JPH0996350A - Differential gear - Google Patents
Differential gearInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0996350A JPH0996350A JP7253626A JP25362695A JPH0996350A JP H0996350 A JPH0996350 A JP H0996350A JP 7253626 A JP7253626 A JP 7253626A JP 25362695 A JP25362695 A JP 25362695A JP H0996350 A JPH0996350 A JP H0996350A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gear
- differential
- meshing
- gears
- pinion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
- F16H57/043—Guidance of lubricant within rotary parts, e.g. axial channels or radial openings in shafts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/048—Type of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
- F16H57/0482—Gearings with gears having orbital motion
- F16H57/0483—Axle or inter-axle differentials
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Retarders (AREA)
- General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、車両に用いられ
るデファレンシャル装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a differential device used for a vehicle.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】特開平３−３７４５５号公報に図４のよ
うなデファレンシャル装置２０１が記載されている。2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-37455 discloses a differential device 201 as shown in FIG.
【０００３】このデファレンシャル装置２０１は、エン
ジンに回転駆動されるデフケ−ス２０３、デフケ−ス２
０３の内部に配置された出力側のサイドギヤ２０５、２
０７、サイドギヤ２０５、２０７の内側で互いに噛み合
うと共にサイドギヤ２０５、２０７と各別に噛み合った
ピニオンギヤ２０９、２１１からなる複数組のピニオン
ギヤ組、各ピニオンギヤ２０９、２１１を摺動回転自在
に支持する収納孔２１３、２１５、デフケ−ス２０３に
形成されたオイル孔２１７、２１７、２１９などを備え
ている。The differential device 201 includes a differential case 203 and a differential case 2 which are rotationally driven by an engine.
Output side gears 205, 2 arranged inside
07, side gears 205 and 207 mesh with each other, and a plurality of pinion gear groups consisting of pinion gears 209 and 211 respectively meshing with side gears 205 and 207, respectively, and storage holes 213 for slidably supporting the pinion gears 209 and 211, respectively. 215 and oil holes 217, 217, 219 formed in the differential case 203.
【０００４】デファレンシャル装置２０１はオイル溜り
が設けられた収納ケ−スの内部に配置されており、下部
をこのオイル溜りに浸しながら回転する。The differential device 201 is arranged inside a storage case provided with an oil reservoir, and rotates while immersing the lower part in the oil reservoir.
【０００５】このように構成されているデファレンシャ
ル装置２０１は、エンジンの駆動力を各出力軸を介して
車輪側に差動分配する間、各ピニオンギヤ２０９、２１
１と収納孔２１３、２１５との間や、各ギヤとデフケ−
ス２０３との間で発生する摩擦抵抗によってトルク感応
型の差動制限力を得ている。The differential device 201 having the above-described structure differentially distributes the driving force of the engine to the wheels via the output shafts, while the pinion gears 209, 21 are provided.
1 and the storage holes 213 and 215, and the gears and the differential gear.
The torque-sensitive differential limiting force is obtained by the frictional resistance generated between the two.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】このように、各ギヤの
摩擦抵抗によって差動を制限する構成では、焼き付きや
異常摩耗などを防止し、差動制限機能を安定させるため
に、各ギヤの噛み合い部を充分に潤滑する必要がある。As described above, in the structure in which the differential is limited by the frictional resistance of each gear, the meshing of the gears is prevented in order to prevent seizure and abnormal wear and stabilize the differential limiting function. It is necessary to thoroughly lubricate the parts.
【０００７】デファレンシャル装置２０１は、ピニオン
ギヤ２０９、２１１とサイドギヤ２０５、２０７との噛
み合い部には、オイル孔２１７、２１７を介してオイル
溜りのオイルが導かれ、ピニオンギヤ２０９、２１１同
士の噛み合い部には、オイル孔２１９を介してオイルが
導かれる。In the differential device 201, the oil in the oil sump is guided through the oil holes 217 and 217 to the meshing portions between the pinion gears 209 and 211 and the side gears 205 and 207, and the meshing portions between the pinion gears 209 and 211 are connected to each other. The oil is introduced through the oil hole 219.
【０００８】しかし、図４のように、このオイル孔２１
９はピニオンギヤ２０９、２１１の径方向外側に設けら
れているから、デファレンシャル装置２０１が静止状態
であればオイルが流入するが、デファレンシャル装置２
０１が回転すると、遠心力によってオイルが入りにくく
なり、オイルが最も必要なトルク伝達時（差動制限時）
にピニオンギヤ２０９、２１１同士の噛み合い部が潤滑
不足になり易い。However, as shown in FIG. 4, this oil hole 21
Since 9 is provided outside the pinion gears 209 and 211 in the radial direction, the oil flows in when the differential device 201 is in a stationary state, but the differential device 2
When 01 rotates, it becomes difficult for oil to enter due to centrifugal force, and at the time of torque transmission where oil is most necessary (difference limitation)
In addition, the engagement between the pinion gears 209 and 211 is likely to be insufficiently lubricated.
【０００９】そこで、この発明は、互いに噛み合ったピ
ニオンギヤを介して出力側のサイドギヤを連結し、各ギ
ヤの回転摩擦抵抗によって差動制限力が得られるように
構成されたデファレンシャル装置であって、各ギヤの噛
み合い部、特にピニオンギヤ同士の噛み合い部が充分に
潤滑され、焼き付きや異常摩耗などが防止され、安定し
た差動機能及び差動制限機能が得られるデファレンシャ
ル装置の提供を目的とする。Therefore, the present invention is a differential device in which side gears on the output side are connected to each other through pinion gears meshing with each other, and a differential limiting force is obtained by rotational frictional resistance of each gear. An object of the present invention is to provide a differential device in which gear meshing parts, particularly meshing parts between pinion gears are sufficiently lubricated, seizure and abnormal wear are prevented, and stable differential functions and differential limiting functions are obtained.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】請求項１のデファレンシ
ャル装置は、オイル溜りを有するケ−シングの内部に配
置されエンジンの駆動力により回転駆動されるデフケ−
スと、デフケ−スの内部で回転自在に支承された一対の
出力側サイドギヤと、これらサイドギヤの径方向外側に
配置されサイドギヤと各別に噛み合う第１ギヤ部及びサ
イドギヤの軸方向外側で互いに噛み合う第２ギヤ部を有
する少なくとも一対のピニオンギヤと、デフケ−スに形
成され各ピニオンギヤを摺動回転自在に収納する収納孔
と、デフケ−スに形成され前記第２ギヤ部の噛み合い部
及び第１ギヤ部とサイドギヤとの噛み合い部に連通する
空間と、デフケ−スに形成され前記オイル溜りのオイル
をこの空間に導く開口とを備えたことを特徴とする。A differential device according to a first aspect of the present invention is a differential gear which is disposed inside a casing having an oil reservoir and is rotationally driven by a driving force of an engine.
And a pair of output side gears rotatably supported inside the differential case, a first gear portion arranged radially outside of the side gears and meshing with the side gears respectively, and a first gear portion axially outside of the side gears meshing with each other. At least a pair of pinion gears having two gear parts, a storage hole formed in the differential gear case for slidably rotatably accommodating the respective pinion gears, a meshing portion of the second gear portion formed in the differential gear part, and the first gear portion. And a side gear, and a space communicating with the meshing portion with the side gear, and an opening formed in the differential case for guiding the oil in the oil reservoir to this space.
【００１１】デフケ−スを回転させるエンジンの駆動力
は、ピニオンギヤとサイドギヤから出力軸を介して各車
輪に分配されると共に、悪路などを走行中、車輪間に駆
動抵抗差が生じるとピニオンギヤの自転によってエンジ
ンの駆動力は各車輪側に差動分配される。The driving force of the engine for rotating the differential case is distributed from the pinion gear and the side gear to each wheel via the output shaft, and when a driving resistance difference occurs between the wheels during traveling on a bad road or the like, the driving force of the pinion gear is changed. Due to the rotation, the driving force of the engine is differentially distributed to each wheel side.
【００１２】このようにトルクを伝達している間、ピニ
オンギヤの噛み合い反力や、ヘリカルギヤ構成の場合の
噛み合いスラスト力によって各ギヤに回転摩擦抵抗が発
生し、これらの摩擦抵抗によりトルク感応型の差動制限
機能が得られる。While the torque is transmitted in this manner, a rotational frictional resistance is generated in each gear due to the meshing reaction force of the pinion gear and the meshing thrust force in the case of the helical gear structure, and these frictional resistances cause a torque sensitive type difference. The motion restriction function is obtained.
【００１３】また、各ピニオンギヤ（第２ギヤ部）をサ
イドギヤの軸方向外側に配置し、更に、第２ギヤ部の噛
み合い部及び第１ギヤ部とサイドギヤとの噛み合い部に
連通する空間と、この空間にオイル溜りのオイルを導く
開口とをデフケ−スに形成した。Further, each pinion gear (second gear portion) is arranged outside the side gear in the axial direction, and further, a space communicating with the meshing portion of the second gear portion and the meshing portion of the first gear portion and the side gear, and An opening for guiding the oil in the oil sump to the space was formed in the differential case.
【００１４】従って、デファレンシャル装置が静止して
いる時は、オイル溜りに浸された開口から空間にオイル
が流入し、これらの各噛み合い部を潤滑する。特に、ピ
ニオンギヤはサイドギヤの径方向外側に配置され、その
第２ギヤ部は空間の径方向外側（この場合は、重力方向
の下方）にあるから、重力によってオイルの流れが促進
され第２ギヤ部の噛み合い部は充分に潤滑される。Therefore, when the differential device is stationary, oil flows into the space through the opening dipped in the oil reservoir and lubricates these meshing portions. In particular, the pinion gear is arranged radially outside the side gear, and the second gear portion is radially outside the space (in this case, the lower side in the gravity direction), so that the flow of oil is accelerated by gravity and the second gear portion is accelerated. The meshing part of is fully lubricated.
【００１５】また、デファレンシャル装置が回転する
と、この回転によって撥ね上げられ、あるいは、ケ−シ
ングの内壁で跳ね返ったオイルが開口から空間に入り、
各噛み合い部を潤滑する。特に、デファレンシャル装置
の回転時には、空間の径方向外側にある第２ギヤ部に遠
心力によって多量のオイルが送られ、効率よく潤滑され
る。When the differential device rotates, the oil splashed by this rotation or splashed by the inner wall of the casing enters the space through the opening.
Lubricate each meshing part. In particular, when the differential device rotates, a large amount of oil is sent to the second gear portion, which is located radially outside the space, by centrifugal force, so that the second gear portion is efficiently lubricated.
【００１６】こうして、デファレンシャル装置の回転時
と静止時とを問わず、ピニオンギヤの同士の噛み合い部
及びピニオンギヤとサイドギヤとの噛み合い部が充分に
潤滑されて焼き付きや異常摩耗などが防止され、安定し
た差動機能及び差動制限機能が得られる。Thus, the meshing portion between the pinion gears and the meshing portion between the pinion gear and the side gear are sufficiently lubricated to prevent seizure and abnormal wear, regardless of whether the differential device is rotating or stationary. A dynamic function and a limited differential function are obtained.
【００１７】請求項２のデファレンシャル装置は、請求
項１のデファレンシャル装置において、一対のピニオン
ギヤが、第１と第２のギヤ部の間に相手側ピニオンギヤ
と噛み合うサイドギヤとの干渉を避ける小径の軸部を有
し、各第２ギヤ部が両サイドギヤの軸方向両側で噛み合
う一対の等長ピニオンギヤからなり、空間と開口とがデ
フケ−スの軸方向両側部に設けられたものであり、請求
項１のデファレンシャル装置と同様に、回転時と静止時
とを問わず、ピニオンギヤの同士の噛み合い部及びピニ
オンギヤとサイドギヤとの噛み合い部が充分に潤滑さ
れ、焼き付きや異常摩耗などが防止され、安定した差動
機能及び差動制限機能が得られる。A differential device according to a second aspect of the present invention is the differential device according to the first aspect, wherein the pair of pinion gears has a small-diameter shaft portion that avoids interference between the pair of pinion gears and a side gear that meshes with the mating pinion gear. Wherein each of the second gear portions comprises a pair of equal-length pinion gears that mesh with both side gears on both axial sides, and the space and the opening are provided on both axial side portions of the differential case. Similar to the differential device, the meshing parts between the pinion gears and the meshing parts between the pinion gears and the side gears are fully lubricated to prevent seizure and abnormal wear, whether they are rotating or stationary. Function and differential limiting function are obtained.
【００１８】請求項３のデファレンシャル装置は、請求
項１または２のデファレンシャル装置において、開口
が、第１ギヤ部とサイドギヤとの噛み合い部の径方向内
側に設けられたものであり、請求項１または２のデファ
レンシャル装置と同様に、回転時と静止時とを問わず、
ピニオンギヤの同士の噛み合い部及びピニオンギヤとサ
イドギヤとの噛み合い部が充分に潤滑され、焼き付きや
異常摩耗などが防止され、安定した差動機能及び差動制
限機能が得られる。A differential device according to a third aspect of the present invention is the differential device according to the first or second aspect, wherein the opening is provided radially inside a meshing portion between the first gear portion and the side gear. Similar to the differential device of 2, regardless of whether it is rotating or stationary,
The meshing portion between the pinion gears and the meshing portion between the pinion gear and the side gear are sufficiently lubricated, seizure and abnormal wear are prevented, and a stable differential function and a differential limiting function are obtained.
【００１９】これに加えて、ピニオンギヤの第１ギヤ部
とサイドギヤとの噛み合い部の径方向内側に開口を設け
たことにより、デファレンシャル装置の静止時は、開口
から流入したオイルがこの開口より下方のこの噛み合い
部に流れ落ち、デファレンシャル装置の回転時は、開口
から流入しこの噛み合い部に供給されるオイルの流れが
遠心力によって促進され、潤滑性を更に向上させる。In addition to this, an opening is provided inside the meshing portion of the first gear portion of the pinion gear and the side gear in the radial direction, so that when the differential device is stationary, the oil flowing from the opening is below the opening. When the differential device rotates to the meshing portion and rotates, the flow of the oil that flows in from the opening and is supplied to the meshing portion is promoted by the centrifugal force to further improve the lubricity.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の実施の形態】図１ないし３により本発明の一実
施形態を説明する。この実施形態は請求項１、２、３、
４の特徴を備えており、図１はこの実施形態のデファレ
ンシャル装置１を示している。なお、左右の方向は図１
での左右の方向であり、符号を与えていない部材等は図
示されていない。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This embodiment is described in claims 1, 2, 3,
4 is provided, and FIG. 1 shows the differential device 1 of this embodiment. The left and right directions are shown in FIG.
The members and the like without the reference numerals are not shown.
【００２１】デファレンシャル装置１は、車両の前輪側
または後輪側の車軸（出力軸）上に配置される。The differential device 1 is arranged on an axle (output shaft) on the front wheel side or the rear wheel side of the vehicle.
【００２２】図１のように、デファレンシャル装置１の
デフケ−ス３は、ケ−シング本体５にカバ−７をボルト
で固定して構成されている。デフケ−ス３にはリングギ
ヤがボルトで固定されており、このリングギヤはエンジ
ンの駆動力を伝達する動力伝達系の出力ギヤと噛み合っ
ている。こうして、デフケ−ス３はエンジンの駆動力に
より回転駆動される。As shown in FIG. 1, the differential case 3 of the differential device 1 is constructed by fixing a cover 7 to the casing body 5 with bolts. A ring gear is fixed to the differential case 3 with a bolt, and the ring gear meshes with an output gear of a power transmission system that transmits the driving force of the engine. Thus, the differential case 3 is driven to rotate by the driving force of the engine.
【００２３】デファレンシャル装置１はデフキャリヤ
（ケ−シング）の内部に配置されており、デフケ−ス３
のボス部９、１１はベアリングを介してデフキャリヤに
支承されている。デフキャリヤにはオイル溜りが設けら
れており、デファレンシャル装置１は、静止状態では下
部がこのオイル溜りに浸されており、回転するとオイル
溜りからオイルを撥ね上げる。The differential device 1 is arranged inside a differential carrier (casing), and a differential case 3 is provided.
The bosses 9 and 11 are supported by the differential carrier via bearings. The differential carrier is provided with an oil sump. The lower part of the differential device 1 is immersed in the oil sump in a stationary state, and repels the oil from the oil sump when rotated.
【００２４】デフケ−ス３の内部には、それぞれヘリカ
ルギヤで構成された出力側のサイドギヤ１３、１５が配
置されている。Inside the differential case 3, output side gears 13 and 15 each composed of a helical gear are arranged.
【００２５】各サイドギヤ１３、１５は中空のボス部１
７、１９を有し、軸心部に車軸を連結するスプライン部
２１、２３が設けられている。ボス部１７、１９の内側
には、これらの内周に跨がってスラストブロック２５が
配置され、サイドギヤ１３、１５の各自由端を支承しセ
ンタ−リングしている。Each side gear 13, 15 has a hollow boss 1
Splines 21 and 23 are provided for connecting the axles to the shaft center portion. Inside the bosses 17 and 19, thrust blocks 25 are arranged straddling the inner peripheries of the bosses 17 and 19 to support and center the free ends of the side gears 13 and 15, respectively.
【００２６】サイドギヤ１３のボス部１７は左の車軸に
スプライン連結され、サイドギヤ１５のボス部１９は右
の車軸にスプライン連結されている。これらの車軸はス
ラストブロック２５を介して互いに付き当てられてい
る。The boss portion 17 of the side gear 13 is splined to the left axle, and the boss portion 19 of the side gear 15 is splined to the right axle. These axles are attached to each other via a thrust block 25.
【００２７】サイドギヤ１３、１５とデフケ−ス３との
間にはそれぞれスラストワッシャ２７が配置され、サイ
ドギヤ１３、１５の間（スラストブロック２５の外周
側）にはスラストワッシャ２９が配置されている。Thrust washers 27 are arranged between the side gears 13 and 15 and the differential case 3, and a thrust washer 29 is arranged between the side gears 13 and 15 (outer peripheral side of the thrust block 25).
【００２８】図２のようにデフケ−ス３には３組の収納
孔３１、３３が周方向に形成されている。収納孔３１、
３３にはそれぞれヘリカルギヤで構成された等長のピニ
オンギヤ３５、３７が摺動回転自在に収納されている。As shown in FIG. 2, the differential case 3 has three sets of storage holes 31, 33 formed in the circumferential direction. Storage hole 31,
33, pinion gears 35 and 37 of equal length each made up of a helical gear are housed so as to be slidably rotatable.
【００２９】一方のピニオンギヤ３５は、第１のギヤ部
３９と第２のギヤ部４１及び第１と第２のギヤ部３９、
４１を連結する小径の軸部４５とからなり、第１のギヤ
部３９はサイドギヤ１５と噛み合っている。また、他方
のピニオンギヤ３７は、第１のギヤ部４７と第２のギヤ
部４９及び第１と第２のギヤ部４７、４９を連結する小
径の軸部５０とからなり、第１のギヤ部４７はサイドギ
ヤ１３と噛み合っている。また、ピニオンギヤ３５の第
２のギヤ部４１とピニオンギヤ３７の第１のギヤ部４
７、ピニオンギヤ３７の第２のギヤ部４９とピニオンギ
ヤ３５の第１のギヤ部４７とは、サイドギヤ１３、１５
の軸方向外側で、それぞれ噛み合っている。この噛み合
いによりサイドギヤ１３、１５はデフケース３に対し、
ピニオンギヤ３５、３７を介し、回転自在に支持されて
いる。The one pinion gear 35 includes a first gear portion 39, a second gear portion 41, a first gear portion 39, and a second gear portion 39.
The first gear portion 39 is in mesh with the side gear 15. The other pinion gear 37 is composed of a first gear portion 47 and a second gear portion 49, and a small-diameter shaft portion 50 connecting the first and second gear portions 47, 49, and the first gear portion 47 is engaged with the side gear 13. Further, the second gear portion 41 of the pinion gear 35 and the first gear portion 4 of the pinion gear 37.
7, the second gear portion 49 of the pinion gear 37 and the first gear portion 47 of the pinion gear 35 are the side gears 13, 15
Are meshed on the outside in the axial direction of. Due to this engagement, the side gears 13 and 15 are
It is rotatably supported via pinion gears 35 and 37.
【００３０】デフケ−ス３を回転させるエンジンの駆動
力は、ピニオンギヤ３５、３７とサイドギヤ１５、１３
から車軸を介して各車輪に分配され、悪路走行中など
に、車輪間に駆動抵抗差が生じると各ピニオンギヤ３
５、３７の自転によってエンジンの駆動力は各車輪側に
差動分配される。The driving force of the engine for rotating the differential case 3 is the pinion gears 35 and 37 and the side gears 15 and 13.
Is distributed to each wheel through the axles, and when a driving resistance difference occurs between the wheels during traveling on a bad road, the pinion gears 3
Due to the rotation of 5, 37, the driving force of the engine is differentially distributed to each wheel side.
【００３１】トルクの伝達中、各ピニオンギヤ３５、３
７の歯先はサイドギヤ１５、１３との噛み合い反力によ
り収納孔３１、３３の壁面に押し付けられて摩擦抵抗が
発生する。また、ヘリカルギヤの噛み合いスラスト力に
より、各ピニオンギヤ３５、３７の端面とデフケ−ス３
との間で摩擦抵抗が発生すると共に、スラストワッシャ
２７を介してサイドギヤ１３、１５とデフケ−ス３との
間で、また、スラストワッシャ２９を介してサイドギヤ
１３、１５の間でそれぞれ摩擦抵抗が発生する。During transmission of torque, each pinion gear 35, 3
The tooth tip of 7 is pressed against the wall surfaces of the housing holes 31 and 33 by a reaction force of meshing with the side gears 15 and 13, and frictional resistance is generated. In addition, the mesh thrust force of the helical gears causes the end faces of the pinion gears 35 and 37 and the differential case 3 to move.
Between the side gears 13 and 15 and the differential case 3 via the thrust washer 27, and between the side gears 13 and 15 via the thrust washer 29, respectively. appear.
【００３２】これらの摩擦抵抗により、トルク感応型の
差動制限機能が得られる。Due to these frictional resistances, a torque sensitive differential limiting function can be obtained.
【００３３】図１、２のように、デフケ−ス３のケ−シ
ング本体５には、サイドギヤ１３、１５のボス部１７、
１９外周側と、ギヤ部４１、４７とギヤ部３９、４９の
噛み合い部との間に、空間５３、５５が形成されてい
る。図１のように、空間５３、５５はデフケース３内全
体の空間５７の一部を構成している。As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the casing body 5 of the differential case 3 has a boss portion 17 of side gears 13 and 15,
Spaces 53 and 55 are formed between the outer peripheral side of 19 and the meshing portions of the gear portions 41 and 47 and the gear portions 39 and 49. As shown in FIG. 1, the spaces 53 and 55 form a part of the entire space 57 in the differential case 3.
【００３４】また、デフケ−ス３のカバ−７とケ−シン
グ本体５には、空間５３、５５に連通する側部開口５
９、６１がそれぞれ３個形成され、またケーシング本体
５の外周には外周開口６２が形成されている。図２、３
のように、これらの側部開口５９、６１は各ピニオンギ
ヤ３５、３７の歯先より径方向内側に配置されており、
第１のギヤ部３９、４７とサイドギヤ１５、１３との噛
み合い部より径方向内側に配置されている。The cover 7 of the differential case 3 and the casing body 5 have side openings 5 communicating with the spaces 53 and 55.
9 and 61 are each formed in three pieces, and an outer peripheral opening 62 is formed in the outer periphery of the casing body 5. 2, 3
As described above, the side openings 59 and 61 are arranged radially inward of the tooth tips of the pinion gears 35 and 37,
The first gear portions 39, 47 and the side gears 15, 13 are arranged radially inward of the meshing portion.
【００３５】デファレンシャル装置１が静止していると
き、各３個の側部開口５９、６１、外周開口６２のいず
れかはデフキャリヤのオイル溜りに浸漬されており、浸
漬された側部開口５９、６１からはオイルが空間５３、
５５を経て空間５７に流入し、外周開口６２からは空間
５７に流入する。When the differential device 1 is stationary, any one of the three side openings 59, 61 and the outer peripheral opening 62 is immersed in the oil reservoir of the differential carrier, and the immersed side openings 59, 61 are included. Oil from the space 53,
It flows into the space 57 via 55 and flows into the space 57 from the outer peripheral opening 62.
【００３６】また、デファレンシャル装置１が回転する
と、オイル溜りから撥ね上げられ、あるいは、デフキャ
リヤの内壁で跳ね返ったオイルは、外周開口６２、側部
開口５９、６１から、図１、３の矢印のように、デフケ
ース３内へ流入する。When the differential device 1 rotates, the oil splashed up from the oil reservoir or splashed by the inner wall of the differential carrier is discharged from the outer peripheral opening 62 and the side openings 59 and 61 as shown by arrows in FIGS. Then, it flows into the differential case 3.
【００３７】流入したオイルは、ギヤ部４１、４７、１
３、及びギヤ部３９、４９、１５の各噛み合い部と、収
納孔３１、３３、各ピニオンギヤ３５、３７の端面とデ
フケ−ス３との摺動部、各スラストワッシャ２７、２９
の摺動面などに供給され、これらの潤滑箇所を潤滑す
る。The oil that flows in is the gear parts 41, 47, 1
3 and each meshing portion of the gear portions 39, 49 and 15, the storage holes 31 and 33, the sliding portion between the end faces of the pinion gears 35 and 37 and the differential case 3, the thrust washers 27 and 29.
It is supplied to the sliding surface of and lubricates these lubricated points.
【００３８】空間５７はデフケ−ス３内部のオイル溜り
になり、各潤滑箇所にオイルを供給する。The space 57 serves as an oil reservoir inside the differential case 3 and supplies oil to each lubrication point.
【００３９】こうして、各部の焼き付きや異常摩耗など
が防止され、安定した差動機能と差動制限機能とが得ら
れる。In this way, seizure and abnormal wear of each part are prevented, and a stable differential function and differential limiting function can be obtained.
【００４０】上記のように、デファレンシャル装置１で
は、空間５３、５５をボス部１７、１９と、ピニオンギ
ヤ３５の第１、第２のギヤ部４１とピニオンギヤ３７の
第１、第２のギヤ部４９の噛み合い部との間に形成し、
更に、開口５９、６１を第１ギヤ部３９、４７とサイド
ギヤ１５、１３との噛み合い部より径方向内側に形成し
た。As described above, in the differential device 1, the spaces 53 and 55 are divided into the boss portions 17 and 19, the first and second gear portions 41 of the pinion gear 35, and the first and second gear portions 49 of the pinion gear 37. It is formed between the meshing part of
Further, the openings 59 and 61 are formed radially inward of the meshing portions between the first gear portions 39 and 47 and the side gears 15 and 13.
【００４１】従って、デファレンシャル装置１の静止時
において、第２ギヤ部３９、４１、４７、４９の各噛み
合い部と、第１のギヤ部３９、４７とサイドギヤ１５、
１３との噛み合い部は、オイル溜りに浸漬された側部開
口５９、６１より重力の下方になり、側部開口５９、６
１から流入したオイルは空間５３、５５を介してこれら
の各噛み合い部に流れ落ちる。このように、オイルの流
れが重力によって促進されるから、各潤滑箇所の潤滑性
がそれだけ向上している。Therefore, when the differential device 1 is stationary, the meshing portions of the second gear portions 39, 41, 47 and 49, the first gear portions 39 and 47 and the side gear 15,
The meshing part with 13 is below the gravity of the side openings 59, 61 immersed in the oil sump, and the side openings 59, 6
The oil that has flowed in from 1 flows down to these meshing portions through the spaces 53 and 55. As described above, since the oil flow is accelerated by gravity, the lubricity of each lubrication point is improved accordingly.
【００４２】また、デファレンシャル装置１の回転時
は、開口５９、６１から空間５３、５５へのオイルの流
れが遠心力によって促進され、更に、空間５３、５５か
ら各潤滑箇所に送られるオイルの流れが遠心力によって
促進されるから、各潤滑箇所の潤滑性が更に向上する。When the differential device 1 is rotated, the flow of oil from the openings 59, 61 to the spaces 53, 55 is promoted by the centrifugal force, and further the flow of oil sent from the spaces 53, 55 to each lubrication point. Is promoted by centrifugal force, so that the lubricity of each lubrication point is further improved.
【００４３】これに加えて、第２のギヤ部４１、４９
（各ピニオンギヤ３５、３７の端部）の径方向内側に空
間５３、５５を設け、遠心力によりピニオンギヤ３５、
３７の端面とデフケ−ス３との摺動部の潤滑性を向上さ
せたことにより、これらの摺動が安定し、差動制限機能
が更に安定する。In addition to this, the second gear parts 41, 49
Spaces 53 and 55 are provided radially inward of (the ends of the pinion gears 35 and 37), and the pinion gear 35 and
By improving the lubricity of the sliding portion between the end face of 37 and the differential case 3, these sliding are stabilized and the differential limiting function is further stabilized.
【００４４】更に、各ギヤの噛み合い部に与えられたオ
イルは、ヘリカルギヤの噛み合い点移動によって、各ギ
ヤの全歯幅から周囲の潤滑箇所に拡散され、潤滑性を更
に向上させる。Further, the oil applied to the meshing portion of each gear is diffused from the entire tooth width of each gear to the surrounding lubrication points by the movement of the meshing point of the helical gear, further improving the lubricity.
【００４５】こうして、デファレンシャル装置１が構成
されている。Thus, the differential device 1 is configured.
【００４６】デファレンシャル装置１を搭載した車両
は、そのトルク感応型の差動制限機能によって、発進時
や加速時のように大きなトルクが掛かった時の車体の挙
動が向上し、円滑で安定な旋回走行ができる。また、上
記のようなデファレンシャル装置１の潤滑性向上効果に
より、長期にわたってこれらの優れた走行性、安定性、
旋回性などが得られる。A vehicle equipped with the differential device 1 has a torque-sensitive differential limiting function that improves the behavior of the vehicle body when a large torque is applied such as when starting or accelerating, so that a smooth and stable turning is achieved. Can run. In addition, due to the effect of improving the lubricity of the differential device 1 as described above, these excellent running performance, stability, and
The turning property can be obtained.
【００４７】なお、本発明は、第１と第２ギヤ部を小径
の軸部で連結した長いピニオンギヤと、第１と第２ギヤ
部の間に軸部を持たない短いピニオンギヤとでピニオン
ギヤ組を構成し、これらの第２ギヤ部をサイドギヤの軸
方向外側で噛み合わせてもよい。この場合、開口と空間
はデフケ−スの一方の側壁部（第２ギヤ部側）に設け
る。In the present invention, a pinion gear set is composed of a long pinion gear in which the first and second gear parts are connected by a small diameter shaft part and a short pinion gear having no shaft part between the first and second gear parts. Alternatively, the second gear portions may be meshed with each other on the axially outer side of the side gear. In this case, the opening and the space are provided in one side wall portion (second gear portion side) of the differential case.
【００４８】また、本発明において、ピニオンギヤとサ
イドギヤはヘリカルギヤでなくスパ−ギヤで構成しても
よい。Further, in the present invention, the pinion gear and the side gear may be constituted by spur gears instead of helical gears.
【００４９】本発明のデファレンシャル装置は、フロン
トデフ（前輪側の車軸上に配置されたデファレンシャル
装置）、リヤデフ（後輪側の車軸上に配置されたデファ
レンシャル装置）、センタ−デフ（エンジンの駆動力を
前輪側と後輪側に分配するデファレンシャル装置）のい
ずれにも用いることができる。The differential device of the present invention includes a front differential (a differential device arranged on the front wheel axle), a rear differential (a differential device arranged on the rear wheel axle), and a center differential (engine driving force). Can be used for both the front wheel side and the rear wheel side).
【００５０】[0050]
【発明の効果】請求項１のデファレンシャル装置は、各
ピニオンギヤの第２ギヤ部をサイドギヤの軸方向外側に
配置し、更に、第２ギヤ部の噛み合い部及び第１ギヤ部
とサイドギヤとの噛み合い部に連通する空間と、この空
間にオイル溜りのオイルを導く開口とをデフケ−スに形
成した。According to the differential device of the present invention, the second gear portion of each pinion gear is arranged axially outside the side gear, and further, the meshing portion of the second gear portion and the meshing portion of the first gear portion and the side gear are arranged. A space that communicates with the space and an opening that guides the oil in the oil sump to this space are formed in the differential case.
【００５１】従って、デファレンシャル装置の静止時は
オイル溜りに浸された開口からオイルが空間に流入し、
これらの噛み合い部を潤滑する。特に、オイル溜りに浸
された開口より下方になった第２ギヤ部の噛み合い部
は、重力によって促進されるオイルの流れによって充分
に潤滑される。Therefore, when the differential device is stationary, oil flows into the space through the opening immersed in the oil sump,
Lubricate these meshing parts. In particular, the meshing portion of the second gear portion located below the opening immersed in the oil sump is sufficiently lubricated by the flow of oil promoted by gravity.
【００５２】また、デファレンシャル装置が回転する
と、この回転によって撥ね上げられ開口から空間に入っ
たオイルが、各噛み合い部や他の潤滑箇所を潤滑する。
特に、空間の径方向外側にある第２ギヤ部には遠心力に
よって多量のオイルが送られ、充分な潤滑が行われる。When the differential device rotates, the oil splashed by this rotation and entering the space through the opening lubricates the meshing portions and other lubrication points.
In particular, a large amount of oil is sent by centrifugal force to the second gear portion located radially outside the space, and sufficient lubrication is performed.
【００５３】このように、デファレンシャル装置の回転
時と静止時とを問わず、ピニオンギヤ同士の噛み合い部
及びピニオンギヤとサイドギヤとの噛み合い部が充分に
潤滑され、焼き付きや異常摩耗などが防止され、安定し
た差動機能及び差動制限機能が得られる。As described above, the meshing portion between the pinion gears and the meshing portion between the pinion gear and the side gear are sufficiently lubricated to prevent seizure and abnormal wear, regardless of whether the differential device is rotating or stationary. A differential function and a differential limiting function can be obtained.
【００５４】請求項２のデファレンシャル装置は、請求
項１のデファレンシャル装置と同様に、回転時と静止時
とを問わず、ピニオンギヤの同士の噛み合い部及びピニ
オンギヤとサイドギヤとの噛み合い部が充分に潤滑さ
れ、焼き付きや異常摩耗などが防止され、安定した差動
機能及び差動制限機能が得られる。Like the differential device according to the first aspect of the invention, the differential device according to the first aspect is sufficiently lubricated at the meshing portions between the pinion gears and at the meshing portions between the pinion gears and the side gears regardless of whether the gears are rotating or stationary. The seizure and abnormal wear are prevented, and the stable differential function and differential limiting function can be obtained.
【００５５】請求項３のデファレンシャル装置は、請求
項１または２のデファレンシャル装置と同様に、回転時
と静止時とを問わず、各ギヤの噛み合い部が充分に潤滑
され、焼き付きや異常摩耗などが防止され、安定した差
動機能及び差動制限機能が得られる。Like the differential device according to the first or second aspect, the differential device according to the third aspect is sufficiently lubricated at the meshing portion of each gear regardless of whether the gear is rotating or stationary, and seizure or abnormal wear occurs. A stable differential function and a limited differential function can be obtained.
【００５６】これに加えて、ピニオンギヤの第１ギヤ部
とサイドギヤとの噛み合い部の径方向内側に開口を設け
たことにより、デファレンシャル装置の静止時は、重力
によってオイルの流れが促進され、デファレンシャル装
置の回転時は、遠心力によってオイルの流れが促進さ
れ、潤滑性を更に向上させる。In addition to this, by providing an opening radially inside the meshing portion of the first gear portion of the pinion gear and the side gear, the flow of oil is promoted by gravity when the differential device is stationary, and the differential device During rotation, the oil flow is promoted by the centrifugal force, further improving the lubricity.
【図１】本発明の一実施形態を示す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１のＡ矢視図である。FIG. 2 is a view on arrow A in FIG.
【図３】図１の要部拡大図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 1;
【図４】従来例の断面図である。FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a conventional example.
１ デファレンシャル装置 ３ デフケ−ス １３、１５ 出力側サイドギヤ ３１、３３ 収納孔 ３５、３７ ピニオンギヤ ３９、４７ 第１ギヤ部 ４１、４３、４９、５１ 第２ギヤ部 ４５ 軸部 ５３、５５ 空間 ５９、６１ 開口 1 Differential Device 3 Differential Case 13, 15 Output Side Gear 31, 33 Storage Hole 35, 37 Pinion Gear 39, 47 First Gear Part 41, 43, 49, 51 Second Gear Part 45 Shaft Part 53, 55 Space 59, 61 Opening
Claims (3)
配置されエンジンの駆動力により回転駆動されるデフケ
−スと、デフケ−スの内部で回転自在に支承された一対
の出力側サイドギヤと、これらサイドギヤの径方向外側
に配置されサイドギヤと各別に噛み合う第１ギヤ部及び
サイドギヤの軸方向外側で互いに噛み合う第２ギヤ部を
有する少なくとも一対のピニオンギヤと、デフケ−スに
形成され各ピニオンギヤを摺動回転自在に収納する収納
孔と、デフケ−スに形成され前記第２ギヤ部の噛み合い
部及び第１ギヤ部とサイドギヤとの噛み合い部に連通す
る空間と、デフケ−スに形成され前記オイル溜りのオイ
ルをこの空間に導く開口とを備えたことを特徴とするデ
ファレンシャル装置。1. A differential case, which is arranged inside a casing having an oil sump and is rotationally driven by a driving force of an engine, and a pair of output side gears rotatably supported inside the differential case. At least a pair of pinion gears having a first gear portion arranged radially outside of these side gears and separately meshing with the side gears and a second gear portion meshing with each other on the axially outer side of the side gears, and the pinion gears formed on the differential case and sliding on each pinion gear. A storage hole that is rotatably accommodated, a space that communicates with the meshing portion of the second gear portion and the meshing portion of the first gear portion and the side gear that are formed in the differential gear, and the oil reservoir that is formed in the differential gear. A differential device having an opening for guiding oil to this space.
ヤ部の間に相手側ピニオンギヤと噛み合うサイドギヤと
の干渉を避ける小径の軸部を有し、各第２ギヤ部が両サ
イドギヤの軸方向両側で噛み合う一対の等長ピニオンギ
ヤからなり、空間と開口とがデフケ−スの軸方向両側部
に設けられた請求項１のデファレンシャル装置。2. A pair of pinion gears have a shaft portion having a small diameter between the first and second gear portions, which avoids interference with a side gear meshing with a mating pinion gear, and each second gear portion has a shaft of both side gears. 2. The differential device according to claim 1, comprising a pair of equal-length pinion gears meshing with each other on both sides in the direction, and the space and the opening are provided on both axial sides of the differential case.
み合い部の径方向内側に設けられた請求項１または２の
デファレンシャル装置。3. The differential device according to claim 1, wherein the opening is provided radially inside of a meshing portion between the first gear portion and the side gear.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25362695A JP3742135B2 (en) | 1995-09-29 | 1995-09-29 | Differential device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25362695A JP3742135B2 (en) | 1995-09-29 | 1995-09-29 | Differential device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0996350A true JPH0996350A (en) | 1997-04-08 |
| JP3742135B2 JP3742135B2 (en) | 2006-02-01 |
Family
ID=17253968
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25362695A Expired - Fee Related JP3742135B2 (en) | 1995-09-29 | 1995-09-29 | Differential device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3742135B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1522768A2 (en) * | 2003-10-09 | 2005-04-13 | Toyoda Koki Kabushiki Kaisha | Differential gearing for vehicle |
| DE102014205976B3 (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-07-02 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Oil guide in a differential gearbox |
-
1995
- 1995-09-29 JP JP25362695A patent/JP3742135B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1522768A2 (en) * | 2003-10-09 | 2005-04-13 | Toyoda Koki Kabushiki Kaisha | Differential gearing for vehicle |
| EP1522768A3 (en) * | 2003-10-09 | 2009-06-17 | Jtekt Corporation | Differential gearing for vehicle |
| DE102014205976B3 (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-07-02 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Oil guide in a differential gearbox |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3742135B2 (en) | 2006-02-01 |
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