JPH09220089A - Ceramic carrier for immobilizing microorganism - Google Patents
Ceramic carrier for immobilizing microorganismInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09220089A JPH09220089A JP8030638A JP3063896A JPH09220089A JP H09220089 A JPH09220089 A JP H09220089A JP 8030638 A JP8030638 A JP 8030638A JP 3063896 A JP3063896 A JP 3063896A JP H09220089 A JPH09220089 A JP H09220089A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- carrier
- weight
- ceramic
- diameter
- microorganism
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、上水の生物化学処
理微生物固定化担体に関するものである。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a biochemically treated microorganism-immobilized carrier for tap water.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】湖沼の富栄養化に伴う植物性のプランク
トンあるいは放線菌、藍藻類などが大増殖した結果、芳
香臭、青草臭、カビ臭、土臭、生ぐさ臭などの好ましく
ない臭いが発生し、とくに水道水のカビ臭（異臭味）が
問題となっている。かび臭の原因となる物質としては、
２−メチルイソボルネオール、ジオスミン（いずれもか
び臭）等が知られている。これらの原因物質を除去する
従来技術としては、 イ）オゾンによる酸化脱臭、ロ）粒状活性炭による吸着
脱臭、ハ）粉末活性炭による吸着脱臭等が知られてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art As a result of large growth of phytoplankton, actinomycetes, and cyanobacteria associated with eutrophication of lakes, unpleasant odors such as aromatic odor, green grass odor, mold odor, earthy odor, and raw odor are generated. However, the musty odor (off-flavor) of tap water is a particular problem. Substances that cause musty odor include
2-Methylisoborneol, diosmin (all musty odor), etc. are known. Known techniques for removing these causative substances include a) oxidative deodorization with ozone, b) adsorption deodorization with granular activated carbon, and c) adsorption deodorization with powdered activated carbon.
【０００３】オゾン処理は、かび臭物質が原因となる藻
類の体内に保持されている場合には、カビ臭物質を体外
に放出させた後処理を行うため、高いオゾン注入率が必
要となり、注入したオゾンの分解やオゾンによって生成
した物質を除去するために粒状活性炭処理を併用する必
要がある。また、粒状活性炭処理では、カビ臭物質に対
する処理性能が維持できる期間が短く、例えば原水の２
−メチルイソボルネオール濃度２００ｍｇ／ｌに対して
９０〜１２０日程度であり活性炭の再生を行わねばなら
ない。また、カビ臭物質は粉末活性炭でもある程度除去
できるが、原水に注入した後は汚泥として排出され、活
性炭の再利用が不可能なだけでなく、汚泥処理負荷を増
し、有効利用の点からも問題である。In the case of ozone treatment, when a musty odor substance is retained in the body of algae, the ozone treatment is performed after the mold odor substance is released to the outside of the body. In order to decompose ozone and remove substances generated by ozone, it is necessary to use granular activated carbon treatment in combination. Further, in the granular activated carbon treatment, the period during which the treatment performance for musty odor substances can be maintained is short, and for example, 2
-For a methylisoborneol concentration of 200 mg / l, it takes about 90 to 120 days and activated carbon must be regenerated. In addition, mold odor substances can be removed to some extent with powdered activated carbon, but after being injected into raw water, they are discharged as sludge, making it impossible to reuse activated carbon and increasing the sludge treatment load, which is a problem in terms of effective utilization. Is.
【０００４】一方、川砂を充填した固定床（砂濾過層）
に水を通すことによって、水中に棲息する細菌類、酵母
類が担体に棲みつく。その中でカビ臭物質である２−メ
チルイソボルネオールあるいはジオスミンの分解には特
にＰｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓ属やＦｌａｖｏｂａｃｔｅｒ
ｉｕｍ属に属する細菌等が有力であることが知られてい
る。そこで、従来、カビ臭を除去する目的で使用する固
定床にはアンスラサイト、シャモット粒などが使われて
いる。アンスラサイトはわずかに細孔を有するが、細孔
径が０．１μｍ以下のものが大半で細孔が小さく微生物
の付着には殆ど寄与しない。シャモットも、アンスラサ
イトよりやや大きめの細孔分布を有するが、それでも１
０μｍ程度までであり、また細孔容積も充分でなく、微
生物を効率よく付着させるための濾材としては不適切で
ある。On the other hand, a fixed bed (sand filtration layer) filled with river sand
Bacteria and yeasts that live in water settle in the carrier by passing water through them. Among them, Pseudomonas spp.
It is known that bacteria belonging to the genus ium are influential. Therefore, conventionally, anthracite, chamotte grains, etc. have been used for the fixed bed used for the purpose of removing the musty odor. Anthracite has a small number of pores, but most of them have a pore diameter of 0.1 μm or less, and the pores are small and do not contribute to the attachment of microorganisms. Chamotte also has a slightly larger pore size distribution than anthracite, but still 1
It is up to about 0 μm and the pore volume is not sufficient, which is unsuitable as a filter medium for efficiently adhering microorganisms.
【０００５】また、セラミックを用いたものでは、平均
径が１〜３ｍｍの一次ポアと平均径が１０〜１５０μｍ
の二次ポアを有するセラミック体が特開昭６３−２８６
号公報に記載されているが、アルミナ粉末、水およびウ
レタン系で２液性の発泡剤を混合して気泡を形成した後
に焼成するものであるが製造が煩雑でまたセラミック体
の強度が得られにくい。また、廃水処理用セラミックで
は、表面積が４００ｍ2／ｇ 以下の炭素質担体が特開昭
６２−２９６８７８号公報、特公平７−７７６３９号公
報に開示されているが、微生物との親和性はあるが強度
が得られにくい。また、多孔質のセラミックを用いた特
開昭６０−１５０８９３号公報、内部が中空の多孔質セ
ラミックスを用いた特開昭６１−２８７４９５号公報が
開示されている。これらの多孔質セラミック担体につい
ては、流動床式の廃水処理用であり、粒形状、気孔径、
量の開示はなく、固定床式の上水処理用にはすぐさま利
用できない欠点がある。また、高炉水砕スラグに粘土及
び気孔形成材を配合、焼成した廃水処理用の担体が特開
昭６３−７７５９６号公報において提案されているが、
高炉水砕を用いた担体は、高炉水砕スラグに含まれてい
る多量の酸化カルシウム成分によってカルシウムイオン
の溶出が多く、塩酸可溶率が著しく高い値を示すという
欠点がある。In the case of using ceramics, the average pore diameter is 1 to 3 mm and the average pore diameter is 10 to 150 μm.
A ceramic body having secondary pores of JP-A-63-286
As described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. JP-A No. 2003-242242, alumina powder, water and a urethane type two-component foaming agent are mixed to form bubbles and then fired, but the production is complicated and the strength of the ceramic body can be obtained. Hateful. Further, as a ceramic for wastewater treatment, a carbonaceous carrier having a surface area of 400 m 2 / g or less is disclosed in JP-A-62-296878 and JP-B-7-77639, but it has affinity with microorganisms. However, it is difficult to obtain strength. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-150893 using porous ceramics and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-287495 using porous ceramics having a hollow interior are disclosed. These porous ceramic carriers are for fluidized bed wastewater treatment, and have a particle shape, pore diameter,
Since the amount is not disclosed, it has a drawback that it cannot be immediately used for fixed bed type water treatment. Further, a carrier for treating wastewater, which is obtained by mixing clay and a pore-forming material into granulated blast furnace slag and firing the mixture, is proposed in JP-A-63-77596.
The carrier using granulated blast furnace has a drawback in that a large amount of calcium oxide component contained in the granulated blast furnace slag causes a large amount of calcium ions to be eluted, and the solubility of hydrochloric acid is extremely high.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、上水中のカ
ビ臭の発現物質を生物化学的処理により分解、無臭化す
るのに適した上水処理用微生物固定化担体を提供するこ
とを課題とするものである。さらに本発明は水中に棲息
する細菌類を固定化して、固定化した微生物の作用によ
って水を生物処理するのに適しており、かつ、空気、水
等の手段による逆洗操作を受けても固定化微生物が剥離
しにくく、かつ、逆洗操作によって担体自体が損傷、崩
壊しにくい上水処理用微生物固定化担体を提供するもの
である。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a microorganism-immobilized carrier for treating water, which is suitable for decomposing and deodorizing a mold odor-producing substance in tap water by biochemical treatment. It is what Furthermore, the present invention is suitable for immobilizing bacteria living in water and biologically treating water by the action of immobilized microorganisms, and immobilizing even when subjected to backwashing operation by means of air, water, etc. The present invention provides a carrier for immobilizing microorganisms for treating water, wherein the modified microorganisms are less likely to peel off and the carrier itself is less likely to be damaged or disintegrated by backwashing.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、シリカ−アル
ミナ系珪酸質原料７５〜２５重量％、粘土２５重量％未
満からなる骨材に、気孔形成剤を添加して成形、焼成し
たセラミック質微生物固定化担体である。また、平均径
１〜８ｍｍ、均等係数１．０〜２．０の粒度分布を有す
る前記のセラミック質微生物固定化担体である。表面積
が３００〜１３００ｍ2／ｍ3である前記のセラミック質
微生物固定化担体である。径が０．０５〜４００μｍの
気孔を有する前記のセラミック質微生物固定化担体であ
る。形状が球状、アーモンド状、円柱状のいずれかであ
る前記のセラミック質微生物固定化担体である。見掛け
気孔率が２０〜５０％である前記のセラミック質微生物
固定化担体である。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a ceramic material obtained by adding a pore-forming agent to an aggregate consisting of 75 to 25% by weight of silica-alumina-based siliceous raw material and less than 25% by weight of clay, followed by firing. It is a microorganism-immobilized carrier. Further, it is the above-mentioned ceramic microbial-immobilized carrier having a particle size distribution having an average diameter of 1 to 8 mm and a uniform coefficient of 1.0 to 2.0. The above-mentioned ceramic-based microorganism-immobilized carrier having a surface area of 300 to 1300 m 2 / m 3 . The above-mentioned ceramic microbial-immobilized carrier having pores with a diameter of 0.05 to 400 μm. The above-mentioned ceramic microbial-immobilized carrier is spherical, almond-shaped, or cylindrical in shape. The above-mentioned ceramic microbial immobilization carrier having an apparent porosity of 20 to 50%.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明のセラミック質微生物固定
化担体に用いる原料は、ケイ酸質原料の微粉、粘土質原
料、焼成工程で消失する気孔形成剤、および造粒を容易
ならしめる水分である。珪酸質原料は、ＳｉＯ2 −Ａｌ
2Ｏ3系を主成分とするものが好ましく、アルミナが多い
ものでは嵩比重が高くなりすぎ、ＭｇＯ、ＣａＯを含む
ものは水和分解、あるいは耐塩酸可溶性に劣り、クロム
質ではクロムイオンの溶出に問題がある。ＳｉＯ2−Ａ
ｌ2Ｏ3系で焼結温度が比較的低いケイ酸質の成分が多い
原料が好ましく、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｒ、Ｃｄ、Ａｓ等の有
害金属元素を含まないもので、ＳｉＯ2 ５５〜８５％、
Ａｌ2Ｏ3 １０〜２５％のケイ酸質原料がこのましい。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The raw material used for the carrier for immobilizing ceramics of the present invention is fine powder of siliceous raw material, clay-like raw material, pore-forming agent that disappears in the firing step, and water that facilitates granulation. is there. The siliceous raw material is SiO 2 -Al
Those containing 2 O 3 as the main component are preferable, and those containing a large amount of alumina have a too high bulk specific gravity, and those containing MgO and CaO are poor in hydration decomposition or inferior in hydrochloric acid solubility, and chromium ions are eluted in chromium. I have a problem. SiO 2 -A
A raw material containing a large amount of siliceous components having a relatively low sintering temperature of 1 2 O 3 and containing no harmful metal elements such as Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, and As, SiO 2 55 to 85% ,
A siliceous raw material containing 10 to 25% of Al 2 O 3 is preferable.
【０００９】その配合率は７５〜９５重量％で、７５重
量％未満では粘土の使用量が増加し、緻密化して気孔径
も微細化し、微生物の棲息に好ましくない。また、ケイ
酸質原料の粒度は３００μｍ以下で、好ましくは４４μ
ｍ以下が好ましい。３００μｍ以上を含有すると造粒性
に劣る。The blending ratio is 75 to 95% by weight, and if it is less than 75% by weight, the amount of clay used increases, and the clay is densified and the pore diameter becomes finer, which is not preferable for habitation of microorganisms. The particle size of the siliceous raw material is 300 μm or less, preferably 44 μm.
m or less is preferable. If it contains 300 μm or more, the granulation property is poor.
【００１０】粘土は木節粘土、水簸粘土、ベントナイト
等を用いることができ、造粒を容易ならしめる作用と焼
結強度が得られる。その配合量は骨材に対し５〜２５重
量％であり、２５重量％を超えて配合しては、シャモッ
ト粒に近い緻密性と１μｍ以下の微細気孔分布となり、
微生物担体として好ましくない。また、５重量％未満で
は造粒が困難となる。また、造粒性を増すために、ＣＭ
Ｃ、ＰＶＡ、デキストリン等の水溶性高分子バインダー
を若干添加することもできる。As the clay, kibushi clay, elutriated clay, bentonite and the like can be used, and the effect of facilitating granulation and the sintering strength can be obtained. The blending amount is 5 to 25% by weight with respect to the aggregate, and when blending over 25% by weight, the compactness is close to chamotte grains and the fine pore distribution is 1 μm or less,
Not preferred as a microbial carrier. If it is less than 5% by weight, granulation becomes difficult. In addition, in order to increase the granulation property, CM
A small amount of a water-soluble polymer binder such as C, PVA or dextrin may be added.
【００１１】気孔形成剤は０．１〜１．０ｍｍであり、
好ましくは０．２〜０．６ｍｍの粒度である焼成の際に
消失する木粉、廃プラスチック粉砕粒、コーヒー粕、モ
ミ穀粉砕物、コークス粉、石炭粉末、活性炭微粒子、ヤ
シ殻炭粉末、麩（ふすま）等を用いることができる。気
孔形成剤の粒度が０．１ｍｍ未満では担体の気孔径分布
で８μｍ未満のものが多くなり、細菌、酵母類の増殖に
適した８〜４００μｍのものが少なくなり好ましくな
い。また、１ｍｍを超える粒子を含むと、４００μｍ以
上の気孔が多くなり、担体が脆くなり逆洗操作での消耗
が激しくなる。The pore-forming agent is 0.1 to 1.0 mm,
Preferable particle size is 0.2 to 0.6 mm, which disappears upon firing, wood powder, waste plastic crushed grains, coffee grounds, fir grain crushed products, coke powder, coal powder, activated carbon fine particles, coconut shell charcoal powder, and wheat flour. (Bran) or the like can be used. When the particle size of the pore-forming agent is less than 0.1 mm, the pore size distribution of the carrier is often less than 8 μm, and the number of 8-400 μm suitable for the growth of bacteria and yeasts is not preferable. Further, when the particles containing more than 1 mm are included, the number of pores of 400 μm or more increases, the carrier becomes brittle, and the consumption in the backwashing operation becomes severe.
【００１２】その配合量は骨材に対して５〜２５重量％
で、５重量％未満では気孔率が小さく、蒿比重の低下が
少ない。２５重量％を超えると気孔率は大きくなり、気
孔径８〜４００μｍの割合も大きくなり、微生物の担持
量の増大には好ましいが、担体強度の低下、硬さの低下
が大きくなる。The blending amount is 5 to 25% by weight with respect to the aggregate.
When it is less than 5% by weight, the porosity is small and the drop in specific gravity of the fly is small. If it exceeds 25% by weight, the porosity increases, and the ratio of the pore diameter of 8 to 400 μm also increases, which is preferable for increasing the amount of microorganisms supported, but the strength of the carrier and the hardness decrease.
【００１３】前述の骨材と気孔形成剤と水を混合して造
粒する造粒手段は、特に制限されるものではないが、バ
スケット型造粒機、アーモンド型ブリケッティングマシ
ン、円板型ダイス水平式押し出し造粒機等により球形、
アーモンド形、円柱形等の形状に造粒することが好まし
い。造粒の際の粒度は、平均径１〜８ｍｍが好ましく、
１ｍｍ未満を多く含むと原水中に含まれる浮遊汚泥物質
が担体充填層中に詰まり易いので、生物化学的な処理が
できなくなる。また、平均粒径が８ｍｍを超える粒径の
ものを多く含むと、充填層の担体表面積が小さくなり微
生物の付着量が少なくなるので、大きな充填層容積を必
要とするので好ましくない。焼成温度は１０５０〜１４
５０℃が好ましいが、担体の焼成後のＪＩＳ硬さが８０
％を超える焼成温度が好ましく、１１００〜１３００℃
が適している。The granulating means for mixing the above-mentioned aggregate, pore-forming agent and water for granulation is not particularly limited, but it is a basket type granulator, almond type briquetting machine, disk type. Spherical shape by die horizontal extrusion granulator, etc.
It is preferable to granulate into an almond shape, a cylindrical shape, or the like. The average particle size of granules during granulation is preferably 1 to 8 mm,
If the content is less than 1 mm, the suspended sludge substance contained in the raw water is apt to be clogged in the carrier packed bed, so that biochemical treatment cannot be performed. In addition, when a large amount of particles having an average particle diameter of more than 8 mm is included, the carrier surface area of the packed bed becomes small and the amount of microorganisms attached decreases, which requires a large packed bed volume, which is not preferable. The firing temperature is 1050-14
50 ° C is preferable, but the JIS hardness after firing of the carrier is 80
%, The firing temperature is preferably 1100 to 1300 ° C.
Is suitable.
【００１４】上水異臭味除去作用を有する細菌類等は、
BERGEY'S MANUAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGYによれ
ば、Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓ属で直径０．５〜１．０μ
ｍ、長さ１．５〜５μｍ、Ｆｌａｖｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉａ
ｍ属で幅０．５μｍ、長さ１．０〜３．０μｍであり、
担体の気孔径分布は細菌、酵母類の初期の棲息場所とな
り、増殖して担体表面に生物膜が形成される。担体にと
って必要なことは、生物化学処理に適した微生物が速や
かに棲息、増殖して安定した微生物層である、いわゆる
生物膜が形成維持されることが重要である。Bacteria and the like having a clean water off-flavor removing action are
According to BERGEY'S MANUAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY, Pseudomonas genus has a diameter of 0.5-1.0μ.
m, length 1.5-5 μm, Flavobacterium
m group has a width of 0.5 μm and a length of 1.0 to 3.0 μm,
The pore size distribution of the carrier serves as an initial habitat for bacteria and yeasts, which proliferate and form a biofilm on the surface of the carrier. What is required for the carrier is that microorganisms suitable for biochemical treatment are swiftly inhabited and proliferated so that a stable microbial layer, that is, a so-called biofilm is formed and maintained.
【００１５】本発明の担体は、気孔径分布は０．０５〜
４００μｍで、骨材粒子間に形成される０．０５〜８μ
ｍの気孔は細菌、酵母類が入り込み、初期の生息場所と
して着床し易い。また、気孔形成剤によって担体に形成
された８〜４００μｍの気孔には、細菌、酵母類を担持
することができる。とくに、小径からから大径に及ぶ気
孔によって担体表面には凹凸が形成され、細菌、酵母類
が大量に生息し、逆洗操作で剥離しがたい安定した生物
膜が得られる。The carrier of the present invention has a pore size distribution of 0.05 to.
0.05 ~ 8μ formed between aggregate particles at 400μm
Bacteria and yeasts enter the pores of m and are easy to implant as an initial habitat. In addition, bacteria and yeasts can be carried in the pores of 8 to 400 μm formed on the carrier by the pore forming agent. In particular, pores ranging from small diameter to large diameter form irregularities on the surface of the carrier, a large amount of bacteria and yeasts inhabit, and a stable biofilm that is difficult to peel off by backwashing operation can be obtained.
【００１６】本発明の担体の見掛気孔率は、好ましくは
２０〜５０％であり、さらに好ましくは３０〜５０％で
ある。気孔率が５０％を超えると担体の単位体積当たり
の微生物担持量は増大するが、担体の硬さは８０％未満
と低下し、担体の損傷や崩壊がし易くなる。また、気孔
率が２０％未満では、担体の硬さは得られるが、微生物
担持量は低下し好ましくない。担体の硬さは８０％以上
が好ましい。平均径は担持体表面積に関係し、 （１）平均直径２．４×平均長さ４．５ｍｍ形状にて約
１２００ｍ2／ｍ3 （２）平均直径４．１×平均長さ５．９ｍｍ形状にて約
７５０ｍ2／ｍ3 （３）平均直径５．１×平均長さ５．５ｍｍ形状にて約
６００ｍ2／ｍ3 （４）平均直径７．６×平均長さ８．９ｍｍ形状にて約
３８０ｍ2／ｍ3 となって、平均径の小さい方が単位体積当たりの微生物
担持量は増大して好ましいが、原水中に含まれる浮遊物
質（ＳＳ）の量が多い場合、担体充填層中で詰まりが発
生し、生物化学処理に支障が起きるので平均径としては
３〜８ｍｍ範囲が好ましい。The apparent porosity of the carrier of the present invention is preferably 20 to 50%, more preferably 30 to 50%. When the porosity exceeds 50%, the amount of microorganisms supported per unit volume of the carrier increases, but the hardness of the carrier decreases to less than 80%, and the carrier is easily damaged or disintegrated. If the porosity is less than 20%, the hardness of the carrier can be obtained, but the amount of microorganisms carried is reduced, which is not preferable. The hardness of the carrier is preferably 80% or more. The average diameter is related to the surface area of the carrier, and (1) average diameter 2.4 × average length 4.5 mm shape is approximately 1200 m 2 / m 3 (2) average diameter 4.1 × average length 5.9 mm shape Approximately 750 m 2 / m 3 (3) With an average diameter of 5.1 × average length 5.5 mm shape About 600 m 2 / m 3 (4) With an average diameter of 7.6 × average length 8.9 mm shape It becomes about 380 m 2 / m 3, and the smaller the average diameter is, the more the amount of microorganisms supported per unit volume increases. However, when the amount of suspended solids (SS) contained in the raw water is large, it is in the carrier packed bed. Since clogging occurs and the biochemical treatment is hindered, the average diameter is preferably in the range of 3 to 8 mm.
【００１７】したがって、担体の表面積は３００〜１３
００ｍ2／ｍ3が好ましい。３００ｍ2／ｍ3未満では、微
生物付着量が少なく、多大の担体充填層容積を必要とし
て好ましくなく、１３００ｍ2／ｍ3を超えると担体粒子
径が２ｍｍ以下となり、浮遊物質（ＳＳ）による閉塞が
起こり易く好ましくない。Therefore, the surface area of the carrier is 300 to 13
00 m 2 / m 3 is preferred. If it is less than 300 m 2 / m 3 , the amount of adhering microorganisms is small and a large volume of the carrier-packed bed is required, and if it exceeds 1300 m 2 / m 3 , the carrier particle size becomes 2 mm or less, and clogging by suspended solids (SS) occurs. It is easy to occur and not preferable.
【００１８】ＪＷＷＡ Ａ１０３（日本水道協会規格）
水道用濾材試験方法によって定義される均等係数は１よ
り大になるにしたがって最大径と最小径の差が大とな
り、２．０を超えると逆洗操作において小径粒子はより
高位に浮上し、大径粒子は下位に偏析し好ましくない。
したがって、好ましくは均等係数は１．０〜２．０がよ
い。また、本発明の生物化学的処理用担体は、上水に限
らず、都市下水の生物化学的処理、産業廃水の生物化学
的処理にも適し、メタン発酵菌などの微生物をあらかじ
め担持することによって、嫌気性有機質廃水処理に利用
できる。JWWA A103 (Japan Waterworks Association Standard)
As the evenness coefficient defined by the water filter media test method becomes larger than 1, the difference between the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter becomes large, and when it exceeds 2.0, the small-diameter particles float to a higher level in the backwashing operation, Particles of small diameter segregate to the lower part, which is not preferable.
Therefore, the uniform coefficient is preferably 1.0 to 2.0. Further, the carrier for biochemical treatment of the present invention is not limited to tap water, biochemical treatment of municipal sewage, biochemical treatment of industrial wastewater, by supporting microorganisms such as methane-fermenting bacteria in advance. Can be used for anaerobic organic wastewater treatment.
【００１９】[0019]
【実施例】以下に実施例および比較例を示して本発明を
説明する。実施例、比較例で用いた珪酸質原料の組成を
表１に、粘度、ベントナイトの組成を表２に重量％で示
す。EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. Table 1 shows the composition of the siliceous raw materials used in Examples and Comparative Examples, and Table 2 shows the viscosity and the composition of bentonite in% by weight.
【００２０】[0020]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２１】[0021]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２２】実施例１ ケイ酸質原料微粉９０重量％、水簸粘土１０重量％、木
粉外掛１０重量％、水分外掛１４重量％をニーダーで混
練し、直径５ｍｍの孔のバスケット型造粒機にて円柱状
の造粒を行った。造粒物は乾燥し、１２００℃で３時間
で焼成した。焼成後に２．８〜８．０ｍｍで篩分けし
た。得られたセラミック質微生物固定化担体を以下に記
載の評価方法で評価をし、カビ臭の除去率を測定し、そ
の結果を表３に示す。Example 1 90% by weight of fine powder of siliceous material, 10% by weight of elutriated clay, 10% by weight of wood powder and 14% by weight of water content were kneaded with a kneader to form a basket type granulator having a hole of 5 mm in diameter. The columnar granulation was carried out. The granulated product was dried and calcined at 1200 ° C. for 3 hours. After firing, it was sieved to 2.8-8.0 mm. The obtained ceramic microbial-immobilized carrier was evaluated by the evaluation method described below, the mold odor removal rate was measured, and the results are shown in Table 3.
【００２３】実施例２ ケイ酸質原料微粉９０重量％、水簸粘土１０重量％、コ
ークス粉外掛１０重量％、水分外掛１２重量％をニーダ
ーで混練し、アーモンド型ブリケッティングマシンにて
直径５ｍｍの造粒を行った。造粒物は乾燥し、１２００
℃で３時間で焼成した。焼成後２．８〜６．７ｍｍで篩
分けした。得られたものをセラミック質微生物固定化担
体として、実施例１同様に評価をし、その結果を表３に
示す。Example 2 90% by weight of fine powder of siliceous raw material, 10% by weight of elutriated clay, 10% by weight of external coke powder and 12% by weight of external moisture were kneaded with a kneader, and the diameter was 5 mm with an almond type briquetting machine. Was granulated. Granulate dried, 1200
It was calcined at 0 ° C. for 3 hours. After calcination, it was sieved at 2.8 to 6.7 mm. The obtained product was used as a ceramic microorganism-immobilized carrier and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 3.
【００２４】実施例３ ケイ酸質原料微粉９０重量％、ベントナイト１０重量
％、木粉外掛１０重量％、水分外掛１２重量％をニーダ
ーで混練し、円板型ダイス水平式押し出し造粒機にて直
径４ｍｍの円柱状の造粒した。造粒物は乾燥し、１２０
０℃で３時間焼成した。焼成後２．８〜８．０ｍｍで篩
分けした。得られたものをセラミック質微生物固定化担
体として、実施例１同様に評価をし、その結果を表３に
示す。Example 3 90% by weight of siliceous raw material fine powder, 10% by weight of bentonite, 10% by weight of wood powder and 12% by weight of water were kneaded with a kneader, and then a disk-type die horizontal extrusion granulator was used. A columnar granulation having a diameter of 4 mm was performed. Granulate dried, 120
Baking at 0 ° C. for 3 hours. After calcination, it was sieved to 2.8-8.0 mm. The obtained product was used as a ceramic microorganism-immobilized carrier and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 3.
【００２５】実施例４ ケイ酸質原料微粉８０重量％、水簸粘土２０重量％、コ
ークス粉外掛２０重量％、水分外掛１４重量％をニーダ
ーで混練し、アーモンド型ブリケッティングマシンにて
直径５ｍｍのアーモンド型造粒を行った。造粒物は乾燥
し、１２００℃で３時間焼成した。焼成後２．８〜６．
７ｍｍで篩分けした。得られたものをセラミック質微生
物固定化担体として、実施例１同様に評価をし、その結
果を表３に示す。Example 4 80% by weight of fine powder of siliceous raw material, 20% by weight of elutriated clay, 20% by weight of external coke powder and 14% by weight of external moisture were kneaded with a kneader, and the diameter was 5 mm with an almond type briquetting machine. Almond-type granulation was performed. The granulated product was dried and calcined at 1200 ° C. for 3 hours. After firing 2.8-6.
Screened at 7 mm. The obtained product was used as a ceramic microorganism-immobilized carrier and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 3.
【００２６】実施例５ ケイ酸質原料微粉８０重量％、水簸粘土２０重量％、木
粉外掛１５重量％、水分外掛１４重量％をニーダーで混
練し、円板型ダイス水平式押し出し造粒機にて直径４ｍ
ｍの円柱状の造粒した。造粒物は乾燥し、１２００℃で
３時間焼成した。焼成後２．８〜８．０ｍｍで篩分けし
た。得られたものをセラミック質微生物固定化担体とし
て、実施例１同様に評価をし、その結果を表３に示す。Example 5 80% by weight of fine powder of siliceous raw material, 20% by weight of elutriated clay, 15% by weight of wood powder and 14% by weight of water were kneaded with a kneader, and a disk-type die horizontal extrusion granulator was used. At 4m in diameter
m columnar granulation. The granulated product was dried and calcined at 1200 ° C. for 3 hours. After calcination, it was sieved to 2.8-8.0 mm. The obtained product was used as a ceramic microorganism-immobilized carrier and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 3.
【００２７】実施例６ ケイ酸質原料微粉８０重量％、水簸粘土２０重量％、木
粉外掛２０重量％、水分外掛１５重量％をニーダーで混
練し、円板型ダイス水平式押し出し造粒機にて直径４ｍ
ｍの円柱状の造粒した。造粒物は乾燥し、１２００℃で
３時間焼成した。焼成後２．８〜８．０ｍｍで篩分けし
た。得られたものをセラミック質微生物固定化担体とし
て、実施例１同様に評価をし、その結果を表４に示す。Example 6 80% by weight of fine powder of siliceous material, 20% by weight of elutriated clay, 20% by weight of external powder of wood powder, and 15% by weight of external water content were kneaded with a kneader, and a disk-type die horizontal extrusion granulator. At 4m in diameter
m columnar granulation. The granulated product was dried and calcined at 1200 ° C. for 3 hours. After calcination, it was sieved to 2.8-8.0 mm. The obtained product was used as a ceramic microorganism-immobilized carrier and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 4.
【００２８】実施例７ ケイ酸質原料微粉８０重量％、水簸粘土２０重量％、木
粉外掛２５重量％、水分外掛１６重量％をニーダーで混
練し、円板型ダイス水平式押し出し造粒機にて直径４ｍ
ｍの円柱状に造粒した。造粒物は乾燥し、１２００℃で
３時間で焼成した。焼成後２．８〜８．０ｍｍで篩分け
した。得られたものをセラミック質微生物固定化担体と
して、実施例１同様に評価をし、その結果を表４に示
す。Example 7 80% by weight of siliceous raw material fine powder, 20% by weight of elutriated clay, 25% by weight of external powder of wood powder and 16% by weight of external water content were kneaded with a kneader, and a disk-type die horizontal extrusion granulator was kneaded. At 4m in diameter
It was granulated into a cylindrical column of m. The granulated product was dried and calcined at 1200 ° C. for 3 hours. After calcination, it was sieved to 2.8-8.0 mm. The obtained product was used as a ceramic microorganism-immobilized carrier and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 4.
【００２９】比較例１ 濾材として用いられているアンスラサイトを使用し、実
施例１同様に評価をし、その結果を表４に示す。Comparative Example 1 Anthracite used as a filter medium was used and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 4.
【００３０】比較例２ 表１および表２に示した珪酸質原料微粉９０重量％、水
簸粘土１０重量％、水分１２重量％をニーダーで混練
し、直径４ｍｍの円柱状に造粒し、造粒物を乾燥し、１
２００℃で３時間焼成した。焼成後２．８〜８．０ｍｍ
で篩分けした。得られたものをセラミック質微生物固定
化担体として、実施例１同様に評価をし、その結果を表
４に示す。Comparative Example 2 90% by weight of the fine powder of siliceous raw material, 10% by weight of elutriated clay, and 12% by weight of water shown in Table 1 and Table 2 were kneaded with a kneader and granulated into a columnar shape having a diameter of 4 mm. Dry the granules, 1
It was baked at 200 ° C. for 3 hours. After firing 2.8-8.0mm
And sieved. The obtained product was used as a ceramic microorganism-immobilized carrier and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 4.
【００３１】[0031]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００３２】[0032]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００３３】表において各項目は、以下を表す。 １）平均径：メジアン径を示し、５０重量％中位径であ
る。 ２）有効径、均等係数、最大径、最小径、塩酸可溶率：
いずれもＪＷＷＡ Ａ１０３（日本水道協会規格）水道
用濾材試験方法による。 ３）硬さ試験：ＪＩＳ Ｋ１４７４ 造粒活性炭試験方
法 ４）１０％膨張水洗流速：内径５７．５ｍｍ、高さ１０
００ｍｍの透明アクリル樹脂製管を垂直に立て、底部に
ステンレス網を設け、５００ｍｍの高さに担体を充填
し、下部より水道水を上方に流した時の担体充填層高さ
が１０％増加に要する流速 ５）気孔径分布：水銀圧入法による気孔径分布測定。 ６）カビ臭除去率：生物化学処理装置の容量０．１９ｍ
3の充填塔に担体を１５０ｋｇ充填し、ジオスミンを１
４０〜３５０ｐｐｔ含有する水を２４０ｍ3／日で２ヶ
月間通水した後のジオスミン除去率で示した。In the table, each item represents the following. 1) Average diameter: The median diameter is shown, and the median diameter is 50% by weight. 2) Effective diameter, uniformity coefficient, maximum diameter, minimum diameter, hydrochloric acid solubility:
All are based on JWWA A103 (Japan Waterworks Association Standard) water filter media test method. 3) Hardness test: JIS K1474 Granulated activated carbon test method 4) 10% expansion water washing flow velocity: inner diameter 57.5 mm, height 10
A 00 mm transparent acrylic resin tube is erected vertically, a stainless net is installed at the bottom, and the carrier is filled to a height of 500 mm. When the tap water flows upward from the bottom, the carrier packed bed height increases by 10%. Required flow velocity 5) Pore size distribution: Pore size distribution measurement by mercury porosimetry. 6) Mold odor removal rate: Biochemical treatment equipment capacity 0.19 m
Pack 150 kg of carrier into the packed tower of 3 and add 1 of diosmin.
The diosmin removal rate was shown after water containing 40 to 350 ppt was passed at 240 m 3 / day for 2 months.
【００３４】[0034]
【発明の効果】活性炭、あるいは従来の生物化学的処理
担体よりも、上水のカビ臭の原因物質である２−メチル
イソボルネオールおよびジオスミンを高度に除去するこ
とができ、硝化菌の担体にも優れ、アンモニア性窒素の
除去の効果も得られる。EFFECT OF THE INVENTION 2-Methylisoborneol and diosmin, which are the causative agents of the musty odor of tap water, can be removed to a higher degree than activated carbon or conventional biochemically treated carriers, and it can also be used as a carrier for nitrifying bacteria. Excellent, and the effect of removing ammoniacal nitrogen is also obtained.
【００３５】さらに原水中の浮遊物質（ＳＳ）濃度に応
じて担体の大きさを選定することにより、適度な濾過機
能が得られる。Further, a proper filtration function can be obtained by selecting the size of the carrier according to the concentration of suspended solids (SS) in the raw water.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 白髭 俊介 岡山県備前市鶴海1490 (72)発明者 辻 猛志 東京都千代田区丸の内１丁目１番２号 日 本鋼管株式会社内 (72)発明者 伊藤 公明 東京都千代田区丸の内１丁目１番２号 日 本鋼管株式会社内 (72)発明者 片桐 一成 東京都千代田区丸の内１丁目１番２号 日 本鋼管株式会社内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Shunsuke Shirahige 1490 Tsurumi, Bizen City, Okayama Prefecture (72) Inventor Takeshi Tsuji 1-2-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Nihon Steel Pipe Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Ito Noriaki Marunouchi 1-2-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Nihon Steel Pipe Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Issei Katagiri 1-2 1-2 Marunouchi Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo
Claims (6)
５重量％、粘土２５重量％未満からなる骨材に、気孔形
成剤を添加して成形、焼成したことを特徴とするセラミ
ック質微生物固定化担体。1. A silica-alumina-based siliceous raw material 75-9.
A ceramic microbial immobilization carrier, which is obtained by adding a pore-forming agent to an aggregate containing less than 5% by weight of clay and less than 25% by weight of clay, followed by molding and firing.
２．０の粒度分布を有することを特徴とする請求項１記
載のセラミック質微生物固定化担体。2. Average diameter of 1 to 8 mm, uniformity coefficient of 1.0 to
The ceramic microbial-immobilized carrier according to claim 1, having a particle size distribution of 2.0.
ることを特徴とする請求項１記載のセラミック質微生物
固定化担体。3. The carrier for immobilizing a ceramic microorganism according to claim 1, which has a surface area of 300 to 1300 m 2 / m 3 .
ることを特徴とする請求項１記載のセラミック質微生物
固定化担体。4. The carrier for immobilizing a ceramic microorganism according to claim 1, which has pores with a diameter of 0.05 to 400 μm.
ずれかであることを特徴とする請求項１記載のセラミッ
ク質微生物固定化担体。5. The carrier for immobilizing a ceramic microorganism according to claim 1, wherein the carrier has a spherical shape, an almond shape, or a columnar shape.
を特徴とする請求項１記載のセラミック質微生物固定化
担体。6. The ceramic microorganism-immobilized carrier according to claim 1, which has an apparent porosity of 20 to 50%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8030638A JPH09220089A (en) | 1996-02-19 | 1996-02-19 | Ceramic carrier for immobilizing microorganism |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8030638A JPH09220089A (en) | 1996-02-19 | 1996-02-19 | Ceramic carrier for immobilizing microorganism |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09220089A true JPH09220089A (en) | 1997-08-26 |
Family
ID=12309388
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8030638A Pending JPH09220089A (en) | 1996-02-19 | 1996-02-19 | Ceramic carrier for immobilizing microorganism |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH09220089A (en) |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000117020A (en) * | 1998-10-16 | 2000-04-25 | Konichi Komatsu | Contact purifying material and its production |
| JP2002519056A (en) * | 1998-07-06 | 2002-07-02 | ダブリュー・アール・グレース・アンド・カンパニー−コーン | Non-macroporous inorganic support for bioremediation |
| JP2002282628A (en) * | 2001-03-26 | 2002-10-02 | Seikatsu Kachi Sozo Jutaku Kaihatsu Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai | Water cleaning filter and water cleaning method |
| JP2003048769A (en) * | 2001-08-03 | 2003-02-21 | Clion Co Ltd | Ceramic formed product and method of producing the same |
| JP2004268036A (en) * | 2003-02-19 | 2004-09-30 | Naohito Shimada | Water quality improver |
| JP2007069117A (en) * | 2005-09-07 | 2007-03-22 | Kyushu Refract Co Ltd | Manufacturing method of activated sludge generation inhibitor |
| ITVR20080141A1 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2010-06-24 | Claudio Zanderigo | METHOD TO OPTIMIZE THE QUALITY OF WATER COURSES |
| JP2012035197A (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2012-02-23 | Tsukishima Kikai Co Ltd | Anaerobic digestion method |
| CN103359829A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-10-23 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | Biological carbonaceous composite porous filler and preparation method thereof |
| CN106745816A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-31 | 东北大学 | The method of sial system ceramic porous material treatment based on immobilized microorganisms sanitary sewage |
| CN108947568A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-12-07 | 中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院有限公司 | A method of alumina bubble brick is prepared using pore creating material |
| WO2022217328A1 (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-20 | Anamar Aquários Eireli Me | Water treatment system that uses ceramic material of high capillarity |
-
1996
- 1996-02-19 JP JP8030638A patent/JPH09220089A/en active Pending
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002519056A (en) * | 1998-07-06 | 2002-07-02 | ダブリュー・アール・グレース・アンド・カンパニー−コーン | Non-macroporous inorganic support for bioremediation |
| JP2000117020A (en) * | 1998-10-16 | 2000-04-25 | Konichi Komatsu | Contact purifying material and its production |
| JP2002282628A (en) * | 2001-03-26 | 2002-10-02 | Seikatsu Kachi Sozo Jutaku Kaihatsu Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai | Water cleaning filter and water cleaning method |
| JP2003048769A (en) * | 2001-08-03 | 2003-02-21 | Clion Co Ltd | Ceramic formed product and method of producing the same |
| JP2004268036A (en) * | 2003-02-19 | 2004-09-30 | Naohito Shimada | Water quality improver |
| JP2007069117A (en) * | 2005-09-07 | 2007-03-22 | Kyushu Refract Co Ltd | Manufacturing method of activated sludge generation inhibitor |
| ITVR20080141A1 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2010-06-24 | Claudio Zanderigo | METHOD TO OPTIMIZE THE QUALITY OF WATER COURSES |
| JP2012035197A (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2012-02-23 | Tsukishima Kikai Co Ltd | Anaerobic digestion method |
| CN103359829A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-10-23 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | Biological carbonaceous composite porous filler and preparation method thereof |
| CN103359829B (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2014-10-08 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | Biological carbonaceous composite porous filler and preparation method thereof |
| CN106745816A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-31 | 东北大学 | The method of sial system ceramic porous material treatment based on immobilized microorganisms sanitary sewage |
| CN108947568A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-12-07 | 中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院有限公司 | A method of alumina bubble brick is prepared using pore creating material |
| CN108947568B (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2021-03-23 | 中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing alumina hollow ball brick by using pore-forming agent |
| WO2022217328A1 (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-20 | Anamar Aquários Eireli Me | Water treatment system that uses ceramic material of high capillarity |
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