JPH0780706B2 - Ceramic molding method - Google Patents

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は粘土を原料とした窯業製品を鍛造法、プレス法
等によって素材から製品までを一挙に成形するセラミッ
ク成形法に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of use] The present invention relates to a ceramic molding method for molding a ceramic product using clay as a raw material from a raw material to a product at once by a forging method, a pressing method or the like.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

一般に、粘土を原料としたタイル、瓦、パネル、パイプ
等は押出成形、あるいはプレスによって形成し、これを
焼成して所定の製品を生産していた。Generally, tiles, roof tiles, panels, pipes, and the like made of clay as raw material are formed by extrusion molding or pressing, and are fired to produce a predetermined product.

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕 しかしながら、この種方法で形成した押出物等は焼成時
にひどく軟化して変形し薄物、片持ちばり的構成材を所
定形状で製品化できないばかりでなく、乾燥、焼成時の
収縮によって寸法の変化、クラック、割れが生じたり、
複雑な形状を形成できず、しかも強度に劣る不利があっ
た。[Problems to be solved by the invention] However, extrudates and the like formed by this kind of method are not only not able to be commercialized in a predetermined shape with a thin product, a cantilevered constitutional material that is severely softened and deformed during firing, but also dried. , Dimensional changes, cracks, breaks may occur due to shrinkage during firing,
It had the disadvantage that it could not form a complicated shape and was inferior in strength.

〔問題点を解決するための手段〕[Means for solving problems]

本発明はこのような欠点を除去するため、粉末で乾燥し
た粘土原料を炉に入れて溶融し、これを型に注入してや
や塊となった状態で鍛造して所定形状に成形し、その後
で徐冷して製品化し、緻密組織で強度があり、しかも吸
水性がなく、凍結融解に強く、その上、焼成時の収縮に
よる悪影響も生ぜず、精密成形が容易なセラミック成形
法を提案するものである。In order to eliminate such defects, the present invention puts a clay raw material, which has been dried with powder, into a furnace and melts it, injects it into a mold and forges it in a slightly lumped state to form it into a predetermined shape, and then Proposal of a ceramic molding method that can be easily cooled and commercialized, has a dense structure, is strong, has no water absorption, is resistant to freeze-thawing, and has no adverse effects due to shrinkage during firing, and that facilitates precision molding. Is.

〔実施例〕 以下に、図面を用いて本発明に係るセラミック成形法の
一実施例を詳細に説明する。すなわち、第１図は本発明
に係る工程の一実施例を示す説明図で、図において、１
はホッパ、２は炉、３は型、４は鍛造部、５は成形部、
６は徐冷部である。さらに説明すると、ホッパ１は粘土
原料を乾燥して粉末としたもので信楽粘土、その他の産
地粘土を混合等したものであり、これを定量づつ、ある
いは連続して供給する装置である。炉２は粉末化した粘
土を加熱によって1000〜1400℃位で溶融させ、溶融粘土
Ａは第２図（ａ）に示すように炉２の出口2aから第２図
（ｂ）に示すように型３へ送給するものである。型３は
溶融粘土Ａを所定形状に成形するためのものであり、こ
の型３を鍛造部４に移送し、ここで第２図（ｃ）に示す
ように最終形状の近くの形状まで成形するものである。
成形部５は鍛造部４によって細部の成形の不可能部等を
成形するものであり、特に薄板の差込部等のある例えば
第３図（ｋ）に示すような成形体の断面の部材に有用で
ある。徐冷部６は成形されたセラミック成形体Ｂを徐冷
するものであり、約600〜400℃位に冷却して図示しない
搬送工程に移送するものである。Example An example of the ceramic molding method according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. That is, FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing one embodiment of the process according to the present invention.
Is a hopper, 2 is a furnace, 3 is a mold, 4 is a forged part, 5 is a forming part,
6 is an annealing part. To further explain, the hopper 1 is a clay raw material made into powder and mixed with Shigaraki clay and other producing area clay, and is a device for supplying this quantitatively or continuously. The furnace 2 melts the powdered clay at about 1000 to 1400 ° C. by heating, and the molten clay A is formed from the outlet 2a of the furnace 2 into a mold as shown in FIG. 2 (b) as shown in FIG. 2 (a). It is to be sent to 3. The mold 3 is for molding the molten clay A into a predetermined shape, and the mold 3 is transferred to the forging unit 4 where it is molded to a shape close to the final shape as shown in FIG. 2 (c). It is a thing.
The forming part 5 is for forming a part that cannot be formed in detail by the forging part 4, and is particularly used for a member having a cross section of a formed body such as an insertion part of a thin plate as shown in FIG. 3 (k). It is useful. The slow cooling unit 6 is for gradually cooling the formed ceramic molded body B, and is for cooling it to about 600 to 400 ° C. and transferring it to a not-shown carrying step.

次に具体例につき説明する。Next, a specific example will be described.

いま、第３図（ｃ）に示すようなパネルを製造すると仮
定する。まず、粘土原料の粉末をホッパ１から炉２に送
給し、1400℃位で溶融して型３に注入する。注入された
型３では溶融粘土Ａが塊となりつつあるときに鍛造部４
に送給し、薄い平板に形成する。次に成形部５ではまだ
軟化状態のときに波板に成形し、徐冷部（６）へ送給す
る。徐冷部６ではセラミック成形体Ｂにクラックが入ら
ないようにして次工程へ送給するものである。なお、鍛
造は軟化状態でのみ行い、硬化したり、温度が低下した
状態では鍛造しない。Now, assume that a panel as shown in FIG. 3 (c) is manufactured. First, the clay raw material powder is fed from the hopper 1 to the furnace 2, melted at about 1400 ° C., and poured into the mold 3. In the injected mold 3, the forged part 4 is formed when the molten clay A is becoming a lump.
To form a thin flat plate. Next, in the forming part 5, when it is still in a softened state, it is formed into a corrugated plate and fed to the slow cooling part (6). In the slow cooling section 6, the ceramic molded body B is fed to the next step so as not to be cracked. In addition, forging is performed only in a softened state, and is not forged in a state where it is hardened or the temperature is lowered.

以上、説明したのは本発明に係るセラミック成形法の一
実施例にすぎず、第３図（ａ）〜（ｌ）に示すような形
状に成形することができる。すなわち、（ａ）図は薄い
平板、（ｂ）図は化粧面に凹凸の模様B₁を形成した平
板、（ｃ）図は波板、（ｄ）図は瓦、（ｅ）図は半円形
樋、（ｆ）図は外壁材、（ｇ）図はリンク状、（ｈ）図
は容器型、（ｉ）、（ｊ）図は平板状外装材、（ｋ）、
（ｌ）図はサイディグ材の一例を示すものである。As described above, only one embodiment of the ceramic molding method according to the present invention has been described, and the ceramic molding method can be molded into a shape as shown in FIGS. That is, (a) is a thin flat plate, (b) is a flat plate with an uneven pattern B ₁ on the decorative surface, (c) is a corrugated plate, (d) is a roof tile, and (e) is a semicircle. Gutter, (f) figure is outer wall material, (g) figure is link shape, (h) figure is container type, (i), (j) figures are flat plate exterior materials, (k),
(L) The figure shows an example of the siddig material.

〔発明の効果〕〔The invention's effect〕

上述したように本発明に係るセラミック成形法によれ
ば、焼成時に軟化して所定の形状が保たれない形状の
部材を得ることができる。一挙に最終形状を形成する
ため寸法精度が高い。組織が緻密であるため強度が高
い。押し出し後の収縮率を考慮する必要がない。ロ
ール成形、押出と異なり化粧面に任意の模様を形成でき
る。軟化状態で鍛造、成形の過程を経るため、一挙に
複雑な形状を成形できる。等の特徴がある。As described above, according to the ceramic forming method of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a member having a shape that is softened during firing and does not maintain a predetermined shape. Since the final shape is formed all at once, the dimensional accuracy is high. The structure is dense and has high strength. It is not necessary to consider the shrinkage rate after extrusion. Unlike roll molding and extrusion, it is possible to form an arbitrary pattern on the decorative surface. Since the process of forging and forming is performed in the softened state, complicated shapes can be formed all at once. There are features such as.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

第１図は本発明に係るセラミック成形法の一実施例を示
す説明図、第２図（ａ）〜（ｃ）はセラミック成形工程
の一例を示す説明図、第３図（ａ）〜（ｌ）は本発明に
係るセラミック成形体の一例を示す斜視図である。 １……ホッパ、２……炉、３……型、４……鍛造部、５
……成形部、６……徐冷部。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a ceramic forming method according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 (a) to (c) are explanatory views showing an example of a ceramic forming process, and FIGS. 3 (a) to (l). 3] is a perspective view showing an example of a ceramic molded body according to the present invention. 1 ... Hopper, 2 ... Furnace, 3 ... Mold, 4 ... Forged part, 5
…… Molding section, 6 …… Slow cooling section.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】粘土原料を粉末乾燥させ、該粉末を炉に入
れ溶融し、該溶融粘土を型に注入し、やや塊となった状
態で鍛造し、まだ軟化状態のときに所定形状に成形後、
徐冷したことを特徴とするセラミック成形法。1. A clay raw material is powder-dried, the powder is put into a furnace and melted, the molten clay is poured into a mold, forged in a slightly lump state, and molded into a predetermined shape when it is still in a softened state. rear,
A ceramic molding method characterized by slow cooling.