JPH0462483B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0462483B2 JPH0462483B2 JP59112490A JP11249084A JPH0462483B2 JP H0462483 B2 JPH0462483 B2 JP H0462483B2 JP 59112490 A JP59112490 A JP 59112490A JP 11249084 A JP11249084 A JP 11249084A JP H0462483 B2 JPH0462483 B2 JP H0462483B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- constant current
- current source
- variable
- transistors
- temperature coefficient
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/08—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance
- H03B5/12—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
- H03B5/1206—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device using multiple transistors for amplification
- H03B5/1212—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device using multiple transistors for amplification the amplifier comprising a pair of transistors, wherein an output terminal of each being connected to an input terminal of the other, e.g. a cross coupled pair
- H03B5/1215—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device using multiple transistors for amplification the amplifier comprising a pair of transistors, wherein an output terminal of each being connected to an input terminal of the other, e.g. a cross coupled pair the current source or degeneration circuit being in common to both transistors of the pair, e.g. a cross-coupled long-tailed pair
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/08—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance
- H03B5/12—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
- H03B5/1231—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device the amplifier comprising one or more bipolar transistors
Landscapes
- Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の技術分野〕
この発明は、テレビジヨン受像機等の高周波回
路に使用される電圧制御発振回路（以下VCOと
称す）に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a voltage controlled oscillator circuit (hereinafter referred to as VCO) used in a high frequency circuit such as a television receiver.
一般に、VCOは特にPLL回路には不可欠であ
り、種々の形式が存在するが、テレビのIF帯域
（30〜60MHz）で用いる集積回路でのVCOは第１
図の形式が良く用いられる。図において、１，２
はエミツタが共通の第１、第２のトランジスタ、
５，６は該両トランジスタ１，２のコレクタ間に
接続されたコイル及びコンデンサで、両者は並列
共振回路１１を構成している。３，４はトランジ
スタ１，２のコレクタと電源端子１０間にそれぞ
れ接続された第１、第２の抵抗、７はトランジス
タ１，２の共通エミツタとアース間に接続された
定電流源、８は該定電流源７と並列に接続され制
御端子９電圧に応じて電流値を可変できる可変定
電流源である。
In general, VCOs are essential, especially for PLL circuits, and there are various forms, but VCOs in integrated circuits used in the TV IF band (30 to 60MHz) are the first type.
Diagram format is often used. In the figure, 1, 2
are the first and second transistors with common emitters,
5 and 6 are coils and capacitors connected between the collectors of both transistors 1 and 2, and both constitute a parallel resonant circuit 11. 3 and 4 are first and second resistors respectively connected between the collectors of transistors 1 and 2 and the power supply terminal 10; 7 is a constant current source connected between the common emitter of transistors 1 and 2 and ground; 8 is a constant current source connected between the common emitters of transistors 1 and 2 and the ground; This is a variable constant current source that is connected in parallel with the constant current source 7 and whose current value can be varied according to the voltage at the control terminal 9.
次に動作について説明する。トランジスタ１，
２は各々のベースがトランジスタ２，１のコレク
タにそれぞれ接続されているため、正帰還動作を
行ない、概ねコイル５、コンデンサ６で決まる共
振周波数で発振する。発振周波数はトランジスタ
１，２のエミツタからの吸込み電流を可変するこ
とにより制御できる。実際には、吸込み電流を可
変しトランジスタ１，２の飽和領域でのコレクタ
ーベース間容量を可変することにより発振周波数
を可変できるわけである。定電流源７は一定電流
I1を吸込み、可変定電流源８は制御端子９に加え
る電圧に応じて、その吸込み電流を０からI2まで
可変することができる。 Next, the operation will be explained. transistor 1,
Since the bases of transistors 2 and 1 are connected to the collectors of transistors 2 and 1, a positive feedback operation is performed, and the transistors oscillate at a resonant frequency approximately determined by the coil 5 and capacitor 6. The oscillation frequency can be controlled by varying the currents drawn from the emitters of transistors 1 and 2. In reality, the oscillation frequency can be varied by varying the sink current and varying the collector-base capacitance in the saturation region of transistors 1 and 2. Constant current source 7 is a constant current
The variable constant current source 8 can vary the current drawn from 0 to I2 according to the voltage applied to the control terminal 9.
一般に吸込み電流を大きくするとトランジスタ
１，２のコレクターベース間容量が増大し、発振
周波数は低くなるが、コレクターベース間容量は
温度に対して、正の温度係数を持つているため、
従来の電圧制御発振回路では可変領域の中心部で
温度特性がなくるように前記定電流源７，８に同
一の負の温度特性を持たせて発振周波数を補正す
るようにしていた。ところがこの従来回路におい
て発振周波数の可変範囲を大きくした場合、定電
流源のバイアス電流によつてコレクターベース間
容量の温度係数が変化するため、可変領域の端で
は温度特性が悪くなるという欠点があつた。 Generally, when the sinking current is increased, the collector-base capacitance of transistors 1 and 2 increases, and the oscillation frequency becomes lower. However, since the collector-base capacitance has a positive temperature coefficient with respect to temperature,
In the conventional voltage controlled oscillator circuit, the constant current sources 7 and 8 are given the same negative temperature characteristic to correct the oscillation frequency so that there is no temperature characteristic at the center of the variable region. However, when the variable range of the oscillation frequency is widened in this conventional circuit, the bias current of the constant current source changes the temperature coefficient of the capacitance between the collector and base, resulting in poor temperature characteristics at the edge of the variable range. Ta.
この発明は、上記のような従来のものの欠点を
除去するためになされたもので、VCOにおいて、
発振周波数を可変するための可変定電流源の温度
係数を、定電流源の温度係数と異なる、上記両定
電流源の合計電流の温度係数及びVCOの可変周
波数範囲により設定される所定の値とすることに
より、発振周波数の可変領域の全域にわつて温度
特性を少なくすることができる電圧制御発振回路
を提供せんとするものである。
This invention was made to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional ones as described above, and in VCO,
The temperature coefficient of the variable constant current source for varying the oscillation frequency is set to a predetermined value set by the temperature coefficient of the total current of both constant current sources and the variable frequency range of the VCO, which is different from the temperature coefficient of the constant current source. By doing so, it is an object of the present invention to provide a voltage controlled oscillation circuit that can reduce temperature characteristics over the entire variable range of oscillation frequency.
以下、この発明の一実施例を図について説明す
る。本発明の一実施例による電圧制御発振回路
は、回路的には従回路を示す第１図と同様に構成
されているが、可変定電流源８は定電流源７とは
異なる所定の温度係数を持つものである。
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The voltage controlled oscillator circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention has a circuit configuration similar to that shown in FIG. It is something that has.
第２図はf0，f1，f2の各一定周波数を発振する
ために定電流源７，８に流すべき合計電流を温度
に対して描いたものである。図において、周波数
f1〜f2が本電圧制御発振回路の周波数可変範囲で
あり、f1が最も周波数が高く、f2が最も低い。従
つてこでI1は定電流源７の電流、I2は可変定電流
源８の最大電流である。 FIG. 2 shows the total current that must be passed through the constant current sources 7 and 8 in order to oscillate each constant frequency of f0, f1, and f2 versus temperature. In the figure, the frequency
f1 to f2 is the frequency variable range of this voltage controlled oscillation circuit, where f1 has the highest frequency and f2 has the lowest frequency. Therefore, in the lever, I1 is the current of the constant current source 7, and I2 is the maximum current of the variable constant current source 8.
一般に、両定電流源７，８の合計電流を増大す
ると発振周波数の温度係数も大きくなる。集積回
路VCOにおいて、定電流源７の吸込み電流I1を
1mAとし、可変定電流源８の最大電流I2を1mA
とした場合、一例として前記定電流源７，８の合
計電流がI1（この場合可変定電流源８の電流は０）
のときに該合計電流の温度係数が−3400ppm、I1
＋I2のときに該合計電流の温度係数を−3800ppm
としたいという要求があるとすると、前記定電流
源７の温度係数が−3400ppmであるのに対し、前
記可変定電流源８の温度係数（これは該可変定電
流源８の定電流の値にかかわらず一定である）を
−｛3800（I1＋I2）−340I1）／I2ppmとすれば、発
振周波数の可変範囲の両端、即ちf1，f2での温度
特性はこれをキヤンセルすることができ、また、
可変範囲内のどの位置でもほぼ温度特性を補正す
ることができるものである。 Generally, as the total current of both constant current sources 7 and 8 increases, the temperature coefficient of the oscillation frequency also increases. In the integrated circuit VCO, the sink current I1 of the constant current source 7 is
1mA, and the maximum current I2 of variable constant current source 8 is 1mA.
In this case, as an example, the total current of the constant current sources 7 and 8 is I1 (in this case, the current of the variable constant current source 8 is 0)
When the temperature coefficient of the total current is -3400ppm, I1
When +I2, the temperature coefficient of the total current is -3800ppm
Assuming that there is a request for By setting −{3800 (I1 + I2) − 340 I1) / I 2 ppm, the temperature characteristics at both ends of the oscillation frequency variable range, that is, at f1 and f2, can cancel this, and ,
The temperature characteristics can be corrected at almost any position within the variable range.
前述の例で、吸込み電流I1，I2を共に1mAとす
ると前記可変定電流源８の温度係数は−4200ppm
となる。この定電流源７，８で異なる温度係数を
実現するには集積回路では拡散抵抗の種類を選択
するか、ダイオードのVBEの電流密度による変
化を利用するかすればよく、比較的容易に実現で
きるものである。 In the above example, if the sink currents I1 and I2 are both 1mA, the temperature coefficient of the variable constant current source 8 is -4200ppm.
becomes. In order to achieve different temperature coefficients for the constant current sources 7 and 8, it is only necessary to select the type of diffused resistor in the integrated circuit, or to utilize the change in VBE of the diode due to the current density, which is relatively easy to achieve. It is.
以上のように構成された、本実施例による
VCOを用いてPLL回路を構成し、テレビの映像
検波をする場合、IF信号の周波数が正規の中心
周波数からずれた場合でも、温度が変化すること
により、PLL回路のロツクが外れるといつたこ
とはなくなる。 According to this embodiment, configured as described above,
When configuring a PLL circuit using a VCO and performing video detection on a TV, even if the IF signal frequency deviates from the regular center frequency, the PLL circuit will lose lock due to temperature changes. will disappear.
なお上記実施例では、VCOを映像検波回路に
用いる場合について説明したが、本発明は周波数
変換に用いる局部発振回路などにも応用き、上記
実施例と同様の効果を奏する。 In the above embodiment, a case has been described in which a VCO is used in a video detection circuit, but the present invention can also be applied to a local oscillation circuit used for frequency conversion, and the same effects as in the above embodiment can be obtained.
以上のように本発明によれば、VCOにおいて、
発振周波数を可変するための可変定電流源の温度
係数を、定電流源の温度係数と異なる、上記両定
電流源の合計電流の温度係数及び、VCOの可変
周波数範囲により設定される所定の値とすること
により、発振周波数の可変領域両端での温度特性
がキヤンセルされ、どの発振周波数でも温度特性
の良好なVCOを構成することができる効果があ
る。
As described above, according to the present invention, in the VCO,
The temperature coefficient of the variable constant current source for varying the oscillation frequency is set to a predetermined value that is different from the temperature coefficient of the constant current source and is set by the temperature coefficient of the total current of both constant current sources and the variable frequency range of the VCO. By doing so, the temperature characteristics at both ends of the variable range of the oscillation frequency are canceled, and it is possible to construct a VCO with good temperature characteristics at any oscillation frequency.
第１図は従来及び本発明の一実施例による電圧
制御発振回路の回路図、第２図は第１図の回路の
吸込み電流の温度特性を示す図である。
１，２……第１、第２のトランジスタ、３，４
……第１、第２の抵抗、５，６……コイル、コン
デンサ、１１……並列共振回路、７，８……定電
流源、可変定電流源、９……制御端子、１０……
電源端子。
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a voltage controlled oscillator circuit according to a conventional example and an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the temperature characteristics of the sink current of the circuit of FIG. 1. 1, 2...first and second transistors, 3, 4
...First and second resistors, 5, 6... Coil, capacitor, 11... Parallel resonant circuit, 7, 8... Constant current source, variable constant current source, 9... Control terminal, 10...
Power terminal.
Claims (1)
が共通接続された第１、第２のトランジスタと、 該各トランジスタのコレクタと電源端子間に接
続された第１、第２の抵抗と、 前記両トランジスタのコレクタ間に接続された
並列共振回路と、 前記両トランジスタの共通エミツタと接地間に
接続された定電流源と、 該定電流源と並列接続され、下記の式により設
定される所定の温度係数を有し、制御電圧に応じ
て電流値を可変できる可変定電流源とを備え、 上記定電流源と上記可変定電流源との合計電流
の可変範囲において、発振周波数の温度特性を補
正できることを特徴とする電圧制御発振回路。 Ｂ＝−｛−Ａ（I1＋I2）＋Ｃ×I1｝／I2 I1：定電流源の電流 I2：可変定電流源の最大電流 Ａ：定電流源の電流と可変定電流源の最大電流
との合計電流の温度係数 Ｂ：可変定電流源の温度係数 Ｃ：定電流源と可変定電流源との合計電流がI1
のときの温度係数[Claims] 1: first and second transistors whose bases are connected to each other's collectors and whose emitters are commonly connected; and first and second resistors connected between the collectors of each transistor and a power supply terminal. a parallel resonant circuit connected between the collectors of both transistors; a constant current source connected between the common emitters of both transistors and ground; and a variable constant current source that has a predetermined temperature coefficient and whose current value can be varied according to the control voltage, and in a variable range of the total current of the constant current source and the variable constant current source, the temperature of the oscillation frequency A voltage controlled oscillator circuit characterized by being able to correct characteristics. B=-{-A(I1+I2)+C×I1}/I2 I1: Current of constant current source I2: Maximum current of variable constant current source A: Total current of constant current source current and maximum current of variable constant current source B: Temperature coefficient of variable constant current source C: Total current of constant current source and variable constant current source is I1
Temperature coefficient when
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59112490A JPS60254805A (en) | 1984-05-30 | 1984-05-30 | Voltage-controlled oscillation circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59112490A JPS60254805A (en) | 1984-05-30 | 1984-05-30 | Voltage-controlled oscillation circuit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60254805A JPS60254805A (en) | 1985-12-16 |
| JPH0462483B2 true JPH0462483B2 (en) | 1992-10-06 |
Family
ID=14587947
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59112490A Granted JPS60254805A (en) | 1984-05-30 | 1984-05-30 | Voltage-controlled oscillation circuit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60254805A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007166559A (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2007-06-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Voltage-controlled oscillator, pll circuit, signal processing circuit and tuner pack |
| JP2012253561A (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2012-12-20 | Handotai Rikougaku Kenkyu Center:Kk | Voltage-controlled oscillator |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3963996A (en) * | 1974-09-05 | 1976-06-15 | Zenith Radio Corporation | Oscillation system for integrated circuit |
| JPS58210701A (en) * | 1982-05-31 | 1983-12-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Voltage controlled oscillator |
-
1984
- 1984-05-30 JP JP59112490A patent/JPS60254805A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3963996A (en) * | 1974-09-05 | 1976-06-15 | Zenith Radio Corporation | Oscillation system for integrated circuit |
| JPS58210701A (en) * | 1982-05-31 | 1983-12-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Voltage controlled oscillator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60254805A (en) | 1985-12-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |