JPH0884779A - Method for transmission of signal and apparatus for measuring signal of living body - Google Patents
Method for transmission of signal and apparatus for measuring signal of living bodyInfo
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- JPH0884779A JPH0884779A JP6223334A JP22333494A JPH0884779A JP H0884779 A JPH0884779 A JP H0884779A JP 6223334 A JP6223334 A JP 6223334A JP 22333494 A JP22333494 A JP 22333494A JP H0884779 A JPH0884779 A JP H0884779A
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- electrode
- receiving
- biological
- information collecting
- Prior art date
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- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
- Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)
- Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、頭蓋内圧などの生体信
号を計測するにあたって、生体内で収集した生体信号を
キャリアに重畳した電流のかたちで生体に流し、体表で
その信号を受信することにより、生体信号を計測する信
号伝送方法および生体信号計測装置に関する。INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention, when measuring a biological signal such as intracranial pressure, sends the biological signal collected in the living body to the living body in the form of a current superimposed on a carrier and receives the signal on the body surface. Accordingly, the present invention relates to a signal transmission method and a biological signal measuring device for measuring a biological signal.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】医療における計測においては、長期間連
続して体内からの信号を取り出したい場合がある。例え
ば体内埋め込み式ペースメーカでは、埋め込んだ後のペ
ースメーカの動作状態を外部から知る必要がある。ま
た、脳外科手術などを行なった後の患者に対しては、頭
蓋内圧を計測する必要がある。さらに、消化管カプセル
などを飲ませた患者のモニタや、体内埋め込み型輸液装
置を埋め込んだ患者に対する輸液量モニタなどもこれに
当たる。このような体内から体外に信号を取り出す場
合、磁気結合を用いる方法や、光結合を用いる方法など
が提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art In medical measurement, it is sometimes desired to take out a signal from the body continuously for a long period of time. For example, in an implantable pacemaker, it is necessary to externally know the operating state of the pacemaker after implantation. In addition, it is necessary to measure the intracranial pressure for patients who have undergone brain surgery or the like. Furthermore, this includes a monitor of a patient who has taken a digestive tract capsule or the like, and a monitor of the amount of infusion for a patient having an implantable infusion device implanted therein. To extract a signal from the inside of the body to the outside of the body, a method using magnetic coupling, a method using optical coupling, and the like have been proposed.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、磁気結合を用
いる場合、体内側の送受信コイルを皮下浅いところに埋
め込む必要があり、体外側の送受信コイルを体内側のコ
イルの近傍に配置する必要があり、技術的に難しい問題
がある。また、光結合を用いて体内と体外で信号を送受
信する場合では、体組織が光を散乱吸収するため、発光
量を大きくする必要があり、消費電力が大きくなるとい
う欠点がある。However, when using magnetic coupling, it is necessary to embed the transmitter / receiver coil inside the body in a shallow subcutaneous area, and to arrange the transmitter / receiver coil outside the body in the vicinity of the coil inside the body. , There is a technically difficult problem. Further, in the case of transmitting and receiving a signal inside and outside the body by using optical coupling, since the body tissue scatters and absorbs the light, it is necessary to increase the amount of light emission, and there is a drawback that the power consumption increases.
【０００４】本発明は、このような従来の技術が有する
課題を解決するために提案されたものであり、体内から
体外へまたは体外から体内への信号の送受を安定に行な
うことができるとともに、低電力で信号を送受できる信
号伝送方法および生体信号計測装置を提供することを目
的とする。The present invention has been proposed in order to solve the problems of the prior art, and it is possible to stably transmit and receive a signal from the inside of the body to the outside of the body or from the outside of the body to the inside of the body. An object of the present invention is to provide a signal transmission method and a biomedical signal measuring device capable of transmitting and receiving a signal with low power.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】この目的を達成するため
に本発明による信号伝送方法は、電極を備える送信部お
よび／または受信部を体内に挿入し、体外の受信部およ
び／または送信部に接続される電極を体表に貼り付け、
体内の送信部および／または受信部に接続される電極
と、体外の受信部および／または送信部に接続される電
極との間で信号の送受を行なうにあたって、送信側の電
極から、キャリアに信号を重畳して変調を加えた微弱な
変調電流を生体に流し、受信側の電極でこの微弱な変調
電流を受信することにより信号を送受できるようにして
いる。In order to achieve this object, a signal transmission method according to the present invention comprises a transmitter and / or a receiver having an electrode inserted into the body so that the receiver and / or the transmitter outside the body can be inserted. Paste the electrode to be connected to the body surface,
When transmitting and receiving a signal between an electrode connected to the transmitter and / or receiver inside the body and an electrode connected to the receiver and / or transmitter outside the body, a signal is transmitted from the electrode on the transmitter side to the carrier. A weak modulation current obtained by superimposing and modulating is sent to the living body, and a signal can be transmitted / received by receiving the weak modulation current at the electrode on the receiving side.
【０００６】また、本発明による生体信号計測装置は、
生体内に挿入される生体情報収集装置が、生体情報を計
測するセンサと、このセンサの検出信号によってキャリ
アに変調を加える変調器と、この変調器に接続され、微
弱な変調電流を生体に流して送出する電極とを備え、体
外の受信装置が、上記微弱な変調電流を受信するために
体表に貼り付けられる電極と、この電極で検出した受信
信号を復調して生体情報信号を抽出する復調器と、復調
された生体情報を出力する出力手段とを備える構成とし
てある。Further, the biological signal measuring device according to the present invention is
A biological information collection device inserted into a living body is connected to a sensor that measures biological information, a modulator that modulates a carrier by a detection signal of this sensor, and this modulator, and sends a weak modulation current to the living body. An electrode attached to the body surface for receiving the weak modulation current, and an electrode for transmitting the signal, and a reception signal detected by this electrode is demodulated to extract a biological information signal. The demodulator and the output means for outputting the demodulated biological information are provided.
【０００７】また、本発明を適用した頭蓋内圧計測装置
は、生体情報収集装置が、頭蓋内に留置され、頭蓋内圧
を検出する圧力センサと、この圧力センサの検出信号が
送られ、この検出信号によってキャリアに変調を加える
変調器を有するとともに、頭部皮下と頭蓋骨との間に置
かれる送信部本体と、この送信部本体の表面に設けら
れ、上記変調器からの微弱な変調電流を頭皮に流して送
出する電極とを備え、体外の受信装置が、上記微弱な変
調電流を受信するために頭皮表面に貼り付けられる電極
と、この電極で検出した受信信号を復調して頭蓋内圧信
号を抽出する復調器と、復調された頭蓋内圧値を出力す
る出力手段とを備える構成としてある。Further, in the intracranial pressure measuring device to which the present invention is applied, the biological information collecting device is placed in the skull, and the pressure sensor for detecting the intracranial pressure and the detection signal of this pressure sensor are sent. With a modulator that modulates the carrier with a transmitter body placed between the subcutaneous part of the head and the skull and the surface of this transmitter body, a weak modulation current from the modulator is applied to the scalp. An extracorporeal receiving device is provided with an electrode for flowing and transmitting, and an electrode attached to the surface of the scalp for receiving the weak modulated current, and an intracranial pressure signal is extracted by demodulating the received signal detected by this electrode. And a means for outputting the demodulated intracranial pressure value.
【０００８】また、本発明では、頭皮表面に貼り付けら
れる上記電極によって脳波が同時に検出され、上記出力
手段に脳波が出力されるように構成されている。Further, in the present invention, the electroencephalogram is simultaneously detected by the electrodes attached to the surface of the scalp, and the electroencephalogram is output to the output means.
【０００９】また、本発明では、上記生体情報収集装置
の形状をカプセル形状とし、口から飲み込んで肛門から
排出される間に、体内の生体情報を収集できるようにし
てある。Further, in the present invention, the shape of the biometric information collecting device is made into a capsule shape so that the biometric information in the body can be collected while being swallowed from the mouth and discharged from the anus.
【００１０】また、本発明では、体表に貼り付けられる
上記電極によって心電図が同時に検出され、上記出力手
段に心電図が出力されるように構成されている。In the present invention, the electrocardiogram is simultaneously detected by the electrodes attached to the body surface, and the electrocardiogram is output to the output means.
【００１１】[0011]
【作用】上述した請求項１に対応する構成によれば、体
内から体外へあるいは体外から体内に信号の伝達を行な
うにあたって、送信側の電極から、キャリアに信号を重
畳して変調を加えた微弱な変調電流を生体に流して、受
信側の電極でこの微弱な変調電流を受信することにより
信号を伝送しているので、生体内外間の信号の送受を低
電力で行なえる。According to the above-mentioned structure corresponding to claim 1, when transmitting a signal from the inside of the body to the outside of the body or from the inside of the body to the inside of the body, a weak signal is generated by superimposing the signal on the carrier from the electrode on the transmitting side and modulating the signal. Since a signal is transmitted by flowing a strong modulation current to the living body and receiving the weak modulation current at the electrode on the receiving side, transmission and reception of the signal between the inside and outside of the living body can be performed with low power.
【００１２】また、請求項２に対応する構成によれば、
センサで検出した生体信号によってキャリアに変調を加
え、この変調信号を生体情報収集装置の電極から微弱な
電流として生体に流し、体表に貼り付けた受信装置側の
電極によってこの電流を検出することにより、生体内外
間で信号の送受を行なっているので、信号の伝送を低電
力で行なえる。According to the structure corresponding to claim 2,
Modulate the carrier with the bio-signal detected by the sensor, send this modulated signal as a weak current from the electrode of the bio-information collecting device to the living body, and detect this current with the electrode of the receiving device attached to the body surface. As a result, signals are transmitted and received between the inside and outside of the living body, so that signals can be transmitted with low power.
【００１３】また、請求項３に対応する構成によれば、
圧力センサで検出した頭蓋内圧信号によってキャリアを
変調し、頭部皮下と頭蓋骨との間に置かれた送信部本体
の電極から、微弱な変調電流を頭皮に向けて流し、頭皮
表面に貼り付けた受信装置側の電極でこの電流を検出す
ることにより、信号の送受を行なっているので、低電力
化が図れる。Further, according to the structure corresponding to claim 3,
The carrier was modulated by the intracranial pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor, and a weak modulation current was applied to the scalp from the electrode of the transmitter body placed between the subcutaneous part of the head and the skull, and it was attached to the surface of the scalp. Signals are transmitted and received by detecting this current with the electrode on the side of the receiving device, so that power consumption can be reduced.
【００１４】また、請求項５に対応する構成によれば、
カプセル形状の生体情報収集装置が口から飲み込まれて
体内を通過して、肛門から排出される間に、体内の生体
情報をセンサで検出して、キャリアを検出信号で変調し
た微弱な変調電流を電極を通じて生体に流し、体内から
体外に生体情報を伝送することができる。According to the structure corresponding to claim 5,
While the capsule-shaped biological information collecting device is swallowed from the mouth, passed through the body, and discharged from the anus, the sensor detects biological information in the body and a weak modulation current is generated by modulating the carrier with the detection signal. The biological information can be transmitted from the inside of the body to the outside of the body by flowing into the living body through the electrodes.
【００１５】[0015]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づき詳細に
説明する。本発明による信号伝送方法では、電極を備え
る送受信部を体内に挿入し、体外の送受信部に接続され
る電極を体表に貼り付け、送信側の電極から、キャリア
を被送信信号で変調した変調信号を微弱な電流として生
体に流し、受信側の電極でこの電流を検出することによ
り、生体内外間で信号の送受を行なうものである。Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the signal transmission method according to the present invention, a transmitter / receiver including electrodes is inserted into the body, an electrode connected to the transmitter / receiver outside the body is attached to the body surface, and a carrier is modulated with a transmitted signal from the transmitter electrode. A signal is sent as a weak current to a living body, and the current is detected by an electrode on the receiving side to transmit and receive the signal between the inside and outside of the living body.
【００１６】まず、本発明による生体信号計測装置を頭
蓋内圧計測装置に適用した一実施例を説明する。図１
に、本発明の頭蓋内圧計測装置に用いられる生体情報収
集装置を示す。この図で、この生体情報収集装置は、表
面に白金や金からなる送信用の一対の電極４，５が貼り
付けられた送信部本体１と、例えばピエゾ抵抗素子から
なる頭蓋内圧計測用の圧力センサ３と、送信部本体１と
圧力センサ３とを結ぶ連結ケーブル２とから構成されて
いる。これら送信部本体１、連結ケーブル２および圧力
センサ３は、シリコン樹脂などの生体適合樹脂６によっ
て被覆されている（図２参照）。送信部本体１内には、
図２に示すようにフレキシブル基板７に各種部品８が実
装された送信部９が内蔵されている。１０は送信部９と
圧力センサ３とを結ぶ配線、１１，１２は送信部９と電
極４，５を結ぶ配線である。この生体情報収集装置で
は、送信部本体１の縦横が例えば３０×５０（mm）、厚
さが４（mm）程度の寸法を有しており、圧力センサ３は
直径２０（mm）、厚さが３（mm）程度の寸法を有してい
る。また、連結ケーブル２の寸法は６０（mm）程度に設
定されている。First, an embodiment in which the biological signal measuring device according to the present invention is applied to an intracranial pressure measuring device will be described. FIG.
FIG. 1 shows a biological information collecting device used in the intracranial pressure measuring device of the present invention. In this figure, this biological information collecting device is shown as a transmitter main body 1 in which a pair of electrodes 4 and 5 for transmission made of platinum or gold are attached to the surface, and a pressure for measuring intracranial pressure made of, for example, a piezoresistive element. It is composed of a sensor 3 and a connecting cable 2 that connects the transmitter body 1 and the pressure sensor 3. The transmitter main body 1, the connecting cable 2, and the pressure sensor 3 are covered with a biocompatible resin 6 such as silicone resin (see FIG. 2). In the transmitter body 1,
As shown in FIG. 2, the flexible substrate 7 has a built-in transmitter 9 in which various components 8 are mounted. Reference numeral 10 is a wire connecting the transmitter 9 and the pressure sensor 3, and reference numerals 11 and 12 are wires connecting the transmitter 9 and the electrodes 4, 5. In this biological information collecting apparatus, the transmission unit main body 1 has dimensions of, for example, 30 × 50 (mm) and a thickness of about 4 (mm), and the pressure sensor 3 has a diameter of 20 (mm) and a thickness. Has a dimension of about 3 (mm). The size of the connecting cable 2 is set to about 60 (mm).
【００１７】図３に、生体情報収集装置のブロック図を
示す。この図で、この生体信号収集装置は、前述したよ
うに圧力センサ３と、送信部９と、アンテナとなる一対
の電極４，５とから構成されている。送信部９は、圧力
センサ３で検出した頭蓋内圧信号を増幅する前置増幅器
１３と、変調器１５に５ｋＨｚ程度のキャリア信号（搬
送波信号）を送出するキャリア発振器１４と、キャリア
に頭蓋内圧信号を重畳するためのＦＭ変調を行なう変調
器１５とを有している。電極４，５は、この変調器１５
に接続されている。ここで、キャリア周波数には、生体
信号との分離が容易で取り扱いやすい周波数が選択され
る。このキャリア周波数としては、生体内における誘電
体損失を考慮して１ｋＨｚから数百ＭＨｚまでの周波数
の使用が可能であり、この実施例では５ｋＨｚのキャリ
アが用いられている。FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of the biological information collecting apparatus. In this figure, this biological signal collecting apparatus is composed of the pressure sensor 3, the transmitting unit 9, and the pair of electrodes 4 and 5 serving as antennas as described above. The transmitter 9 includes a preamplifier 13 for amplifying the intracranial pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor 3, a carrier oscillator 14 for transmitting a carrier signal (carrier signal) of about 5 kHz to the modulator 15, and an intracranial pressure signal for the carrier. And a modulator 15 that performs FM modulation for superimposing. The electrodes 4 and 5 are the modulator 15
It is connected to the. Here, as the carrier frequency, a frequency that is easy to separate from the biological signal and easy to handle is selected. As the carrier frequency, a frequency from 1 kHz to several hundreds of MHz can be used in consideration of dielectric loss in the living body, and a carrier of 5 kHz is used in this embodiment.
【００１８】つぎに、この生体情報収集装置を頭部内に
留置する仕方を図４の模式図を参照して説明する。送信
部本体１は、電極４，５が上方を向くように頭部皮下と
頭蓋骨１６との間に置かれる。また、頭蓋骨１６に開け
た孔を介して圧力センサ３が頭蓋内（頭蓋骨１６と脳１
７との間）に留置される。また、送信部本体１側の電極
４，５と対峙するように受信装置側の電極１９，２０が
頭部表面（頭皮１８の表面）に貼り付けられる。Next, how to indwell this biological information collecting device in the head will be described with reference to the schematic view of FIG. The transmitter main body 1 is placed between the subcutaneous part of the head and the skull 16 so that the electrodes 4 and 5 face upward. In addition, the pressure sensor 3 is inserted into the skull (the skull 16 and the brain 1 through the hole formed in the skull 16).
7)). Further, the electrodes 19 and 20 on the side of the receiver are attached to the surface of the head (the surface of the scalp 18) so as to face the electrodes 4 and 5 on the side of the transmitter main body 1.
【００１９】つぎに、生体情報収集装置から送られてく
るキャリアに重畳した生体情報を受信するための受信装
置の構成を図５のブロック図に基づいて説明する。ま
ず、頭皮１８を挟んで送信部本体１側の電極４，５と対
向して頭部表面に貼り付けられる電極１９，２０は、銀
・塩化銀（Ag/AgCl)電極からなる。この電極１９，２０
によって脳波の検出も同時に行なわれる。前置増幅器２
１は、電極１９，２０で検出した信号を増幅して、後段
のフィルタ２２に送る。復調器２３は、フィルタ２２を
通過したＦＭ信号を復調して頭蓋内圧信号を抽出する。
後段の血圧増幅器２４は、この頭蓋内圧信号を増幅して
補正回路２５に送る。補正回路２５では、気圧測定器２
６で測定した気圧のデータを基に頭蓋内圧を補償し、出
力信号処理回路２８に送出する。一方、脳波増幅器２７
は、フィルタ２２で分離された脳波信号を増幅して、出
力信号処理回路２８に送る。出力信号処理回路２８で
は、頭蓋内圧信号と脳波信号を表示できる信号に加工し
て表示部２９に送るとともに、記録装置３０に送出す
る。ここで、出力信号処理回路２８、表示部２９および
記録装置３０は出力手段を構成している。Next, the configuration of the receiving device for receiving the biometric information superimposed on the carrier sent from the biometric information collecting device will be explained based on the block diagram of FIG. First, the electrodes 19 and 20 that are attached to the head surface so as to face the electrodes 4 and 5 on the transmitter body 1 side with the scalp 18 in between are silver / silver chloride (Ag / AgCl) electrodes. This electrode 19, 20
The brain waves are also detected at the same time. Preamplifier 2
1 amplifies the signal detected by the electrodes 19 and 20 and sends it to the filter 22 in the subsequent stage. The demodulator 23 demodulates the FM signal that has passed through the filter 22 and extracts the intracranial pressure signal.
The blood pressure amplifier 24 in the latter stage amplifies this intracranial pressure signal and sends it to the correction circuit 25. In the correction circuit 25, the atmospheric pressure measuring device 2
The intracranial pressure is compensated based on the atmospheric pressure data measured in 6 and sent to the output signal processing circuit 28. On the other hand, the EEG amplifier 27
Amplifies the electroencephalogram signal separated by the filter 22 and sends it to the output signal processing circuit 28. In the output signal processing circuit 28, the intracranial pressure signal and the electroencephalogram signal are processed into signals that can be displayed and sent to the display unit 29 and sent to the recording device 30. Here, the output signal processing circuit 28, the display unit 29, and the recording device 30 constitute an output means.
【００２０】ここで、脳波信号は体表で１００μＶ程度
であるから、頭蓋内圧（脳圧）を伝達する信号も体表で
１００μＶ程度の大きさがあればよい。したがって、電
極インピーダンスを１００Ω／５ｋＨｚとして電極に印
加する電圧は１０ｍＶ程度で十分であり、送信に必要な
電力は高々１μＷ程度となる。また、５ｋＨｚ、１０ｍ
Ｖ、１００μＡ程度の電圧、電流では、生体を刺激する
恐れもない。Since the electroencephalogram signal is about 100 μV on the body surface, the signal for transmitting the intracranial pressure (brain pressure) may have a magnitude of about 100 μV on the body surface. Therefore, it is sufficient that the voltage applied to the electrodes is about 10 mV when the electrode impedance is 100Ω / 5 kHz, and the power required for transmission is about 1 μW at most. Also, 5 kHz, 10 m
There is no risk of stimulating the living body with V, a voltage of about 100 μA, and a current.
【００２１】つぎに、このように構成される頭蓋内圧計
測装置の動作を説明する。まず、頭蓋内に留置した圧力
センサ３によって頭蓋内圧信号（脳圧信号）が検出され
ると、この信号は連結ケーブル２を介して送信部９内の
前置増幅器１３に送られて増幅される。この増幅信号は
変調器１５に送られる。この変調器１５では、キャリア
発振器１４から送られてくる例えば５ｋＨｚのキャリア
（搬送波）に頭蓋内圧信号を重畳するＦＭ変調が行なわ
れる。このＦＭ変調信号は、頭部皮下と頭蓋骨１６との
間に置かれた送信部本体１の表面に配された一対の電極
４，５によって頭皮１８に向けて伝送される。Next, the operation of the intracranial pressure measuring device configured as described above will be described. First, when an intracranial pressure signal (brain pressure signal) is detected by the pressure sensor 3 placed in the skull, this signal is sent to the preamplifier 13 in the transmitter 9 via the connecting cable 2 and amplified. . This amplified signal is sent to the modulator 15. The modulator 15 performs FM modulation in which an intracranial pressure signal is superimposed on a carrier (carrier wave) of, for example, 5 kHz sent from the carrier oscillator 14. This FM modulated signal is transmitted toward the scalp 18 by the pair of electrodes 4 and 5 arranged on the surface of the transmitter main body 1 placed between the subcutaneous part of the head and the skull 16.
【００２２】頭蓋内圧信号を重畳したＦＭ信号は、電流
として頭皮１８を流れ、受信装置側の一対の電極１９，
２０によって受信される。このとき、電極１９，２０に
よって脳波も同時に検出される。電極１９，２０で検出
された信号は受信装置内の前置増幅器２１で増幅された
後に、フィルタ２２を介して復調器２３に送られる。こ
の復調器２３３では、ＦＭ変調信号から頭蓋内圧信号を
抽出する復調動作が行なわれる。取り出された頭蓋内圧
信号は、血圧増幅器２４で増幅された後に、補正回路２
５に送られる。この補正回路２５では、気圧測定器２６
で測定した気圧の値に基づいて頭蓋内圧を正しい値に補
正する処理が行なわれ、補正後の信号が出力信号処理回
路２８に送られる。一方、フィルタ２２でＦＭ信号と分
離された脳波信号は、脳波増幅器２７に送られて増幅さ
れ、その後出力信号処理回路２８に送られる。この出力
信号処理回路２８では、頭蓋内圧信号と脳波信号が表示
信号に変換されて、ＣＲＴや液晶ディスプレイからなる
表示部２９に表示される。また、頭蓋内圧と脳波は記録
装置３０によっても記録される。The FM signal on which the intracranial pressure signal is superimposed flows as a current through the scalp 18, and a pair of electrodes 19 on the receiving device side,
Received by 20. At this time, the brain waves are simultaneously detected by the electrodes 19 and 20. The signals detected by the electrodes 19 and 20 are amplified by a preamplifier 21 in the receiving device and then sent to a demodulator 23 via a filter 22. The demodulator 233 performs a demodulation operation for extracting the intracranial pressure signal from the FM modulated signal. The extracted intracranial pressure signal is amplified by the blood pressure amplifier 24 and then corrected by the correction circuit 2.
Sent to 5. In the correction circuit 25, the atmospheric pressure measuring device 26
A process of correcting the intracranial pressure to a correct value is performed based on the value of the atmospheric pressure measured in (3), and the corrected signal is sent to the output signal processing circuit 28. On the other hand, the electroencephalogram signal separated from the FM signal by the filter 22 is sent to the electroencephalogram amplifier 27 to be amplified and then sent to the output signal processing circuit 28. In the output signal processing circuit 28, the intracranial pressure signal and the electroencephalogram signal are converted into display signals, which are displayed on the display unit 29 including a CRT or a liquid crystal display. The intracranial pressure and the electroencephalogram are also recorded by the recording device 30.
【００２３】つぎに、本発明を消化器管内の生体情報を
計測する生体信号計測装置に適用した他の実施例を説明
する。まず、この生体信号計測装置に用いられる生体情
報収集装置の構成を図６に基づいて説明する。この図
で、円筒状のカプセル３１の前部には胃内部などの温
度、ペーハ（ｐＨ）や出血状態などの生体情報を検出す
るセンサ３４が埋め込まれている。なお、出血状態はル
ミノール反応によって検出される。また、このカプセル
３１内には、センサ３４で検出した生体情報をＦＭ変調
して送信するための送信部３５が内蔵されている。この
送信部３５は、前述の実施例と同様、センサ３４の信号
を増幅する前置増幅器、キャリア発振器、復調器によっ
て構成されている。カプセル３１の後部には、連結ケー
ブル３２が接続され、この連結ケーブル３２の末端にア
ンテナとなる円板状の電極３３が取り付けられている。
この電極３３は、連結ケーブル３２を介して送信部３５
内の変調器に接続されている。ここで、カプセル３１は
全長２０（mm）程度の寸法を有しており、連結ケーブル
３２は５０（mm）程度の長さに設定されている。このよ
うに構成される生体情報収集装置は、口から飲み込まれ
て、図７に示すように胃３６ａの内部などで生体情報を
収集する。Next, another embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a biological signal measuring device for measuring biological information in the digestive tract will be described. First, the configuration of the biological information collecting device used in this biological signal measuring device will be described with reference to FIG. In this figure, a sensor 34 that detects biological information such as the temperature inside the stomach, pH (pH), bleeding state, etc. is embedded in the front part of the cylindrical capsule 31. The bleeding condition is detected by the luminol reaction. In addition, a transmission unit 35 for FM-modulating and transmitting the biological information detected by the sensor 34 is built in the capsule 31. This transmitting unit 35 is composed of a preamplifier that amplifies the signal of the sensor 34, a carrier oscillator, and a demodulator, as in the above-described embodiment. A connection cable 32 is connected to the rear portion of the capsule 31, and a disk-shaped electrode 33 serving as an antenna is attached to the end of the connection cable 32.
The electrode 33 is connected to the transmitter 35 via the connecting cable 32.
Connected to the modulator inside. Here, the capsule 31 has a size of about 20 (mm) in total length, and the connecting cable 32 is set to a length of about 50 (mm). The biometric information collecting device configured as described above is swallowed through the mouth and collects biometric information inside the stomach 36a as shown in FIG.
【００２４】つぎに、受信装置の構成を説明する。受信
装置側に設けられた４つの電極３７は、生体情報収集装
置から伝送されてくる信号を受信するために被験者３６
の腹胸部の体表面に貼り付けられる。また、この電極３
７によって心電図信号も同時に検出される。これら電極
３７によって検出された信号は、受信ブロック３８に送
られる。この受信ブロック３８は、電極３７からの信号
を増幅する前置増幅器と、増幅後の信号を瀘波するフィ
ルタと、フィルタを通過したＦＭ信号を復調する復調器
と、復調後の信号を増幅する増幅器と、この増幅信号を
表示信号に変換して表示部３９に出力する表示信号処理
部と、フィルタで分離した心電図信号を増幅して表示信
号処理部に送出する心電図増幅器とから構成されてい
る。Next, the structure of the receiving device will be described. The four electrodes 37 provided on the receiving device side are provided for the subject 36 in order to receive the signal transmitted from the biological information collecting device.
It is attached to the body surface of the abdominal chest. Also, this electrode 3
An electrocardiogram signal is simultaneously detected by 7. The signals detected by these electrodes 37 are sent to the reception block 38. The reception block 38 includes a preamplifier that amplifies the signal from the electrode 37, a filter that filters the amplified signal, a demodulator that demodulates the FM signal that has passed through the filter, and amplifies the demodulated signal. It is composed of an amplifier, a display signal processing unit that converts the amplified signal into a display signal and outputs the display signal to the display unit 39, and an electrocardiographic amplifier that amplifies the electrocardiographic signal separated by the filter and sends the amplified signal to the display signal processing unit. .
【００２５】つぎに、このように構成される生体信号計
測装置の動作を説明する。まず、カプセル状の生体情報
収集装置が口から飲み込まれると、この生体情報収集装
置が胃３６ａを通過するときに、胃内部の温度、ペーハ
（ｐＨ）や出血状態などの生体情報がセンサ３４によっ
て検出される。センサ３４の検出信号は、送信部３５内
で処理されて、例えば５ｋＨｚのキャリアとＦＭ変調さ
れる。生体情報を重畳したこのＦＭ変調信号は、連結ケ
ーブル３２を介して電極３３に送られ、アンテナとなる
この電極３３から体表に向けて伝送される。Next, the operation of the biomedical signal measuring device having such a configuration will be described. First, when the capsule-shaped biological information collecting device is swallowed through the mouth, when the biological information collecting device passes through the stomach 36a, biological information such as the temperature inside the stomach, pH (pH), and bleeding state is detected by the sensor 34. To be detected. The detection signal of the sensor 34 is processed in the transmission unit 35 and FM-modulated with a carrier of 5 kHz, for example. This FM-modulated signal on which the biological information is superimposed is sent to the electrode 33 via the connecting cable 32, and is transmitted from this electrode 33, which serves as an antenna, toward the body surface.
【００２６】体組織を通じて体内から体外に電流として
流れたＦＭ信号は、体表に貼り付けられた受信装置側の
電極３７によって検出される。このとき電極３７によっ
て心電図信号も同時に検出され、電極３７による検出信
号が、受信ブロック３８に送出される。この受信ブロッ
ク３８では、増幅後のＦＭ信号が復調されて、生体情報
が抽出される。この生体情報は、表示信号処理部で表示
信号に変換され、被験者３６の胃内部の温度、ペーハ
（ｐＨ）や出血状態などの情報がＣＲＴなどからなる表
示部３９に出力される。一方、受信ブロック３８内のフ
ィルタで分離された心電図信号は、増幅された後に表示
信号に変換されて、上記生体情報と共に表示部３９に表
示される。なお、カプセル状の生体情報収集装置は最後
に肛門から体外に排出される。The FM signal that has flowed as a current from the inside of the body to the outside of the body through the body tissue is detected by the electrode 37 on the side of the receiving device attached to the body surface. At this time, the electrocardiogram signal is also detected by the electrode 37 at the same time, and the detection signal from the electrode 37 is sent to the receiving block 38. In this reception block 38, the amplified FM signal is demodulated and biometric information is extracted. This biometric information is converted into a display signal by the display signal processing unit, and information such as the temperature inside the stomach of the subject 36, pH (pH), and bleeding state is output to the display unit 39 such as a CRT. On the other hand, the electrocardiographic signal separated by the filter in the reception block 38 is amplified and then converted into a display signal, which is displayed on the display unit 39 together with the biological information. The capsule-shaped biological information collecting device is finally discharged from the anus to the outside of the body.
【００２７】上述した２つの実施例では、生体情報収集
装置で収集した情報をＦＭ変調して電流のかたちで体表
に向けて伝達する伝送方式を採用しているが、ＦＭ変調
方式でなく、ＡＭ変調方式や他の変調方式を用いてもよ
い。また、生体情報収集装置側に別に受信部を設けて、
体表側の電極から制御信号などを変調電流として体組織
を通じて流し、生体情報収集装置側の電極でこの信号を
受信できるようにした構成も可能である。In the above-mentioned two embodiments, the transmission method of FM-modulating the information collected by the biological information collecting device and transmitting it to the body surface in the form of current is adopted, but it is not the FM modulation method. An AM modulation method or another modulation method may be used. In addition, a separate receiving unit is provided on the biological information collecting device side,
A configuration is also possible in which a control signal or the like is caused to flow as a modulation current from the body surface side electrode through the body tissue and the electrode on the side of the biological information collecting device can receive this signal.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように請求項１に対応する
本発明によれば、キャリアに変調を加えた微弱な変調電
流を生体に流すことにより、生体の内外間で信号の送受
を行なうようにしたので、従来のように光結合で信号を
送受する場合に比べて低電力化が図れるとともに、光結
合や磁気結合を用いて伝送する場合に比べて安定に信号
を伝達できる。As described above, according to the present invention corresponding to claim 1, a weak modulation current in which a carrier is modulated is passed through a living body to transmit and receive a signal between the inside and outside of the living body. As a result, the power consumption can be reduced as compared with the conventional case of transmitting and receiving a signal by optical coupling, and the signal can be transmitted more stably as compared with the case of transmitting by using optical coupling or magnetic coupling.
【００２９】また、請求項２に対応する本発明によれ
ば、生体内の生体情報収集装置で計測した生体信号によ
ってキャリアを変調して、電極を通じて微弱な変調電流
を生体に流し、体外の受信装置側の電極でこの電流を検
出することにより、生体内外間で信号の送受を行なうよ
うにしたので、低電力化が可能とともに、光結合や磁気
結合を用いる場合に比べて安定な伝送を行なえる。Further, according to the present invention corresponding to claim 2, the carrier is modulated by the biological signal measured by the biological information collecting device in the living body, and a weak modulation current is sent to the living body through the electrode to receive the signal outside the body. Signals are sent and received between the inside and outside of the living body by detecting this current with the electrodes on the device side, so low power consumption is possible and stable transmission is possible compared to when using optical coupling or magnetic coupling. It
【００３０】また、請求項３に対応する本発明によれ
ば、圧力センサで計測した頭蓋内圧信号によってキャリ
アを変調し、頭部皮下に置いた送信部本体の電極から、
頭皮に微弱な変調電流を送出して、頭皮表面の電極でこ
の電流を検出することにより、信号を送受しているの
で、頭蓋内圧の測定を低電力でしかも安定に行なえると
いう利点がある。According to the present invention corresponding to claim 3, the carrier is modulated by the intracranial pressure signal measured by the pressure sensor, and is transmitted from the electrode of the transmitter main body placed under the head subcutaneously.
Signals are transmitted and received by sending a weak modulation current to the scalp and detecting this current with the electrodes on the surface of the scalp, so that there is an advantage that the intracranial pressure can be measured stably with low power.
【００３１】また、請求項４に対応する本発明によれ
ば、頭皮に貼り付けた電極によって脳波も同時に計測で
きるので、生体信号の測定を効率よく行なえる。Further, according to the present invention corresponding to claim 4, since the brain waves can be simultaneously measured by the electrodes attached to the scalp, the biological signal can be efficiently measured.
【００３２】また、請求項５に対応する本発明によれ
ば、口から飲み込まれたカプセル状の生体情報収集装置
が体内を通過するときに、センサによって生体情報を計
測し、この生体情報信号によってキャリアを変調した変
調電流を生体情報収集装置側の電極から生体に流すとと
もに、この電流を体表に貼り付けた電極により検出する
ことにより、生体情報の送受を行なっているので、体内
の生体情報の測定を低電力で行なえるだけでなく、信頼
性の高い測定を行なえる。Further, according to the present invention corresponding to claim 5, when the capsule-shaped biological information collecting device swallowed from the mouth passes through the inside of the body, the biological information is measured by the sensor, and this biological information signal is used. A modulated current that modulates a carrier is sent to the living body from the electrode on the side of the biological information collecting device, and the current is detected by the electrode attached to the body surface, so that the biological information is transmitted and received. Not only can you make low-power measurements, but you can also make reliable measurements.
【００３３】また、請求項６に対応する本発明によれ
ば、体表に貼り付けた電極によって心電図も同時に計測
できるので、生体信号の測定を効率よく行なえる。Further, according to the present invention corresponding to claim 6, since the electrocardiogram can be simultaneously measured by the electrodes attached to the body surface, the biological signal can be efficiently measured.
【図１】（ａ）は本発明による頭蓋内圧測定装置に用い
られる生体情報収集装置の平面図であり、（ｂ）はその
側面図である。FIG. 1A is a plan view of a biological information collecting device used in an intracranial pressure measuring device according to the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a side view thereof.
【図２】図１の生体情報収集装置の送信部本体を示す縦
断面図である。FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a transmitter main body of the biological information collecting apparatus of FIG.
【図３】上記生体情報収集装置の構成を示すブロック図
である。FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the biological information collecting apparatus.
【図４】上記生体情報収集装置を頭部内に留置した状態
を模式的に示す説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory view schematically showing a state in which the biological information collecting device is left in the head.
【図５】頭蓋内圧測定装置に用いられる受信装置の構成
を示すブロック図である。FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a receiving device used in the intracranial pressure measuring device.
【図６】他の実施例の生体情報収集装置を一部切り欠い
て示す平面図である。FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a biological information collecting apparatus according to another embodiment with a part thereof cut away.
【図７】図６の生体情報収集装置を用いて体内の生体情
報を計測する様子を示す説明図である。FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of measuring biometric information inside the body using the biometric information collecting apparatus of FIG. 6;
１ 送信部本体 ２ 連結ケーブル ３ 圧力センサ ４，５ 電極 ６ 生体適合樹脂 ７ フレキシブル基板 ８ 部品 ９ 送信部 １０ 配線 １１，１２ 配線 １３ 前置増幅器 １４ キャリア発振器 １５ 変調器 １６ 頭蓋骨 １７ 脳 １８ 頭皮 １９，２０ 電極 ２１ 前置増幅器 ２２ フィルタ ２３ 復調器 ２４ 血圧増幅器 ２５ 補正回路 ２６ 気圧測定器 ２７ 脳波増幅器 ２８ 出力信号処理回路 ２９ 表示部 ３０ 記録装置 ３１ カプセル ３２ 連結ケーブル ３３ 電極 ３４ センサ ３５ 送信部 ３６ 被験者 ３６ａ 胃 ３７ 電極 ３８ 受信ブロック ３９ 表示部 1 Transmitter main body 2 Connection cable 3 Pressure sensor 4, 5 Electrode 6 Biocompatible resin 7 Flexible substrate 8 Parts 9 Transmitter 10 Wiring 11, 12 Wiring 13 Preamplifier 14 Carrier oscillator 15 Modulator 16 Skull 17 Brain 18 Scalp 19, 20 electrode 21 preamplifier 22 filter 23 demodulator 24 blood pressure amplifier 25 correction circuit 26 barometer 27 brain wave amplifier 28 output signal processing circuit 29 display unit 30 recording device 31 capsule 32 connecting cable 33 electrode 34 sensor 35 transmitting unit 36 subject 36a Stomach 37 Electrode 38 Reception block 39 Display
Claims (6)
部を体内に挿入し、体外の受信部および／または送信部
に接続される電極を体表に貼り付け、体内の送信部およ
び／または受信部に接続される電極と、体外の受信部お
よび／または送信部に接続される電極との間で信号の送
受を行なうにあたって、送信側の電極から、キャリアに
信号を重畳して変調を加えた微弱な変調電流を生体に流
し、受信側の電極でこの微弱な変調電流を受信すること
により信号を送受することを特徴とする信号伝送方法。1. A transmitter and / or a receiver having an electrode is inserted into a body, and an electrode connected to the receiver and / or the transmitter outside the body is attached to a body surface so that the transmitter and / or the receiver inside the body. When transmitting and receiving a signal between the electrode connected to the body part and the electrode connected to the receiving part and / or the transmitting part outside the body, the signal is superimposed on the carrier from the transmitting side electrode and modulated. A signal transmission method characterized in that a weak modulation current is passed through a living body, and a signal is transmitted and received by receiving the weak modulation current at an electrode on the receiving side.
は、生体情報を計測するセンサと、このセンサの検出信
号によってキャリアに変調を加える変調器と、この変調
器に接続され、微弱な変調電流を生体に流して送出する
電極とを備え、 体外の受信装置は、上記微弱な変調電流を受信するため
に体表に貼り付けられる電極と、この電極で検出した受
信信号を復調して生体情報信号を抽出する復調器と、復
調された生体情報を出力する出力手段とを備えることを
特徴とする生体信号計測装置。2. A biological information collecting device inserted into a living body comprises a sensor for measuring biological information, a modulator for modulating a carrier by a detection signal of the sensor, and a weak modulation connected to the modulator. The receiving device outside the body is provided with an electrode for sending and sending an electric current to the living body, and an electrode attached to the body surface for receiving the weak modulated current and a living body for demodulating a reception signal detected by this electrode. A biological signal measuring device comprising a demodulator for extracting an information signal and an output unit for outputting demodulated biological information.
れ、頭蓋内圧を検出する圧力センサと、この圧力センサ
の検出信号が送られ、この検出信号によってキャリアに
変調を加える変調器を有するとともに、頭部皮下と頭蓋
骨との間に置かれる送信部本体と、この送信部本体の表
面に設けられ、上記変調器からの微弱な変調電流を頭皮
に流して送出する電極とを備え、 体外の受信装置は、上記微弱な変調電流を受信するため
に頭皮表面に貼り付けられる電極と、この電極で検出し
た受信信号を復調して頭蓋内圧信号を抽出する復調器
と、復調された頭蓋内圧値を出力する出力手段とを備
え、 上記生体情報収集装置と上記受信装置との組み合わせに
より頭蓋内圧計測装置として用いられることを特徴とす
る生体信号計測装置。3. The biological information collecting device has a pressure sensor that is placed in the skull and detects an intracranial pressure, and a modulator that sends a detection signal of the pressure sensor and modulates a carrier by the detection signal. The external body is provided with a transmitter main body placed between the subcutaneous part of the head and the skull, and an electrode provided on the surface of the transmitter main body for sending a weak modulation current from the modulator to the scalp for delivery. The receiving device is an electrode attached to the surface of the scalp to receive the weak modulated current, a demodulator that demodulates the received signal detected by this electrode to extract an intracranial pressure signal, and a demodulated intracranial pressure value. A biological signal measuring device, comprising: an output unit that outputs the biological information collecting device and the receiving device, which is used as an intracranial pressure measuring device.
って脳波が同時に検出され、上記出力手段に脳波が出力
されるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項３
記載の生体信号計測装置。4. The electroencephalogram is simultaneously detected by the electrodes attached to the surface of the scalp, and the electroencephalogram is output to the output means.
The biological signal measuring device described.
んで肛門から排出される間に、体内の生体情報を収集で
きるようにカプセル形状に形成されていることを特徴と
する請求項２記載の生体信号計測装置。5. The biometric information collecting device according to claim 2, wherein the biometric information collecting device is formed in a capsule shape so as to collect biometric information in the body while being swallowed from the mouth and discharged from the anus. Biological signal measuring device.
心電図が同時に検出され、上記出力手段に心電図が出力
されるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項２
記載の生体信号計測装置。6. The electrocardiogram is simultaneously detected by the electrodes attached to the body surface, and the electrocardiogram is output to the output means.
The biological signal measuring device described.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22333494A JP3376462B2 (en) | 1994-09-19 | 1994-09-19 | Signal transmission device and biological signal measurement device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22333494A JP3376462B2 (en) | 1994-09-19 | 1994-09-19 | Signal transmission device and biological signal measurement device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0884779A true JPH0884779A (en) | 1996-04-02 |
| JP3376462B2 JP3376462B2 (en) | 2003-02-10 |
Family
ID=16796534
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22333494A Expired - Fee Related JP3376462B2 (en) | 1994-09-19 | 1994-09-19 | Signal transmission device and biological signal measurement device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3376462B2 (en) |
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