【００６８】[0068]
【発明の効果】本発明の電子写真感光体は、感光体の摩
耗量を少なくすることができ、更に、感光体表面の凹凸
も小さくすることができ、長期間にわたり良好な画像を
提供できるという顕著な効果を奏する。また、この電子
写真感光体を用いたプロセスカ−トリッジ及び電子写真
装置において同様の効果を奏する。According to the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention, the amount of abrasion of the photoreceptor can be reduced, and the unevenness on the surface of the photoreceptor can be reduced, so that a good image can be provided for a long period of time. Has a remarkable effect. Further, the same effects can be obtained in a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus using the electrophotographic photosensitive member.
【図１】本発明の電子写真感光体を有するプロセスカ−
トリッジを有する電子写真装置の概略構成を示す図。FIG. 1 is a process car having an electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an electrophotographic apparatus having a cartridge.
【図２】本発明の電子写真感光体を有するファクシミリ
のブロックの例を示す図。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a facsimile block having the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention.
１ 本発明の電子写真感光体 ２ 軸 ３ 一次帯電手段 ４ 画像露光光 ５ 現像手段 ６ 転写手段 ７ 転写材 ８ 像定着手段 ９ クリ−ニング手段 １０ 前露光光 １１ プロセスカ−トリッジ １２ レ−ル １３ 画像読取部 １４ コントロ−ラ− １５ 受信回路 １６ 送信回路 １７ 電話 １８ 回線 １９ 画像メモリ ２０ ＣＰＵ ２１ プリンタ−コントロ−ラ− ２２ プリンタ− DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention 2 axis 3 Primary charging means 4 Image exposure light 5 Developing means 6 Transfer means 7 Transfer material 8 Image fixing means 9 Cleaning means 10 Pre-exposure light 11 Process cartridge 12 Rail 13 Image reading unit 14 Controller 15 Receiving circuit 16 Transmitting circuit 17 Telephone 18 Line 19 Image memory 20 CPU 21 Printer controller 22 Printer
Claims (7)
触配置された帯電用部材を有し、該電子写真感光体に帯
電用部材から電圧を印加する事により帯電される電子写
真装置に装着される電子写真感光体において、該電子写
真感光体の表面層が、下記一般式（１）で示される構成
単位と下記一般式（２）で示され構成単位と下記一般式
（３）で示される構成単位を有する共重合体を含有する
ことを特徴とする電子写真感光体。一般式（１） 【化１】 またはシクロアルキレン基を示し、また、Ｘは単結合ま
たはビフェニル基を示す。Ｒ1〜Ｒ8は水素原子、ハロゲ
ン原子または炭素数１〜４のアルキル基を示す。一般式
（２） 【化２】 式中、Ｒ11〜Ｒ18は水素原子、ハロゲン原子または炭素
数１〜４のアルキル基を示す。一般式（３） 【化３】 式中、Ｒ19は炭素数２〜６のアルキレン基または炭素数
２〜６のアルキリデン基、Ｒ20〜Ｒ23は炭素数１〜３の
アルキル基、フェニル基または置換フェニル基、ｎは１
〜２００の整数を示す。An electrophotographic apparatus having an electrophotographic photosensitive member and a charging member arranged in contact with the electrophotographic photosensitive member, wherein the electrophotographic photosensitive member is charged by applying a voltage from the charging member to the electrophotographic photosensitive member. In the electrophotographic photoreceptor to be mounted, the surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a structural unit represented by the following general formula (1), a structural unit represented by the following general formula (2) and a general formula (3) shown below. An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a copolymer having the structural unit shown. General formula (1) Or X represents a cycloalkylene group, and X represents a single bond or a biphenyl group. R 1 to R 8 represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. General formula (2) In the formula, R 11 to R 18 represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. General formula (3) In the formula, R 19 is an alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkylidene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, R 20 to R 23 are an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a phenyl group or a substituted phenyl group, and n is 1
Shows an integer of ~ 200.
（１）、一般式（２）及び一般式（３）で示される構成
単位を有する共重合体と下記一般式（４）で示される構
成単位を有する重合体を混合した系を含有する請求項１
記載の電子写真感光体。一般式（４） 【化４】 式中、Ｒ24及びＲ25は水素原子、ハロゲン原子または炭
素数１〜１０のアルキル基及び炭素数１〜１０のハロゲ
ン置換アルキル基またはフェニル基、更にＲ24及びＲ25
は結合する炭素原子と共にシクロアルキレン基を示し、
Ｒ26〜Ｒ33は水素原子、ハロゲン原子または炭素数１〜
４のアルキル基を示す。2. A surface layer of an electrophotographic photoreceptor, comprising a copolymer having structural units represented by the general formulas (1), (2) and (3) and a copolymer represented by the following general formula (4) A system comprising a mixture of polymers having the structural units described above.
The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to the above. General formula (4) In the formula, R 24 and R 25 are a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and a halogen-substituted alkyl group or phenyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and further, R 24 and R 25
Represents a cycloalkylene group together with a bonding carbon atom,
R 26 to R 33 each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a carbon atom
4 represents an alkyl group.
体を含有する請求項１または２記載の電子写真感光体。3. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, wherein the surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a fluororesin powder.
電手段、現像手段及びクリ−ニング手段からなる群より
選ばれる少なくとも一つの手段を一体に支持し、電子写
真装置本体に着脱自在であることを特徴とするプロセス
カ−トリッジ。4. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, and at least one means selected from the group consisting of a charging means, a developing means and a cleaning means are integrally supported, and are detachably attached to an electrophotographic apparatus main body. A process cartridge characterized by the following.
電手段、現像手段及びクリ−ニング手段からなる群より
選ばれる少なくとも一つの手段を一体に支持し、電子写
真装置本体に着脱自在であることを特徴とするプロセス
カ−トリッジ。5. An electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 2, and at least one means selected from the group consisting of a charging means, a developing means and a cleaning means, integrally supported and detachably mounted on the electrophotographic apparatus main body. A process cartridge characterized by the following.
段、像露光手段、現像手段及び転写手段を有することを
特徴とする電子写真装置。6. An electrophotographic apparatus comprising the electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, a charging unit, an image exposing unit, a developing unit, and a transferring unit.
段、像露光手段、現像手段及び転写手段を有することを
特徴とする電子写真装置。7. An electrophotographic apparatus comprising the electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 2, a charging unit, an image exposing unit, a developing unit, and a transfer unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18164396A JP3683992B2 (en) | 1996-06-24 | 1996-06-24 | Process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18164396A JP3683992B2 (en) | 1996-06-24 | 1996-06-24 | Process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1010767A true JPH1010767A (en) | 1998-01-16 |
| JP3683992B2 JP3683992B2 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
Family
ID=16104343
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18164396A Expired - Fee Related JP3683992B2 (en) | 1996-06-24 | 1996-06-24 | Process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3683992B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11327180A (en) * | 1998-05-19 | 1999-11-26 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Electrophotoreceptor |
| US7491346B2 (en) * | 2004-05-20 | 2009-02-17 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Polycarbonate resin and electrophotographic photosensitive member using same |
-
1996
- 1996-06-24 JP JP18164396A patent/JP3683992B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11327180A (en) * | 1998-05-19 | 1999-11-26 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Electrophotoreceptor |
| US7491346B2 (en) * | 2004-05-20 | 2009-02-17 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Polycarbonate resin and electrophotographic photosensitive member using same |
| USRE43604E1 (en) | 2004-05-20 | 2012-08-28 | Idemitsu Kosan Co. Ltd. | Polycarbonate resin and electrophotographic photosensitive member using same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3683992B2 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
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