JPH0576760A - Production of catalyst for purification of exhaust gas - Google Patents

Production of catalyst for purification of exhaust gas

Info

Publication number
JPH0576760A
JPH0576760A JP3241467A JP24146791A JPH0576760A JP H0576760 A JPH0576760 A JP H0576760A JP 3241467 A JP3241467 A JP 3241467A JP 24146791 A JP24146791 A JP 24146791A JP H0576760 A JPH0576760 A JP H0576760A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
catalyst
exhaust gas
alumina
noble metal
purification
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP3241467A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Tsuneyuki Tanizawa
恒幸 谷澤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyota Motor Corp
Original Assignee
Toyota Motor Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Motor Corp filed Critical Toyota Motor Corp
Priority to JP3241467A priority Critical patent/JPH0576760A/en
Publication of JPH0576760A publication Critical patent/JPH0576760A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

PURPOSE:To produce a catalyst for purification of exhaust gas having a high rate of removal of NOx by enhancing the effective utilizability of the active metal of a noble metal-alumina catalyst having excellent heat resistance. CONSTITUTION:An acid and alumina powder are added to a soln. prepd. by dissolving aluminum alkoxide and noble metallic salt in a solvent (i), the resulting soln. is hydrolyzed(ii) and alkali is added. A formed precipitate is dried and fired to produce a catalyst for purification of exhaust gas (iv).

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、自動車等の内燃機関や
硝酸製造工場などの化学製造工場などから排出される排
気ガスを浄化する排気ガス浄化用触媒の製造方法に関
し、更に詳しくは、希薄燃焼エンジンからの排気ガスの
ような過剰酸素雰囲気下(以下、リーン雰囲気という)
において排気ガス中の窒素酸化物(NOx)を効率良く
浄化することのできる排気ガス浄化用触媒の製造方法に
関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing an exhaust gas purifying catalyst for purifying exhaust gas emitted from an internal combustion engine of an automobile or a chemical manufacturing plant such as a nitric acid manufacturing plant. In an atmosphere of excess oxygen such as exhaust gas from a combustion engine (hereinafter referred to as lean atmosphere)
The present invention relates to a method for producing an exhaust gas purifying catalyst capable of efficiently purifying nitrogen oxides (NOx) in exhaust gas.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】リーン雰囲気でNOxを除去する触媒と
してゼオライトに銅(Cu)をイオン交換した銅担持ゼ
オライト触媒が知られている(例えば特開昭60−125250
号公報参照)。また、アルミナ粉末に白金などの貴金属
の塩を含浸した触媒も知られている。
2. Description of the Related Art As a catalyst for removing NOx in a lean atmosphere, a copper-supported zeolite catalyst in which copper (Cu) is ion-exchanged with zeolite is known (for example, JP-A-60-125250).
(See the official gazette). Also known is a catalyst obtained by impregnating alumina powder with a salt of a noble metal such as platinum.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】リーン雰囲気でNOx
を除去する触媒として、前記したように、ゼオライトに
Cuをイオン交換したCu担持ゼオライトが知られてい
るが、これは耐熱性に問題があり、例えば 600〜 700℃
で劣化が起こり、触媒活性が低下するという問題があっ
た。一方、前述の通り、耐久性に優れた触媒として白金
などの貴金属をアルミナに担持させた貴金属系アルミナ
触媒が知られている。かかる貴金属系アルミナ触媒、例
えば白金/アルミナ触媒は、従来、一般には含浸法(例
えば、白金塩水溶液中にアルミナ粉末を浸漬して乾燥す
る方法)により調製されているが、例えばアルミナと白
金とが単に物理的に結合しているため白金と担体との相
互作用が低く、白金の凝集が起こって浄化性能が低下す
るという問題があった。担体との相互作用を高める方法
として、アルミニウムアルコキシドに貴金属塩を添加し
て攪拌し、得られた溶液を加水分解し、そして生成した
沈澱物を乾燥、焼成して任意の大きさのペレット触媒を
成形する、アルコキシド法によって貴金属担持アルミナ
触媒を調整する方法が考えられているが、この方法で
は、例えば白金をアルミナ合成時に添加するために白金
の一部がアルミナ担体内部に取り込まれ、また沈澱した
アルミナを乾燥する場合に凝集が起こり、添加した白金
が十分有効に作用しないという問題があった。
[Problems to be solved by the invention] NOx in a lean atmosphere
As described above, a Cu-supporting zeolite in which Cu is ion-exchanged with Cu has been known as a catalyst for removing C. However, this has a problem in heat resistance, for example, 600 to 700 ° C.
However, there was a problem that the catalyst activity deteriorated due to the deterioration of the catalyst. On the other hand, as described above, a noble metal-based alumina catalyst in which a noble metal such as platinum is supported on alumina is known as a catalyst having excellent durability. Such a noble metal-based alumina catalyst, for example, a platinum / alumina catalyst, has conventionally been generally prepared by an impregnation method (for example, a method in which an alumina powder is immersed in an aqueous solution of a platinum salt and dried). Since they are merely physically bonded, the interaction between platinum and the carrier is low, and there is a problem in that platinum agglomerates to deteriorate the purification performance. As a method of enhancing the interaction with the carrier, a noble metal salt is added to an aluminum alkoxide and stirred, the resulting solution is hydrolyzed, and the formed precipitate is dried and calcined to obtain a pellet catalyst of an arbitrary size. A method of forming a noble metal-supported alumina catalyst by the alkoxide method has been considered, but in this method, for example, platinum is partially incorporated into the alumina carrier and precipitated in order to add platinum during alumina synthesis. There is a problem in that when the alumina is dried, agglomeration occurs and the added platinum does not act sufficiently effectively.

【0004】従って、本発明は、貴金属が担体内部に取
り込まれることなく、貴金属と担体との相互作用を高
め、NOx浄化効率の優れた排気ガス浄化用触媒の製造
方法を提供することを目的とする。
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an exhaust gas purifying catalyst having excellent NOx purification efficiency by enhancing the interaction between the precious metal and the carrier without the precious metal being taken into the carrier. To do.

【0005】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明に従えば、(i)
アルミニウムのアルコキシドと貴金属塩を溶媒に溶解
し、この溶液に酸及びアルミナ粉末を添加する工程、
(ii)得られた溶液を加水分解する工程、(iii)加水分
解液に、アルカリを添加する工程、(iv) 生成した沈澱
物を乾燥、焼成する工程の各工程からなる排気ガス浄化
用触媒の製造方法が提供される。
According to the present invention, (i)
A step of dissolving an aluminum alkoxide and a noble metal salt in a solvent and adding an acid and an alumina powder to the solution,
An exhaust gas purification catalyst comprising (ii) a step of hydrolyzing the obtained solution, (iii) a step of adding an alkali to the hydrolyzed solution, and (iv) a step of drying and calcining the formed precipitate. A method of manufacturing the same is provided.

【0006】本発明に従えば、貴金属含有溶液に酸とア
ルミナ粉末を添加して、酸によりベーマイトを微細粒と
して一旦溶液中に分散させた後、加水分解し、次にアル
カリを添加することにより、添加したアルミナ粉末表面
に貴金属と化学的に結合したアルミナを均一にコーティ
ングすることができ、担体内部にとり込まれる貴金属が
少なくなるために、目的の排気ガス浄化に有効に作用す
る貴金属量が増大し、浄化率の高い排気ガス浄化用触媒
の製造方法が提供される。
According to the present invention, an acid and an alumina powder are added to a solution containing a noble metal, and boehmite is once dispersed as fine particles in the solution by the acid, then hydrolyzed, and then an alkali is added. , The added alumina powder surface can be uniformly coated with alumina that is chemically bonded to the noble metal, and the amount of the noble metal taken into the carrier decreases, so the amount of the noble metal that effectively acts on the intended exhaust gas purification increases. A method for manufacturing an exhaust gas purification catalyst having a high purification rate is provided.

【0007】本発明に係る排気ガス浄化用触媒の製造方
法において使用される貴金属の塩は従来から排気ガス浄
化用触媒の活性成分として使用されている白金、ロジウ
ム、パラジウム、イリジウムなどの貴金属を適当な塩の
形で使用することができる。
As the noble metal salt used in the method for producing an exhaust gas purifying catalyst according to the present invention, a noble metal such as platinum, rhodium, palladium or iridium which has been conventionally used as an active component of an exhaust gas purifying catalyst is suitable. It can be used in the form of various salts.

【0008】本発明に係る排気ガス浄化用触媒の製造方
法において使用されるアルミニウムのアルコキシドは従
来のアルコキシド法に使用されているアルミニウムアル
コキシド、例えばアルミニウムメトキシド、アルミニウ
ムエトキシド、アルミニウムイソプロポキシド、アルミ
ニウム−n−ブトキシド、アルミニウム−sec −ブトキ
シド等があげられる。アルミニウムアルコキシドと貴金
属塩とを溶解させる溶媒としては、使用する原料物質に
従って適宜選定することができる任意の溶媒を使用する
ことができ、一般にはメチルアルコール、エチルアルコ
ール、エチレングリコールなどの中から選定する。アル
ミニウムアルコキシドと貴金属との混合比には限定はな
いが、一般にはモル比(Al:貴金属)で1:2×10-4
〜1:2×10-2の範囲である。
The aluminum alkoxide used in the method for producing the exhaust gas purifying catalyst according to the present invention is an aluminum alkoxide used in the conventional alkoxide method, such as aluminum methoxide, aluminum ethoxide, aluminum isopropoxide, and aluminum. Examples include -n-butoxide, aluminum-sec-butoxide and the like. As the solvent for dissolving the aluminum alkoxide and the noble metal salt, any solvent that can be appropriately selected according to the raw material used can be used, and is generally selected from methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol and the like. .. There is no limitation on the mixing ratio of the aluminum alkoxide and the noble metal, but in general, the molar ratio (Al: noble metal) is 1: 2 × 10 −4.
The range is from to 1: 2 × 10 -2 .

【0009】本発明では次に、アルミニウムアルコキシ
ドと貴金属塩を攪拌下加熱溶解した溶液に酸及びアルミ
ナ粉末を添加する。酸としては、例えば塩酸、硝酸、過
塩素酸、酢酸などを用いることができ、一般にはアルミ
ニウムアルコキシドに対しモル比で0.01〜 0.5倍量使用
する。アルミナ粉末としては、例えば平均粒径10μm程
度の一般的なアルミナを使用することができ、特に限定
はない。アルミナ粉末はアルミニウムアルコキシドに対
し、一般に、重量比で1/12〜1倍量使用する。
In the present invention, next, an acid and an alumina powder are added to a solution in which an aluminum alkoxide and a noble metal salt are heated and dissolved under stirring. As the acid, for example, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, acetic acid or the like can be used, and generally, it is used in an amount of 0.01 to 0.5 times the molar ratio of aluminum alkoxide. As the alumina powder, for example, general alumina having an average particle size of about 10 μm can be used, and there is no particular limitation. Alumina powder is generally used in a weight ratio of 1/12 to 1 times that of aluminum alkoxide.

【0010】本発明に従えば、アルミニウムアルコキシ
ドと貴金属塩の溶液に酸及びアルミナ粉末を添加してベ
ーマイトの微細粒を液中に均一に高分散させた後、加水
分解する。次にこの分散液にアルカリ(例えばアンモニ
ア水)を添加して液のpHを好ましくは8〜10に調整す
る。アルカリの添加によって貴金属と化学的に結合した
アルミナの微細粒をアルミナ粉末に付着沈積させる。こ
のようにして析出した沈降物をロ別し、例えば 100〜 1
20℃の温度で乾燥し、例えば 500〜 600℃の温度で3〜
4時間焼成する。得られた粉末は成形して粉砕してペレ
ット触媒を調製することができる。またこれを例えば水
及びアルミナゾルと混合し、ハニカム状などの任意の形
状の基材(例えばコージェライト、アルミナ、シリカ・
アルミナ、スポジュメン)表面上に付着させてモノリス
触媒とすることもできる。
According to the present invention, acid and alumina powder are added to a solution of an aluminum alkoxide and a noble metal salt to uniformly and highly disperse fine boehmite particles in the liquid and then hydrolyzed. Next, an alkali (for example, ammonia water) is added to this dispersion liquid to adjust the pH of the liquid to preferably 8-10. Fine particles of alumina chemically bonded to the noble metal by the addition of alkali are deposited and deposited on the alumina powder. The precipitate thus deposited is separated by filtration, for example, 100-1
Dry at a temperature of 20 ℃, for example 3 ~ at a temperature of 500 ~ 600 ℃
Bake for 4 hours. The obtained powder can be molded and pulverized to prepare a pellet catalyst. In addition, this is mixed with, for example, water and alumina sol, and a base material having an arbitrary shape such as a honeycomb shape (for example, cordierite, alumina, silica.
Alumina, spodumene) may be attached to the surface to form a monolith catalyst.

【0011】本発明に係る排気ガス浄化用触媒を用いる
浄化方法は、前記触媒とNOxを含む排気ガス、特に酸
素過剰排気ガス(即ち、自動車等の内燃機関から排出さ
れる空燃比の大きい状態(いわゆるリーン領域)での排
気ガスを接触させることにより行うことができる。本発
明に係る浄化方法において、排気ガスを触媒層に導入す
る空間速度(SV)には特に制限はないが、モノリス触
媒の場合、例えば5〜6万/時間の範囲が活性を維持す
るために望ましい。
In the purification method using the exhaust gas purifying catalyst according to the present invention, the exhaust gas containing the catalyst and NOx, particularly the oxygen excess exhaust gas (that is, the state in which the air-fuel ratio discharged from the internal combustion engine of an automobile or the like is large ( In the purification method according to the present invention, the space velocity (SV) at which the exhaust gas is introduced into the catalyst layer is not particularly limited, but the monolith catalyst can be used. In this case, for example, the range of 50,000 to 60,000 / hour is desirable for maintaining the activity.

【0012】[0012]

【作用】本発明に従った排気ガス浄化用触媒の製造方法
によれば、上で説明したように、アルミナ粉末を核と
し、その表面に貴金属と化学的に結合したアルミナの微
細粒が付着して実質的に化学的結合した状態で析出する
ので、従来のアルコキシド法のように、アルミナ担体内
部に貴金属が取り込まれることがないので貴金属をNO
x浄化に有効に利用することができる。
According to the method for producing an exhaust gas purifying catalyst according to the present invention, as described above, alumina powder is used as a nucleus, and fine particles of alumina chemically bonded to a noble metal adhere to the surface thereof. Therefore, since the noble metal is not taken into the inside of the alumina carrier unlike the conventional alkoxide method, the noble metal is NO.
x can be effectively used for purification.

【0013】[0013]

【実施例】以下、実施例により本発明をより具体的に説
明するが、本発明を以下の実施例に限定するものでない
ことはいうまでもない。
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

【0014】(1) 触媒の調製 (i)先ずエチレングリコール 160重量部にアルミニウ
ムトリイソプロポキシド60重量部及び貴金属塩として、
塩化白金酸溶液2重量部を加えて、温度約90℃の水浴中
で攪拌した。次にこの溶液に濃硝酸7重量部及び平均粒
径約10μmのアルミナ粉末5重量部を加えて温度90℃で
加水分解した。その後、この反応液にアンモニア水を加
えて液のpHを約8に調整した。このようにして得られた
析出沈降物を濾過し、 120℃で乾燥した後、 500℃で3
時間焼成した。
(1) Preparation of catalyst (i) First, as 160 parts by weight of ethylene glycol, 60 parts by weight of aluminum triisopropoxide and a noble metal salt,
2 parts by weight of chloroplatinic acid solution was added, and the mixture was stirred in a water bath at a temperature of about 90 ° C. Next, 7 parts by weight of concentrated nitric acid and 5 parts by weight of alumina powder having an average particle size of about 10 μm were added to this solution and hydrolyzed at a temperature of 90 ° C. Then, aqueous ammonia was added to the reaction solution to adjust the pH of the solution to about 8. The precipitated precipitate thus obtained was filtered, dried at 120 ° C and then at 500 ° C for 3 hours.
Burned for hours.

【0015】得られた粉末を成形器により成形し、これ
を粉砕することにより、本発明に係るペレット触媒を調
製した(触媒No.1)。なお、上記工程で得られた粉末
を水及びアルミナゾルと混合し、これをモノリス(例え
ばコージェライト材)に浸漬して過剰なゾルを除いた
後、焼成することにより、モノリス触媒を得ることもで
きる。
The obtained powder was molded by a molding machine and crushed to prepare a pellet catalyst according to the present invention (catalyst No. 1). It is also possible to obtain a monolith catalyst by mixing the powder obtained in the above step with water and alumina sol, immersing this in a monolith (for example, cordierite material) to remove excess sol, and then firing. ..

【0016】一方、以下の2種類の触媒を参照触媒とし
て調製した。 (ii)上記触媒調製において、アルミナ粉末を加えなか
った以外は全く同様にして、所謂従来のアルコキシド法
により触媒を調製した(触媒No.2)。 (iii)5重量%ジニトロジアミン白金溶液4重量部に3
重量%La添加アルミナ粉末10重量部を含浸し、 120℃
で乾燥し、 500℃で3時間焼成して触媒を調製した(触
媒No.3)。
On the other hand, the following two types of catalysts were prepared as reference catalysts. (Ii) In the above catalyst preparation, a catalyst was prepared by the so-called conventional alkoxide method (catalyst No. 2) in exactly the same manner except that no alumina powder was added. (Iii) Add 3 parts to 4 parts by weight of 5% by weight dinitrodiamine platinum solution.
Impregnated with 10 parts by weight of alumina powder containing La by weight%, 120 ° C
And dried at 500 ° C. for 3 hours to prepare a catalyst (catalyst No. 3).

【0017】(2) 触媒活性の評価 上記触媒調製によって得られた触媒No.1、No.2及び
No.3を通常の固定床流通式反応装置を用い、A/F=
18相当のモデル排気ガス(HC:800ppm、CO:1100pp
m 、NOx:1000ppm )についてのNOx浄化率を各温
度で測定した。空間速度(SV)は42万/時間であっ
た。表1にその結果を示す。
(2) Evaluation of catalytic activity The catalysts No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 obtained by the above-mentioned catalyst preparation were subjected to A / F =
Model exhaust gas equivalent to 18 (HC: 800ppm, CO: 1100pp
The NOx purification rate for m 2, NOx: 1000 ppm) was measured at each temperature. The space velocity (SV) was 420,000 / hour. The results are shown in Table 1.

【0018】(3) 分散度の測定 前記触媒No.1、No.2及びNo.3における活性金属の
分散度をCOパルス法により測定した。その結果を表1
に併せて示す。
(3) Measurement of dispersity The dispersity of the active metal in the catalysts No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 was measured by the CO pulse method. The results are shown in Table 1.
Is also shown.

【0019】[0019]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0020】[0020]

【発明の効果】前記表1の結果から明らかなように、従
来の含浸法によって調製した触媒No.3のPtに比べ、
従来のアルコキシド法によって調製した触媒No.2のP
tの方が有効に働くPtの量は少ないが、活性が高い
(活性金属が微細で高分散状態にある)のでNOx浄化
率が高い(表1の数値は低いが、有効なPt量で比較す
ると触媒No.2の方が浄化率が高い)。一方、本発明方
法に従って調製した触媒No.1は、触媒No.2に比べて
Ptの有効利用性に優れているため当然のことながら、
NOx浄化率は高くなっている。
As is clear from the results shown in Table 1, compared with Pt of catalyst No. 3 prepared by the conventional impregnation method,
P of catalyst No. 2 prepared by conventional alkoxide method
Although t has a smaller amount of Pt that works more effectively, the NOx purification rate is high because the activity is high (the active metal is fine and in a highly dispersed state). Then, the purification rate of catalyst No. 2 is higher). On the other hand, the catalyst No. 1 prepared according to the method of the present invention is superior to the catalyst No. 2 in the effective utilization of Pt.
The NOx purification rate is high.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 (i)アルミニウムのアルコキシドと貴
金属塩を溶媒に溶解し、この溶液に酸及びアルミナ粉末
を添加する工程、 (ii)得られた溶液を加水分解する工程、 (iii)加水分解液に、アルカリを添加する工程、 (iv) 生成した沈澱物を乾燥、焼成する工程 の各工程からなる排気ガス浄化用触媒の製造方法。
1. A step of (i) dissolving an aluminum alkoxide and a noble metal salt in a solvent and adding an acid and alumina powder to the solution, (ii) hydrolyzing the obtained solution, and (iii) hydrolysis A method for producing an exhaust gas purifying catalyst, comprising the steps of adding an alkali to a liquid, and (iv) drying and calcining the formed precipitate.
JP3241467A 1991-09-20 1991-09-20 Production of catalyst for purification of exhaust gas Pending JPH0576760A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3241467A JPH0576760A (en) 1991-09-20 1991-09-20 Production of catalyst for purification of exhaust gas

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3241467A JPH0576760A (en) 1991-09-20 1991-09-20 Production of catalyst for purification of exhaust gas

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0576760A true JPH0576760A (en) 1993-03-30

Family

ID=17074750

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002191989A (en) * 2000-10-16 2002-07-10 Toyota Motor Corp Catalyst for cleaning exhaust gas and method for manufacturing the same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002191989A (en) * 2000-10-16 2002-07-10 Toyota Motor Corp Catalyst for cleaning exhaust gas and method for manufacturing the same

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