JPH0726564A - Joint construction method for temporary sheet-pile cofferdam construction method or the like - Google Patents
Joint construction method for temporary sheet-pile cofferdam construction method or the likeInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0726564A JPH0726564A JP17185693A JP17185693A JPH0726564A JP H0726564 A JPH0726564 A JP H0726564A JP 17185693 A JP17185693 A JP 17185693A JP 17185693 A JP17185693 A JP 17185693A JP H0726564 A JPH0726564 A JP H0726564A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- construction method
- filled
- joint
- steel pipe
- sheet pile
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、矢板仮締切り工法に
於ける継手工法に関するものであり、特に、伸縮継手
（可撓継手）設置位置に打設せられた鋼管矢板又は鋼矢
板の継手工法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a joint construction method in a sheet pile temporary cut-off construction method, and more particularly to a steel pipe sheet pile or a steel sheet pile joint construction method driven at an expansion joint (flexible joint) installation position. It is about.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】従来、
此種鋼管矢板又は鋼矢板の仮締切り工法における伸縮継
手・可撓性継手に関してタール系弾性シーリング材を用
いたものと伸縮止水ゴムを用いたものが知られている。
而して、上記両者は何れも河川の樋門或いは樋管工事を
施工する際に下記の問題点を有している。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the problems to be solved by the invention
As for expansion joints / flexible joints in this type of steel pipe sheet pile or steel sheet pile temporary cutoff construction method, one using a tar-based elastic sealing material and one using an expansion / stop waterproof rubber are known.
Thus, both of the above have the following problems when constructing a river gutter or gutter pipe construction.
【０００３】前者について 養生期間が必要。 打設前に充填する必要があるため、打設時の貫入抵
抗が大となる。 長尺物の場合は継手部の止水に不安があり、更に、
継手部の溶接による熱の影響をうけ易い。The former requires a curing period. Since it is necessary to fill before pouring, the penetration resistance at the time of pouring becomes large. In the case of long products, there is concern about stopping water at the joint,
It is easily affected by heat generated by welding the joint.
【０００４】後者について 施工手順が複雑となる。 工場製品のため、長尺物への対応が困難である。 長尺となる場合は、施工性に難点があり、且つ、止
水性も低下する。 そこで、上記問題点に鑑み、施工性が良好で、且つ、止
水性及び変位に対する追随性を確保できるようにするた
めに解決せらるべき技術的課題が生じてくるのであり、
本発明は該課題を解決することを目的とする。Regarding the latter, the construction procedure becomes complicated. As it is a factory product, it is difficult to handle long products. When the length is long, there is a difficulty in workability and the water stopping property is also reduced. Therefore, in view of the above problems, the workability is good, and there is a technical problem to be solved in order to ensure the water stoppage and the followability to the displacement,
The present invention aims to solve the problems.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記目的を達成
するために提案せられたものであり、鋼管矢板又は鋼矢
板が前後二列に一定の距離を有して打設され、更に、該
前後の鋼管矢板又は鋼矢板によって形成される空間部に
中詰めコンクリート又は中詰め土砂を充填して成る矢板
仮締切り工法に於いて、継手設置位置に打設された鋼管
矢板又は鋼矢板は、その左右隣接部にて遊隙を有して相
互に係合される係合片の該遊隙内に弾性材を充填し、更
に、該継手位置の前記鋼管矢板又は鋼矢板には夫々前後
方向に案内板が相互に対峙して固設されており、この案
内板に案内されて挿入される左右対峙して設けられた堰
板間に止水ゴムを介装し、且つ、該堰板は夫々の堰板の
外側面に充填される前記中詰めコンクリートにて前記案
内板に密着せしめられる矢板仮締切り工法に於ける継手
工法を提供するものである。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in which steel pipe sheet piles or steel sheet piles are placed in front and rear two rows with a certain distance, and further, In the sheet pile temporary cutoff method in which the space portion formed by the front and rear steel pipe sheet piles or steel sheet piles is filled with filled concrete or filled sand, the steel pipe sheet piles or steel sheet piles cast at the joint installation position are Elastic material is filled in the clearances of the engaging pieces that are engaged with each other with a clearance at the left and right adjacent portions, and further, the steel pipe sheet pile or the steel sheet pile at the joint position has a front-back direction, respectively. Guide plates are fixed to face each other, and a waterproof rubber is interposed between the weir plates provided facing each other and inserted by being guided by the guide plates. Make sure that the guide plates are closely adhered to each other by the filling concrete filled on the outer surface of each barrier plate. To the sheet pile provisional deadline method is to provide at joint method.
【０００６】[0006]
【作用】鋼管矢板又は鋼矢板が前後二列に一定の間隔を
有して打設され、そして、この前後の鋼管矢板又は鋼矢
板によって形成され、空間部に中詰めコンクリート又は
中詰め土砂が充填される矢板仮締切り工法に於いて、継
手設置位置に打設された左右の鋼管矢板又は鋼矢板相互
間を結合している係合片は、例えば片方は略円筒状に形
成されており、他方はこの円筒状の係合片内に遊隙を有
して挿入されるようになっているので、已に相互に係合
されている係合片の該遊隙内に弾性材を充填する。斯く
して、後述の堰板による継手本体と相俟って変位に対す
る追随性を有し、且つ、該変位に基づく荷重の伝達をも
遮断できる。[Operation] Steel pipe sheet piles or steel sheet piles are placed in front and rear two rows with a constant interval, and are formed by the front and rear steel pipe sheet piles or steel sheet piles, and the space is filled with the filled concrete or the filled sand. In the temporary sheet pile shut-off method, the left and right steel pipe sheet piles, which are placed at the joint installation position, or the engagement pieces that connect the steel sheet piles together, for example, one of which is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, the other Is inserted into the cylindrical engagement piece with a clearance, so that the elastic material is filled in the clearance of the engagement pieces already engaged with each other. Thus, it is possible to follow the displacement in cooperation with the joint main body by the dam plate described later, and to block the transmission of the load based on the displacement.
【０００７】又、継手位置の前記鋼管矢板又は鋼矢板に
夫々対峙して案内板が固設されているが、該案内板に案
内されて挿入される堰板が左右対峙して設けられ、その
間に止水ゴムが介装されているが、この双方の堰板は夫
々の案内板を内側にしてその外側面に沿って所定深さま
で挿入される。その後、左右の堰板の夫々の外側であっ
て、前記前後の鋼管矢板又は鋼矢板間に中詰めコンクリ
ート又は中詰め土砂が充填される。斯くして、該堰板は
前記中詰めコンクリート又は中詰め土砂の充填によって
前記案内板に密着し、更に、該堰板間に介装した止水ゴ
ム及び前記係合片内に充填された弾性材と相俟って止水
作用を為し、且つ、既設の構造物との接続部へ適用した
場合、変位に基づく荷重伝達をも遮断すると共に、追随
性も確保される。Further, guide plates are fixedly installed facing the steel pipe sheet piles or steel sheet piles at the joint position, respectively, but weir plates to be inserted by being guided by the guide plates are provided facing left and right, and between them. A water blocking rubber is interposed between the two barrier plates, and the two barrier plates are inserted to a predetermined depth along the outer surface of each of the guide plates inside. After that, inside the front and rear steel pipe sheet piles or between the steel sheet piles on the outside of each of the left and right barrier plates, the filled concrete or the filled sand is filled. Thus, the dam plate is brought into close contact with the guide plate by filling the filling concrete or filling sand, and further, the water blocking rubber interposed between the dam plates and the elasticity filled in the engaging piece. In combination with the material, it has a water blocking effect, and when applied to a connection part with an existing structure, it also blocks load transmission due to displacement and secures followability.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】以下、本発明の一実施例を図１乃至図４に従
って詳述する。図１に於いて１は水中に打設された鋼管
矢板である。該鋼管矢板１は前後に一定の距離を有して
二列に多数打設され、そして、左右隣接の鋼管矢板相互
間は、相互に係合する係合片２，２ａ，２，２ａ…を夫
々係合して結合している。而して、該係合片２，２ａの
形状は特に限定せられるものではないが、少なくとも継
手設置位置Ｐに於ける該係合片２，２ａ及び２，２ａは
相互に係合されるとき遊隙部Ｓ，Ｓを有し、且つ、該遊
隙部Ｓ，Ｓに２液混合タイプのウレタン系樹脂等の弾性
材３，３が夫々充填される。従って、該弾性材３，３は
水中にても注入可能である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a steel pipe sheet pile cast in water. The steel pipe sheet piles 1 are mounted in a large number in two rows with a certain distance in the front and back, and between the adjacent steel pipe sheet piles, engaging pieces 2, 2a, 2, 2a ... Which engage with each other are provided. They are engaged and coupled, respectively. The shape of the engaging pieces 2, 2a is not particularly limited, but when the engaging pieces 2, 2a and 2, 2a at least at the joint installation position P are engaged with each other. The elastic members 3 and 3 are provided with the clearances S and S, and the clearances S and S are filled with elastic materials 3 and 3 such as a two-liquid mixed type urethane resin. Therefore, the elastic materials 3 and 3 can be injected even in water.
【０００９】そこで、該係合片２，２は例えば前面を縦
方向に切開した筒状体を片方の鋼管矢板１，１の縦方向
に固設し、そして、該係合片２，２の前記前面の切開部
を介して該係合片２，２内に夫々挿入できる略Ｔ字状の
係合片２ａ，２ａを前記他方の鋼管矢板１，１に固設し
て之等係合片２，２ａ及び２，２ａ相互を前記遊隙部
Ｓ，Ｓを有して係合することができるように構成され
る。Therefore, the engaging pieces 2 and 2 are, for example, a cylindrical body whose front surface is cut in the vertical direction and fixed in the longitudinal direction of one of the steel pipe sheet piles 1 and 1, and the engaging pieces 2 and 2 are fixed. Substantially T-shaped engaging pieces 2a, 2a that can be inserted into the engaging pieces 2, 2 through the cutouts on the front surface are fixedly mounted on the other steel pipe sheet pile 1, 1 and the like engaging pieces. 2, 2a and 2, 2a are configured to be able to engage with each other with the clearances S, S.
【００１０】更に、前記継手設置位置Ｐの鋼管矢板１，
１，１，１には夫々案内板４，４，４，４が前後方向に
相互に対峙して固設されている。即ち、該案内板４，
４，４，４は左右に於いては間隔Ｌ，Ｌを有し、前後に
於いては距離Ｍ，Ｍを有して相互に対設されており、且
つ、図１に示す如く、前後の鋼管矢板１，１…にて形成
される空間部Ｗに向って平行に突設されている。更に、
該案内板４，４，４，４は図２及び図３に示す如く、夫
々の内側に補強リブ５，５…が設けられており、且つ、
下端部には後述の堰板６の支持部材７，７，７，７が夫
々固設されている。Further, the steel pipe sheet pile 1 at the joint installation position P is
Guide plates 4, 4, 4, 4 are fixed to the 1, 1, 1 so as to face each other in the front-rear direction. That is, the guide plate 4,
4, 4 and 4 are spaced from each other on the left and right sides, and are spaced from each other on the front and rear sides by distances M and M, and as shown in FIG. The steel pipe sheet piles 1, 1 ... Furthermore,
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the guide plates 4, 4, 4, 4 are provided with reinforcing ribs 5, 5 ... Inside, and
Support members 7, 7, 7, 7 of the dam plate 6 described later are fixedly provided at the lower end portions thereof, respectively.
【００１１】又、前記堰板６は左右対峙して設けられ、
その間に止水ゴム８の取付プレート９，９を夫々突設し
て、該取付プレート９，９に該止水ゴム８の左右両端部
を夫々ボルト１０，１０…及びナット１１，１１…にて
緊締し、一体的に組立てられて継手本体Ａを構成してい
る。而して、該堰板６，６の前後方向の長さはその両端
部が前記前後に対峙している案内板４，４，４，４の夫
々の外側面に当接できる長さであり、更に、左右の距離
は前記止水ゴム８にて任意に調整されるが、該堰板６，
６を前記案内板４，４，４，４の外側面に沿って所定深
さまで挿入されるとき、該継手本体Ａはクレーン（図示
せず）等にて吊り込まれ、そして、前記支持部材７，７
によって仮支持されるのであるが、このとき段取材（図
示せず）を前記堰板６，６間に介装して該堰板６，６を
適切な間隔に保持し乍ら該継手本体Ａを吊り込むのであ
る。勿論、該段取材は該継手本体Ａの吊り込み後は撤去
される。The barrier plates 6 are provided so as to face each other,
In the meantime, mounting plates 9 and 9 for the water blocking rubber 8 are provided so as to project, and the left and right ends of the water blocking rubber 8 are respectively attached to the mounting plates 9 and 9 by bolts 10, 10 ... And nuts 11, 11. The joint body A is constructed by tightening and assembling integrally. The lengths of the barrier plates 6 and 6 in the front-rear direction are such that both ends thereof can abut the outer surfaces of the guide plates 4, 4, 4 and 4 facing each other in the front-rear direction. Further, although the left and right distances are arbitrarily adjusted by the water blocking rubber 8, the weir plate 6,
When 6 is inserted along the outer surface of the guide plates 4, 4, 4, 4 to a predetermined depth, the joint body A is suspended by a crane (not shown) or the like, and the support member 7 , 7
At this time, a setup material (not shown) is interposed between the weir plates 6 and 6 to hold the weir plates 6 and 6 at appropriate intervals. Hang it. Of course, the setup material is removed after the joint body A is suspended.
【００１２】斯くして、該継手本体Ａが前記案内板４，
４，４，４の外側面に沿って吊り込まれた後、左右の前
後鋼管矢板１，１…間の前記空間部Ｗ内に中詰めコンク
リート１２，１２が夫々充填される。このとき、該堰板
６，６は該中詰めコンクリート１２，１２の側圧によっ
て前記案内板４，４，４，４に密着する。そして、該案
内板４，４，４，４及び該堰板６，６は補強リブ５，５
…，５ａ，５ａ…によって該側圧に抵抗できる。Thus, the joint body A has the guide plates 4,
After being suspended along the outer side surfaces of 4, 4, 4, the space W between the left and right front and rear steel pipe sheet piles 1, 1 ... At this time, the barrier plates 6 and 6 are brought into close contact with the guide plates 4, 4, 4 and 4 by the lateral pressure of the filling concretes 12 and 12. The guide plates 4, 4, 4, 4 and the dam plates 6, 6 are reinforced ribs 5, 5
, 5a, 5a ... Can resist the lateral pressure.
【００１３】又、該堰板６，６間に介装されている止水
ゴム８の代わりに２液混合タイプのウレタン系樹脂の弾
性材を直接に充填してもよい。更に、本発明の継手工法
は仮締切工法のみに用いられるのではなく、地下連続壁
における伸縮継手の構築に用いることもできると共に、
既設の構造物への仮締切り又は山留壁の接続部に対して
も適用できる。Further, instead of the waterproof rubber 8 interposed between the barrier plates 6 and 6, an elastic material of a two-liquid type urethane resin may be directly filled. Furthermore, the joint construction method of the present invention can be used not only for the temporary cut-off construction method but also for construction of expansion joints in underground continuous walls,
It can also be applied to temporary cut-offs to existing structures or to connection parts of mountain retaining walls.
【００１４】尚、本発明は、本発明の精神を逸脱しない
限り種々の改変を為すことができ、そして、本発明が該
改変されたものに及ぶことは当然である。The present invention can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and it goes without saying that the present invention extends to such modifications.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の効果】本発明は上記一実施例にて詳述せる如
く、左右隣接の鋼管矢板又は鋼矢板は係合片にて相互に
係合されていると共に該係合片の遊隙内に弾性材が充填
されており、更に、左右の堰板は中詰めコンクリート又
は中詰め土砂の側圧にて案内板に密着しているから、充
分なる止水効果が得られると共に仮締切り（山留め）の
法線方向への変位にも対応可能となり、更に、既設の構
造物との接続部に本発明を適用した場合は、変位に対す
る荷重伝達を遮断できることは当然であり、各変位に対
する追随性が確保されて仮締切り構造物が破壊されるよ
うなことはなくなり、作業性も良好である等、正に諸種
の効果を奏する発明である。As described in detail in the above one embodiment of the present invention, the left and right adjacent steel pipe sheet piles or steel sheet piles are engaged with each other by the engaging pieces and in the clearance of the engaging pieces. It is filled with elastic material, and the weir plates on the left and right are in close contact with the guide plate by the lateral pressure of the filled concrete or the filled sand, so a sufficient water blocking effect can be obtained and the temporary cutoff (mounting) It is also possible to deal with displacement in the normal direction, and when the present invention is applied to the connection part with an existing structure, it is natural that load transmission for displacement can be blocked, and followability for each displacement is secured. It is an invention that does not destroy the temporary cut-off structure and has good workability.
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示し、全体の一部切欠平面
図。FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】左右隣接の鋼管矢板間の係合片並びに案内板を
示す一部切欠平面図。FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway plan view showing an engagement piece between adjacent steel pipe sheet piles and a guide plate.
【図３】左右隣接の鋼管矢板に固設した案内板を示す一
部切欠正面図。FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway front view showing guide plates fixedly attached to right and left adjacent steel pipe sheet piles.
【図４】継手本体の一部切欠斜面図。FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a joint body.
１ 鋼管矢板 ２，２ａ 係合片 ３ 弾性材 ４ 案内板 ６ 堰板 ８ 止水ゴム １２ 中詰めコンクリート Ｐ 継手設置位置 Ｓ 遊隙部 1 Steel Pipe Sheet Pile 2, 2a Engagement Piece 3 Elastic Material 4 Guide Plate 6 Weir Plate 8 Water-Proof Rubber 12 Filled Concrete P Joint Installation Position S Play Space
Claims (1)
距離を有して打設され、更に、該前後の鋼管矢板又は鋼
矢板によって形成される空間部に中詰めコンクリート又
は中詰め土砂を充填して成る矢板仮締切り工法に於い
て、継手設置位置に打設された鋼管矢板又は鋼矢板は、
その左右隣接部にて遊隙を有して相互に係合される係合
片の該遊隙内に弾性材を充填し、更に、該継手位置の前
記鋼管矢板又は鋼矢板には夫々前後方向に案内板が相互
に対峙して固設されており、この案内板に案内されて挿
入される左右対峙して設けられた堰板間に止水ゴムを介
装し、且つ、該堰板は夫々の堰板の外側面に充填される
前記中詰めコンクリートにて前記案内板に密着せしめら
れることを特徴とする矢板仮締切り工法に於ける継手工
法。1. Steel pipe sheet piles or steel sheet piles are placed in front and rear two rows with a certain distance, and further, the space portion formed by the front and rear steel pipe sheet piles or steel sheet piles is filled with concrete or filled earth and sand. In the sheet pile temporary cutoff method that is filled with, the steel pipe sheet pile or the steel sheet pile placed at the joint installation position is
Elastic material is filled in the clearances of the engaging pieces that are engaged with each other with a clearance at the left and right adjacent portions, and further, the steel pipe sheet pile or the steel sheet pile at the joint position has a front-back direction, respectively. Guide plates are fixed to face each other, and a waterproof rubber is interposed between the weir plates provided facing each other and inserted by being guided by the guide plates. A joint construction method in a sheet pile temporary cut-off construction method, characterized in that the guide boards are closely contacted with the filling concrete filled on the outer side surface of each barrier plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17185693A JP2860228B2 (en) | 1993-07-12 | 1993-07-12 | Jointing method in sheet pile temporary closing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17185693A JP2860228B2 (en) | 1993-07-12 | 1993-07-12 | Jointing method in sheet pile temporary closing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0726564A true JPH0726564A (en) | 1995-01-27 |
| JP2860228B2 JP2860228B2 (en) | 1999-02-24 |
Family
ID=15931056
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17185693A Expired - Fee Related JP2860228B2 (en) | 1993-07-12 | 1993-07-12 | Jointing method in sheet pile temporary closing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2860228B2 (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101012916B1 (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2011-02-08 | 위성배 | The Device of installing the column pile of sheet pile unit |
| CN102720203A (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2012-10-10 | 中交第一航务工程局有限公司 | Water stopping structure of man-made island steel cylinder cofferdam |
| CN104196044A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2014-12-10 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Cofferdam construction method combining impact drilling limiting hole forming and groove milling with steel sheet piles |
| CN106088120A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-11-09 | 中铁上海工程局集团有限公司 | Construction method is transferred in a kind of cofferdam |
| CN106337433A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-18 | 中铁十九局集团矿业投资有限公司 | Construction method and device on basis of sandy stratums prone to liquefaction under vibration |
| CN109162288A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2019-01-08 | 中交路桥北方工程有限公司 | Latch type steel pipe pile cofferdam construction device and construction method |
| CN112459093A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-09 | 中铁二十局集团第三工程有限公司 | Steel sheet pile, steel sheet pile cofferdam and construction method of steel sheet pile cofferdam |
-
1993
- 1993-07-12 JP JP17185693A patent/JP2860228B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101012916B1 (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2011-02-08 | 위성배 | The Device of installing the column pile of sheet pile unit |
| CN102720203A (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2012-10-10 | 中交第一航务工程局有限公司 | Water stopping structure of man-made island steel cylinder cofferdam |
| CN104196044A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2014-12-10 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Cofferdam construction method combining impact drilling limiting hole forming and groove milling with steel sheet piles |
| CN106088120A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-11-09 | 中铁上海工程局集团有限公司 | Construction method is transferred in a kind of cofferdam |
| CN106337433A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-18 | 中铁十九局集团矿业投资有限公司 | Construction method and device on basis of sandy stratums prone to liquefaction under vibration |
| CN109162288A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2019-01-08 | 中交路桥北方工程有限公司 | Latch type steel pipe pile cofferdam construction device and construction method |
| CN109162288B (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2024-05-24 | 中交路桥北方工程有限公司 | Lock catch type steel pipe pile cofferdam construction device and construction method |
| CN112459093A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-09 | 中铁二十局集团第三工程有限公司 | Steel sheet pile, steel sheet pile cofferdam and construction method of steel sheet pile cofferdam |
| CN112459093B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-05-20 | 中铁二十局集团第三工程有限公司 | Steel sheet pile, steel sheet pile cofferdam and construction method of steel sheet pile cofferdam |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2860228B2 (en) | 1999-02-24 |
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