JPH08502853A - 金属結合できる電気的に絶縁性の支持構造、それを製造するための処理、およびその用途 - Google Patents
金属結合できる電気的に絶縁性の支持構造、それを製造するための処理、およびその用途Info
- Publication number
- JPH08502853A JPH08502853A JP6516611A JP51661194A JPH08502853A JP H08502853 A JPH08502853 A JP H08502853A JP 6516611 A JP6516611 A JP 6516611A JP 51661194 A JP51661194 A JP 51661194A JP H08502853 A JPH08502853 A JP H08502853A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- support structure
- metal structure
- electrically
- ceramic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
- F01N3/2026—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means directly electrifying the catalyst substrate, i.e. heating the electrically conductive catalyst substrate by joule effect
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
- F01N3/2807—Metal other than sintered metal
- F01N3/281—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
- F01N3/2853—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/02—Details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
- B32B2307/206—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
- B32B2311/24—Aluminium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/02—Metallic plates or honeycombs, e.g. superposed or rolled-up corrugated or otherwise deformed sheet metal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1. すべての方向に機械的に負荷能力があり、互いに電気的に分離された導電 性の要素に金属結合できる、電気的に絶縁性の支持構造であって、 電気的に絶縁性の材料として、三次元に、または言い換えれば実質的にすべて の側から、押入れられるセラミック材料(13;15;23;33;53;73 )が使用され、セラミック材料(13;15;23;33;53;73)は第1 の金属構造(11;21;31;41;51;61;71)と第2の金属構造( 12;14;22;32;42;52;62;72)との間に配置され、2つの 構造は実質的にすべての側からセラミック材料(13;15;23;33;53 ;73)上に圧力をかけるように形成されるが、互いに接触しないことを特徴と する、電気的に絶縁性の支持構造。 2. 第1の金属構造は連続ワイヤ(11;41;61;71)または連続バン ド(31)であり、第2の金属構造はワイヤ(11;41;61;71)または バンド(31)を囲む個々の部分(12;14;42;62)を含み、セラミッ ク材料(13;15;73)は2つの金属構造間に押入れられることを特徴とす る、請求項1に記載の支持構造。 3. セラミック材料は、第1の金属構造(11;71)を囲み、第2の金属構 造(12;14;72)によって包 まれる個々のセラミックビード(15)または小さなセラミックチューブ(13 ;73)を含むことを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の支持構造。 4. 第1の金属構造(21;51)は、少なくとも1つのボトルネック(24 )を有する1つまたは2つのバルジによって、たとえば押ボタンの態様で、形態 を固定して第2の金属構造(22;52)に連結され、特に薄いメタル酸化膜で あるセラミック材料(23;53)が構造間に存在することを特徴とする、請求 項1に記載の支持構造。 5. セラミック材料(23;53)は、好ましくは支持構造(21、22;5 1、52)がその所望の形状を達成した後に、2つの構造(21、22;51、 52)の少なくとも1つの表面または表面コーティングを酸化または化学処理す ることによって作られることを特徴とする、前掲の請求項のうち1つに記載の支 持構造。 6. 好ましくは粉末形態のセラミック材料(13;15;33;53;73) は、実質的にすべての側において第1の金属構造(11;21;31;41;5 1;61;71)と第2の金属構造(12;14;32;42;52;62;7 2)との間に押入れられ、第1および第2の金属構造は少なくとも部分的領域に おいてさらなる構造(3;4)への金属結合のためにアクセス可能であるように 形成されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の支持構造を製造するための方法 。 7. 第1の金属構造(11;41;61)はlピースであり、第2の金属構造 (12;14;42:62)は第1の金属構造(11;41;61)を囲む金属 からなる囲いを複数の個々のセグメント(42;62)に細分することによって 製造されることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の方法。 8. 少なくとも1つが電気的に絶縁性の層に化学的に変換可能な表面または表 面被覆を有する、第1の金属構造(21;51)および第2の金属構造(22; 52)は形態を固定して(24)三次元で一緒に変形されることによって結合さ れ、変換可能な表面は金属構造(21、22;51;52)間に置かれ、次に、 変換可能な表面または表面層が特に酸化によって電気的に絶縁性のセラミック層 (23;53)に変換され、結果として、実質的にすべての側において押入れら れる絶縁層(23;52)が三次元的に形態固定した連結(24)の間に作られ ることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の支持構造を製造するための方法。 9. 2枚の鋼板(21;22)が第1および第2の金属構造として重ねて置か れ、シートの少なくとも1枚は絶縁層に変換され得る、特にアルミニウムを含む コーティングの内部表面を有し、2枚の鋼板は第1に一緒に第1の方向に波形と され、波形とされたシートはその後第1の方向に対してほぼ垂直の第2の方向に 再び波形とされ、第1の波形は大きく変形され、シート間に規則正しい三次元的 に形 態を固定した連結が作られ、最後に、変換可能な内部表面が化学処理および/ま たは熱処理によってセラミック絶縁層に変換されることを特徴とする、請求項8 に記載の方法。 10. 特定的に、第1の金属構造(41;52;61;71)および第2の金 属構造(42;52;62;72)が第1および第2の電気的に分離された要素 (3、4、8)それぞれにしっかりと留められ、それらを互いに対して固定する ように、支持構造(41、42;51、52;61、62;71、72)が触媒 コンバータ(1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8)の内部または面端に配置される 、電気的に加熱可能な触媒コンバータ(1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8)を安 定させるための、請求項1ないし5のうちの1つに記載の支持構造の用途。 11. 電気的に加熱可能な触媒コンバータ(1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8 )はさまざまな部分的領域への電気的細分(5、6、7)を有する導電性のハニ カム本体(1、2)であって、さまざまな部分的領域の電気的細分のためと同時 に相互の固定のために、支持構造(41、42;61、62)がハニカム本体( 1、2)の内部の部分的領域間に配置され、特に硬質の半田付けおよび/または 溶接および/または焼結によって、支持構造の第1の金属構造(41;61)は 部分的領域の一つに機械的にしっかりと結合され、第2の金属構造(42;62 )は別の部分的領域に機械的にしっかりと結合されることを特徴とする、請 求項10に記載の支持構造の使用。 12. 電気的に加熱可能な触媒コンバータ(1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8 )はさまざまな部分的領域への電気細分(5、6、7)を有する導電性のハニカ ム本体(1、2)であり、支持構造(71、72)は触媒コンバータ(1、2、 3、4、5、6、7、8)の面端上に配置され、さらに様々な部分的領域を互い に支持し、特に硬質の半田付けおよび/または溶接およひ/または焼結によって 、支持構造の第1の金属構造(71)は部分的領域(8)の1つに機械的にしっ かりと結合され、第2の金属構造(72)は部分的領域(3)の別の領域に機械 的にしっかりと結合されることを特徴とする、10に記載の支持構造の使用。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4301564A DE4301564A1 (de) | 1993-01-21 | 1993-01-21 | Elektrisch isolierende Stützstruktur mit Möglichkeit zur metallischen Anbindung, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und deren Anwendung |
DE4301564.6 | 1993-01-21 | ||
DE431564.6 | 1993-01-21 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH08502853A true JPH08502853A (ja) | 1996-03-26 |
JP2754286B2 JP2754286B2 (ja) | 1998-05-20 |
Family
ID=6478652
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP6516611A Expired - Lifetime JP2754286B2 (ja) | 1993-01-21 | 1994-01-10 | 金属結合できる電気的に絶縁性の支持構造、それを製造するための処理、およびその用途 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0680549B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2754286B2 (ja) |
KR (2) | KR960700395A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1063008C (ja) |
BR (1) | BR9405787A (ja) |
DE (2) | DE4301564A1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2089920T3 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2125654C1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1994017292A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19536853A1 (de) * | 1995-10-02 | 1997-04-03 | Emitec Emissionstechnologie | Elektrisch beheizbarer, in Teilbereiche unterteilter Wabenkörper mit Verbindungsstegen |
US6254837B1 (en) * | 1997-09-17 | 2001-07-03 | Emitec Gesellschaft Fuer Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Honeycomb body of reduced thermal conductivity in the intake and outlet regions |
DE10055447B4 (de) * | 2000-11-09 | 2010-11-04 | Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Elektrisch isolierendes Verbindungselement und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
JP3573708B2 (ja) * | 2000-11-22 | 2004-10-06 | 株式会社オーデン | ディーゼル微粒子除去装置 |
KR20030018098A (ko) * | 2001-08-27 | 2003-03-06 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 촉매변화기의 금속담채 |
DE102008051169A1 (de) * | 2008-10-10 | 2010-04-15 | Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Vorrichtung zur Abgasbehandlung mit einer Sensor-Folie |
JP5397550B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-08 | 2014-01-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電気加熱式触媒 |
CN105004046B (zh) * | 2015-07-08 | 2018-04-10 | 杭州凯尔云母制品有限公司 | 为云母制浆提供能源的装置 |
DE202015103787U1 (de) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-08-06 | Türk & Hillinger GmbH | Gaskanal mit beheizter poröser Metallstruktur |
JP6604895B2 (ja) * | 2016-04-13 | 2019-11-13 | 日立造船株式会社 | 排ガス処理装置の製造方法 |
FR3079264B1 (fr) | 2018-03-20 | 2020-03-13 | Faurecia Systemes D'echappement | Organe de purification de gaz d'echappement chauffant et dispositif de purification comprenant un tel organe de purification |
DE102022213319B3 (de) | 2022-12-08 | 2024-03-21 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Vorrichtung zur Abgasnachbehandlung und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2255500A (en) * | 1939-07-19 | 1941-09-09 | Gen Electric | Electric hot plate |
DD276941A1 (de) * | 1988-11-11 | 1990-03-14 | Hettstedt Walzwerk | Verfahren zur herstellung metallummantelter und mineralisolierter spezialhalbzeuge |
DE8905073U1 (de) * | 1989-04-21 | 1990-08-30 | Emitec Gesellschaft für Emissionstechnologie mbH, 5204 Lohmar | Elektrisch leitfähiger Wabenkörper |
BR9106250A (pt) * | 1990-03-19 | 1993-04-06 | Emitec Emissionstechnologie | Processo e dispositivo para controle de funcionamento de um catalisador de um motor de combustao interna |
BR9106613A (pt) * | 1990-07-30 | 1993-06-01 | Emitec Emissionstechnologie | Corpo alveolar aquecivel eletricamente,especialmente corpo de suporte de catalisador,com estruturas internas de sustentacao |
RU2083283C1 (ru) * | 1991-12-21 | 1997-07-10 | Эмитек Гезельшафт Фюр Эмиссионстехнологи Мбх | Ячеистый корпус и способ изготовления электрически подогреваемого ячеистого корпуса |
CN2167204Y (zh) * | 1993-05-11 | 1994-06-01 | 李桂芬 | 新型封闭型电热塞 |
CN2167203Y (zh) * | 1993-09-07 | 1994-06-01 | 胡国君 | 二元发热结构快速型电热塞 |
CN205821111U (zh) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-12-21 | 江苏城中园林股份有限公司 | 一种河道水体修复设备 |
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1993
- 1993-01-21 DE DE4301564A patent/DE4301564A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1994
- 1994-01-10 ES ES94905021T patent/ES2089920T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-10 JP JP6516611A patent/JP2754286B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-10 KR KR1019950702896A patent/KR960700395A/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-01-10 DE DE59400414T patent/DE59400414D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-10 EP EP94905021A patent/EP0680549B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-10 CN CN94190967A patent/CN1063008C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-01-10 KR KR1019950702896A patent/KR0142976B1/ko active
- 1994-01-10 RU RU95121603A patent/RU2125654C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-01-10 WO PCT/EP1994/000048 patent/WO1994017292A1/de active Application Filing
- 1994-01-10 BR BR9405787A patent/BR9405787A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0680549A1 (de) | 1995-11-08 |
CN1116868A (zh) | 1996-02-14 |
DE4301564A1 (de) | 1994-07-28 |
DE59400414D1 (de) | 1996-08-14 |
BR9405787A (pt) | 1995-12-12 |
ES2089920T3 (es) | 1996-10-01 |
KR0142976B1 (ko) | 1998-08-17 |
EP0680549B1 (de) | 1996-07-10 |
JP2754286B2 (ja) | 1998-05-20 |
WO1994017292A1 (de) | 1994-08-04 |
KR960700395A (ko) | 1996-01-20 |
CN1063008C (zh) | 2001-03-07 |
RU2125654C1 (ru) | 1999-01-27 |
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