JPH0677442U - Series-parallel switching circuit - Google Patents
Series-parallel switching circuitInfo
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Abstract
(57)【要約】
【目的】 本考案は、信頼性の高い直並列切換回路を提
供する。
【構成】 本考案は、２個の直流電源１，２を直列又は
並列に切り換えて、共通陽極端子３，共通陰極端子４間
に異なる出力電圧を得る直並列切換回路１０において、
２個の直流電源１，２の各陽極と共通陽極端子３との間
の一方に順方向に接続した第１のダイオードＤ1 と、２
個の直流電源１，２の各陰極と共通陰極端子４との間の
一方に順方向に接続した第２のダイオードＤ2 と、一方
の直流電源１の陰極と他方の直流電源２の陽極との間に
接続した所要数のＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴの並列回路からなる切
換素子５とを具備する。この構成により、並列，直列の
切り換え時においても出力電圧の電圧低下が無く、ま
た、雑音成分が混入することも無く、信頼性を高めるこ
とができる。
(57) [Summary] [Object] The present invention provides a highly reliable serial-parallel switching circuit. According to the present invention, in a series-parallel switching circuit 10 for switching two DC power sources 1 and 2 in series or in parallel to obtain different output voltages between a common anode terminal 3 and a common cathode terminal 4,
A first diode D1 connected in a forward direction between one of the anodes of the two DC power sources 1 and 2 and the common anode terminal 3;
A second diode D2 connected in a forward direction between each cathode of the individual DC power supplies 1 and 2 and the common cathode terminal 4, a cathode of one DC power supply 1 and an anode of the other DC power supply 2; The switching element 5 comprises a parallel circuit of a required number of MOS-FETs connected between them. With this configuration, there is no voltage drop of the output voltage even when switching between parallel and series, and no noise component is mixed in, so that reliability can be improved.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
本考案は、直並列切換回路に関し、さらに詳しくは、２個の直流電源を直列又 は並列に切り換えて異なる出力電圧を得る場合に用いて好適な直並列切換回路に 関する。 The present invention relates to a serial-parallel switching circuit, and more particularly to a serial-parallel switching circuit suitable for use when switching two DC power supplies in series or in parallel to obtain different output voltages.
【０００２】[0002]
この種の直並列切換回路の従来例を図６乃至図８を参照して説明する。 A conventional example of this type of serial / parallel switching circuit will be described with reference to FIGS.
【０００３】 図６に示す直並列切換回路２０は、２個の直流電源（出力電圧Ｖｉ）２１，２ ２を直列又は並列に切り換えて、共通陽極端子２３，共通陰極端子２４間に２Ｖ ｉ又はＶｉの異なる出力電圧を得るようになっている。The serial / parallel switching circuit 20 shown in FIG. 6 switches two DC power supplies (output voltage Vi) 21 and 22 in series or in parallel, and outputs 2V i or 2 between the common anode terminal 23 and the common cathode terminal 24. Different output voltages of Vi are obtained.
【０００４】 即ち、この直並列切換回路２０は、２個の直流電源２１，２２の陰極，陽極間 に接続した２回路２接点の接点部（接触抵抗＝ｒ（Ω））２５及びこの接点部２ ５を駆動する電磁駆動部２６からなる電磁接触器２７を具備し、電磁駆動部２６ により接点部２５を図６において上側に変位させたとき２個の直流電源２１，２ ２を並列接続状態に、電磁駆動部２６により接点部２５を図６において下側に変 位させたとき２個の直流電源２１，２２を直列接続状態にするようになっている 。That is, the serial / parallel switching circuit 20 includes a contact portion (contact resistance = r (Ω)) 25 of two circuits and two contact points connected between the cathode and the anode of the two DC power supplies 21 and 22, and this contact portion. An electromagnetic contactor 27 including an electromagnetic drive unit 26 that drives 25 is provided. When the contact unit 25 is displaced upward in FIG. 6 by the electromagnetic drive unit 26, two DC power sources 21 and 22 are connected in parallel. Further, when the contact portion 25 is displaced to the lower side in FIG. 6 by the electromagnetic drive portion 26, the two DC power sources 21 and 22 are connected in series.
【０００５】 尚、図６中、２８は逆接続保護ダイオードである。In FIG. 6, reference numeral 28 is a reverse connection protection diode.
【０００６】 この直並列切換回路２０の動作特性について考察すると、電磁接触器２７を動 作させて２個の直流電源２１，２２を直列接続状態としたときの電圧低下ΔＶS は、この時の出力電流をＩL とすると、図７に示すようにΔＶS ＝ｒ×ＩL とな り、電力損失ＰLSはＰLS＝ｒ×ＩL 2 となる。Considering the operating characteristics of the serial / parallel switching circuit 20, the voltage drop ΔVS when the electromagnetic contactor 27 is operated to connect the two DC power supplies 21 and 22 in series is the output at this time. When the current is IL, Ri Do a .DELTA.VS = r × IL as shown in FIG. 7, the power loss PLS becomes PLS = r × IL 2.
【０００７】 また、２個の直流電源２１，２２を並列接続状態としたときの電圧低下ΔＶP はこの時の出力電流をＩL とすると、図７に示すようにΔＶP ＝１／２・ｒ×Ｉ L となり、電力損失ＰLpは、この時の出力電流をＩL とすると、ＰLP＝１／２・ （ｒ×ＩL 2 ）となる。Further, the voltage drop ΔVP when the two DC power supplies 21 and 22 are connected in parallel is ΔVP = 1/2 · r × I as shown in FIG. 7 when the output current at this time is IL. When the output current at this time is IL, the power loss PLp becomes PLP = 1 / 2.multidot. (R × IL 2 ).
【０００８】 実際の電磁接触器２７の接触抵抗ｒは、最大で５０ｍΩ程度であるため、２個 の直流電源２１，２２を直列接続状態としたときの電力損失ＰLSは３１（Ｗ）程 度、並列接続状態としたときの電力損失ＰLSは１６（Ｗ）程度となる。Since the actual contact resistance r of the electromagnetic contactor 27 is about 50 mΩ at the maximum, the power loss PLS when the two DC power supplies 21 and 22 are connected in series is about 31 (W), The power loss PLS in the parallel connection state is about 16 (W).
【０００９】 また、電磁接触器２７における接点部２５は、並列接続から直列接続への切り 換え時及び直列接続から並列接続への切り換え時に各々図８に示すように瞬断状 態となり、出力電圧ＶO の瞬断時間ｔr は４０乃至５０ｍｓｅｃとなる。Further, the contact portion 25 of the electromagnetic contactor 27 is in a momentary interruption state as shown in FIG. 8 at the time of switching from parallel connection to series connection and at the time of switching from series connection to parallel connection. The instantaneous interruption time tr of VO is 40 to 50 msec.
【００１０】 このような瞬断時間ｔr を伴うため、直並列切換回路２０において出力電流Ｉ L を流したまま接点部２５の開閉動作を行うとアークが飛び、接点部２５を磨耗 させるとともに、出力電流ＩL に本来無用な雑音成分が混入してしまう。Since such a momentary interruption time tr is involved, when the opening / closing operation of the contact portion 25 is performed while the output current I L is flowing in the serial / parallel switching circuit 20, an arc is blown, the contact portion 25 is worn and the output is generated. An unnecessary noise component is mixed into the current IL.
【００１１】 他方、アークの発生を防止するためには、２個の直流電源２１，２２の出力電 圧を一旦遮断して電磁接触器２７を動作させるという複雑なシーケンス制御が必 要となる。On the other hand, in order to prevent the occurrence of an arc, it is necessary to perform a complicated sequence control in which the output voltage of the two DC power supplies 21 and 22 is once cut off and the electromagnetic contactor 27 is operated.
【００１２】[0012]
上述したように従来の直並列切換回路２０においては、電磁接触器２７の瞬断 に伴う出力電圧の不連続状態（電圧低下）が発生するという問題や出力電流ＩL に本来無用な雑音成分が混入するという問題、さらには電磁接触器２７の接点部 ２５の磨耗による信頼性の低下という問題があった。 As described above, in the conventional serial / parallel switching circuit 20, the problem that a discontinuous state (voltage drop) of the output voltage occurs due to the momentary interruption of the electromagnetic contactor 27, and an essentially unnecessary noise component is mixed in the output current IL. However, there is a problem that reliability is deteriorated due to wear of the contact portion 25 of the electromagnetic contactor 27.
【００１３】 さらに、上述した直並列切換回路２０に対して、例えば負荷として１２（Ｖ） 又は２４（Ｖ）のバッテリーＢを接続する場合には、このバッテリーＢの電圧を いちいちテスタ等で検出した後、前記電磁接触器２７を動作させ共通陽極端子２ ３，共通陰極端子２４間に１２（Ｖ）又は２４（Ｖ）の充電用の出力電圧を得な ければならず非常に煩雑であった。Further, when a battery B of 12 (V) or 24 (V) is connected as a load to the serial / parallel switching circuit 20 described above, the voltage of the battery B is detected by a tester or the like. After that, the electromagnetic contactor 27 was operated to obtain an output voltage for charging 12 (V) or 24 (V) between the common anode terminal 23 and the common cathode terminal 24, which was very complicated. .
【００１４】 そこで、本考案は、構成を改良し、切り換え時においても出力電圧の電圧低下 が無く雑音成分が混入することもなく信頼性の高い直並列切換回路を提供するこ とを目的とするものである。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a highly reliable serial-parallel switching circuit which has an improved structure and does not have a voltage drop of an output voltage even when switching and a noise component is not mixed. It is a thing.
【００１５】 また、本考案は、構成を改良し、負荷の電圧に応じて自動的に対応する出力電 圧を得ることができる直並列切換回路を提供することを目的とするものである。It is another object of the present invention to provide a serial / parallel switching circuit whose structure is improved and which can automatically obtain a corresponding output voltage according to a load voltage.
【００１６】[0016]
請求項１記載の考案は、２個の直流電源を直列又は並列に切り換えて、共通陽 極端子，共通陰極端子間に異なる出力電圧を得る直並列切換回路において、２個 の直流電源の各陽極と共通陽極端子との間の一方に順方向に接続した第１のダイ オードと、２個の直流電源の各陰極と共通陰極端子との間の一方に順方向に接続 した第２のダイオードと、一方の直流電源の陰極と他方の直流電源の陽極との間 に接続した所要数のＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴの並列回路からなる切換素子とを具備するも のである。 According to a first aspect of the present invention, in a series-parallel switching circuit in which two DC power supplies are switched in series or in parallel to obtain different output voltages between a common cathode terminal and a common cathode terminal, each anode of the two DC power supplies A first diode connected in a forward direction between the cathode and the common anode terminal, and a second diode connected in a forward direction between one of the cathodes of the two DC power supplies and the common cathode terminal. The switching element comprises a required number of parallel MOS-FET circuits connected between the cathode of one DC power source and the anode of the other DC power source.
【００１７】 請求項２記載の考案は、２個の直流電源を直列又は並列に切り換えて、共通陽 極端子，共通陰極端子間に異なる出力電圧を得る直並列切換回路において、２個 の直流電源の各陽極と共通陽極端子との間の一方に順方向に接続した第１のダイ オードと、２個の直流電源の各陰極と共通陰極端子との間の一方に順方向に接続 した第２のダイオードと、一方の直流電源の陰極と他方の直流電源の陽極との間 に接続した所要数のＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴの並列回路からなる切換素子と、前記第１又 は第２のダイオードの印加電圧を検出し前記切換素子のＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴのゲート を駆動する電圧検出回路とを具備し、前記共通陽極端子，共通陰極端子間に接続 する負荷の電圧に応じて変化する第１又は第２のダイオードの印加電圧の極性の 変化を前記電圧検出回路により検出し前記切換素子を制御して２個の直流電源を 負荷の電圧に応じて直列又は並列に接続するようにしたものである。According to a second aspect of the present invention, two DC power supplies are provided in a series-parallel switching circuit that switches two DC power supplies in series or in parallel to obtain different output voltages between the common positive electrode terminal and the common negative electrode terminal. The first diode connected in the forward direction between each of the anodes and the common anode terminal, and the second diode connected in the forward direction between the cathodes of the two DC power supplies and the common cathode terminal. And a switching element consisting of a parallel circuit of a required number of MOS-FETs connected between the cathode of one DC power supply and the anode of the other DC power supply, and the applied voltage to the first or second diode. And a voltage detection circuit for driving the gate of the MOS-FET of the switching element, the first or second diode changing according to the voltage of the load connected between the common anode terminal and the common cathode terminal. Of the applied voltage of Is detected by the voltage detection circuit and the switching element is controlled to connect two DC power sources in series or in parallel according to the voltage of the load.
【００１８】[0018]
上述した請求項１記載の直並列切換回路の作用を以下に説明する。 The operation of the serial / parallel switching circuit according to claim 1 will be described below.
【００１９】 この直並列切換回路の所要数のＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴの並列回路からなる切換素子が オフのとき、２個の直流電源のうちの一方の陽極は直接共通陽極端子に、また、 他方の陽極は順方向に接続した第１のダイオードを介して共通陽極端子に各々接 続される。When the switching element including the required number of MOS-FET parallel circuits of this series-parallel switching circuit is off, one anode of the two DC power supplies is directly connected to the common anode terminal and the other anode is connected to the other anode. Are respectively connected to the common anode terminal via the first diode connected in the forward direction.
【００２０】 また、２個の直流電源のうちの一方の陰極は順方向に接続した第２のダイオー ドを介して共通陰極端子に、他方の陰極は直接共通陰極端子に各々接続される。Further, one cathode of the two DC power supplies is connected to the common cathode terminal via the second diode connected in the forward direction, and the other cathode is directly connected to the common cathode terminal.
【００２１】 これにより２個の直流電源は並列接続の状態となって、この時の出力電力の損 失は、第１，第２のダイオードの順方向トロップ電圧に依存することになり、従 って、順方向トロップ電圧の小さいダイオードを用いることで並列接続時の出力 電力の損失を従来例よりも小さくできる。As a result, the two DC power supplies are connected in parallel, and the loss of the output power at this time depends on the forward trop voltage of the first and second diodes. Thus, by using a diode with a small forward trop voltage, the output power loss in parallel connection can be made smaller than in the conventional example.
【００２２】 次に、所要数のＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴの並列回路からなる切換素子がオンのとき、２ 個の直流電源における一方の直流電源の陰極と他方の直流電源の陽極との間は所 要数のＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴのオン抵抗を介して接続され２個の直流電源は直列接続の 状態となるが、この時の出力電力の損失は、所要数のＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴのオン抵抗 の並列接続値に依存することになる。従って、この場合にもＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴの個 数を適切に設定することで直列接続時の出力電力の損失を従来例よりも小さくで きる。Next, when the switching element composed of the required number of MOS-FET parallel circuits is turned on, the required number of elements is provided between the cathode of one of the two DC power supplies and the anode of the other DC power supply. The two DC power supplies are connected in series via the ON resistance of the MOS-FET of the above, and the output power loss at this time depends on the parallel connection value of the ON resistance of the required number of MOS-FETs. Will be done. Therefore, in this case as well, by appropriately setting the number of MOS-FETs, the loss of output power in series connection can be made smaller than in the conventional example.
【００２３】 さらに、この直並列切換回路によれば、並列から直列への切り換え、直列から 並列への切り換えを行う切換素子として所要数のＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴの並列回路を用 いているので、従来例のような回路の瞬断が無く、これにより切り換え時の電圧 低下を皆無とすることができる。さらに、電磁接触器を用いないので、雑音成分 の発生も無く信頼性を向上できる。Further, according to this serial-parallel switching circuit, since a required number of parallel circuits of MOS-FETs are used as switching elements for switching from parallel to series and from serial to parallel, it is possible to reduce There is no such instantaneous disconnection of the circuit, which can eliminate the voltage drop at the time of switching. Further, since no electromagnetic contactor is used, no noise component is generated and reliability can be improved.
【００２４】 請求項２記載の直並列切換回路においては、共通陽極端子，共通陰極端子間に 負荷が接続された場合、電圧検出回路は、前記第１又は第２のダイオードの印加 電圧を検出し、負荷の電圧に応じて前記切換素子を制御して２個の直流電源を直 列又は並列に接続する。この結果、共通陽極端子，共通陰極端子間に負荷を接続 するだけで、その負荷の電圧に応じて自動的に対応する出力電圧を得ることがで きる。In the serial-parallel switching circuit according to claim 2, when a load is connected between the common anode terminal and the common cathode terminal, the voltage detection circuit detects the voltage applied to the first or second diode. , Controlling the switching element according to the voltage of the load to connect the two DC power supplies in series or in parallel. As a result, simply by connecting a load between the common anode terminal and the common cathode terminal, it is possible to automatically obtain the corresponding output voltage according to the voltage of the load.
【００２５】[0025]
以下に、本考案の実施例を詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
【００２６】 図１に示す直並列切換回路１０は、２個の直流電源（出力電圧Ｖｉ）１，２を 直列又は並列に切り換えて、共通陽極端子３，共通陰極端子４間に異なる出力電 圧Ｖo を得るようになっている。The serial / parallel switching circuit 10 shown in FIG. 1 switches two DC power supplies (output voltage Vi) 1 and 2 in series or in parallel, and outputs different output voltage between the common anode terminal 3 and the common cathode terminal 4. I am supposed to get Vo.
【００２７】 即ち、この直並列切換回路１０は、２個の直流電源１，２のうち、直流電源２ の陽極と共通陽極端子３との間に順方向に接続した第１のダイオードＤ1 と、２ 個の直流電源１，２のうち、直流電源１の陰極と共通陰極端子４との間に順方向 に接続した第２のダイオードＤ2 と、一方の直流電源１の陰極と他方の直流電源 ２の陽極との間に接続した所要数のＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴの並列回路からなる切換素子 ５と、ＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴのソースと一方の直流電源１の陰極との間に接続した逆接 続保護ダイオードＤS と、ＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴのドレインとソースとの間に接続した 保護ダイオードＤT とを具備している。That is, the serial / parallel switching circuit 10 includes a first diode D 1 connected in the forward direction between the anode of the DC power supply 2 and the common anode terminal 3 of the two DC power supplies 1 and 2, Of the two DC power supplies 1 and 2, the second diode D2 connected in the forward direction between the cathode of the DC power supply 1 and the common cathode terminal 4, the cathode of one DC power supply 1 and the other DC power supply 2 A switching element 5 consisting of a parallel circuit of a required number of MOS-FETs connected to the anode of the, and a reverse connection protection diode DS connected between the source of the MOS-FET and the cathode of one of the DC power supplies 1; It has a protection diode DT connected between the drain and the source of the MOS-FET.
【００２８】 前記切換素子５は、図１においては、ＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴ１個のみで構成している が、実際にはｎ個（例えば８個，１０個等）並列にして用いるものである。Although the switching element 5 is composed of only one MOS-FET in FIG. 1, it is actually used in parallel with n pieces (eg, 8 pieces, 10 pieces, etc.).
【００２９】 また、ＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴとしては、例えば、２ＳＫ１５２２（４５０Ｖ，５０Ａ でオン抵抗Ｒ＝０．１（Ω））を用いる。As the MOS-FET, for example, 2SK1522 (450 V, 50 A, on-resistance R = 0.1 (Ω)) is used.
【００３０】 さらに、前記切換素子５の各ＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴは、図示しない素子駆動部による ゲート駆動でオン状態又はオフ状態に制御されるようになっている。Further, each MOS-FET of the switching element 5 is controlled to be in an on state or an off state by gate driving by an element driving unit (not shown).
【００３１】 次に、上述した構成の直並列切換回路１０の動作を図２，図３をも参照して説 明する。Next, the operation of the serial / parallel switching circuit 10 having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIGS.
【００３２】 この直並列切換回路１０の所要数のＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴの並列回路からなる切換素 子５がオフのとき、２個の直流電源１，２のうちの直流電源１の陽極は直接共通 陽極端子３に、また、他方の直流電源２の陽極は順方向に接続した第１のダイオ ードＤ1 を介して共通陽極端子３に各々接続される。When the switching element 5 including the required number of MOS-FET parallel circuits of the series-parallel switching circuit 10 is off, the anode of the DC power source 1 of the two DC power sources 1 and 2 is a direct common anode. The terminal 3 and the anode of the other DC power supply 2 are respectively connected to the common anode terminal 3 via the first diode D1 connected in the forward direction.
【００３３】 また、２個の直流電源のうちの一方の直流電源１の陰極は、順方向に接続した 第２のダイオードＤ2 を介して共通陰極端子４に、他方の直流電源１の陰極は直 接共通陰極端子４に各々接続される。The cathode of the DC power supply 1 of the two DC power supplies is connected to the common cathode terminal 4 through the second diode D2 connected in the forward direction, and the cathode of the other DC power supply 1 is connected directly. Each is connected to the common cathode terminal 4.
【００３４】 これにより２個の直流電源１，２は並列接続の状態となって、この時の出力電 力の損失ＰLPは、第１，第２のダイオードＤ1 ，Ｄ2 の順方向ドロップ電圧ＶD に依存することになる。即ち、直流電源１，２が並列接続の状態の時の出力電圧 ＶO ＝Ｖi で、出力電流がＩL の時、出力電圧ＶO の低下分ΔＶP は、図２に示 すようにΔＶP ＝（１／２・ＶD ）×２＝ＶD となり、出力電力の損失ΔＰLp＝ （１／２・ＩL ×ＶD ）×２＝ＩL ×ＶD となる。As a result, the two DC power supplies 1 and 2 are connected in parallel, and the loss PLP of the output power at this time is equal to the forward drop voltage VD of the first and second diodes D1 and D2. Will depend on you. That is, when the output voltage VO = Vi when the DC power supplies 1 and 2 are connected in parallel and the output current is IL, the decrease amount ΔVP of the output voltage VO is ΔVP = (1 / 2 · VD) × 2 = VD, and output power loss ΔPLp = (½ · IL × VD) × 2 = IL × VD.
【００３５】 従って、順方向トロップ電圧ＶD の小さい第１，第２のダイオードＤ1 ，Ｄ2 を用いることで並列接続時の出力電力ΔＰLpの損失を従来例よりも小さくできる 。Therefore, by using the first and second diodes D1 and D2 having a small forward troop voltage VD, the loss of the output power ΔPLp in the parallel connection can be made smaller than that of the conventional example.
【００３６】 次に、所要数のＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴの並列回路からなる切換素子５がオンのとき、 ２個の直流電源１，２における一方の直流電源１の陰極と他方の直流電源２の陽 極との間は、所要数のＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴの並列回路のオン抵抗ＲT を介して接続さ れ、２個の直流電源１，２は直列接続の状態となる。Next, when the switching element 5 consisting of a required number of MOS-FETs in parallel is turned on, the cathode of one DC power source 1 and the anode of the other DC power source 2 of the two DC power sources 1 and 2 are positive. And the two DC power supplies 1 and 2 are connected in series with each other via the on-resistance RT of a required number of parallel MOS-FET circuits.
【００３７】 この時の出力電力の損失ＰLSは、所要数のＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴのオン抵抗ＲT の並 列接続値に依存することになる。即ち、直流電源１，２が直列接続の状態の時の 出力電圧ＶO ＝２Ｖi で、出力電流がＩL の時、出力電圧ＶO の低下分ΔＶS は 、ΔＶS ＝ＲT ×ＩL となり、出力電力の損失ΔＰLS＝ＲT ×ＩL 2 となる。The loss PLS of the output power at this time depends on the parallel connection value of the ON resistances RT of the required number of MOS-FETs. That is, when the output voltage VO = 2Vi when the DC power supplies 1 and 2 are connected in series and the output current is IL, the decrease amount ΔVS of the output voltage VO becomes ΔVS = RT × IL, and the output power loss ΔPLS = RT x IL 2 .
【００３８】 ＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴとしては、例えば、１個の２ＳＫ１５２２（４５０Ｖ，５０Ａ でオン抵抗Ｒ＝０．１（Ω））を用いた場合、ＩL ＝２５（Ａ）の時、出力電力 の損失ΔＰLS＝０．１×２５2 ＝６２．５（Ｗ）となる。As the MOS-FET, for example, when one 2SK1522 (450 V, 50 A, on-resistance R = 0.1 (Ω)) is used, when IL = 25 (A), output power loss ΔPLS = 0.1 × 25 2 = 62.5 (W).
【００３９】 従って、この場合にもＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴの個数を例えば１０個用いることにより 、切換素子５の抵抗値は０．０１（Ω）となって、ΔＰLS＝６．２５（Ｗ）と大 幅に減少し、直列接続時の出力電力の損失ΔＰLSを従来例よりも小さくできる。Therefore, also in this case, by using, for example, 10 MOS-FETs, the resistance value of the switching element 5 becomes 0.01 (Ω), and ΔPLS = 6.25 (W). Therefore, the output power loss ΔPLS when connected in series can be made smaller than in the conventional example.
【００４０】 さらに、この直並列切換回路１０によれば、並列から直列への切り換え、直列 から並列への切り換えを行う切換素子５として所要数のＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴの並列回 路を用いているので、図３に示すように、切り換え時に従来例のような回路の瞬 断が無く、これにより切り換え時の電圧低下を皆無とすることができる。さらに 、電磁接触器を用いないので、雑音成分の発生も無く信頼性を向上できる。Further, according to the series-parallel switching circuit 10, since a required number of parallel circuits of MOS-FETs are used as the switching element 5 for switching from parallel to series and from series to parallel. As shown in FIG. 3, there is no interruption of the circuit at the time of switching as in the conventional example, which can eliminate the voltage drop at the time of switching. Further, since no electromagnetic contactor is used, no noise component is generated and reliability can be improved.
【００４１】 次に、本考案の他の実施例を図４，図５を参照して説明する。Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
【００４２】 同図に示す直並列切換回路１０Ａは、前記直並列切換回路１０の構成に前記第 ２のダイオードＤ2 の印加電圧を検出する電圧検出回路１１を付加したことが特 徴である。尚、直流電源１，２の出力電圧は各々１２（Ｖ）として以下の説明を 行う。The serial-parallel switching circuit 10 A shown in the figure is characterized in that a voltage detection circuit 11 for detecting the voltage applied to the second diode D 2 is added to the configuration of the serial-parallel switching circuit 10. The following description will be given assuming that the output voltages of the DC power supplies 1 and 2 are 12 (V).
【００４３】 即ち、電圧検出回路１１は、共通陰極端子４と第２のダイオードＤ2 のカソー ドとの間の印加電圧を検出し、検出した印加電圧の信号を前記切換素子５を構成 するＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴのゲートＧに供給してこの切換素子５をオン，オフ駆動する ようになっている。That is, the voltage detection circuit 11 detects the applied voltage between the common cathode terminal 4 and the cathode of the second diode D 2, and outputs the signal of the detected applied voltage to the MOS- which constitutes the switching element 5. The switching element 5 is supplied to the gate G of the FET to drive the switching element 5 on and off.
【００４４】 この直並列切換回路１０Ａの動作を以下に説明する。The operation of the serial / parallel switching circuit 10A will be described below.
【００４５】 図４に示すように、共通陽極端子３，共通陰極端子４間に、充電すべき１２（ Ｖ）の電圧の負荷としてのバッテリーＢを接続すると、このバッテリーＢの電圧 と前記直流電源１の出力電圧とは等しいため、前記直流電源１の実質的な極性変 動はなく、この結果、第２のダイオードＤ2 のアノードはプラス、カソードはマ イナスの状態を維持する。この第２のダイオードＤ2 の印加電圧の極性は前記電 圧検出回路１１により検出され、この結果、ＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴのゲートＧはマイナ スとなり、切換素子５はオフ状態となる。As shown in FIG. 4, when a battery B as a load having a voltage of 12 (V) to be charged is connected between the common anode terminal 3 and the common cathode terminal 4, the voltage of the battery B and the DC power source are connected. Since the output voltage is equal to the output voltage of 1, the DC power supply 1 does not substantially change in polarity, and as a result, the anode of the second diode D2 remains positive and the cathode thereof maintains a negative state. The polarity of the voltage applied to the second diode D2 is detected by the voltage detection circuit 11, and as a result, the gate G of the MOS-FET becomes negative and the switching element 5 is turned off.
【００４６】 これにより、前記直流電源１，２は並列接続の状態で共通陽極端子３，共通陰 極端子４間に１２（Ｖ）の出力電圧を供給し、１２（Ｖ）のバッテリーＢを自動 的に充電する。As a result, the DC power supplies 1 and 2 supply an output voltage of 12 (V) between the common anode terminal 3 and the common negative electrode terminal 4 in a parallel connection state to automatically drive the battery B of 12 (V). To charge properly.
【００４７】 一方、図５に示すように、共通陽極端子３，共通陰極端子４間に、充電すべき ２４（Ｖ）の電圧のバッテリーＢを接続すると、このバッテリーＢの電圧の方が 前記直流電源１の出力電圧よりも高いため、前記直流電源１に実質的な極性変動 が生じ、この結果、第２のダイオードＤ2 のアノードはマイナス、カソードはプ ラスの状態となる。この第２のダイオードＤ2 の印加電圧の極性は前記電圧検出 回路１１により検出され、この結果、ＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴのゲートＧはプラスとなり 、切換素子５はオン状態となる。On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, when a battery B having a voltage of 24 (V) to be charged is connected between the common anode terminal 3 and the common cathode terminal 4, the voltage of the battery B becomes the direct current. Since the voltage is higher than the output voltage of the power source 1, the DC power source 1 undergoes a substantial polarity variation, and as a result, the anode of the second diode D2 is in the minus state and the cathode thereof is in the plus state. The polarity of the voltage applied to the second diode D2 is detected by the voltage detecting circuit 11, and as a result, the gate G of the MOS-FET becomes positive and the switching element 5 is turned on.
【００４８】 これにより、前記直流電源１，２は既述した如く直列接続の状態となり共通陽 極端子３，共通陰極端子４間に２４（Ｖ）の出力電圧を供給し、２４（Ｖ）のバ ッテリーＢを自動的に充電する。As a result, the DC power sources 1 and 2 are connected in series as described above, and an output voltage of 24 (V) is supplied between the common positive electrode terminal 3 and the common negative electrode terminal 4 to supply 24 (V). Automatically charge Battery B.
【００４９】 本考案は、上述した実施例に限定されるものではなく、その要旨の範囲内で種 々の変形が可能である。The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention.
【００５０】[0050]
以上詳述した本考案によれば、上述した構成としたので、並列，直列の切り換 え時においても出力電圧の電圧低下が無く、また、雑音成分が混入することも無 く信頼性の高い直並列切換回路を提供することができる。 According to the present invention described in detail above, because of the above-described configuration, there is no voltage drop in the output voltage even when switching between parallel and series, and there is no mixing of noise components, which is highly reliable. A series-parallel switching circuit can be provided.
【００５１】 また、本考案によれば、負荷の電圧に応じて自動的に対応する出力電圧を得る ことができ、異なる電圧の複数のバッテリーの充電等に好適な直並列切換回路を 提供することができる。Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to automatically obtain an output voltage corresponding to a voltage of a load, and to provide a serial / parallel switching circuit suitable for charging a plurality of batteries having different voltages. You can
【図１】本考案の実施例を示す回路図FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本実施例の直並列切換回路の出力電圧の低下状
態を示すグラフFIG. 2 is a graph showing a state in which the output voltage of the series-parallel switching circuit of this embodiment is lowered.
【図３】本実施例の直並列切換回路のＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴ、
出力電圧、第１，第２のダイオードの電圧及び第１，第
２のダイオードの電流の関係を示すタイミングチャートFIG. 3 is a MOS-FET of a serial / parallel switching circuit according to the present embodiment,
Timing chart showing the relationship between the output voltage, the voltage of the first and second diodes, and the current of the first and second diodes
【図４】本考案の実施例の他例を示す回路図FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing another example of the embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】本考案の実施例の他例を示す回路図FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing another example of the embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】従来の直並列切換回路の回路図FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a conventional serial / parallel switching circuit.
【図７】従来の直並列切換回路の出力電圧の低下状態を
示すグラフFIG. 7 is a graph showing a state in which the output voltage of the conventional serial / parallel switching circuit drops.
【図８】従来の直並列切換回路の電磁接触器の動作，出
力電圧の関係を示すタイミングチャートFIG. 8 is a timing chart showing the relationship between the operation and output voltage of a conventional electromagnetic contactor of a serial / parallel switching circuit.
１ 直流電源 ２ 直流電源 ３ 共通陽極端子 ４ 共通陰極端子 ５ 切換素子 １０ 直並列切換回路 １０Ａ 直並列切換回路 Ｄ1 第１のダイオード Ｄ2 第２のダイオード 1 DC power supply 2 DC power supply 3 Common anode terminal 4 Common cathode terminal 5 Switching element 10 Series / parallel switching circuit 10A Series / parallel switching circuit D1 First diode D2 Second diode
Claims (2)
えて、共通陽極端子，共通陰極端子間に異なる出力電圧
を得る直並列切換回路において、２個の直流電源の各陽
極と共通陽極端子との間の一方に順方向に接続した第１
のダイオードと、２個の直流電源の各陰極と共通陰極端
子との間の一方に順方向に接続した第２のダイオード
と、一方の直流電源の陰極と他方の直流電源の陽極との
間に接続した所要数のＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴの並列回路からな
る切換素子とを具備することを特徴とする直並列切換回
路。1. A serial-parallel switching circuit for switching two DC power supplies in series or in parallel to obtain different output voltages between a common anode terminal and a common cathode terminal. Each anode and common anode terminal of the two DC power supplies. First connected to one side between and
Between the cathode of one DC power supply and the anode of the other DC power supply, and the second diode connected in the forward direction between one of the cathodes of the two DC power supplies and the common cathode terminal. A serial-parallel switching circuit, comprising a switching element composed of a parallel circuit of a required number of connected MOS-FETs.
えて、共通陽極端子，共通陰極端子間に異なる出力電圧
を得る直並列切換回路において、２個の直流電源の各陽
極と共通陽極端子との間の一方に順方向に接続した第１
のダイオードと、２個の直流電源の各陰極と共通陰極端
子との間の一方に順方向に接続した第２のダイオード
と、一方の直流電源の陰極と他方の直流電源の陽極との
間に接続した所要数のＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴの並列回路からな
る切換素子と、前記第１又は第２のダイオードの印加電
圧を検出し前記切換素子のＭＯＳ−ＦＥＴのゲートを駆
動する電圧検出回路とを具備し、前記共通陽極端子，共
通陰極端子間に接続する負荷の電圧に応じて変化する第
１又は第２のダイオードの印加電圧の極性の変化を前記
電圧検出回路により検出し前記切換素子を制御して２個
の直流電源を負荷の電圧に応じて直列又は並列に接続す
ることを特徴とする直並列切換回路。2. A serial-parallel switching circuit for switching two DC power supplies in series or in parallel to obtain different output voltages between a common anode terminal and a common cathode terminal. Each anode and common anode terminal of the two DC power supplies. First connected to one side between and
Between the cathode of one DC power supply and the anode of the other DC power supply, and the second diode connected in the forward direction between one of the cathodes of the two DC power supplies and the common cathode terminal. A switching element composed of a parallel circuit of a required number of connected MOS-FETs, and a voltage detection circuit for detecting a voltage applied to the first or second diode and driving a gate of the MOS-FET of the switching element. , The change in polarity of the voltage applied to the first or second diode, which changes according to the voltage of the load connected between the common anode terminal and the common cathode terminal, is detected by the voltage detection circuit to control the switching element. A serial-parallel switching circuit characterized in that two DC power supplies are connected in series or in parallel according to the voltage of a load.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1575493U JPH0677442U (en) | 1993-03-31 | 1993-03-31 | Series-parallel switching circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1575493U JPH0677442U (en) | 1993-03-31 | 1993-03-31 | Series-parallel switching circuit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0677442U true JPH0677442U (en) | 1994-10-28 |
Family
ID=11897571
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1575493U Pending JPH0677442U (en) | 1993-03-31 | 1993-03-31 | Series-parallel switching circuit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0677442U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001128452A (en) * | 1999-10-28 | 2001-05-11 | Shindengen Electric Mfg Co Ltd | Constant power outputting dc power supply unit and control method therefor |
| JP2005224067A (en) * | 2004-02-09 | 2005-08-18 | Shindengen Electric Mfg Co Ltd | Switching power supply |
| CN113890370A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-04 | 西安领充创享新能源科技有限公司 | Serial-parallel switching circuit control method and device, controller and storage medium |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63154020A (en) * | 1986-12-15 | 1988-06-27 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Mos-fet selective cut-off circuit |
| JPH03243119A (en) * | 1990-02-19 | 1991-10-30 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Or gate |
-
1993
- 1993-03-31 JP JP1575493U patent/JPH0677442U/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63154020A (en) * | 1986-12-15 | 1988-06-27 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Mos-fet selective cut-off circuit |
| JPH03243119A (en) * | 1990-02-19 | 1991-10-30 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Or gate |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001128452A (en) * | 1999-10-28 | 2001-05-11 | Shindengen Electric Mfg Co Ltd | Constant power outputting dc power supply unit and control method therefor |
| JP4497600B2 (en) * | 1999-10-28 | 2010-07-07 | 新電元工業株式会社 | Control method for constant power output DC power supply |
| JP2005224067A (en) * | 2004-02-09 | 2005-08-18 | Shindengen Electric Mfg Co Ltd | Switching power supply |
| CN113890370A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-04 | 西安领充创享新能源科技有限公司 | Serial-parallel switching circuit control method and device, controller and storage medium |
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