JPH0533984B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0533984B2
JPH0533984B2 JP59102246A JP10224684A JPH0533984B2 JP H0533984 B2 JPH0533984 B2 JP H0533984B2 JP 59102246 A JP59102246 A JP 59102246A JP 10224684 A JP10224684 A JP 10224684A JP H0533984 B2 JPH0533984 B2 JP H0533984B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
bagasse
cellulase
alkali
treated
substrate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP59102246A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS60244287A (en
Inventor
Mutsuo Shimamura
Masayuki Shimada
Takayuki Matsuda
Shinichi Matsumoto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SHINNENRYOYU KAIHATSU GIJUTSU KENKYU KUMIAI
Original Assignee
SHINNENRYOYU KAIHATSU GIJUTSU KENKYU KUMIAI
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by SHINNENRYOYU KAIHATSU GIJUTSU KENKYU KUMIAI filed Critical SHINNENRYOYU KAIHATSU GIJUTSU KENKYU KUMIAI
Priority to JP10224684A priority Critical patent/JPS60244287A/en
Publication of JPS60244287A publication Critical patent/JPS60244287A/en
Publication of JPH0533984B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0533984B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明はセルラーゼ(セルロース加水分解酵
素)生産用基質の製造法、更に詳しくは、セルロ
ース系バイオマス資源(以下、単にバイオマスと
称することがある)たるバガスを苛性アルカリ及
び次亜塩素酸系化合物で処理することを特徴とす
るセルラーゼ生産用基質の製造法に関する。 近年、セルロース系バイオマス資源を酵素分解
により糖化してその構成単位であるグルコース、
キシロースとなし、更にこれを発酵して得られる
エタノールを液体燃料もしくは化学原料として利
用することが検討されている。然し、バイオマス
はセルロースの結晶構造やリグニン等の夾雑物の
ためにそのままでは糖化されにくい性質のもので
ある。そこで、バイオマスをボールミルやロール
ミル等で機械的に破砕する方法、アルカリ、カド
キセン等の化学薬剤による処理を施す方法、ある
いはアセトン、エタノール等の有機溶媒により処
理する方法等により前処理が行われている。一
方、このように前処理されたバイオマスをセルラ
ーゼ生産用基質として利用しようとすると、純セ
ルロースを基質に用いた場合に比べて充分なセル
ラーゼ生産性が得られないという欠点があつた。
このため、従来より純セルロースが基質として用
いられているが、この方法はセルラーゼ生産性は
高いものの、高価格であり、セルラーゼ生産コス
トの大部分を占めてしまうという難点があつた。 本発明者は、斯かる実状において、セルロース
系バイオマスのセルラーゼ生産用炭素源への応用
について鋭意研究を行つた結果、アルカリ処理し
たバガスを次亜塩素酸系化合物で処理すると、セ
ルラーゼの生産性が著しく向上し、かつセルラー
ゼを簡易かつ安価に製造できることを見出し、本
発明を完成した。 すなわち本発明は、微粉砕したバガスを苛性ア
ルカリで蒸煮した後。0.5〜20%の次亜塩素酸塩
溶液で処理することを特徴とするセルラーゼ生産
用基質の製造法を提供するものである。 本発明で使用されるバガスは、乾燥後、10メツ
シユ以下に粉砕して使用するのが好ましい。次い
で、微粉砕したバガスは苛性アルカリで蒸煮処理
を行なう。 本発明で使用される次亜塩素酸塩溶液として
は、例えばCa(ClO)2,NaClO,KClO等の次亜
塩素酸のアルカリ金属塩又はアルカリ土類金属塩
等の0.5〜20重量%(以下、単に%で示す)、好ま
しくは3〜5%水溶液が挙げられる。バイオマス
は、該水溶液中に2〜20%、好ましくは5〜10%
配合される。 本発明の製造法は、例えば次亜塩素酸系化合物
中にバイオマスを懸濁し、5〜50℃、好ましくは
20〜30℃で30分以上、好ましくは1〜3時間攪拌
処理を行なつたのち、液がPH7付近となるまで
充分水洗してからケーキを取することにより実
施される。 叙上の如く、本発明によればバイオマスを有効
に利用できるため安価に、しかも操作上の煩雑さ
もなく短時間にセルラーゼ生産用基質を製造する
ことができる。 次に実施例を挙げて本発明を説明する。 実施例 1 10メツシユ以下に粉砕したバガスを、1%
NaOH溶液中で120℃にて30分間蒸煮処理し、残
渣を取・水洗してアルカリ処理バガスを得た。
次いでこのアルカリ処理バガスを乾燥重量の10倍
量の水に懸濁し、次いでその3%相当量のCa
(ClO)2を加え、1時間室温にてときどき攪拌し
ながら処理した。その後水洗・過をくり返し、
洗浄後のPHが7前後となつた時点でケーキを回収
してアルカリ−次亜塩素酸処理バガスを得た。 斯くして得られたアルカリ処理バガス、アルカ
リ−次亜塩素酸処理バガス、及び原料バガスの成
分を分析した結果を第1表に示す。なお、分析結
果は乾燥試料中のセルロース含量、ヘミセルロー
ス含量及びリグニン含量を百分率で示した。
The present invention relates to a method for producing a substrate for cellulase (cellulose hydrolase) production, and more specifically, to treating bagasse, which is a cellulosic biomass resource (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as biomass), with caustic alkali and a hypochlorous acid compound. The present invention relates to a method for producing a substrate for cellulase production, characterized in that: In recent years, cellulosic biomass resources have been saccharified by enzymatic decomposition to produce glucose, its constituent unit.
The use of ethanol obtained by fermenting xylose as a liquid fuel or chemical raw material is being considered. However, biomass is difficult to be saccharified as it is due to the crystal structure of cellulose and impurities such as lignin. Therefore, pretreatment is performed by mechanically crushing biomass using a ball mill or roll mill, treating it with chemical agents such as alkali or cadoxene, or treating it with organic solvents such as acetone or ethanol. . On the other hand, when attempting to use biomass pretreated in this manner as a substrate for cellulase production, there was a drawback that sufficient cellulase productivity could not be obtained compared to when pure cellulose was used as a substrate.
For this reason, pure cellulose has conventionally been used as a substrate, but although this method has high cellulase productivity, it has the disadvantage that it is expensive and accounts for most of the cellulase production cost. Under these circumstances, the present inventor conducted extensive research on the application of cellulosic biomass as a carbon source for cellulase production, and found that when alkali-treated bagasse is treated with hypochlorous acid compounds, cellulase productivity increases. The present invention was completed based on the discovery that cellulase can be easily and inexpensively produced with marked improvement. That is, in the present invention, finely pulverized bagasse is cooked in caustic alkali. The present invention provides a method for producing a substrate for cellulase production, which is characterized in that it is treated with a 0.5-20% hypochlorite solution. The bagasse used in the present invention is preferably ground into 10 meshes or less after drying. Next, the finely ground bagasse is steamed with caustic alkali. The hypochlorite solution used in the present invention is, for example, 0.5 to 20% by weight (hereinafter referred to as (expressed simply in %), preferably a 3-5% aqueous solution. The amount of biomass in the aqueous solution is 2-20%, preferably 5-10%.
It is blended. In the production method of the present invention, for example, biomass is suspended in a hypochlorous acid compound, and the temperature is preferably 5 to 50°C.
After stirring at 20 to 30°C for 30 minutes or more, preferably 1 to 3 hours, the solution is thoroughly washed with water until the pH reaches around 7, and then the cake is removed. As described above, according to the present invention, since biomass can be used effectively, substrates for cellulase production can be produced at low cost and in a short time without any operational complexity. Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to Examples. Example 1 Bagasse crushed into 10 meshes or less is 1%
It was steamed in a NaOH solution at 120°C for 30 minutes, and the residue was collected and washed with water to obtain alkali-treated bagasse.
Next, this alkali-treated bagasse was suspended in 10 times its dry weight of water, and then an amount of Ca equivalent to 3% of the dry weight was suspended in water.
(ClO) 2 was added and treated for 1 hour at room temperature with occasional stirring. After that, repeat washing with water and filtering.
When the pH after washing reached around 7, the cake was collected to obtain alkali-hypochlorous acid treated bagasse. Table 1 shows the results of analyzing the components of the alkali-treated bagasse, alkali-hypochlorous acid-treated bagasse, and raw material bagasse thus obtained. In addition, the analysis results showed the cellulose content, hemicellulose content, and lignin content in the dry sample as a percentage.

【表】 第1表より、次亜塩素酸処理によつて原料バガ
ス中のヘミセルロース及びリグニンが著しく減少
していることが認められる。 次に原料バガス、アルカリ処理バガス及びアル
カリ−次亜塩素酸処理バガスを用いてセルラーゼ
の生産培養試験、及び糖化試験を行なつた。 〔セルラーゼの生産培養試験〕 下記組成の液体培地に公知のセルラーゼ生産菌
であるトリコデルマ・リーセイQM9414
(ATCC26921)を接種して28±1℃の温度で7日
間培養した。この培養液(以下、酵素液と称す
る)のセルラーゼ活性、カルボキシメチルセルロ
ース(CMC)分解活性、β−グルコシダーゼ活
性及び可溶性たんぱく量を下記方法により測定し
た。その結果を第2表に示す。 培地の組成: 炭素源 30g KH2PO4 4g (NH42SO4 4g 尿 素 1g ポリペプトン 0.2g CaCl2 0.3g MgSO4・7H2O 0.3g FeSO4・7H2O 5mg MnSO4・7H2O 1.6mg ZnSO4・7H2O 1.4mg CoCl2・6H2O 2.0mg Tween 80 1g蒸留水 1000mg PH 5.8 セルラーゼ活性: 酵素液の紙に対する分解力をもつてセルラー
ゼ活性(以下、FPAと称する)を評価した。す
なわち、紙(ワツトマンNo.1、1×6cm)50mg
を基質とし、これに酵素液0.5mlと0.05Mクエン
酸緩衝液(PH4.8)1.0mlを加え、50℃にて60分間
酵素反応を行なつた後、直ちにジニトロサリチル
酸試薬3.0mlを加え、100℃にて5分間加熱し発色
させる。次いで水16mlを加え、550nmの波長で比
色定量して還元力を求めた。FPA活性は、1分
間に1μmolのグルコースに相当する還元力を生成
する酵素活性を1単位とした。 CMC分解活性: CMCを1%濃度溶解した0.05Mクエン酸緩衝
液(PH4.8)0.5mlに酵素液0.5mlを加え50℃にて39
分間酵素反応を行つた後、以下FPA測定時と同
様の操作によりCMC活性を測定した。CMC分解
活性単位は、1分間に1μmolのグルコースに相当
する還元力にあたる酵素活性を1単位とした。 β−グルコシダーゼ活性: 5mMのパラニトロフエニルβ−Dグルコピラ
ノシド溶液0.5mlを基質とし、これに0.2M酢酸緩
衝液(PH5.0)を1.0ml及び酵素液0.1mlを加え、50
℃にて20分間酵素反応を行なつた後、生成したパ
ラニトロフエノールを400nmの波長で吸光度を測
定した。β−グルコシダーゼ活性は1分間に
1μmolのパラニトロフエノールを生成する酵素量
を1単位とした。 可溶性たんぱく量: 酵素液中の可溶性たんぱく量を、牛血清アルブ
ミンを標準とするローリー法により定量した。
[Table] From Table 1, it is recognized that the hemicellulose and lignin in the raw bagasse are significantly reduced by the hypochlorous acid treatment. Next, a cellulase production culture test and a saccharification test were conducted using the raw bagasse, alkali-treated bagasse, and alkali-hypochlorous acid-treated bagasse. [Cellulase production culture test] Trichoderma reesei QM9414, a known cellulase-producing bacterium, was added to a liquid medium with the following composition.
(ATCC26921) and cultured at a temperature of 28±1°C for 7 days. Cellulase activity, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) decomposition activity, β-glucosidase activity, and soluble protein amount of this culture solution (hereinafter referred to as enzyme solution) were measured by the following methods. The results are shown in Table 2. Composition of the medium: Carbon source 30g KH 2 PO 4 4g (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 4g Urea 1g Polypeptone 0.2g CaCl 2 0.3g MgSO 4・7H 2 O 0.3g FeSO 4・7H 2 O 5mg MnSO 4・7H 2 O 1.6mg ZnSO 4・7H 2 O 1.4mg CoCl 2・6H 2 O 2.0mg Tween 80 1g distilled water 1000mg PH 5.8 Cellulase activity: Cellulase activity (hereinafter referred to as FPA) is activated by the ability of the enzyme solution to decompose paper. evaluated. i.e. 50 mg of paper (Watmann No. 1, 1 x 6 cm)
was used as a substrate, 0.5 ml of enzyme solution and 1.0 ml of 0.05 M citrate buffer (PH4.8) were added to this, and the enzymatic reaction was carried out at 50°C for 60 minutes. Immediately, 3.0 ml of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent was added. Heat at 100℃ for 5 minutes to develop color. Next, 16 ml of water was added, and the reducing power was determined by colorimetric determination at a wavelength of 550 nm. One unit of FPA activity was the enzyme activity that generated reducing power equivalent to 1 μmol of glucose per minute. CMC decomposition activity: Add 0.5 ml of enzyme solution to 0.5 ml of 0.05 M citrate buffer (PH4.8) in which CMC was dissolved at 1% concentration and heat at 50°C for 30 minutes.
After carrying out the enzyme reaction for a minute, CMC activity was measured using the same procedure as in the FPA measurement. One unit of CMC decomposition activity was the enzyme activity equivalent to the reducing power equivalent to 1 μmol of glucose per minute. β-glucosidase activity: Use 0.5 ml of 5 mM paranitrophenyl β-D glucopyranoside solution as a substrate, add 1.0 ml of 0.2 M acetate buffer (PH 5.0) and 0.1 ml of enzyme solution,
After carrying out the enzymatic reaction at ℃ for 20 minutes, the absorbance of the produced paranitrophenol was measured at a wavelength of 400 nm. β-glucosidase activity per minute
The amount of enzyme that produced 1 μmol of paranitrophenol was defined as 1 unit. Amount of soluble protein: The amount of soluble protein in the enzyme solution was determined by the Lowry method using bovine serum albumin as a standard.

〔糖化試験〕[Saccharification test]

100ml容三角フラスコにアルカリ処理バガス又
はアルカリ‐次亜塩素酸処理バガスを乾燥重量に
して5g入れ、FPAが7.5U/mlの市販セルラーゼ
(セルラーゼ・アマノTAP−6)の0.05Mクエン
酸緩衝液溶液(PH4.8)50mlを加え、50℃にて48
時間、135ストロークの往復振とう機で攪拌しな
がら糖化反応を行ない、生成するグルコースを高
速液体クロマトグラフイーにて定量した。その結
果、アルカリ処理バガス及びアルカリ・次亜塩素
酸処理バガスの各基質5gからグルコースがそれ
ぞれ3.0g及び2.95gが生成した。 この結果から本発明による処理バガスはセルラ
ーゼ生成用基質として優れたものであり、糖化に
対してはアルカリ処理バガスと同等の効果を奏す
ることが明らかとなつた。 実施例 2 前記第2表に示す組成の液体培地において、炭
素源としてアルカリ処理バガス又はアルカリ・次
亜塩素酸処理バガスをセルロース濃度が3%とな
るように加えた以外は同組成の培地2.5を5
容発酵槽に入れ、これに公知のセルラーゼ生産菌
であり当出願人の保存するトリコデルマ属の変異
株No.627株の種培養液を4%添加し、PH4.0〜5.4
及び溶存酸素量を20〜50%となるように制御しな
がら28℃にて7日間培養してセルラーゼの生産性
を実施例1と同様にして調べた。その結果を第3
表に示す。
Place 5 g of alkali-treated bagasse or alkali-hypochlorous acid-treated bagasse (dry weight) in a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask, and add a 0.05 M citrate buffer solution of commercially available cellulase (Cellulase Amano TAP-6) with an FPA of 7.5 U/ml. (PH4.8) Add 50ml and 48℃ at 50℃
The saccharification reaction was carried out while stirring with a reciprocating shaker for 135 hours, and the produced glucose was quantified using high performance liquid chromatography. As a result, 3.0 g and 2.95 g of glucose were produced from 5 g of each substrate of alkali-treated bagasse and alkali/hypochlorous acid-treated bagasse, respectively. These results revealed that the bagasse treated according to the present invention is an excellent substrate for cellulase production, and has the same effect on saccharification as the bagasse treated with alkali. Example 2 In a liquid medium with the composition shown in Table 2 above, medium 2.5 with the same composition was used except that alkali-treated bagasse or alkali/hypochlorous acid-treated bagasse was added as a carbon source so that the cellulose concentration was 3%. 5
4% seed culture of Trichoderma mutant strain No. 627, which is a known cellulase-producing bacterium and preserved by the applicant, was added to the fermenter, and the pH was adjusted to 4.0 to 5.4.
The cells were cultured at 28° C. for 7 days while controlling the amount of dissolved oxygen to be 20 to 50%, and the productivity of cellulase was examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The result is the third
Shown in the table.

【表】 第3表により、アルカリ処理バガスに比べて本
発明による処理バガスの方がセルラーゼ生産性が
高いことがわかる。 更に、使用炭素源をセルロース濃度が5%とな
るように加えた以外は上記と同様にして培養を行
なつたところ第4表に示す結果を得た。
Table 3 shows that the bagasse treated according to the present invention has higher cellulase productivity than the bagasse treated with alkali. Furthermore, culture was carried out in the same manner as above except that the carbon source used was added so that the cellulose concentration was 5%, and the results shown in Table 4 were obtained.

【表】 第4表に示す如く、アルカリ処理バガスを基質
とした培養では菌の生育阻害によりセルラーゼが
ほとんど生産されないのに対し、本発明による処
理バガスでは何らの阻害を受けることなくセルラ
ーゼが生産され、本発明方法により製造されたセ
ルラーゼ生産用基質は優れた効果を奏する。 実施例 3 実施例1において、次亜塩素酸系化合物として
Ca(ClO)2の代りにNaClO又はKClOを使用して
アルカリ・次亜塩素酸バガスを得た。また、これ
とは別にアルカリ処理を施さずに原料バガスを
Ca(ClO)2,NaClO又はKClOだけで処理して次
亜塩素酸バガスを得た。これらについて実施例1
と同様にしてセルラーゼの生産性を調べた結果を
第5表に示す。
[Table] As shown in Table 4, in the culture using alkali-treated bagasse as a substrate, almost no cellulase is produced due to inhibition of bacterial growth, whereas in the bagasse treated according to the present invention, cellulase is produced without any inhibition. The substrate for cellulase production produced by the method of the present invention exhibits excellent effects. Example 3 In Example 1, as a hypochlorous acid compound
Alkaline hypochlorous acid bagasse was obtained using NaClO or KClO instead of Ca(ClO) 2 . Separately, raw bagasse can also be processed without alkali treatment.
Hypochlorous acid bagasse was obtained by treatment with only Ca(ClO) 2 , NaClO or KClO. Example 1 regarding these
Table 5 shows the results of examining cellulase productivity in the same manner as above.

【表】【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 微粉砕したバガスを苛性アルカリで蒸煮した
後、0.5〜20%の次亜塩素酸塩溶液で処理するこ
とを特徴とするセルラーゼ生産用基質の製造法。
1. A method for producing a substrate for cellulase production, which comprises cooking finely ground bagasse in caustic alkali and then treating it with a 0.5-20% hypochlorite solution.
JP10224684A 1984-05-21 1984-05-21 Preparation of substrate for producing cellulase Granted JPS60244287A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10224684A JPS60244287A (en) 1984-05-21 1984-05-21 Preparation of substrate for producing cellulase

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10224684A JPS60244287A (en) 1984-05-21 1984-05-21 Preparation of substrate for producing cellulase

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS60244287A JPS60244287A (en) 1985-12-04
JPH0533984B2 true JPH0533984B2 (en) 1993-05-20

Family

ID=14322250

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP10224684A Granted JPS60244287A (en) 1984-05-21 1984-05-21 Preparation of substrate for producing cellulase

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS60244287A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011021612A1 (en) 2009-08-21 2011-02-24 アサヒビール株式会社 Β-glucanase and xylanase preparation method using wheat bran, and liquid culture medium

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5058302A (en) * 1973-09-17 1975-05-21
JPS5076305A (en) * 1973-09-20 1975-06-23
JPS5381382A (en) * 1976-12-18 1978-07-18 Kiichirou Sarui Method for treating peattmoss
JPS5396386A (en) * 1977-01-29 1978-08-23 Stanford Research Inst Production of cellulase by thermophilic bacteria * thielavia terestris
JPS5639777A (en) * 1979-09-11 1981-04-15 Baiorisaac Center:Kk Preparation of cellulase-producing koji
JPS58155088A (en) * 1982-03-09 1983-09-14 Rikagaku Kenkyusho Novel cellulase and its preparation

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5058302A (en) * 1973-09-17 1975-05-21
JPS5076305A (en) * 1973-09-20 1975-06-23
JPS5381382A (en) * 1976-12-18 1978-07-18 Kiichirou Sarui Method for treating peattmoss
JPS5396386A (en) * 1977-01-29 1978-08-23 Stanford Research Inst Production of cellulase by thermophilic bacteria * thielavia terestris
JPS5639777A (en) * 1979-09-11 1981-04-15 Baiorisaac Center:Kk Preparation of cellulase-producing koji
JPS58155088A (en) * 1982-03-09 1983-09-14 Rikagaku Kenkyusho Novel cellulase and its preparation

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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WO2011021612A1 (en) 2009-08-21 2011-02-24 アサヒビール株式会社 Β-glucanase and xylanase preparation method using wheat bran, and liquid culture medium

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