JPH0631347B2 - Coal gasifier - Google Patents
Coal gasifierInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0631347B2 JPH0631347B2 JP60059598A JP5959885A JPH0631347B2 JP H0631347 B2 JPH0631347 B2 JP H0631347B2 JP 60059598 A JP60059598 A JP 60059598A JP 5959885 A JP5959885 A JP 5959885A JP H0631347 B2 JPH0631347 B2 JP H0631347B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cooling wall
- water cooling
- fuel
- combustor section
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は石炭のガス化装置に関し、特に石炭ガス化複合
発電システムへ可能な限り良質（高温、高圧）の蒸気を
供給しうる石炭ガス化装置に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a coal gasifier, and particularly to coal gasification capable of supplying high-quality (high temperature, high pressure) steam as much as possible to a coal gasification combined cycle power generation system. Regarding the device.
（従来の技術） 従来のガス化炉の例を第３図に示す。(A)は過熱器を設
置しない場合を示し、(B)は過熱器設置の例を示す。(Prior Art) An example of a conventional gasification furnace is shown in FIG. (A) shows the case where the superheater is not installed, and (B) shows an example of the superheater installation.
第３図(A)に示す方式は過熱器を有しないため熱交換器
のメタルの保護を行う必要がないが、複合発電システム
に対して低温の蒸気しか送り得ずプラント性能上劣る。
またドラムあるいは循環ポンプを２系列必要とし、系統
が複雑で運転操作性に劣る 第３図(B)に示す例は熱交換器のガス最高温度部分に過
熱器を設置するため、過熱器のメタル温度が高目となり
高温腐食対応上信頼性に欠ける。またガス化炉の起動時
にはメタルの保護のため水クエンチによる冷却が必要で
あり、操作が頻雑となる。The system shown in FIG. 3 (A) does not have a superheater and therefore does not need to protect the metal of the heat exchanger, but it is inferior in plant performance because it can only send low-temperature steam to the combined cycle power generation system.
Also, since two drums or circulation pumps are required and the system is complicated and inferior in operability, the example shown in Fig. 3 (B) is because the superheater is installed at the maximum gas temperature part of the heat exchanger. The temperature is too high and it is not reliable due to high temperature corrosion. In addition, when starting the gasification furnace, it is necessary to cool with a water quench to protect the metal, and the operation becomes complicated.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点） 本発明は、下記の諸点、 (1) 石炭ガス化複合発電システムへ出来るだけ良質
（高温・高圧）の蒸気を供給し、プラント性能向上に寄
与せしめる。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention provides the following points, (1) Supplying as high quality (high temperature and high pressure) steam as possible to the integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation system to contribute to improvement of plant performance.
(2) 但し、Ｈ２Ｓを多量に含む還元性雰囲気下での腐
食を防止し信頼性の高いガス化炉とする。(2) However, a gasification furnace with high reliability that prevents corrosion in a reducing atmosphere containing a large amount of H 2 S is used.
(3) ガス化炉起動時における水クエンチその他の冷却
操作を不要とする。(3) The water quench and other cooling operations at the time of gasifier startup are not required.
(4) ガス化炉冷却水循環系統を単純化し、運転操作性
を高める。(4) Simplify the gasifier cooling water circulation system to improve operability.
ことのできる石炭ガス化装置を提供しようとするもので
ある。The present invention aims to provide a coal gasification device that can be used.
（問題点を解決するための手段） すなわち本発明は煙道蒸発器と過熱器の配置の適切な配
分により高信頼性を維持しつゝ良質の蒸気を発電システ
ム側に供給し、プラント性能向上に寄与するようにした
点を新規とするものである。すなわち本発明は燃料を燃
焼させて高温の雰囲気を形成するコンバスタ部、同コン
バスタ部の上部に位置してコンバスタ部と連通し、燃料
を乾留・熱分解させるとともに前記コンバスタ部からの
高温のガスと燃料とを混合するデイフユーザ部、及び同
デイフユーザ部の上部に位置してデイフユーザ部と連通
し、吸熱のガス化反応をおこなわせて前記デイフユーザ
部からの炭素粒をガス化させるレダクタ部からなるガス
化炉を有し、同ガス化炉を管で構成された水冷壁と同水
冷壁の内部側にライニングされた比較的薄い耐熱・耐火
材から形成し、前記水冷壁の頂部を蒸気ドラムに連結
し、前記水冷壁の下部を途中に循環ポンプを備えた下降
管で前記蒸気ドラムと連結し、前記下降管の前記循環ポ
ンプが配置された位置より下流側と前記レダクタ部の直
上に配置された煙道蒸発器の入口と連通させ、前記煙道
蒸発器の出口と前記蒸気ドラムとを連通させ、前記煙道
蒸発器の上方に順に過熱器、節炭器を配置したことを特
徴とする石炭ガス化装置である。(Means for Solving Problems) That is, the present invention maintains high reliability by appropriately distributing the arrangement of the flue evaporator and the superheater, and supplies high-quality steam to the power generation system side to improve plant performance. The point that is made to contribute to is newly made. That is, the present invention is a combustor portion that burns fuel to form a high temperature atmosphere, communicates with the combustor portion located above the combustor portion, and performs carbonization and thermal decomposition of the fuel and high temperature gas from the combustor portion. Gasification comprising a diff user part for mixing with fuel and a reductor part located above the diff user part and communicating with the diff user part to cause endothermic gasification reaction to gasify carbon particles from the diff user part. It has a furnace, and the gasification furnace is made of a water-cooling wall composed of pipes and a relatively thin heat-resistant / refractory material lined inside the water-cooling wall, and the top of the water-cooling wall is connected to a steam drum. The lower part of the water cooling wall is connected to the steam drum by a downcomer equipped with a circulation pump in the middle of the water cooling wall, and the downstream side of the downcomer from the position where the circulation pump is arranged and the reducer. Is communicated with the inlet of the flue evaporator disposed directly above the outlet, the outlet of the flue evaporator is communicated with the steam drum, and a superheater and a economizer are arranged above the flue evaporator in order. It is a coal gasifier characterized by that.
以下、本発明の石炭ガス化装置の一実施態様を、第１
図、第２図によつて説明する。第１図は主として本発明
石炭ガス化装置の蒸気系統を説明するための図で、ガス
化炉部分の詳細は省略している。第２図は第１図で詳細
を省略したガス化炉の構成を示す図で、蒸気系統の詳細
は省略している。Hereinafter, one embodiment of the coal gasifier of the present invention
This will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a diagram mainly for explaining the steam system of the coal gasifier of the present invention, and details of the gasification furnace portion are omitted. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the gasification furnace, details of which are omitted in FIG. 1, and details of the steam system are omitted.
第１図において、蒸気ドラム１から供給される循環水
（缶水）は下降管２を経て循環ポンプ３に至り、ここで
昇圧されて分配管４を経て一部はガス化炉下部管寄５に
送られ、一部は煙道蒸発器９へ送られる。In FIG. 1, circulating water (canned water) supplied from the steam drum 1 reaches a circulating pump 3 via a downcomer 2, where the pressure is increased and a part of the gasification furnace lower pipe 5 is passed through a distribution pipe 4. And part of it is sent to the flue evaporator 9.
ガス化炉下部管寄５に供給された缶水は水冷壁管６を経
て熱を吸収し、ガス化炉上部管寄７に至り、更に上昇管
８を経て蒸気ドラムに戻される。ここで、水冷壁管６の
炉内面には耐火材が内張りされており、水側に伝達され
る熱は極力少なくし、ガス化反応に有効に利用されるよ
うに計画される。The canned water supplied to the lower part 5 of the gasification furnace absorbs heat through the water cooling wall pipe 6, reaches the upper part 7 of the gasification furnace, and is further returned to the steam drum through the rising pipe 8. Here, a refractory material is lined on the inner surface of the water cooling wall tube 6 so that the heat transferred to the water side is minimized and the heat is effectively used for the gasification reaction.
煙道蒸発器９に供給された缶水は、ここでガス化炉生成
ガスとの熱交換により蒸気し、汽水混合の状態で上昇管
１０を経て蒸気ドラム１に戻される。The can water supplied to the flue evaporator 9 is steamed here by heat exchange with the gas produced by the gasifier, and is returned to the steam drum 1 via the rising pipe 10 in a brackish water mixed state.
蒸気ドラムにて汽水分離が行われ水は再び下降管２をと
おり循環され、蒸気は過熱器１１へ送られる。Brackish water is separated in the steam drum, water is circulated again through the downcomer 2, and steam is sent to the superheater 11.
過熱器１１は煙道蒸発器９のガス後流側に設置される。
煙道蒸発器９での熱交換よりやゝガス高温が低下した領
域（８００℃前後）に過熱器１１を設け、メタル温度の
上昇を抑制する。The superheater 11 is installed on the gas downstream side of the flue evaporator 9.
The superheater 11 is provided in a region (around 800 ° C.) where the gas temperature is lower than that of the heat exchange in the flue evaporator 9 to suppress the rise of the metal temperature.
煙道蒸発器９内は充分な量の飽和水および汽液２相流が
流れかつ流体高温が低いので煙道蒸発器９のメタル高温
の過度の上昇をさけることができる。Since a sufficient amount of saturated water and brackish liquid two-phase flow flows in the flue evaporator 9 and the fluid high temperature is low, it is possible to prevent the metal temperature of the flue evaporator 9 from rising excessively.
過熱器１１出口の蒸気は石炭ガス化複合発電システム側
あるいは他の蒸気源として利用される。The steam at the outlet of the superheater 11 is used on the coal gasification combined power generation system side or as another steam source.
ガス流れの最下流側に節炭器１２が設けられ、ここで加
熱された給水が蒸気ドラム１に供給される。A economizer 12 is provided on the most downstream side of the gas flow, and the feed water heated here is supplied to the steam drum 1.
第２図は、第１図のガス化炉の構造の一実施態様を示
す。FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the structure of the gasification furnace of FIG.
ガス化炉は通常約４０kg／cm2Gで操作されるもので、コ
ンバスタ１３、デイフユーザ１４およびレダクタ１５の
三つの部分からなり、水冷壁管６にて周囲を囲まれ、炉
内側に比較的薄い耐熱・耐火材１６が内張りされてい
る。The gasification furnace is usually operated at about 40 kg / cm 2 G, and is composed of three parts, a combustor 13, a diff user 14, and a reductor 15, surrounded by a water cooling wall tube 6, and relatively thin inside the furnace. Heat resistant and fire resistant material 16 is lined.
コンバスタ１には石炭２３の一部、循環チヤー２４およ
び空気またはＯ２２５が投入され、高温状態（１４００
〜１８００℃）に維持され、灰の溶融排出が行われると
ともに、上記でのガス化に必要な熱を供給する。ガス化
剤（空気またはＯ２）は図示省略のコンプレツサにより
昇圧され、炉内に供給される。The combustor 1 is charged with a part of the coal 23, the circulation charge 24 and air or O 2 25, and the high temperature state (1400
The temperature is maintained at ~ 1800 ° C), the ash is melted and discharged, and the heat necessary for the gasification is supplied. The gasifying agent (air or O 2 ) is pressurized by a compressor (not shown) and supplied into the furnace.
デイフユーザ１４には残りの石炭２３が投入され乾留さ
れるとともに、ガスとの均一な混合、流れの平均化が行
われる。コンバスタ１３、デイフユーザ１４への石炭２
３の投入は、微粉砕した石炭を図示省略のロツクホツパ
システムにより加圧され、炉内に搬送される。The remaining coal 23 is charged to the diff user 14 and carbonized, and at the same time, it is uniformly mixed with the gas and the flow is averaged. Combustor 13, Coal 2 to Diff User 14
In the charging of 3, the finely pulverized coal is pressurized by a rock hopper system (not shown) and is conveyed into the furnace.
レダクタ１５においては炭素粒のガス化およびガスの冷
却が行われ発生したチヤーは図示省略の捕集器によつて
捕集され、前記コンバスタ１３に循環チヤとして再投入
される。In the reductor 15, the carbon particles are gasified and the gas is cooled, and the generated char is collected by a collector (not shown) and is re-introduced into the combustor 13 as a circulating charge.
コンバスタ１３下部には灰ホツパ１７が設けられ流下し
た溶融スラグはこゝで水冷され、水冷スラグ１８として
外部に排出される。An ash hopper 17 is provided below the combustor 13, and the molten slag that has flowed down is water-cooled by this and is discharged to the outside as a water-cooled slag 18.
水冷壁管６にはガス化炉下部管寄８から冷却水が供給さ
れ水冷壁管６を水冷するようにしている。Cooling water is supplied to the water cooling wall pipe 6 from the gasification furnace lower pipe side 8 to cool the water cooling wall pipe 6.
レダクタ１５出口には煙道蒸発器９及び図示省略の過熱
器１１、節炭器１２（第１図参照）が設置され、ガスを
所定高温（約４００℃）まで冷却するとともに、有効な
熱回収を行う。A flue evaporator 9, a superheater 11 (not shown), and a economizer 12 (see FIG. 1) are installed at the outlet of the reductor 15 to cool the gas to a predetermined high temperature (about 400 ° C.) and to effectively recover heat. I do.
ガス化炉全体は圧力容器１９内に収容され、炉内と圧力
容器との間の空間部に差圧検出器２０によつて制御され
る弁２１の作用によつて不活性ガス２２が注入され、差
圧が制御されるようになつている。The entire gasification furnace is housed in a pressure vessel 19, and an inert gas 22 is injected into the space between the inside of the furnace and the pressure vessel by the action of a valve 21 controlled by a differential pressure detector 20. , The differential pressure is controlled.
なお第２図のガス化炉において水冷壁管６を、ライフル
管（内部に螺旋状痕のある管）を用いると、一層効果的
である。It is more effective to use a rifle tube (a tube having a spiral mark inside) as the water cooling wall tube 6 in the gasification furnace of FIG.
過熱器１１出口の蒸気は石炭ガス化複合発電システム側
あるいは他の蒸気源として利用される。The steam at the outlet of the superheater 11 is used on the coal gasification combined power generation system side or as another steam source.
ガス流れの最下流側に節炭器１２が設けられ、ここで加
熱された給水が蒸気ドラム１に供給される。A economizer 12 is provided on the most downstream side of the gas flow, and the feed water heated here is supplied to the steam drum 1.
以上説明した本発明の石炭ガス化装置は下記の効果を奏
する。The coal gasifier of the present invention described above has the following effects.
(1) 良質（高温・高圧）の蒸気を発電プラントシステ
ム側に供給できるので、プラント性能向上に寄与すると
ころが大である。(1) Since high-quality (high-temperature, high-pressure) steam can be supplied to the power plant system side, it greatly contributes to plant performance improvement.
(2) 過熱器のメタルの保護（高温腐食対策）が可能と
なる。(2) It is possible to protect the metal of the superheater (measures against high temperature corrosion).
(3) 起動期間中においても冷却用の水クエンチなどは
ん雑な運転操作を行わずに済む。(3) Even during the start-up period, it is not necessary to perform a complicated driving operation such as water quench for cooling.
(4) 水循環系統が単純化され、運転操作性を良くする
ことができる。(4) The water circulation system can be simplified and the operability can be improved.
第１図、第２図は本発明石炭ガス化装置の一実施態様を
示す図であり、第１図はその蒸気系統を主として説明す
るための図、第２図はガス化炉部分の詳細図である。第
３図は従来の石炭ガス化装置と熱交換器系統との配列を
示す図である。1 and 2 are views showing an embodiment of the coal gasification apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a view mainly for explaining the steam system thereof, and FIG. 2 is a detailed view of a gasification furnace portion. Is. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an arrangement of a conventional coal gasifier and a heat exchanger system.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭54−32508（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭59−57550（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 米国特許3018174（ＵＳ，Ａ) 米国特許4290389（ＵＳ，Ａ) ***国特許公開3219190（ＤＥ，Ａ) 欧州出願公開77729（ＥＰ，Ａ) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── --Continued from the front page (56) Reference JP-A-54-32508 (JP, A) Actually developed 59-57550 (JP, U) US patent 3018174 (US, A) US patent 4290389 (US, A) West German patent publication 3219190 (DE, A) European application publication 77729 (EP, A)
Claims (1)
コンバスタ部、同コンバスタ部の上部に位置してコンバ
スタ部と連通し、燃料を乾留・熱分解させるとともに前
記コンバスタ部からの高温のガスと燃料とを混合するデ
イフユーザ部、及び同デイフユーザ部の上部に位置して
デイフユーザ部と連通し、吸熱のガス化反応をおこなわ
せて前記デイフユーザ部からの炭素粒をガス化させるレ
ダクタ部からなるガス化炉を有し、同ガス化炉を管で構
成された水冷壁と同水冷壁の内部側にライニングされた
比較的薄い耐熱・耐火材から形成し、前記水冷壁の頂部
を蒸気ドラムに連結し、前記水冷壁の下部を途中に循環
ポンプを備えた下降管で前記蒸気ドラムと連結し、前記
下降管の前記循環ポンプが配置された位置より下流側と
前記レダクタ部の直上に配置された煙道蒸発器の入口と
連通させ、前記煙道蒸発器の出口と前記蒸気ドラムとを
連通させ、前記煙道蒸発器の上方に順に過熱器、節炭器
を配置したことを特徴とする石炭ガス化装置。1. A combustor section for burning a fuel to form a high-temperature atmosphere, and a combustor section located above the combustor section and communicating with the combustor section for carbonizing and pyrolyzing the fuel and for producing a high-temperature gas from the combustor section. A gas including a diff user part for mixing the fuel and the fuel, and a reductor part located above the diff user part and communicating with the diff user part to cause endothermic gasification reaction to gasify carbon particles from the diff user part. It has a gasification furnace, and the gasification furnace is formed from a water cooling wall made up of pipes and a relatively thin heat-resistant / refractory material lined inside the water cooling wall, and the top of the water cooling wall is connected to a steam drum. Then, the lower part of the water cooling wall is connected to the steam drum by a downcomer equipped with a circulation pump midway, and the downstream side of the position where the circulation pump of the downcomer is arranged and the reductor section. The flue evaporator disposed above is communicated with the inlet, the flue evaporator outlet is communicated with the steam drum, and a superheater and a economizer are arranged in sequence above the flue evaporator. A coal gasifier characterized by.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60059598A JPH0631347B2 (en) | 1985-03-26 | 1985-03-26 | Coal gasifier |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60059598A JPH0631347B2 (en) | 1985-03-26 | 1985-03-26 | Coal gasifier |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61221294A JPS61221294A (en) | 1986-10-01 |
| JPH0631347B2 true JPH0631347B2 (en) | 1994-04-27 |
Family
ID=13117840
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60059598A Expired - Fee Related JPH0631347B2 (en) | 1985-03-26 | 1985-03-26 | Coal gasifier |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0631347B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3017623B2 (en) * | 1993-09-28 | 2000-03-13 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Coal gasifier |
| US7803216B2 (en) | 2005-12-28 | 2010-09-28 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Pressurized high-temperature gas cooler |
| CN101410482A (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2009-04-15 | 片山优久雄 | Modification device for coke oven gas |
| JP5734234B2 (en) | 2012-04-16 | 2015-06-17 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Gasifier |
| CN108795507A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-11-13 | 宁夏宝丰能源集团股份有限公司 | A kind of gasification furnace and gasification system |
| CN113862043A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-31 | 中石化宁波工程有限公司 | Novel gasification waste boiler process |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3018174A (en) | 1958-07-21 | 1962-01-23 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | High pressure pulverized coal gasifier |
| US4290389A (en) | 1979-09-21 | 1981-09-22 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Once through sliding pressure steam generator |
| DE3219190A1 (en) | 1982-05-21 | 1983-11-24 | Ruhrkohle Ag, 4300 Essen | Temperature measurement on the reactor of a coal gasification plant |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4168956A (en) * | 1977-08-18 | 1979-09-25 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Method of operating a coal gasifier |
| JPS5844717B2 (en) * | 1979-09-28 | 1983-10-05 | ブレンシユトフインステイトウ−ト フライベルク | Reactor for gas production by partial oxidation |
| JPS58154797A (en) * | 1982-03-10 | 1983-09-14 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Starting spouted-bed coal gasifier |
| JPS5957550U (en) * | 1982-10-05 | 1984-04-14 | バブコツク日立株式会社 | Spouted bed coal gasifier |
-
1985
- 1985-03-26 JP JP60059598A patent/JPH0631347B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3018174A (en) | 1958-07-21 | 1962-01-23 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | High pressure pulverized coal gasifier |
| US4290389A (en) | 1979-09-21 | 1981-09-22 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Once through sliding pressure steam generator |
| DE3219190A1 (en) | 1982-05-21 | 1983-11-24 | Ruhrkohle Ag, 4300 Essen | Temperature measurement on the reactor of a coal gasification plant |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61221294A (en) | 1986-10-01 |
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| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |