JPH0789239B2 - Positively charged toner - Google Patents

Positively charged toner

Info

Publication number
JPH0789239B2
JPH0789239B2 JP63169530A JP16953088A JPH0789239B2 JP H0789239 B2 JPH0789239 B2 JP H0789239B2 JP 63169530 A JP63169530 A JP 63169530A JP 16953088 A JP16953088 A JP 16953088A JP H0789239 B2 JPH0789239 B2 JP H0789239B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
charge control
toner
bis
general formula
resin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP63169530A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0218570A (en
Inventor
武 長岡
隆 吉岡
一夫 鎌形
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shikoku Chemicals Corp
Original Assignee
Shikoku Chemicals Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shikoku Chemicals Corp filed Critical Shikoku Chemicals Corp
Priority to JP63169530A priority Critical patent/JPH0789239B2/en
Publication of JPH0218570A publication Critical patent/JPH0218570A/en
Publication of JPH0789239B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0789239B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03GELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00Developers
    • G03G9/08Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/097Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
    • G03G9/09783Organo-metallic compounds
    • G03G9/09791Metallic soaps of higher carboxylic acids
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03GELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00Developers
    • G03G9/08Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/097Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
    • G03G9/09733Organic compounds
    • G03G9/09758Organic compounds comprising a heterocyclic ring

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は電子写真法あるいは静電印刷法等において静電
気潜像を現像するのに用いられる正荷電性トナーに関す
る。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a positively chargeable toner used for developing an electrostatic latent image in electrophotography, electrostatic printing or the like.

従来の技術 一般に静電気潜像の現像用トナーは、スチレン系樹脂,
エポキシ系樹脂あるいはポリエステル系樹脂等のバイン
ダー樹脂に、染料または顔料等の着色剤及び正または負
に帯電性を付与させるための帯電制御剤を分散させたの
ち、平均粒径10〜15μm程度に微粉砕して調整される。
2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a toner for developing an electrostatic latent image is a styrene resin,
After dispersing a colorant such as a dye or a pigment and a charge control agent for imparting positive or negative chargeability to a binder resin such as an epoxy resin or a polyester resin, the average particle diameter is reduced to about 10 to 15 μm. It is crushed and adjusted.

従来、正荷電性トナーに添加されている帯電制御剤とし
ては、黒色のニグロシン系染料,無色ないし淡色の第4
級アンモニウム塩あるいは高級脂肪酸の金属塩等が知ら
れている。
Conventionally, as a charge control agent added to a positively chargeable toner, a black nigrosine-based dye, a colorless to light-colored fourth
Known are ammonium salts or metal salts of higher fatty acids.

また、静電気潜像の現像用トナーにイミダゾール類が使
用されている例として、負の帯電制御剤としての2−ア
ミノベンゾイミダゾールの使用(特開昭61-217055号及
び同61-259265号公報),カプセルトナーの外殻にビニ
ルイミダゾールを使用する方法(特開昭59-187350号公
報),イミダゾールジカルボン酸と帯電制御剤としてニ
グロシン系染料を併用したトナー(特開昭61-294461号
公報),トナーのバインダー樹脂にエポキシ樹脂を使用
した際に硬化剤としてイミダゾール類を使用する方法
(特開昭62-242960号公報)の記載がある。
Further, as an example in which imidazoles are used in a toner for developing an electrostatic latent image, use of 2-aminobenzimidazole as a negative charge control agent (JP-A-61-217055 and 61-259265). , A method of using vinyl imidazole as the outer shell of a capsule toner (JP-A-59-187350), a toner using imidazole dicarboxylic acid and a nigrosine dye as a charge control agent (JP-A-61-294461), There is a description of a method of using an imidazole as a curing agent when an epoxy resin is used as a binder resin of a toner (JP-A-62-242960).

発明が解決しようとする課題 従来知られている正の帯電制御剤の中で、ニグロシン系
染料は帯電制御効果の持続性に乏しく且つ黒色であるた
め黒色以外のカラートナーには不向きであった。また、
第4級アンモニウム塩あるいは高級脂肪酸の金属塩は、
無色ないし淡色であるためカラートナーに有利ではある
が、帯電制御効果が不充分なため少量の添加で高い帯電
量を得ることが困難であった。その他にも種々の化合物
が提案されているが、いずれも帯電制御効果が不充分で
あるため、実用に耐えるものは未だ見い出されていな
い。
Problems to be Solved by the Invention Among conventionally known positive charge control agents, nigrosine dyes are not suitable for color toners other than black because they have poor sustainability of charge control effect and are black. Also,
Quaternary ammonium salts or higher fatty acid metal salts are
Since it is colorless or light-colored, it is advantageous for color toners, but it is difficult to obtain a high charge amount by adding a small amount because of insufficient charge control effect. Various other compounds have been proposed, but none of them have been found to be practically usable because of insufficient charge control effect.

本発明の目的は、黒色印刷用はもとより、特にカラー印
刷用に適した白色ないし淡色で且つ少ない添加量で高い
帯電制御効果が得られる正荷電の帯電制御剤を提供する
ことにある。
It is an object of the present invention to provide a positively-charged charge control agent which is suitable for black color printing as well as particularly for color printing and is white to light colored and which can obtain a high charge control effect with a small addition amount.

課題を解決するための手段 本発明者等は、このような事情に鑑み種々の試験研究を
行った結果、帯電制御剤として下記の一般式〔I〕で表
わされる4,4′−メチレン−ビス(2−アルキルイミダ
ゾール)と一般式〔II〕で表わされる長鎖脂肪酸の金属
塩を添加することにより、所期の正荷電性トナーが得ら
れることを見い出した。
Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted various test studies in view of such circumstances, and as a result, as a charge control agent, 4,4′-methylene-bis represented by the following general formula [I] is shown. It has been found that the desired positively charged toner can be obtained by adding (2-alkylimidazole) and a metal salt of a long chain fatty acid represented by the general formula [II].

一般式〔I〕 一般式〔II〕 本発明において用いる4,4′−メチレン−ビス(2−ア
ルキルイミダゾール)の代表的なものは、4,4′−メチ
レン−ビス(2−ウンデシル−5−メチルイミダゾー
ル)〔以下C114MZビス体という〕あるいは4,4′−メチ
レン−ビス(2−エチル−5−メチルイミダゾール)
〔以下2E4MZビス体という〕であり、これらは特公昭61-
41910号公報あるいは同61-41911号公報記載の方法によ
って合成することができ、その融点はC114MZビス体183
℃、2E4MZビス体260.5℃といずれも高く、且つ両者とも
無色ないし淡黄色固体であり、また無臭で吸湿性が低く
熱安定性に優れている。
General formula [I] General formula (II) A typical example of 4,4'-methylene-bis (2-alkylimidazole) used in the present invention is 4,4'-methylene-bis (2-undecyl-5-methylimidazole) [hereinafter referred to as C 11 4MZ bis compound]. Or 4,4'-methylene-bis (2-ethyl-5-methylimidazole)
[Hereinafter referred to as 2E4MZ screw body], these are
41910 JP or can be synthesized by a method similar 61-41911 JP, its melting point is C 11 4MZ bis-183
C., 2E4MZ bis body 260.5 ° C., both are high, and both are colorless or pale yellow solids, and they are odorless, have low hygroscopicity, and have excellent thermal stability.

本発明の使用に適する代表的な長鎖脂肪酸の金属塩とし
ては、Cu、Al、Zn、Fe、Co、Ni等の周期表第IB、第II
B、第IIIA及び第VIII族の元素から選ばれた金属とカプ
リル酸、ラウリル酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ス
テアリン酸等の飽和脂肪酸あるいはオレイン酸、リノー
ル酸等の不飽和脂肪酸のいずれか一種との塩が挙げら
れ、好ましくは、ラウリル酸亜鉛、ステアリン酸亜鉛、
オクチル酸アルミニウム等がある。
Typical long-chain fatty acid metal salts suitable for use in the present invention include Cu, Al, Zn, Fe, Co, Ni, etc.
B, a metal selected from Group IIIA and Group VIII elements and any one of saturated fatty acids such as caprylic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid, or unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid and linoleic acid. The salts thereof include, preferably, zinc laurate, zinc stearate,
Aluminum octylate and the like.

本発明正荷電性トナーにおける4,4′−メチレン−ビス
(2−アルキルイミダゾール)は、トナー中に0.1〜10
重量%好ましくは0.5〜5.0重量%添加すればよく、これ
らの配合量が少な過ぎる帯電制御効果が低くなり、多過
ぎると帯電制御効果が安定しなくなる。また、長鎖脂肪
酸の金属塩は、トナー中に0.01〜1.0重量%添加すれば
よい。
The 4,4'-methylene-bis (2-alkylimidazole) in the positively chargeable toner of the present invention is added in an amount of 0.1 to 10 in the toner.
%, Preferably 0.5 to 5.0% by weight. If the blending amount of these is too small, the charge control effect is low, and if it is too large, the charge control effect becomes unstable. The metal salt of long-chain fatty acid may be added to the toner in an amount of 0.01 to 1.0% by weight.

また本発明の実施に当たっては、4,4′−メチレン−ビ
ス(2−アルキルイミダゾール)と従来知られているニ
グロシン系染料,第4級アンモニウム塩あるいは高級脂
肪酸の金属塩等の正の帯電制御剤を併用してもよい。
In the practice of the present invention, 4,4'-methylene-bis (2-alkylimidazole), a conventionally known positive charge control agent such as a nigrosine dye, a quaternary ammonium salt, or a metal salt of a higher fatty acid. You may use together.

本発明の実施においては、バインダー樹脂としてポリエ
チレン樹脂,ポリプロピレン樹脂,ポリスチレン樹脂,
ポリアミド樹脂,ポリウレタン樹脂,エポキシ樹脂,フ
ェノール樹脂,ポリエステル樹脂,ポリカーボネート樹
脂等及びこれらのうち2種以上を混合して用いることが
でき、特にスチレンとアクリル酸エステルとの共重合樹
脂は好適なものである。
In the practice of the present invention, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polystyrene resin,
Polyamide resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, phenol resin, polyester resin, polycarbonate resin, etc., and two or more kinds of them can be mixed and used. Particularly, a copolymer resin of styrene and acrylic ester is preferable. is there.

着色剤としては公知の各種着色剤を使用することができ
る。
As the colorant, various known colorants can be used.

たとえば、黒色トナーの場合にはカーボンブラックある
いはニグロシン系染料、赤色トナーの場合にはローダミ
ン顔料あるいはキナクドリン顔料、青色トナーの場合に
は銅フタロシアニン顔料あるいはアントラセン誘導体染
料、黄色トナーの場合にはベンジンイエロー等の着色剤
の使用が可能である。
For example, carbon black or nigrosine dye for black toner, rhodamine pigment or quinacdrine pigment for red toner, copper phthalocyanine pigment or anthracene derivative dye for blue toner, benzine yellow for yellow toner, etc. It is possible to use the above colorants.

本発明の実施に当たっては、前記化合物の他に、画像特
性を改良する公知の添加剤を添加することができる。例
えば、コロイダルシリカのような流動化剤,チタン酸ス
トロンチウム及び炭化ケイ素などの研磨剤,ステアリン
酸金属塩などの滑剤ならびに酸化スズなどの導電性付与
剤等を含有してもよい。
In carrying out the present invention, in addition to the above compounds, known additives which improve image characteristics can be added. For example, a fluidizing agent such as colloidal silica, an abrasive such as strontium titanate and silicon carbide, a lubricant such as metal stearate, and a conductivity-imparting agent such as tin oxide may be contained.

本発明の正荷電性トナーは、公知の方法によって製造す
ることができる。すなわち、バインダー樹脂に4,4′−
メチレン−ビス(2−アルキルイミダゾール)、長鎖脂
肪酸の金属塩、着色剤及びその他の添加剤を適宜配合し
たのち、熱ロール,ニーダーまたは押出機などを用いて
充分に混練し、次いで粗粉砕及び微粉砕を行い、分級工
程を経て、粒径45μm以下、望ましくは4〜20μmの粒
子を採取して平均粒径10〜15μmのトナーを製造するこ
とができる。
The positively chargeable toner of the present invention can be manufactured by a known method. That is, 4,4'-
Methylene-bis (2-alkylimidazole), long-chain fatty acid metal salt, colorant and other additives are appropriately mixed, and then sufficiently kneaded using a hot roll, kneader or extruder, and then coarsely pulverized and Finely pulverized and subjected to a classification step to collect particles having a particle size of 45 μm or less, preferably 4 to 20 μm, to produce a toner having an average particle size of 10 to 15 μm.

実施例1〜4及び比較例1〜4 バインダー樹脂としてスチレン−アクリル酸エステル系
共重合体樹脂(藤倉化成(株)製:S−708F)を用い、着
色剤としてカーボンブラック#40(三菱化成工業(株)
製,中性タイプ)〔CB−1と表示する〕,カーボンブラ
ックMA100(三菱化成工業(株)製,酸性タイプ)〔CB
−2と表示する〕あるいはライオノールブルーFG7330
(東洋インキ(株)製,フタロシアニン系青色顔料)
〔Fと表示する〕を用い、帯電制御剤としてはC114MZ
ビス体あるいは2E4MZビス体のいずれか一種及びステア
リン酸亜鉛あるいはラウリル酸亜鉛のいずれか一種を乳
鉢で微粉砕したものを用い、また比較例においては、市
販の無色第4級アンモニウム塩型の正荷電用帯電制御剤
を用い、これらバインダー樹脂,着色剤及び帯電制御剤
を表1に示した重量比によって配合し、小型ミキサーに
よりドライブレンドさせ、次いで2軸押出機を使用して
130〜160℃の温度で混練し、押出後冷却したものを乳鉢
で粗粉砕し、さらに粉砕機を使用し冷却しながら微粉砕
したのち、ステンレス製の目開き44μmの篩を通過させ
て試料を造り、前記試料1gとキャリヤー(鉄粉)25gを
ポリエチレン製容器(100ml容量)に入れ、ボールミル
回転機上で5分間あるいは30分間撹拌、震盪させたの
ち、ブローオフ型帯電量測定機を使用してその帯電量を
測定した。
Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 Styrene-acrylic acid ester copolymer resin (S-708F manufactured by Fujikura Kasei Co., Ltd.) was used as a binder resin, and carbon black # 40 (Mitsubishi Kasei Co., Ltd.) was used as a colorant. (stock)
Made, neutral type) [labeled as CB-1], carbon black MA100 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei Co., Ltd., acidic type) [CB
-2] or Lyonor Blue FG7330
(Toyo Ink Co., Ltd., phthalocyanine blue pigment)
[Displayed as F] is used and C 11 4MZ is used as the charge control agent.
One of the bis form and 2E4MZ bis form and one of zinc stearate and zinc laurate were finely pulverized in a mortar, and in the comparative example, a commercially available colorless quaternary ammonium salt type positive charge was used. Using the charge control agent for use, these binder resin, colorant and charge control agent are blended in the weight ratios shown in Table 1, dry blended with a small mixer, and then using a twin-screw extruder.
After kneading at a temperature of 130-160 ° C, extruding and cooling, coarsely pulverize in a mortar, finely pulverize while cooling using a pulverizer, and then pass through a stainless steel sieve with a pore size of 44 μm to give a sample. Build, put 1 g of the sample and 25 g of carrier (iron powder) in a polyethylene container (100 ml capacity), stir for 5 minutes or 30 minutes on a ball mill rotator, shake, and then use a blow-off type electrification meter. The charge amount was measured.

なお、キャリヤーとしては、鉄粉(同和鉄粉(株)製DS
P-128B)を用いた。
As a carrier, iron powder (DS manufactured by Dowa Iron Powder Co., Ltd.)
P-128B) was used.

また帯電量の測定方法は、サンプル量200mg,ブロー圧力
1kg/cm2,測定時間25秒であり、測定値の単位は試料1g
当たりの10-6クローン(μC)で表示した。
In addition, the measurement method of the charge amount is 200 mg of sample amount, blow pressure
1kg / cm 2 , measuring time is 25 seconds, unit of measured value is 1g of sample
It is represented by 10 −6 clones (μC).

実施例及び比較例の帯電量の測定結果は、表2に示した
とおりであった。
The measurement results of the charge amounts of the examples and the comparative examples are shown in Table 2.

発明の効果 本発明正荷電性トナーは、帯電制御剤として4,4′−メ
チレン−ビス(2−アルキルイミダゾール)と長鎖脂肪
酸の金属塩を併用し、両者の相乗効果によって高い帯電
制御効果を有しているので、少量の添加で高い帯電制御
効果が得られ且つ白色ないし淡色であるため黒色印刷用
はもとより、特にカラー印刷用の静電写真用トナーの製
造が可能である。
EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The positively chargeable toner of the present invention uses 4,4′-methylene-bis (2-alkylimidazole) as a charge control agent in combination with a metal salt of a long-chain fatty acid, and exhibits a high charge control effect by the synergistic effect of both. Since it has a small amount of addition, a high charge control effect can be obtained, and since it is white or pale color, it is possible to manufacture an electrophotographic toner not only for black printing but also for color printing.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】帯電制御剤として下記一般式〔I〕で表わ
される4,4′−メチレン−ビス(2−アルキルイミダゾ
ール)と一般式〔II〕で表わされる長鎖脂肪酸の金属塩
を必須成分として含有することを特徴とする正荷電性ト
ナー。 一般式〔I〕 一般式〔II〕
1. A charge control agent comprising 4,4'-methylene-bis (2-alkylimidazole) represented by the following general formula [I] and a metal salt of a long-chain fatty acid represented by the general formula [II] as essential components. A positively chargeable toner characterized by being contained as. General formula [I] General formula (II)
JP63169530A 1988-07-06 1988-07-06 Positively charged toner Expired - Lifetime JPH0789239B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63169530A JPH0789239B2 (en) 1988-07-06 1988-07-06 Positively charged toner

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63169530A JPH0789239B2 (en) 1988-07-06 1988-07-06 Positively charged toner

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0218570A JPH0218570A (en) 1990-01-22
JPH0789239B2 true JPH0789239B2 (en) 1995-09-27

Family

ID=15888207

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP63169530A Expired - Lifetime JPH0789239B2 (en) 1988-07-06 1988-07-06 Positively charged toner

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0789239B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2841384B2 (en) * 1988-09-22 1998-12-24 ミノルタ株式会社 Electrostatic toner
EP0431930B1 (en) * 1989-12-08 1996-10-23 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Developer for electrophotography

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0736083B2 (en) * 1985-01-09 1995-04-19 キヤノン株式会社 Toner for electrostatic image development
JPH0778649B2 (en) * 1986-05-10 1995-08-23 ミノルタ株式会社 Positively charged toner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0218570A (en) 1990-01-22

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