JPH07164162A - Electrode for resistance welding - Google Patents
Electrode for resistance weldingInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07164162A JPH07164162A JP23721294A JP23721294A JPH07164162A JP H07164162 A JPH07164162 A JP H07164162A JP 23721294 A JP23721294 A JP 23721294A JP 23721294 A JP23721294 A JP 23721294A JP H07164162 A JPH07164162 A JP H07164162A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- resistance welding
- base material
- electrode base
- conductivity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- Resistance Welding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、アルミニウム、マグネ
シウムまたはその合金等からなる金属板の溶接に好適に
用いられる抵抗溶接用電極に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a resistance welding electrode suitable for welding a metal plate made of aluminum, magnesium or an alloy thereof.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】金属板を溶接するときに、溶接装置に相
対向して備えられた一対の電極間に前記金属板の溶接し
ようとする部分を重ね合わせて挿入し、該部分に前記電
極を圧接した状態で電力を供給して、前記金属板の抵抗
により該部分を発熱させて溶着する抵抗溶接法が知られ
ている。従来、アルミニウム、マグネシウムまたはその
合金等からなる金属板のように比較的柔らかい材料の抵
抗溶接に使用する電極は、被溶接部材（金属板）の溶接
部位の周囲に変形及びクラックを生じないように、先端
部を凸状球面に成形したものが使用されている。2. Description of the Related Art When welding a metal plate, a portion of the metal plate to be welded is superposed and inserted between a pair of electrodes provided facing each other in a welding device, and the electrode is attached to the portion. A resistance welding method is known in which electric power is supplied in a pressure-contacted state to heat the portion by the resistance of the metal plate and to weld the portion. Conventionally, an electrode used for resistance welding of a relatively soft material such as a metal plate made of aluminum, magnesium or an alloy thereof should be prevented from being deformed or cracked around the welded part of the member to be welded (metal plate). The one whose tip is molded into a convex spherical surface is used.
【０００３】しかしながら、前記従来の電極を用いてア
ルミニウム、マグネシウムまたはその合金等からなる金
属板の抵抗溶接を行うと、電極が部分的に過熱し、この
部分に溶融した前記金属板が融着したり、逆に電極が欠
損したりして、長期間連続して使用することが難しいと
の不都合がある。However, when resistance welding of a metal plate made of aluminum, magnesium or an alloy thereof is performed using the conventional electrode, the electrode is partially overheated and the molten metal plate is fused to this part. Or, conversely, the electrodes are damaged, which makes it difficult to use the electrodes continuously for a long period of time.
【０００４】前記従来の電極を用いて前記アルミニウ
ム、マグネシウムまたはその合金等からなる金属板の溶
接を行う際に前記不都合が生じる理由として、前記金属
板表面の酸化被膜の存在が考えられている。前記酸化被
膜は、前記金属板の表面が空気中で自然に酸化されて生
じる不均一な被膜であり、絶縁体として作用する。The existence of an oxide film on the surface of the metal plate is considered as a reason for causing the inconvenience when welding the metal plate made of aluminum, magnesium or an alloy thereof using the conventional electrode. The oxide film is a non-uniform film formed by naturally oxidizing the surface of the metal plate in the air and acts as an insulator.
【０００５】前記不都合の原因が前記酸化被膜にあると
する説によれば、このような酸化被膜が形成された前記
金属板に前記電極を圧接すると、前記不均一な酸化被膜
の薄い部分など脆弱になっている部分に前記電極の加圧
力により亀裂が生じ、この部分から溶接電流が前記金属
板に供給されるため、前記亀裂に溶接電流が集中してこ
の部分が過熱するものと考えられる。According to the theory that the cause of the inconvenience lies in the oxide film, when the electrode is pressed against the metal plate on which the oxide film is formed, the nonuniform oxide film is fragile. It is considered that a crack is generated in the portion marked by the pressure of the electrode, and the welding current is supplied to the metal plate from this portion, so that the welding current is concentrated in the crack and the portion is overheated.
【０００６】そこで、抵抗溶接用電極の前記被溶接部材
に当接する面の形状を加工して、前記酸化被膜を破壊で
きるようにした電極が提案されている。例えば、特開昭
５８−１５９９８６号公報には、電極の被溶接部材に当
接する面に断面形状が三角形または台形の溝を、平面視
で複数の環状溝からなる同心円状または螺旋状に形成し
た抵抗溶接用電極が提案されている。前記公報記載の電
極では溝と溝とに挟まれた部分の頂部が鋭角になった平
面視環状または螺旋状の稜部を形成している。また、本
発明者らにより、電極の先端部に互いに独立でその先端
が基部より細くなっている複数の突起が形成されている
抵抗溶接用電極が既に提案されている（特開平４−３３
９５７３号公報及び特開平５−９２２７５号公報参
照）。Therefore, an electrode has been proposed in which the shape of the surface of the resistance welding electrode in contact with the member to be welded is processed so that the oxide film can be destroyed. For example, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 58-159986, a groove having a triangular or trapezoidal cross section is formed on a surface of an electrode that abuts a member to be welded in a concentric or spiral shape including a plurality of annular grooves in a plan view. Resistance welding electrodes have been proposed. In the electrode described in the above publication, the top portion of the portion sandwiched between the grooves forms an annular or spiral ridge in plan view with an acute angle. In addition, the present inventors have already proposed a resistance welding electrode in which a plurality of protrusions are formed at the tip of the electrode independently of each other and whose tip is thinner than the base (JP-A-4-33).
9573 and JP-A-5-92275).
【０００７】このような抵抗溶接用電極によれば、電極
を溶接のために前記金属板に圧接すると、該電極が当接
する部分全体で前記酸化被膜が破壊され、該電極が広い
範囲で前記金属板の未酸化部分に直接接触することがで
き、この接触部分から電流が供給されることにより、電
流の局部的集中がなくなるので、前記過熱を避けること
ができる。According to such a resistance welding electrode, when the electrode is pressed against the metal plate for welding, the oxide film is destroyed in the entire portion where the electrode abuts, so that the metal is spread over a wide range. It is possible to directly contact the unoxidized part of the plate, and by supplying the electric current from this contact part, the local concentration of the electric current is eliminated, so that the above-mentioned overheating can be avoided.
【０００８】しかしながら、前記各公報に開示された抵
抗溶接用電極を用いると、溶接部位に電極先端の形状が
転写されて、溶接痕（ツールマーク）が形成され、外観
品質が損なわれる上、この部分に応力集中が起き易く突
発破壊や疲労破壊の原因になる虞れがあるという不都合
がある。さらに、溶接した後にメッキ、塗装等を行う場
合には、前記ツールマークが形成された部分では該ツー
ルマークによる凹凸のためにメッキ、塗装等が不均一に
なり易いという不都合がある。However, when the resistance welding electrode disclosed in each of the above publications is used, the shape of the electrode tip is transferred to the welding site to form a welding mark (tool mark), which impairs the appearance quality. There is an inconvenience that stress concentration is likely to occur in a portion, which may cause sudden fracture or fatigue fracture. Further, when plating, painting, etc. are performed after welding, there is a disadvantage that the portion where the tool mark is formed tends to be uneven due to unevenness due to the tool mark.
【０００９】また、特開平１−６２２８７号公報、特開
平３−２３０８７２号公報等には、電極先端部の電極が
損傷を受けやすい部分にセラミックス、Ｗ、Ｍｏ等の電
極母材より導電率の低い材料を露出させて設けてなる抵
抗溶接用電極が開示されている。前記各公報に記載され
た抵抗溶接用電極は前記電極母材より導電率の低い材料
により損傷を受けやすい部分を保護することにより該電
極の寿命の延長を図るものである。Further, in JP-A-1-62287, JP-A-3-230872, etc., a portion of the tip of the electrode where the electrode is apt to be damaged has a higher conductivity than the electrode base material such as ceramics, W or Mo. An electrode for resistance welding is disclosed which is provided by exposing a low material. The resistance welding electrode described in each of the above publications is intended to extend the life of the electrode by protecting a portion easily damaged by a material having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material.
【００１０】しかしながら、特開平１−６２２８７号公
報記載の抵抗溶接用電極は亜鉛メッキ鋼板の抵抗溶接に
用いられる場合において、また特開平３−２３０８７２
号公報記載の抵抗溶接用電極は亜鉛メッキ鋼板のプロジ
ェクション溶接に用いられる場合において共に予知しう
る特定の損傷を受けやすい部分に前記電極母材より導電
率の低い材料を露出させるものであって、前記アルミニ
ウム、マグネシウムまたはその合金等からなる金属板表
面の不均一な酸化被膜の脆弱部分のような不特定の部分
に生じる過熱による損傷を防止することは困難であると
いう不都合がある。However, the resistance welding electrode described in JP-A-1-62287 is used in resistance welding of a galvanized steel sheet, and also in JP-A-3-230872.
The resistance welding electrode described in Japanese Patent Publication exposes a material having a lower electrical conductivity than the electrode base material in a portion susceptible to specific damage that can be predicted together when used for projection welding of a galvanized steel sheet, There is a disadvantage that it is difficult to prevent damage due to overheating that occurs in an unspecified portion such as a fragile portion of a nonuniform oxide film on the surface of a metal plate made of aluminum, magnesium or an alloy thereof.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、かかる不都
合を解消して、アルミニウム、マグネシウムまたはその
合金等からなる金属板の抵抗溶接において、欠損したり
前記金属板が融着したりすることなく長期間連続して使
用することができると共に、前記金属板の溶接部分に優
れた外観品質を付与することができる抵抗溶接用電極を
提供することを目的とする。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves this inconvenience, and in resistance welding of a metal plate made of aluminum, magnesium or an alloy thereof, without causing damage or fusion of the metal plate. It is an object of the present invention to provide a resistance welding electrode which can be continuously used for a long period of time and can impart excellent appearance quality to a welded portion of the metal plate.
【００１２】[0012]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の抵抗溶接電極
は、前記目的を達成するために、金属に電流を供給して
溶接する抵抗溶接に用いる電極において、銅または銅合
金からなる電極母材と該電極母材先端部表面に遍在して
露出するように配設された該電極母材より導電率の低い
材料とからなり、該電極母材より導電率の低い材料の露
出部分の合計面積が該電極の先端部表面の面積の４０〜
８２％の範囲になるように構成してなることを特徴とす
る。In order to achieve the above object, the resistance welding electrode of the present invention is an electrode used for resistance welding in which an electric current is supplied to a metal to weld the electrode base material made of copper or copper alloy. And a material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material and arranged so as to be ubiquitously exposed on the surface of the tip of the electrode base material, and the total of exposed portions of the material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material. The area is 40 to the area of the tip surface of the electrode.
It is characterized in that it is configured to be in the range of 82%.
【００１３】前記電極母材より導電率の低い材料の露出
部分は、前記電極先端部の表面に遍在して露出するよう
に配設するために、前記電極母材を囲繞して、囲繞され
た電極母材の各部分が互いに独立になるように配設され
るか、或は前記電極母材より導電率の低い材料が線状材
料、繊維状材料または粒子状材料であって、前記電極内
部に分散されて、該電極の先端部表面の多数箇所に島状
に露出するように配設される。The exposed portion of the material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material is surrounded by the electrode base material so as to be disposed so as to be ubiquitously exposed on the surface of the electrode tip portion. The respective parts of the electrode base material are arranged so as to be independent of each other, or the material whose conductivity is lower than that of the electrode base material is a linear material, a fibrous material or a particulate material, It is dispersed inside and is arranged so as to be exposed in an island shape at a number of points on the surface of the tip of the electrode.
【００１４】前記電極母材より導電率の低い材料は、窒
化珪素、カオリナイト等のマイカ系セラミックス、アル
ミナから選ばれる１種、前記電極母材より導電率の低い
非金属性無機物質または金属が用いられる。The material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material is one selected from mica ceramics such as silicon nitride and kaolinite, and alumina, and a non-metallic inorganic substance or metal having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material. Used.
【００１５】前記非金属性無機物質としてはＣ、Ｓｉ
Ｃ、ＴｉＣ、ＴｉＮ、ＴｉＢ2 、ＴｉＯ2 から選ばれる
１種が用いられ、前記金属としてはＴｉ、Ｆｅ（鋼、ス
テンレスを含む）、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｒ、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ合
金、Ｎｂ、Ｍｏ、前記電極母材より電導率の低いＣｒ−
Ｃｕ合金から選ばれる１種が用いられる。The non-metallic inorganic substance may be C or Si.
One kind selected from C, TiC, TiN, TiB 2 , and TiO 2 is used, and as the metal, Ti, Fe (including steel and stainless steel), Co, Ni, Cr, Ni—Cr alloy, Nb, Mo, Cr- having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material
One kind selected from Cu alloys is used.
【００１６】本発明の抵抗溶接用電極は、前記抵抗溶接
を直流電流により行うときには前記抵抗溶接用電極が直
流の陽極側電極を構成し、交流電流により行うときには
前記抵抗溶接用電極が交流の両方の電極を構成する。In the resistance welding electrode of the present invention, when the resistance welding is performed by a direct current, the resistance welding electrode constitutes a direct current anode side electrode, and when the resistance welding is performed by an alternating current, both the resistance welding electrode is an alternating current. The electrodes of.
【００１７】[0017]
【作用】本発明の抵抗溶接用電極によれば、電極母材と
該電極母材より導電率の低い材料とから構成される電極
の先端部表面に前記電極母材より導電率の低い材料を露
出させて配設することにより、溶接電流は前記導電率の
低い材料を避けて電極母材の方に多く流れやすくなるの
でその主な通電経路が分散される。従って、このような
抵抗溶接用電極を上記アルミニウム、マグネシウムまた
はその合金等のような表面に酸化被膜を有する金属板に
圧接すると、該電極が当接する部分では電流が主として
供給される部位が分散され、局部的に集中することが避
けられる。According to the resistance welding electrode of the present invention, a material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material is formed on the tip surface of the electrode composed of the electrode base material and the material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material. When the welding current is disposed so as to be exposed, the welding current is more likely to flow to the electrode base material while avoiding the material having a low conductivity, so that the main energizing paths are dispersed. Therefore, when such a resistance welding electrode is pressure-welded to a metal plate having an oxide film on the surface such as aluminum, magnesium, or an alloy thereof, a portion to which current is mainly supplied is dispersed in a portion in contact with the electrode. , Avoiding local concentration.
【００１８】上記溶接電流による上記電極の発熱は、上
記電極母材よりも上記導電率の低い材料の方で大きくな
るが、該導電率の低い材料は前記電極の先端部表面に遍
在して露出されており、その露出部分の合計面積は該電
極の先端部表面の面積の４０〜８２％の範囲になるよう
に構成されているので、その発熱が広い範囲に分散さ
れ、電極先端部が局部的に過熱されることが避けられ
る。従って、抵抗溶接用電極と金属板とが融着すること
がなく、電極の損耗が避けられる。The heating of the electrode by the welding current is larger in the material having the lower conductivity than in the electrode base material, and the material having the lower conductivity is ubiquitous on the surface of the tip of the electrode. Since it is exposed and the total area of the exposed portion is configured to be in the range of 40 to 82% of the area of the tip surface of the electrode, the heat generation is dispersed in a wide range, and the tip of the electrode is Local overheating is avoided. Therefore, the resistance welding electrode and the metal plate are not fused to each other, and the electrode is prevented from being worn.
【００１９】また、上記溶接電流が上記酸化被膜の脆弱
な部分等に集中したとしても、上記電極の先端部表面に
は上記導電率の低い材料が露出しているので、該電流が
上記導電率の低い材料により分散される。この結果、上
記溶接電流の局部集中による発熱もまた分散され、抵抗
溶接用電極と金属板とが融着することを避けられる。Further, even if the welding current is concentrated on the fragile portion of the oxide film or the like, since the material having a low electric conductivity is exposed on the surface of the tip of the electrode, the electric current is absent from the electric conductivity. Dispersed by low material. As a result, the heat generated due to the local concentration of the welding current is also dispersed, and fusion between the resistance welding electrode and the metal plate can be avoided.
【００２０】前記導電率の低い材料の露出部分の合計面
積が前記電極の先端部表面の面積の４０％未満であると
きには、前記発熱を広範囲に分散する効果が十分に得ら
れない。また、８２％を超えるときには、電流が流れや
すい部分が相対的に低減されることになり、溶接電流が
過度に大きくなる。When the total area of the exposed portions of the low-conductivity material is less than 40% of the surface area of the tip portion of the electrode, the effect of dispersing the heat generation in a wide range cannot be sufficiently obtained. Further, when it exceeds 82%, the portion where the current easily flows is relatively reduced, and the welding current becomes excessively large.
【００２１】また、本発明の抵抗溶接用電極によれば、
前記電極母材より導電率の低い材料が前記電極先端部表
面に遍在して露出するように配設されることにより、該
電極先端部に凹凸を設けることなく溶接電流を分散する
ようになっているので、溶接に際して溶接痕が形成され
ることがなく、溶接部分に優れた外観品質が付与され
る。According to the resistance welding electrode of the present invention,
By disposing the material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material so as to be ubiquitously exposed on the surface of the electrode tip, the welding current can be dispersed without providing unevenness on the electrode tip. Therefore, welding marks are not formed during welding, and excellent appearance quality is given to the welded portion.
【００２２】前記電極母材より導電率の低い材料の露出
部分は、前記電極母材を囲繞して、囲繞された電極母材
の各部分が互いに独立になるように配設されるか、或は
前記電極母材より導電率の低い材料が線状材料、繊維状
材料または粒子状材料であって、前記電極内部に分散さ
れて、該電極の先端部表面の多数箇所に島状に露出する
ように配設されることにより、前記電極先端部表面に遍
在して露出される。The exposed portion of the material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material surrounds the electrode base material and is arranged so that the respective parts of the surrounded electrode base material are independent of each other, or Is a linear material, a fibrous material or a particulate material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material, is dispersed inside the electrode, and is exposed like islands at many points on the tip surface of the electrode. By being arranged in this manner, the electrodes are ubiquitously exposed on the surface of the electrode tip portion.
【００２３】前記電極母材より導電率の低い材料は、窒
化珪素、カオリナイト等のマイカ系セラミックス、アル
ミナから選ばれる１種であることにより、前記溶接電流
を分散させる作用が得られ易くなる。また、前記電極母
材より導電率の低い材料は非金属性無機物質または金属
であってもよく、このような電極母材より導電率の低い
材料によっても、前記溶接電流を分散させる作用が得ら
れる。Since the material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material is one selected from mica ceramics such as silicon nitride and kaolinite, and alumina, the action of dispersing the welding current can be easily obtained. Further, the material having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material may be a non-metallic inorganic substance or a metal, and even a material having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material has an effect of dispersing the welding current. To be
【００２４】ところで、電流は実際には電子の移動によ
る現象であり、電子がマイナスに荷電していることか
ら、電子の移動方向と反対の方向に流れるものと定義さ
れている。また、実際の物理的な仕事は電子により行わ
れることから、前記抵抗溶接の際の電極の過熱は、電子
の受入れ側となる陽極側で著しい。そこで、本発明の抵
抗溶接用電極は、前記抵抗溶接を直流電流により行うと
きには前記抵抗溶接用電極が直流の陽極側電極を構成す
ることにより、前記電極母材の過熱を低減する上で有利
になる。また、本発明の抵抗溶接用電極は、前記抵抗溶
接を交流電流により行うときには前記抵抗溶接用電極を
交流の両方の電極を構成することにより、どちらの電極
が陽極側になったときにも前記電極母材の過熱が低減さ
れる。By the way, the current is actually a phenomenon due to the movement of electrons, and since electrons are negatively charged, it is defined as flowing in the direction opposite to the electron moving direction. Further, since the actual physical work is performed by electrons, the overheating of the electrode during the resistance welding is remarkable on the anode side which is the electron receiving side. Therefore, the resistance welding electrode of the present invention is advantageous in reducing overheating of the electrode base material by forming the resistance welding electrode as a DC anode electrode when the resistance welding is performed by a direct current. Become. Further, the resistance welding electrode of the present invention, when the resistance welding is performed by an alternating current, by configuring the resistance welding electrode as both alternating current electrodes, even when either electrode is on the anode side, Overheating of the electrode base material is reduced.
【００２５】[0025]
【実施例】次に、添付の図面を参照しながら本発明の抵
抗溶接用電極についてさらに詳しく説明する。図１は本
発明の抵抗溶接用電極の第１の実施例の構成を示す平面
図であり、図２は図１のＩＩ−ＩＩ線断面図である。ま
た、図３は本発明の抵抗溶接用電極の第２の実施例の構
成を示す平面図であり、図４は図３のＩＶ−ＩＶ線断面
図である。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The resistance welding electrode of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is a plan view showing the configuration of a first embodiment of a resistance welding electrode of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the configuration of the second embodiment of the resistance welding electrode of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG.
【００２６】次に、本発明の第１の実施例について説明
する。Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
【００２７】図１及び図２示のように、本実施例の抵抗
溶接用電極１は、Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金の電極母材２からなる
電極に電極母材より導電率の低い材料３を格子状に配設
することにより先端部４の表面に遍在させて露出させ、
電極母材２の複数の露出部分２ａを囲繞して、電極母材
２の各露出部分２ａ，２ａ，…が互いに独立になるよう
にした構成となっている。また、抵抗溶接用電極１で
は、電極母材より導電率の低い材料３の露出部分３ａの
合計面積は、抵抗溶接用電極１の先端部４の表面の面積
の４０〜８２％の範囲になるように構成されている。
尚、抵抗溶接用電極１は、図２示のように、他方の端部
から電極内部に冷却水用孔部５が形成されている。As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the resistance welding electrode 1 of this embodiment, a material 3 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material is grid-shaped on an electrode composed of an electrode base material 2 of a Cr--Cu alloy. By arranging it in such a manner that it is ubiquitously exposed on the surface of the tip portion 4,
A plurality of exposed portions 2a of the electrode base material 2 are surrounded so that the exposed portions 2a, 2a, ... Of the electrode base material 2 are independent of each other. Further, in the resistance welding electrode 1, the total area of the exposed portion 3a of the material 3 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material is in the range of 40 to 82% of the surface area of the tip 4 of the resistance welding electrode 1. Is configured.
As shown in FIG. 2, the resistance welding electrode 1 has a cooling water hole 5 formed inside the electrode from the other end.
【００２８】本実施例では、まず、電解銅粉（粒子径４
４μｍ以下、平均粒子径２０μｍ）９８．８重量％に金
属クロム粉（粒子径１０μｍ以下、平均粒子径３μｍ）
１．２重量％をよく混合し、焼成後の直径が１９ｍｍと
なるようにして、Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金からなる電極母材２を
製造した。次に、前記電極母材２を８０ｍｍの長さに切
断し、電極母材２の先端に機械加工により格子状の溝を
形成し、該溝に前記電極母材より導電率の低い材料３と
してマイカ系セラミックスであるカオリナイトを充填し
て、抵抗溶接用電極１を製造した。そして、抵抗溶接用
電極１を陽極側の電極とし、Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金のみからな
り、先端部表面に電極母材より導電率の低い材料３が露
出されていない従来の抵抗溶接用電極を陰極側の電極と
して、直流電流によりアルミニウム合金板（ＡＰ５０５
２材、厚さ２．５ｍｍ）の溶接を行った。溶接条件は、
加圧力８００ｋｇｆ、溶接電流は直流３８ｋＡで所要時
間は８サイクルであった。In this embodiment, first, electrolytic copper powder (particle size 4
4 μm or less, average particle diameter 20 μm) 98.8% by weight of metallic chromium powder (particle diameter 10 μm or less, average particle diameter 3 μm)
1.2 wt% was mixed well and the electrode base material 2 made of Cr—Cu alloy was manufactured so that the diameter after firing was 19 mm. Next, the electrode base material 2 is cut into a length of 80 mm, a grid-like groove is formed at the tip of the electrode base material 2 by machining, and a material 3 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material is formed in the groove. The electrode 1 for resistance welding was manufactured by filling kaolinite which is a mica-based ceramic. Then, the resistance welding electrode 1 is used as an electrode on the anode side, and the conventional resistance welding electrode, which is made of only Cr—Cu alloy and has a lower conductivity than the electrode base material, is not exposed on the tip surface, is used as the cathode side. The aluminum alloy plate (AP505
Welded two materials with a thickness of 2.5 mm). Welding conditions are
The applied pressure was 800 kgf, the welding current was 38 kA DC, and the required time was 8 cycles.
【００２９】本実施例では、図１示の電極母材２の露出
部分２ａの幅ｓ及び電極母材より導電率の低い材料３の
露出部分３ａの幅ｌを相互に変えて、電極母材より導電
率の低い材料３の露出部分３ａの合計面積が、抵抗溶接
用電極１の先端部４に占める電極母材２の各露出部分２
ａ，２ａ，…の合計面積の４０〜８２％の範囲になるよ
うに構成して前記溶接を行った。ｓ、ｌ、露出部分３ａ
の合計面積の抵抗溶接用電極１の先端部４に占める割合
及び溶接結果を下記表１に示す。In this embodiment, the width s of the exposed portion 2a of the electrode base material 2 and the width 1 of the exposed portion 3a of the material 3 having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material 2 shown in FIG. The total area of the exposed portions 3a of the material 3 having a lower electrical conductivity occupies the tip portion 4 of the resistance welding electrode 1 in each exposed portion 2 of the electrode base material 2.
The welding was performed in such a manner that the total area of a, 2a, ... Is in the range of 40 to 82%. s, l, exposed part 3a
Table 1 below shows the proportion of the total area of the above to the tip portion 4 of the resistance welding electrode 1 and the welding results.
【００３０】[0030]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００３１】表１から、本実施例の抵抗溶接用電極１
は、長期間連続して使用することができることが明らか
である。From Table 1, the resistance welding electrode 1 of this embodiment is shown.
It is clear that can be used continuously for a long period of time.
【００３２】次に、本発明の第２の実施例について説明
する。Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
【００３３】本実施例では、図１示の電極母材２として
Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金を用い、電極母材より導電率の低い材料
３に絶縁体として窒化珪素、マイカ系セラミックスとし
てのカオリナイト、アルミナ、電極母材２より導電率の
低い非金属性無機物質としてＳｉＣ、ＴｉＮ、Ｔｉ
Ｂ2 、電極母材２より導電率の低い金属としてＴｉ、ス
テンレス（ＳＵＳ３０４）、鋼（ＳＣＭ４２０）、Ｃ
ｏ、Ｎｉ（ｕ５２０）、焼結Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金をそれぞれ
用い、電極母材より導電率の低い材料３の露出部分３ａ
の合計面積が抵抗溶接用電極１の先端部４の面積の７０
％となるように構成して抵抗溶接用電極１を製造した。In this embodiment, a Cr--Cu alloy is used as the electrode base material 2 shown in FIG. 1, and silicon nitride is used as an insulator, kaolinite is used as a mica ceramic, and alumina is used as a material 3 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material. , SiC, TiN, Ti as the non-metallic inorganic substance having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material 2.
B 2 , Ti as a metal having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material 2, stainless steel (SUS304), steel (SCM420), C
o, Ni (u520), and a sintered Cr-Cu alloy, respectively, and the exposed portion 3a of the material 3 having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material.
Of the area of the tip 4 of the resistance welding electrode 1 is 70
The resistance welding electrode 1 was manufactured so that the resistance welding electrode 1 has a composition of 100%.
【００３４】そして、抵抗溶接用電極１を陽極側の電極
とし、Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金のみからなり、先端部表面に電極
母材より導電率の低い材料３が露出されていない従来の
抵抗溶接用電極を陰極側の電極として、直流電流により
アルミニウム合金板（Ａ５０５２ Ｏ材、厚さ２ｍｍ）
の溶接を行った。溶接条件は、加圧力７５０ｋｇｆ、溶
接電流は直流１８ｋＡで所要時間は８サイクルであっ
た。溶接結果を下記表２に示す。Then, the resistance welding electrode 1 is used as an anode electrode, and the conventional resistance welding electrode is made of only a Cr--Cu alloy, and the material 3 having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material is not exposed on the tip surface. Aluminum alloy plate (A5052 O material, thickness 2mm) by using DC as the electrode on the cathode side
Was welded. The welding conditions were a pressing force of 750 kgf, a welding current of 18 kA DC, and a required time of 8 cycles. The welding results are shown in Table 2 below.
【００３５】また、比較のために、Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金のみ
からなり、先端部表面に電極母材より導電率の低い材料
３が露出されていない従来の抵抗溶接用電極を陰陽両極
の電極としたときの抵抗溶接の結果を併せて下記表２に
示す。尚、この従来の抵抗溶接用電極を陰陽両極の電極
としたときには、溶接条件を、溶接電流直流３２ｋＡで
１５サイクルとしなければ、溶接を行うことができなか
った。For comparison, a conventional resistance welding electrode made of only a Cr--Cu alloy, in which the material 3 having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material is not exposed on the tip surface, is used as a positive and negative electrode. The results of resistance welding at that time are also shown in Table 2 below. When this conventional resistance welding electrode was an electrode of both positive and negative electrodes, welding could not be performed unless the welding condition was 15 cycles of welding current DC 32 kA.
【００３６】[0036]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００３７】表２において、連続打点数とはＢ級ナゲッ
ト径保証値５ｔ1/2 （ｔは被溶接材の厚さ）を満足し、
且つＡ級引張り剪断強度７５０ｋｇｆが連続して得られ
る打点数である。有効打点数とは前記連続打点数のう
ち、自動車産業及び航空機産業で適格とされるものであ
る。前記自動車産業で適格とされる有効打点は外観上問
題のないものである。航空機産業で適格とされる有効打
点は、外チリ、内チリ、打痕の焼けなどが全く認められ
ないものである。In Table 2, the continuous number of dots satisfies the Class B nugget diameter guaranteed value of 5t 1/2 (t is the thickness of the material to be welded),
Further, it is the number of hit points at which the class A tensile shear strength of 750 kgf is continuously obtained. The effective number of RBIs is the number of consecutive RMBs that is qualified in the automobile industry and the aircraft industry. The effective hit points that are qualified in the automobile industry have no problem in appearance. The valid hit points that are qualified in the aircraft industry are those with no external dust, internal dust, or scoring of dents.
【００３８】表２から、本実施例の抵抗溶接用電極１に
よれば、前記従来の抵抗溶接用電極に比較して格段に優
れた連続打点数及び有効打点数を得ることができ、寿命
が延長されて、長期間連続して使用することができるこ
とが明らかである。また、本実施例の抵抗溶接用電極１
では、図２示のように電極母材より導電率の低い材料３
を電極母材２と同一面上に遍在して露出させ、先端部４
が平面状に形成されているので、溶接部分に溶接痕が形
成されることがなく、優れた外観品質が得られた。From Table 2, according to the resistance welding electrode 1 of the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the number of continuous dots and the number of effective dots which are far superior to those of the conventional resistance welding electrode, and the life is shortened. It is clear that it can be extended and used continuously for a long period of time. In addition, the resistance welding electrode 1 of the present embodiment
Then, as shown in FIG. 2, a material 3 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material 3
Are ubiquitously exposed on the same surface as the electrode base material 2, and the tip 4
Since it was formed in a flat shape, no weld mark was formed in the welded portion and excellent appearance quality was obtained.
【００３９】尚、抵抗溶接用電極１では、有効打点数を
超えると優れた外観品質が得られにくくなるが、これは
先端部４にスケールが堆積するためと考えられる。抵抗
溶接用電極１は先端部４が前記のように平面状に形成さ
れているので、前記スケールをブラシ等で除去すること
により容易に溶接能力を回復させることができる。In the resistance welding electrode 1, it is difficult to obtain excellent appearance quality when the number of effective welding points is exceeded, but this is considered to be because the scale is deposited on the tip portion 4. Since the tip portion 4 of the resistance welding electrode 1 is formed in a flat shape as described above, the welding ability can be easily recovered by removing the scale with a brush or the like.
【００４０】また、前記第１及び第２の実施例では、前
記電極母材より導電率の低い材料３を充填する格子状の
溝を機械加工により形成しているが、これを同様の形状
に押出し成形により形成するようにしてもよい。Further, in the first and second embodiments, the grid-like grooves for filling the material 3 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material are formed by machining, but this is formed into a similar shape. It may be formed by extrusion molding.
【００４１】次に、本発明の第３の実施例について説明
する。Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
【００４２】図３及び図４示のように、本実施例の抵抗
溶接用電極１１は、Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金からなる電極母材１
２からなる電極に線状材料、繊維状材料または粒子状材
料からなる電極母材より導電率の低い材料１３が電極１
１内部に分散されて、先端部１４の表面に遍在して多数
箇所に島状に露出するように配設された構成となってい
る。また、抵抗溶接用電極１１では、電極母材より導電
率の低い材料１３の露出部分１３ａ，１３ａ，…の合計
面積は、先端部１４の面積の６０〜８０％の範囲になる
ように構成されている。尚、抵抗溶接用電極１１は、図
４示のように、他方の端部から電極内部に冷却水用孔部
１５が形成されている。As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the resistance welding electrode 11 of this embodiment is an electrode base material 1 made of a Cr--Cu alloy.
In the electrode made of 2, the material 13 having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material made of the linear material, the fibrous material or the particulate material is used as the electrode 1
It is configured to be dispersed in the inside of 1 and to be distributed ubiquitously on the surface of the tip portion 14 so as to be exposed in a number of places in an island shape. Further, in the resistance welding electrode 11, the total area of the exposed portions 13a, 13a, ... Of the material 13 having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material is configured to be in the range of 60 to 80% of the area of the tip portion 14. ing. As shown in FIG. 4, the resistance welding electrode 11 has a cooling water hole 15 formed inside the electrode from the other end.
【００４３】抵抗溶接用電極１１では、電極母材より導
電率の低い材料１３が線状材料であるときには、該線状
材料が電極１１の内部でその通電方向に延在するように
配向され、また、電極母材より導電率の低い材料１３が
繊維状材料であるときには、該繊維状材料が電極１１内
部ではその通電方向に配向され、先端部４近傍では電極
１１の軸方向を指向するように配向された構成となって
いる。In the resistance welding electrode 11, when the material 13 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material is a linear material, the linear material is oriented inside the electrode 11 so as to extend in the energizing direction, Further, when the material 13 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material is a fibrous material, the fibrous material is oriented in the energizing direction inside the electrode 11, and is oriented in the axial direction of the electrode 11 near the tip 4. The structure is oriented to.
【００４４】前記抵抗溶接用電極１１は、例えば、次の
様にして製造される。The resistance welding electrode 11 is manufactured, for example, as follows.
【００４５】第１に、電極母材より導電率の低い材料１
３が繊維状材料である場合について説明する。本実施例
で使用する繊維状材料は、カーボン繊維、アルミナ繊
維、ＳｉＣウィスカーであり、前記アルミナ繊維は絶縁
体、カーボン繊維及びＳｉＣウィスカーは非金属性無機
物質である。First, a material 1 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material 1
A case where 3 is a fibrous material will be described. The fibrous materials used in this example are carbon fibers, alumina fibers, and SiC whiskers, and the alumina fibers are insulators, and the carbon fibers and SiC whiskers are nonmetallic inorganic substances.
【００４６】まず、０．８Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金からなる粉末
（平均粒子径２０μｍ）に前記電極母材より導電率の低
い材料１３を前記０．８Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金粉末に対して６
０〜８０重量％の割合になるように添加して、直径２０
０ｍｍ、長さ６００ｍｍの円筒状のビュレットに仮成形
し、次いで前記ビュレットを１０００℃で焼結する。First, the powder 13 made of 0.8Cr--Cu alloy (average particle diameter 20 .mu.m) was mixed with the material 13 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material 6 with respect to the 0.8Cr--Cu alloy powder.
Add to the ratio of 0 to 80% by weight to obtain a diameter of 20
A cylindrical bullet having a length of 0 mm and a length of 600 mm is preliminarily molded, and then the bullet is sintered at 1000 ° C.
【００４７】次に、前記のように焼結されたビュレット
を熱間静水圧押出し機により、約８００℃、１５００〜
２５００ｔの押出し圧で押出し、直径２０ｍｍの電極材
料になるよう成形する。前記電極母材より導電率の低い
材料１３は、前記のように熱間押出しされることによ
り、前記ビュレット内で繊維状に加工されると共に高密
度化され、前記のように配向される。Next, the burette sintered as described above is heated at about 800 ° C. and 1500 to 500 ° C. by a hot isostatic extruder.
It is extruded at an extrusion pressure of 2500 tons and molded into an electrode material having a diameter of 20 mm. The material 13 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material is hot-extruded as described above to be processed into a fibrous shape and densified in the buret, and oriented as described above.
【００４８】次に、前記直径２０ｍｍになるように成形
された電極材料を長さ８０ｍｍに切断して、切断面に前
記電極母材より導電率の低い材料１３を露出させる。Next, the electrode material molded to have a diameter of 20 mm is cut into a length of 80 mm to expose the material 13 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material on the cut surface.
【００４９】次に、前記のように切断された電極材料の
電極母材より導電率の低い材料１３が露出している切断
面をＲ１５０の凸状球面に整形して電極１１の先端部１
４を形成すると共に、他方の端部から電極内部に直径１
６ｍｍ、水冷部の深さ６５ｍｍの冷却水用孔部５を形成
し、最終的な直径が１９ｍｍになるように加工して、図
３及び図４示の抵抗溶接用電極１１を得る。Next, the tip surface 1 of the electrode 11 is shaped by shaping the cut surface of the cut electrode material, which is exposed to the material 13 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material, into a convex spherical surface of R150.
No. 4 is formed, and the diameter 1 from the other end to the inside of the electrode
A cooling water hole 5 having a depth of 6 mm and a water cooling portion depth of 65 mm is formed and processed to have a final diameter of 19 mm to obtain a resistance welding electrode 11 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
【００５０】第２に、電極母材より導電率の低い材料１
３が粒子状材料である場合について説明する。本実施例
で使用する粒子状材料は、ＴｉＯ2 粒子（平均粒子径
０．２μｍ）、アルミナ粒子（平均粒子径３．０μ
ｍ）、ＴｉＣ粒子（平均粒子径１４．８μｍ）であり、
前記アルミナ粒子は絶縁体、ＴｉＯ2 粒子及びＴｉＣ粒
子は非金属性無機物質である。Secondly, a material 1 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material 1
A case where 3 is a particulate material will be described. The particulate material used in this example was TiO 2 particles (average particle size 0.2 μm), alumina particles (average particle size 3.0 μm).
m), TiC particles (average particle size 14.8 μm),
The alumina particles are insulators, and the TiO 2 particles and TiC particles are non-metallic inorganic substances.
【００５１】まず、０．８Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金からなる粉末
（平均粒子径２０μｍ）に前記電極母材より導電率の低
い材料１３を、電極１１の先端部１４を形成する部分に
のみ、前記０．８Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金粉末に対して６０〜８
０重量％の割合になるように添加して直径２４ｍｍの電
極材料になるように仮成形する。First, a powder of 0.8 Cr--Cu alloy (average particle diameter 20 μm) is charged with a material 13 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material, and the above-mentioned 0. 60-8 for 8Cr-Cu alloy powder
It is added so as to have a proportion of 0% by weight and is temporarily molded into an electrode material having a diameter of 24 mm.
【００５２】次に、前記電極材料を焼結し、すえ込み加
工したのち、さらに前記カーボン繊維等の場合と同様に
切断、成形加工して図３及び図４示の抵抗溶接用電極１
１を得る。Next, after the electrode material is sintered and swaged, it is further cut and formed in the same manner as in the case of the carbon fiber or the like, and the resistance welding electrode 1 shown in FIGS.
Get one.
【００５３】第３に、電極母材より導電率の低い材料１
３が線状材料（線材）である場合について説明する。本
実施例に使用する線材は、Ｃｒ線材（線径２ｍｍ）また
はＮｉ−Ｃｒ線材（線径２ｍｍ）である。Thirdly, the material 1 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material 1
A case where 3 is a linear material (wire material) will be described. The wire rod used in this example is a Cr wire rod (wire diameter 2 mm) or a Ni-Cr wire rod (wire diameter 2 mm).
【００５４】まず、０．５Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金からなる粉末
（平均粒子径２０μｍ）に前記電極母材より導電率の低
い材料１３を、電極１１の先端部１４を形成する部分に
のみ添加して加圧成形して直径２４ｍｍの電極材料にな
るように仮成形する。前記電極母材より導電率の低い材
料１３は前記０．８Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金粉末に対して６０〜
８０重量％の割合になるように添加する。前記電極母材
より導電率の低い材料１３の線材は、前記加圧成形によ
り、前記電極材料内部でその通電方向に延在するように
配向される。First, the powder 13 made of 0.5Cr--Cu alloy (average particle diameter 20 μm) is added with the material 13 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material only in the portion forming the tip portion 14 of the electrode 11. Temporary forming is performed by pressure forming into an electrode material having a diameter of 24 mm. The material 13 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material is 60 to 60 with respect to the 0.8Cr-Cu alloy powder.
It is added so as to have a ratio of 80% by weight. The wire rod made of the material 13 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material is oriented by the pressure molding so as to extend in the current-carrying direction inside the electrode material.
【００５５】次に、前記電極材料を焼結し、さらに前記
カーボン繊維等の場合と同様に切断、成形加工して図３
及び図４示の抵抗溶接用電極１１を得る。Next, the electrode material is sintered and further cut and molded in the same manner as in the case of the carbon fiber or the like, as shown in FIG.
And the electrode 11 for resistance welding shown in FIG. 4 is obtained.
【００５６】第４に、電極母材より導電率の低い材料１
３が粒子状材料であって、繊維状に加工される場合につ
いて説明する。本実施例に使用する粒子状材料は、Ｃｒ
粒子（平均粒子径５μｍ）、Ｎｂ粒子（平均粒子径５μ
ｍ）またはＭｏ粒子（平均粒子径５μｍ）である。Fourth, a material 1 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material 1
A case where 3 is a particulate material and is processed into a fibrous state will be described. The particulate material used in this example is Cr
Particles (average particle diameter 5 μm), Nb particles (average particle diameter 5 μm
m) or Mo particles (average particle diameter 5 μm).
【００５７】まず、０．５Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金からなる粉末
（平均粒子径２０μｍ）に前記電極母材より導電率の低
い材料１３を、電極７１の先端部２を形成する部分にの
み、前記０．５Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金粉末に対して６０〜８０
重量％の割合になるように添加して、直径４００ｍｍ、
長さ６００ｍｍの円筒状のビュレットに仮成形する。First, the powder 13 (average particle diameter 20 μm) made of 0.5 Cr—Cu alloy is filled with the material 13 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material, only in the portion where the tip portion 2 of the electrode 71 is formed. 60 to 80 for 5Cr-Cu alloy powder
400% in diameter, added so that the ratio of weight% becomes
Temporarily form a cylindrical buret with a length of 600 mm.
【００５８】次に、前記ビュレットを焼結したのち、線
引き加工し、直径２０ｍｍの電極材料になるよう成形す
る。前記電極母材より導電率の低い材料１３の粒子は、
前記線引き加工により、前記電極材料の内部で加工率９
５％程度まで線引きされ、繊維状に加工される。Next, the burette is sintered and then drawn to form an electrode material having a diameter of 20 mm. The particles of the material 13 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material are
By the wire drawing process, the processing rate is 9 inside the electrode material.
It is drawn up to about 5% and processed into fibrous form.
【００５９】次に、前記電極材料を前記カーボン繊維等
の場合と同様に切断、成形加工して図３及び図４示の抵
抗溶接用電極１１を得る。Next, the electrode material is cut and molded in the same manner as in the case of the carbon fiber or the like to obtain the resistance welding electrode 11 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
【００６０】次に、本実施例の抵抗溶接用電極１１を陽
極側の電極とし、Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金のみからなり、先端部
表面に電極母材より導電率の低い材料１３が露出されて
いない従来の抵抗溶接用電極を陰極側の電極として、直
流電流によりアルミニウム合金板（Ａ５０５２ Ｏ材、
厚さ２ｍｍ）の溶接を行った。溶接条件は、加圧力７５
０ｋｇｆ、溶接電流は直流１８ｋＡで所要時間は８サイ
クルであった。溶接結果を下記表３に示す。Next, the resistance welding electrode 11 of this embodiment is used as an electrode on the anode side, which is made of only a Cr--Cu alloy, and the material 13 having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material is not exposed on the tip surface. Of the aluminum alloy plate (A5052 O material,
Welding with a thickness of 2 mm was performed. Welding conditions are pressing force 75
The welding current was 0 kgf, the welding current was 18 kA, and the required time was 8 cycles. The welding results are shown in Table 3 below.
【００６１】また、比較のために、Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金のみ
からなり、先端部表面に電極母材より導電率の低い材料
３が露出されていない従来の抵抗溶接用電極を陰陽両極
の電極としたときの抵抗溶接の結果を併せて下記表３に
示す。尚、この従来の抵抗溶接用電極を陰陽両極の電極
としたときには、溶接条件を、溶接電流直流３２ｋＡで
１５サイクルとしなければ、溶接を行うことができなか
った。For comparison, a conventional resistance welding electrode made of only a Cr--Cu alloy, in which the material 3 having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material is not exposed on the tip surface, is used as a positive and negative electrode. The results of resistance welding at that time are also shown in Table 3 below. When this conventional resistance welding electrode was an electrode of both positive and negative electrodes, welding could not be performed unless the welding condition was 15 cycles of welding current DC 32 kA.
【００６２】[0062]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００６３】表３において、連続打点数及び有効打点数
の意味は表２の場合と全く同様である。表３から、本実
施例の抵抗溶接用電極１１によれば前記第２の実施例の
抵抗溶接用電極１に類似した作用が得られ、前記従来の
抵抗溶接用電極に比較して格段に優れた連続打点数及び
有効打点数を得ることができ、寿命が延長されて、長期
間連続して使用することができることが明らかである。
また、本実施例の抵抗溶接用電極１１では、図４示のよ
うに電極母材より導電率の低い材料１３を電極母材１２
と同一面上に露出させ、先端部１４が凸状球面に形成さ
れているので、溶接部分に溶接痕が形成されることがな
く、優れた外観品質が得られた。In Table 3, the meanings of the number of continuous hits and the number of effective hits are exactly the same as in Table 2. From Table 3, according to the resistance welding electrode 11 of the present embodiment, an action similar to that of the resistance welding electrode 1 of the second embodiment can be obtained, which is remarkably superior to the conventional resistance welding electrode. It is clear that it is possible to obtain a continuous number of hit points and an effective number of hit points, the life is extended, and it is possible to continuously use for a long time.
Further, in the resistance welding electrode 11 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the material 13 having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material is used as the electrode base material 12.
Since it was exposed on the same surface and the tip portion 14 was formed into a convex spherical surface, welding marks were not formed in the welded portion, and excellent appearance quality was obtained.
【００６４】次に、本発明の第４の実施例について説明
する。Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
【００６５】上記各実施例では本発明の抵抗溶接用電極
を陽極側の電極として直流電流により抵抗溶接を行う場
合についてのみ述べているが、本発明の抵抗溶接用電極
は交流電流により抵抗溶接を行う場合にも用いることが
できる。この場合には、交流電流の一対の電極の両方を
本発明の抵抗溶接用電極とする。In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, only the case where the resistance welding electrode of the present invention is used as the electrode on the anode side to perform resistance welding with a direct current, the resistance welding electrode of the present invention is used for resistance welding with an alternating current. It can also be used when performing. In this case, both the pair of electrodes for alternating current are the electrodes for resistance welding of the present invention.
【００６６】本実施例では、前記第２の実施例で用い
た、図１示の電極母材２としてＣｒ−Ｃｕ合金を用い、
電極母材より導電率の低い材料３に絶縁体として窒化珪
素、カオリナイト、アルミナ、電極母材２より導電率の
低い非金属性無機物質としてＴｉＢ2 、電極母材２より
導電率の低い金属として鋼、Ｎｉ、焼結Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金
をそれぞれ用い、電極母材より導電率の低い材料３の露
出部分３ａの合計面積が抵抗溶接用電極１の先端部４の
面積の７０％となるように構成した抵抗溶接用電極１
を、上記のように交流電流の両方の電極として、アルミ
ニウム合金板（Ａ５０５２ Ｏ材、厚さ２ｍｍ）の溶接
を行った。溶接条件は、加圧力７５０ｋｇｆ、溶接電流
は交流１８ｋＡで所要時間は８サイクルであった。溶接
結果を下記表４に示す。In this embodiment, a Cr--Cu alloy is used as the electrode base material 2 shown in FIG. 1 used in the second embodiment,
Silicon nitride, kaolinite, alumina as an insulator for the material 3 having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material, TiB 2 as a non-metallic inorganic substance having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material 2, and a metal having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material 2. As steel, Ni, and a sintered Cr-Cu alloy, respectively, and the total area of the exposed portion 3a of the material 3 having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material is 70% of the area of the tip 4 of the resistance welding electrode 1. Resistance welding electrode 1
As described above, an aluminum alloy plate (A5052 O material, thickness 2 mm) was welded as both electrodes for alternating current. The welding conditions were a pressing force of 750 kgf, a welding current of 18 kA AC, and a required time of 8 cycles. The welding results are shown in Table 4 below.
【００６７】また、比較のために、Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金のみ
からなり、先端部表面に電極母材より導電率の低い材料
３が露出されていない従来の抵抗溶接用電極を交流電流
の両方の電極としたときの抵抗溶接の結果を併せて下記
表４に示す。尚、この従来の抵抗溶接用電極を交流電流
の両方の電極としたときには、溶接条件を、溶接電流交
流３８ｋＡで１５サイクルとしなければ、溶接を行うこ
とができなかった。For comparison, a conventional resistance welding electrode made of only a Cr—Cu alloy and having a material 3 having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material is not exposed on the tip surface is used as an alternating current electrode. Table 4 below also shows the results of resistance welding. When this conventional resistance welding electrode was used as both electrodes of alternating current, welding could not be performed unless the welding conditions were welding current alternating current of 38 kA and 15 cycles.
【００６８】[0068]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００６９】表４において、連続打点数及び有効打点数
の意味は表２の場合と全く同様である。表４から、上記
のように第２の実施例の抵抗溶接用電極１を交流電流の
両方の電極として溶接を行うこと（本実施例）により、
上記従来の抵抗溶接用電極を交流電流の両方の電極とす
る場合に比較して格段に優れた連続打点数及び有効打点
数を得ることができ、寿命が延長されて、長期間連続し
て使用することができることが明らかである。In Table 4, the meanings of the number of continuous hits and the number of effective hits are exactly the same as those in Table 2. From Table 4, as described above, welding is performed by using the resistance welding electrode 1 of the second embodiment as both electrodes of alternating current (this embodiment),
Compared with the case where the conventional resistance welding electrode is used as both electrodes for alternating current, it is possible to obtain a markedly superior number of continuous dots and effective number of dots, the life is extended, and continuous use is performed for a long time. It is clear that you can.
【００７０】次に、上記第３の実施例で用いた、図３示
のＣｒ−Ｃｕ合金からなる電極母材１２に線状材料、繊
維状材料または粒子状材料からなる電極母材より導電率
の低い材料１３が分散されて、先端部１４の表面に遍在
して多数箇所に島状に露出するように配設された構成と
なっている抵抗溶接用電極１１を、上記のように交流電
流の両方の電極として、アルミニウム合金板（Ａ５０５
２ Ｏ材、厚さ２ｍｍ）の溶接を行った。上記電極母材
より導電率の低い材料１３としては、繊維状材料として
アルミナ繊維、粒子状材料としてアルミナ粒子、Ｃｒ粒
子、Ｍｏ粒子、線状材料としてＣｒ線材を用いた。溶接
条件は、加圧力７５０ｋｇｆ、溶接電流は交流１８ｋＡ
で所要時間は８サイクルであった。溶接結果を下記表５
に示す。Next, the electrode base material 12 made of the Cr--Cu alloy shown in FIG. 3 used in the third embodiment has a conductivity higher than that of the electrode base material made of a linear material, a fibrous material or a particulate material. The low resistance material 13 is dispersed, and the resistance welding electrode 11 is arranged so as to be ubiquitous on the surface of the tip portion 14 and exposed at a number of places in an island shape. Aluminum alloy plate (A505
2O material, thickness 2 mm) was welded. As the material 13 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material, alumina fiber was used as the fibrous material, alumina particles, Cr particles, Mo particles were used as the particulate material, and Cr wire was used as the linear material. Welding conditions include a pressing force of 750 kgf and a welding current of 18 kA AC.
The time required was 8 cycles. The welding results are shown in Table 5 below.
Shown in.
【００７１】また、比較のために、Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金のみ
からなり、先端部表面に電極母材より導電率の低い材料
１３が露出されていない従来の抵抗溶接用電極を交流電
流の両方の電極としたときの抵抗溶接の結果を併せて下
記表５に示す。尚、この従来の抵抗溶接用電極を交流電
流の両方の電極としたときには、溶接条件を、溶接電流
交流３８ｋＡで１５サイクルとしなければ、溶接を行う
ことができなかった。For comparison, a conventional resistance welding electrode made of only a Cr—Cu alloy and having a material 13 having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material is not exposed on the surface of the tip is used as an alternating current electrode. The results of the resistance welding are shown in Table 5 below. When this conventional resistance welding electrode was used as both electrodes of alternating current, welding could not be performed unless the welding conditions were welding current alternating current of 38 kA and 15 cycles.
【００７２】さらに、比較のために、上記Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合
金（０．８Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ）からなる電極母材１２に電極母
材より導電率の低い材料１３としてアルミナ繊維が分散
されて、先端部１４の表面に遍在して多数箇所に島状に
露出するように配設された構成となっている抵抗溶接用
電極１１を交流電流の一方の電極とし、上記従来の抵抗
溶接用電極を他方の電極としたときの抵抗溶接の結果を
併せて下記表５に示す。尚、このときには、溶接条件
を、溶接電流交流２６ｋＡで８サイクルとしなければ、
溶接を行うことができなかった。Further, for comparison, an alumina fiber is dispersed as a material 13 having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material 12 in the electrode base material 12 made of the Cr-Cu alloy (0.8Cr-Cu), and the tip portion 14 is formed. The resistance welding electrode 11 arranged so as to be ubiquitous on the surface of and is exposed at a number of islands is used as one electrode of an alternating current, and the conventional resistance welding electrode is used as the other electrode. The results of resistance welding when used as an electrode are also shown in Table 5 below. At this time, if the welding condition is 8 cycles with a welding current of AC of 26 kA,
Welding could not be done.
【００７３】[0073]
【表５】 [Table 5]
【００７４】表５において、連続打点数及び有効打点数
の意味は表２の場合と全く同様である。表５から、上記
のように第３の実施例の抵抗溶接用電極１１を交流電流
の両方の電極として溶接を行うこと（本実施例）によ
り、上記第２の実施例の抵抗溶接用電極１を交流電流の
両方の電極とする場合（第４の実施例）と類似した作用
が得られ、上記従来の抵抗溶接用電極を交流電流の両方
の電極とする場合に比較して格段に優れた連続打点数及
び有効打点数を得ることができ、寿命が延長されて、長
期間連続して使用することができることが明らかであ
る。In Table 5, the meanings of the number of continuous hits and the number of effective hits are exactly the same as in Table 2. From Table 5, as described above, the resistance welding electrode 11 of the third embodiment is welded as both electrodes of the alternating current (this embodiment) to perform the resistance welding electrode 1 of the second embodiment. Is similar to the case of using both electrodes for alternating current (fourth embodiment), and is significantly superior to the case of using the conventional resistance welding electrode for both electrodes of alternating current. It is clear that the number of continuous hits and the number of effective hits can be obtained, the life is extended, and it can be used continuously for a long time.
【００７５】また、上記のように第３の実施例の抵抗溶
接用電極１１（０．８Ｃｒ−Ｃｕ合金からなる電極母材
１２にアルミナ繊維を分散したもの）を交流電流の一方
の電極とし、上記従来の抵抗溶接用電極を他方の電極と
したときには、該抵抗溶接用電極１１を交流電流の両方
の電極とする場合（本実施例）に比較して、連続打点数
は６００から２５０に低下し、そのうち有効打点数は自
動車産業で１００から４０に、航空機産業用としては５
０から１５に低下する。これは、容易に想定されるよう
に、交流電流では電流の供給が両方の電極から交互に行
われるので、本実施例の抵抗溶接用電極１１が電子の受
入れ側になるときには良いが、従来の抵抗溶接用電極が
電子の受入れ側になるときには、該抵抗溶接用電極と金
属板との間で融着が生じるためである。As described above, the resistance welding electrode 11 of the third embodiment (the electrode base material 12 made of 0.8Cr--Cu alloy and alumina fibers dispersed therein) is used as one electrode of the alternating current, When the above-mentioned conventional resistance welding electrode is used as the other electrode, the number of continuous dots is reduced from 600 to 250 as compared with the case where the resistance welding electrode 11 is used as both electrodes of alternating current (this embodiment). However, the number of effective RBIs is 100 to 40 in the automobile industry and 5 for the aircraft industry.
It drops from 0 to 15. This is good when the resistance welding electrode 11 of the present embodiment is on the electron accepting side, since the current is alternately supplied from both electrodes with an alternating current, as is easily assumed. This is because when the resistance welding electrode is on the electron receiving side, fusion occurs between the resistance welding electrode and the metal plate.
【００７６】上記第３の実施例の抵抗溶接用電極１１を
交流電流の一方の電極とし、上記従来の抵抗溶接用電極
を他方の電極としたときには、上記従来の抵抗溶接用電
極を交流電流の両方の電極とする場合に比較して優れた
結果が得られるが、上記第３の実施例の抵抗溶接用電極
１１を交流電流の両方の電極とすることにより、飛躍的
に優れた結果を得ることができる。When the resistance welding electrode 11 of the third embodiment is used as one electrode for alternating current and the conventional resistance welding electrode is used as the other electrode, the conventional resistance welding electrode is used for alternating current. Excellent results are obtained as compared with the case of using both electrodes, but by using the resistance welding electrode 11 of the third embodiment as both electrodes of alternating current, a dramatically excellent result is obtained. be able to.
【００７７】尚、前記各実施例では電極母材としてＣｒ
−Ｃｕ合金を使用しているが、Ａｇ−Ｃｕ、Ｃｕ−Ｗ−
Ａｇ、Ｃｕ−Ｃｄ、Ｃｕ−Ｚｒ、Ｃｕ−Ｚｒ−Ｃｒ、Ｃ
ｕ−Ｎｂ、Ｃｕ−Ｃｒ−Ｎｂ、Ａｌ2 Ｏ3 −Ｃｕ等のＣ
ｕを含む他の合金であってもよく、単体のＣｕを用いて
もよい。In each of the above embodiments, Cr is used as the electrode base material.
-Although Cu alloy is used, Ag-Cu, Cu-W-
Ag, Cu-Cd, Cu-Zr, Cu-Zr-Cr, C
u-Nb, Cu-Cr- Nb, C , such as Al 2 O 3 -Cu
Other alloys containing u may be used, or Cu alone may be used.
【００７８】また、前記各実施例では本発明の抵抗溶接
用電極を陽極側の電極として直流電流により抵抗溶接を
行う場合についてのみ述べているが、本発明の抵抗溶接
用電極は交流電流により抵抗溶接を行う場合にも用いる
ことができ、この場合には一対の電極の両方を本発明の
抵抗溶接用電極とすることにより、該電極の過熱による
損耗を避けることができ、長期間連続して使用すること
ができると共に溶接部分に溶接痕が形成されることがな
く、優れた外観品質が得られる。Further, in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, only the case where the resistance welding electrode of the present invention is used as the anode electrode to perform resistance welding with a direct current, the resistance welding electrode of the present invention has a resistance with an alternating current. It can also be used in the case of performing welding, and in this case, by using both the pair of electrodes as the electrodes for resistance welding of the present invention, it is possible to avoid wear due to overheating of the electrodes, and continuously for a long period of time. It can be used and no weld mark is formed on the welded portion, and excellent appearance quality is obtained.
【００７９】[0079]
【発明の効果】以上のことから明らかなように、本発明
の抵抗溶接用電極によれば、電極母材からなる電極に電
極母材より導電率の低い材料を該電極先端部表面に遍在
して露出するように配設することにより、溶接電流を分
散することができ、前記溶接電流による発熱もまた前記
電極母材の周囲に分散することができる。このとき、前
記導電率の低い材料の露出部分の合計面積が該電極の先
端部の面積の４０〜８２％の範囲になるように構成され
ていることにより、前記発熱が広い範囲に分散されるの
で電極と金属板との融着等の損耗を避けることができ
る。As is apparent from the above, according to the resistance welding electrode of the present invention, a material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material is ubiquitously present on the electrode composed of the electrode base material. By disposing so as to be exposed, the welding current can be dispersed, and the heat generated by the welding current can also be dispersed around the electrode base material. At this time, since the total area of the exposed portions of the low-conductivity material is in the range of 40 to 82% of the area of the tip portion of the electrode, the heat generation is dispersed in a wide range. Therefore, it is possible to avoid wear such as fusion of the electrode and the metal plate.
【００８０】また、本発明の抵抗溶接用電極によれば、
前記のように導電率の低い材料を配設することにより、
電極先端部に凹凸を設けることなく前記溶接電流を分散
することができるので、溶接に際して溶接痕が形成され
ることがなく、溶接部分に優れた外観品質を付与するこ
とができる。According to the resistance welding electrode of the present invention,
By disposing a material with low conductivity as described above,
Since it is possible to disperse the welding current without providing irregularities on the tip of the electrode, welding marks are not formed during welding, and excellent appearance quality can be imparted to the welded portion.
【００８１】前記電極母材より導電率の低い材料の露出
部分は、前記電極母材を囲繞して、囲繞された電極母材
の各部分が互いに独立になるように配設されるか、或は
前記電極母材より導電率の低い材料が線状材料、繊維状
材料または粒子状材料であって、前記電極内部に分散さ
れて、該電極の先端部表面の多数箇所に島状に露出する
ように配設されることにより、前記電極先端部表面に遍
在して露出するように配設することができる。The exposed portion of the material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material surrounds the electrode base material and is arranged such that the respective parts of the surrounded electrode base material are independent of each other. Is a linear material, a fibrous material or a particulate material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material, is dispersed inside the electrode, and is exposed like islands at many points on the tip surface of the electrode. By arranging as described above, it is possible to dispose the electrodes so that they are ubiquitously exposed on the surface of the electrode tip portion.
【００８２】前記電極母材より導電率の低い材料は、窒
化珪素、マイカ系セラミックス、アルミナ、非金属性無
機物質または金属であることにより、前記溶接電流を分
散させる作用を得ることができる。The material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material is silicon nitride, mica-based ceramics, alumina, a non-metallic inorganic substance or a metal, whereby the action of dispersing the welding current can be obtained.
【００８３】また、本発明の抵抗溶接用電極は前記抵抗
溶接を直流電流により行うときには陽極側の電極とし、
交流電流により行うときには両方の電極とすることによ
り、前記電極母材の過熱を低減し、電極の損耗を避ける
上でより大きな効果を得ることができる。Further, the resistance welding electrode of the present invention is an electrode on the anode side when the resistance welding is performed by direct current,
When both electrodes are used when an alternating current is used, it is possible to obtain a greater effect in reducing overheating of the electrode base material and avoiding wear of the electrodes.
【図１】本発明の抵抗溶接用電極の第１の実施例の構成
を示す平面図。FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the configuration of a first embodiment of a resistance welding electrode of the present invention.
【図２】図１のＩＩ−ＩＩ線断面図。FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.
【図３】本発明の抵抗溶接用電極の第２の実施例の構成
を示す平面図。FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the configuration of a second embodiment of the resistance welding electrode of the present invention.
【図４】図３のＩＶ−ＩＶ線断面図。4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG.
１，１１…抵抗溶接用電極、 ２，１２…電極母材、
３，１３…電極母材より導電率の低い材料、 ４，１４
…先端部。1, 11 ... Electrode for resistance welding, 2, 12 ... Electrode base material,
3, 13 ... Material having lower conductivity than the electrode base material, 4, 14
... the tip.
Claims (9)
用いる電極において、 前記電極は銅または銅合金からなる電極母材と該電極母
材先端部表面に遍在して露出するように配設された該電
極母材より導電率の低い材料とからなり、該電極母材よ
り導電率の低い材料の露出部分の合計面積が該電極の先
端部表面の面積の４０〜８２％の範囲になるように構成
してなることを特徴とする抵抗溶接用電極。1. An electrode used for resistance welding, in which a current is supplied to a metal for welding, wherein the electrode is ubiquitously exposed on an electrode base material made of copper or a copper alloy and a front end surface of the electrode base material. It is made of a material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material, and the total area of exposed portions of the material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material is in the range of 40 to 82% of the surface area of the tip portion of the electrode. An electrode for resistance welding, characterized in that
部分が前記電極母材を囲繞して、囲繞された電極母材の
各部分が互いに独立になるように配設されてなることを
特徴とする請求項１記載の抵抗溶接用電極。2. An exposed portion of a material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material surrounds the electrode base material, and each portion of the surrounded electrode base material is arranged to be independent of each other. The resistance welding electrode according to claim 1.
材料、繊維状材料または粒子状材料であって、前記電極
内部に分散されて、該電極の先端部表面の多数箇所に島
状に露出するように配設されてなることを特徴とする請
求項１記載の抵抗溶接用電極。3. A material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material is a linear material, a fibrous material or a particulate material, dispersed in the electrode, and islands are formed at a large number of points on the tip surface of the electrode. The resistance welding electrode according to claim 1, wherein the resistance welding electrode is arranged so as to be exposed in a strip shape.
化珪素、マイカ系セラミックス、アルミナから選ばれる
１種であることを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項３のい
ずれかの項記載の抵抗溶接用電極。4. The material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material is one kind selected from silicon nitride, mica-based ceramics, and alumina, according to any one of claims 1 to 3. Resistance welding electrode.
金属性無機物質または金属からなることを特徴とする請
求項１乃至請求項３のいずれかの項記載の抵抗溶接用電
極。5. The resistance welding electrode according to claim 1, wherein the material having a conductivity lower than that of the electrode base material is a non-metallic inorganic substance or a metal.
ｉＣ、ＴｉＮ、ＴｉＢ2 、ＴｉＯ2から選ばれる１種で
あることを特徴とする請求項５記載の抵抗溶接用電極。6. The non-metallic inorganic material is C, SiC, T
The electrode for resistance welding according to claim 5, which is one kind selected from iC, TiN, TiB 2 , and TiO 2 .
ｒ、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ合金、Ｎｂ、Ｍｏ、前記電極母材より電
導率の低いＣｒ−Ｃｕ合金から選ばれる１種であること
を特徴とする請求項５記載の抵抗溶接用電極。7. The metal is Ti, Fe, Co, Ni, C
The resistance welding electrode according to claim 5, wherein the electrode is one selected from r, Ni-Cr alloy, Nb, Mo, and Cr-Cu alloy having a lower conductivity than the electrode base material.
前記抵抗溶接用電極が直流の陽極側電極を構成すること
を特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項７のいずれかの項記載
の抵抗溶接用電極。8. The resistance welding according to claim 1, wherein when the resistance welding is performed by a direct current, the resistance welding electrode forms a direct current anode side electrode. Electrodes.
前記抵抗溶接用電極が交流の両方の電極を構成すること
を特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項７のいずれかの記載の
抵抗溶接用電極。9. The resistance welding electrode according to claim 1, wherein when the resistance welding is performed by an alternating current, the resistance welding electrode constitutes both alternating current electrodes. electrode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23721294A JPH07164162A (en) | 1993-10-08 | 1994-09-30 | Electrode for resistance welding |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5-252965 | 1993-10-08 | ||
| JP25296593 | 1993-10-08 | ||
| JP23721294A JPH07164162A (en) | 1993-10-08 | 1994-09-30 | Electrode for resistance welding |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07164162A true JPH07164162A (en) | 1995-06-27 |
Family
ID=26533101
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23721294A Pending JPH07164162A (en) | 1993-10-08 | 1994-09-30 | Electrode for resistance welding |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07164162A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115476026A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-12-16 | 一汽-大众汽车有限公司 | Resistance spot welding method |
-
1994
- 1994-09-30 JP JP23721294A patent/JPH07164162A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115476026A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-12-16 | 一汽-大众汽车有限公司 | Resistance spot welding method |
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