JPH04515B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH04515B2 JPH04515B2 JP62230910A JP23091087A JPH04515B2 JP H04515 B2 JPH04515 B2 JP H04515B2 JP 62230910 A JP62230910 A JP 62230910A JP 23091087 A JP23091087 A JP 23091087A JP H04515 B2 JPH04515 B2 JP H04515B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- compounds
- organic
- adsorbed
- oil
- organic bentonite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 43
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 description 38
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000005069 Extreme pressure additive Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 10
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 trimethyloctadecylammonium-stearamide Chemical compound 0.000 description 7
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- OGQYPPBGSLZBEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl(dioctadecyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC OGQYPPBGSLZBEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMKLTEGSALONPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrazinane-3,6-dione Chemical compound O=C1NNC(=O)NN1 XMKLTEGSALONPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940114072 12-hydroxystearic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003868 ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPLIHVCWSXLMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium 12-hydroxystearate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O FPLIHVCWSXLMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004045 organic chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002903 organophosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVTPMUHPCAUGCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCOP(O)(O)=O NVTPMUHPCAUGCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013636 polyphenyl ether polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940037312 stearamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PDSVZUAJOIQXRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(octadecyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C PDSVZUAJOIQXRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
＜産業上の利用分野＞
本発明はモノアルキルベンジルトリアルキルア
ンモニウム系化合物、ジメチルアルキルベンジル
アンモニウム系化合物、トリメチルモノアルキル
アンモニウム系化合物からなる群の少なくとも１
種を吸着させた有機ベントナイトを、油性向上剤
もしくは極圧添加剤として使用した潤滑グリース
の製造方法に関するものである。
＜従来の技術とその問題点＞
近年、コンベアローラ用のベアリング、冷蔵
庫、空調機などの冷媒圧縮機、自動車用エンジン
等では省エネルギーの目的で潤滑剤の粘性抵抗に
よるロス軽減の努力が払われるようになり必然的
に使用するベース油の低粘度化が押し進められて
きている。
しかしながらベース油の低粘度化が進みすぎる
と軸受部での油膜破断が生じ当初の良好な潤滑性
が維持できず金属同志の直接接触が起こり接触面
は著しい損傷を受けることがある。これは焼付き
と呼ばれる現象でこの焼付きは摩擦面全体に及び
機器の正常な稼動を不可能にすることが多い。油
性向上剤、極圧添加剤はこのような場合に摩擦、
摩耗を減少させ上述の焼付きを防止する役割を有
する。
油性向上剤としては古くからオレイン酸、ステ
アリン酸などの高級脂肪酸（FP689289、
BP4120101）あるいはオレイルアルコールなどの
高級アルコール類（USP1935588、1967255、
2066328、1926687）エステル類（BP412101、
USP1967255、2066328）などが用いられてきた。
油性向上剤は金属表面へ吸着することによつて摩
擦係数を低下させるもので比較的低温において有
効に作用する。
ところが、これらのものは高温になると金属表
面から脱着して油性向上剤としての効果を失なつ
てしまう。たとえばステアリン酸と鉄の摩擦では
約120℃以上になると摩擦係数は急上昇してしま
う。
さらに高荷重になると耐摩耗性を向上させるた
めに有機イオウ化合物、有機塩素化合物、有機リ
ン化合物で代表される極圧添加剤が使用される
が、これらの化合物は摩擦金属面と反応して金属
硫化物、塩化物、リン化合物などを生成して摩
擦、摩耗を減少しさらに耐荷重性を増加する。こ
の様な極圧添加剤としてトリクレジルフオスフエ
ートやモノアミルフオスフエート等のりん系化合
物（USP3097171）、オレフインポリサルフアイ
ド等のイオウ系化合物（USP2322209、3013969、
3396110）塩素化パラフインなどの塩素系化合物
（USP2830024、3297574、3372119）等がよく知
られているがいずれも化合物としての熱安定性が
十分ではなく、これらの化合物の分解によりグリ
ース構造面への悪影響を及ぼしたり、分解による
悪臭、金属面の腐食をもたらす等の多くの欠点が
みられた。
これらの化合物の内イオウ系添加剤の中には耐
熱性にすぐれたものもあるが金属面との反応温度
が約300℃以上と高くこれ以下の温度では反応せ
ず極圧添加剤としての効力を発揮しえない。
このような欠点を是正する目的で油性向上剤と
極圧添加剤とを組み合せ比較的低い温度では油性
向上剤の効果を期待しそれ以上の温度では極圧添
加剤を働かせる等の工夫がなされてきたが、分解
生成物の影響により、その効果がでずかえつて酸
化安定性等の性状を悪化させてしまう等の弊害が
生じてしまう結果となる。
従来、有機ベントナイトは潤滑グリースの増稠
剤としてかなり以前から使用されてきた。その潤
滑グリースの製法は有機ベントナイトを鉱油及び
合成油等の基油に分散した後、メタノール等の極
性溶剤を添加し、これをよく撹拌、混合する事に
よりボウ潤を促進させる。しかる後に加熱して極
性溶剤を除去する事により目的とする潤滑グリー
スを得る方法が一般にとられている。
このようにして調整された潤滑グリースは化学
的、熱的に安定で滴点が300℃以上あるために耐
熱グリースとして広く使用されてきている。しか
しながら、上記従来の有機ベントナイトを使用し
た潤滑グリースは、当該有機ベントナイトが増ち
よう剤としてのみ使用されてきたものであつて、
近年問題とされている低粘度化に対応することは
できないものであつた。
すなわち従来は、有機ベントナイトを鉱油及び
合成油等の基油に分散した後、メタノール等の極
性溶剤を添加し、これをよく撹拌、混合する事に
よりボウ潤を促進させ、しかる後に加熱して極性
溶剤を除去することにより潤滑グリースの増ちよ
う剤としての効果を得たものであつて、潤滑グリ
ースの低粘度化には対応できないものであつた。
本発明者は、これら従来の問題点を解決すべく
鋭意研究し各種の系統的実験を重ねた結果、有機
ベントナイトのうち、モノアルキルベンジルトリ
アルキルアンモニウム系化合物、ジメチルアルキ
ルベンジルアンモニウム系化合物、トリメチルモ
ノアルキルアンモニウム系化合物からなる群の少
なくとも１種を吸着させた有機ベントナイト粉末
自身のみがもつ油性向上剤もしくは極圧添加剤と
しての効果をみいだした。従来の方法すなわち、
基油に分散した後、メタノール等の極性溶剤を添
加し、これをよく撹拌、混合する事によりボウ潤
を促進させ、しかる後に加熱して極性溶剤を除去
して潤滑グリースの増ちよう剤としての効果を得
るのではなく、芳香族系化合物を吸着させた有機
ベントナイトを各種グリースを添加し混合するこ
とにより、常温から高温まで有効な境界潤滑特性
を有し、摩擦力の低下をもたらす優位な潤滑グリ
ースを得る事に成功し、本発明を成すに至つたも
のである。
＜発明の目的＞
化学的及び熱的に安定であるモノアルキルベン
ジルトリアルキルアンモニウム系化合物、ジメチ
ルアルキルベンジルアンモニウム系化合物、トリ
メチルモノアルキルアンモニウム系化合物からな
る群の少なくとも１種を吸着させた有機ベントナ
イト粉末を油性向上剤もしくは極圧添加剤とし
て、各種石けん基グリース及び各種コンプレツク
ス石けん、非石けん基、ウレア系グリース等の潤
滑グリース類に添加する事により、油性向上を図
り、摩擦力の低い潤滑剤を得、これらをローラー
ベアリング等に使用した場合摩擦抵抗のより低い
効果をもたらし、回転抵抗にともなうロスをでき
るかぎり軽減する事による省エネ効果とより良好
な潤滑状況をもたらす優位なモノアルキルベンジ
ルトリアルキルアンモニウム系化合物、ジメチル
アルキルベンジルアンモニウム系化合物、トリメ
チルモノアルキルアンモニウム系化合物からなる
群の少なくとも１種をを吸着させた有機ベントナ
イトを使用した潤滑グリースを提供することを目
的とする。
＜発明の構成＞
上記従来の問題点を解決し、発明の目的を達成
するため、本発明に係る潤滑グリースの製造方法
は次のように構成したことを特徴とする。すなわ
ち、鉱油及び合成油をベースにした潤滑グリース
に、極性分散剤の不存在下においてモノアルキル
ベンジルトリアルキルアンモニウム系化合物、ジ
メチルアルキルベンジルアンモニウム系化合物、
トリメチルモノアルキルアンモニウム系化合物か
らなる群の少なくとも１種を吸着させた有機ベン
トナイト粉末を0.1〜50重量％になるように添加
し、混合してなることを特徴とする。
本発明に使用するベントナイトは、天然に産出
する一種のコロイド状粘土でモンモリロナイトの
ようなフエロケイ酸塩（層状ケイ酸塩）である。
このベントナイトをカチオン界面活性剤で処理
するとモンモリロナイトの結晶層間に有機分子が
吸着され、極性分散剤の存在下において有機液体
中でよく膨潤する親油性の有機ベントナイトが得
られる。
有機ベントナイトの重要な組成の１つであるベ
ントナイトの構造は結晶水の多い複雑なケイ酸塩
であつてイオンの配列層が平行に積み重なつた構
造をなしている。
２枚のSiの４面体層が頂点方向を向い合わせて
平行に配列しており、その間に出来る層状部分に
Alの８面体層が介在する。このような三層構造
をなしている２枚のケイ酸塩が平行に配列すると
その間に層間位置ができ、この間にアルカリ金
属、アルカリ土類金属水分子の層がはさまれてい
る。このモンモリロナイトの層間位置を占める金
属イオンとケイ酸塩の結合力が比較的弱いのでカ
チオン界面活性剤である第４級アンモニウム塩と
イオン交換反応をさせる事によつて親水性から親
油性に転換しいわゆる有機ベントナイトとして有
用なものとなる。
本発明においては、吸着させる有機物はモノア
ルキルベンジルトリアルキルアンモニウム系化合
物、ジメチルアルキルベンジルアンモニウム系化
合物、トリメチルモノアルキルアンモニウム系化
合物からなる群の少なくとも１種でなければなら
ない。このような化合物を吸着させた有機ベント
ナイト粉末は極性分散剤の不存在下において油性
向上剤もしくは極圧添加剤として有効に作用す
る。
ところが、上記モノアルキルベンジルトリアル
キルアンモニウム系化合物、ジメチルアルキルベ
ンジルアンモニウム系化合物、トリメチルモノア
ルキルアンモニウム系化合物からなる群以外の化
合物を吸着させた有機ベントナイト粉末は極性分
散剤の不存在下においても油性向上剤もしくは極
圧添加剤として有効でない。例を挙げれば、ジメ
チルジオクタデシルアンモニウム、トリメチルオ
クタデシルアンモニウム・ステアリン酸アミド複
合物等を挙げることができる。
上記のように、モノアルキルベンジルトリアル
キルアンモニウム系化合物、ジメチルアルキルベ
ンジルアンモニウム系化合物、トリメチルモノア
ルキルアンモニウム系化合物からなる群の少なく
とも１種を吸着させた有機ベントナイトが極性分
散剤の不存在下においてかかる油性向上剤もしく
は極圧添加剤的効果をもたらすメカニズムについ
ては未だかならずしも明らかでないが、金属と接
触する環境下で比較的高荷重の条件下ではベント
ナイトの結晶層間に吸着していた有機アミン類が
金属表面の極性基と結びつきその表面に緻密な単
分子膜を形成し低い摩擦係数を与え、極性分散剤
の不存在下において油性向上剤もしくは極圧添加
剤的効果をもたらすものと考えられる。
なお、実験の結果によれば、ジメチルアルキル
ベンジルアンモニウムを吸着させた有機ベントナ
イトは極性分散剤の不存在下において油性向上剤
もしくは極圧添加剤として有効であるが、これを
従来の増稠剤として極性分散剤の存在下において
使用するとその増稠効果は弱く、量をふやさなけ
れば増稠効果を得ることができない。一般に増稠
効果の少ないものが油性向上剤もしくは極圧添加
剤として有効である傾向がある。
極性分散剤としては、水、アセトン、プロピレ
ンカーボネート、エチルアルコール、ベンジルア
ルコール、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリオキシ
エチレン・オキシプロピレングリコールモノアル
キルエーテル等を挙げることができる。油性剤は
脂肪酸、エステル、アルコールなとが金属表面に
吸着することによつて摩擦係数を低下させるもの
で比較的低温において有効に作用する。多くの油
性剤は長い炭化水素基と極性基からなり炭化水素
セグメントは潤滑油分子と似ているためにそれに
溶解し極性基が金属がもつ極性表面に吸着して密
な単分子膜を構成し金属表面の表面エネルギーを
著しく低下させ又薄膜間のせん断応力を減少させ
る。
したがつて金属間のすべりに対し低い摩擦係数
を与える。この場合より密な薄膜を構成する分子
ほど又同じ分子鎖長のものでは化学吸着しうる可
能性のある分子ほど油膜の強度は大きいといわれ
ている。極性基としては一般に脂肪酸、アミンの
吸着力が大きくアルコール、エステルの吸着力は
比較的小さいといわれている。
有機ベントナイトは前述したようにその結晶層
間に有機アミン類を吸着させたものであるが、熱
に対してはベントナイトのもつ特性により安定性
を保持するが、金属と接触する環境下で比較的高
荷重の条件下では結晶層間に吸着していた有機ア
ミン類が金属表面の極性基と結びつきその表面に
緻密な単分子膜を形成し低い摩擦係数を与えるも
のと考えられる。したがつてこの効果は吸着され
る有機アミン類の種類によつて大きくことなる。
本発明の組成物に使用される基油には、従来か
ら潤滑油に使用されている公知の潤滑性粘度を有
する油をいずれも使用可能である。鉱油系潤滑油
としては石油鉱油、例えば必要な油の性質を得る
ために原油を蒸留して得られる潤滑油留分を任意
の精製処理により精製した石油系鉱油がある。合
成油としてはジオクチルセバナートのようなジエ
ステル類、脂肪族モノカルボン酸のペンタエリス
リトールエステルのようなテトラエステル等のエ
ステル油やポリα−オレフイン等のポリオレフイ
ン油、ポリフエニルエーテル油、シリコーン油、
ハロゲン化炭化水素油、アルキルベンゼン油など
が例示できる。
本発明の組成物に使用される各種グリースの増
稠剤として従来公知の金属石けん、無機増稠剤、
有機増稠剤等を広く使用できる。
上記金属石けんに適用される金属としてナトリ
ウム、カリウム、カルシウム、バリウム、ストロ
ンチウム、アルミニウム、リチウムなどがあげら
れ、該石けんの脂肪酸部分は各種の脂肪酸又は脂
肪酸混合物でよく更に脂肪酸と他の酸、例えば酢
酸、安息香酸、ホウ酸、ジカルボン酸、サリチル
酸などを組み合せたいわゆる複合石ケンタイプで
もよい。
上記脂肪酸は一般には動物油脂、植物油、ワツ
クス等に含まれるエステルあるいは人工的に作つ
た鎖状の脂肪酸類である。かかる脂肪酸の代表例
としては例えばミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ス
テアリン酸等の飽和脂肪酸、オレイン酸等の不飽
和脂肪酸、12−ヒドロキシステアリン酸等の置換
基を有する脂肪酸を例示できる。
無機増稠剤としては具体的には粘土、ベントナ
イト、コロイドシリカ、シリカエアロゲルアルミ
ナ、黒鉛、雲母、タルク、クレー、ケイソウ土な
どがあげられる。
また有機増稠剤としては一般にウレア系増稠剤
があげられる。その代表例としては、本出願人が
既に取得した特許第1272824号（特公昭58−11920
号）のウレアグリースの他、ジウレアグリース
（USP2710889、USP2710840、USP2710841）や
テトラウレアグリース（特公昭39−3114号）等を
例示できる。他のポリウレア系増稠剤としては例
えばイソシアネートとアミンとを溶剤又は基油中
で反応させて得られる反応生成物を挙げることが
でき基油中で反応させて得られる反応生成物は基
油に均一に分散しており、そのままでポリウレア
グリースとして用いられる。
更に他の有機増稠剤としてはインダスレン、フ
タロシアニン、アメリンなどがあげられる。
更に本発明の潤滑組成物には必要に応じて通常
添加され得る各種の酸化防止剤、極圧添加剤、防
錆剤等を適宜配合添加できる。
＜実施例＞
以下に本発明の具体的な実施例を挙げて説明す
る。
本発明に係る潤滑グリースを得る代表的な製造
方法を示すと以下のようになる。
まず一般に使用されている各種グリース（極性
分散剤不存在のもの）を用意し、これに室温時及
び170℃以下の加温時に、モノアルキルベンジル
トリアルキルアンモニウム系化合物、ジメチルア
ルキルベンジルアンモニウム系化合物、トリメチ
ルモノアルキルアンモニウム系化合物からなる群
の少なくとも１種を吸着させた有機ベントナイト
を粉末のまま、もしくは鉱油及び合成油等のベー
ス油によく分散した状態のもの等を添加し、十分
に混合する。混合に際してはロールミル、コロイ
ドミル、ミキサー、混練装置等を用いて有機ベン
トナイト粉末がグリース中によく分散するように
する方法をとるとさらに有効である。
さらに、この潤滑グリースに適宜酸化防止剤、
防錆剤、極圧剤等の各種添加剤を加える事も有効
である。
シツクナーとして12ヒドロキシステアリン酸リ
チウムを用いた基油に100℃で11.1cstの粘度をも
つ鉱油を使用したリチウム石けん基グリースをベ
ースグリースとして用意する。
次にこのグリースに一般に市販されている各種
有機ベントナイト粉末を各々５重量％室温時に添
加しよく分散するよう撹拌した後３段ロールにか
け均質化させた。得られたグリース組成物の性質
は第１表、第２表の通りである。
ここで、モノアルキルベンジルトリアルキルア
ンモニウム系化合物、ジメチルアルキルベンジル
アンモニウム系化合物、トリメチルモノアルキル
アンモニウム系化合物からなる群の少なくとも１
種を吸着させた有機ベントナイトとしては、
パラゲール（商標）：ナシヨナルレツドコーポ
レーシヨン製造の有機ベントナイトで、モノアル
キルベンジルトリアルキルアンモニウムを吸着さ
せた有機ベントナイト（実施例１）、
オルガナイト（商標）：日本有機粘土株式会社
製造の有機ベントナイトで、ジメチルアルキルベ
ンジルアンモニウムを吸着させた有機ベントナイ
ト（実施例２）、
エスベンＥ（商標）：日本有機粘土株式会社製造
の有機ベントナイトで、トリメチルモノアルキル
アンモニウムを吸着させた有機ベントナイト（実
施例３〜７）、
比較例として他の化合物を吸着させた有機ベン
トナイトとしては、
ベントン34（商標）：ナシヨナルレツドコーポレ
ーシヨン製造の有機ベントナイトで、ジメチルジ
オクタデシルアンモニウムを吸着させた有機ベン
トナイト（比較例１）、
オルベン（商標）：白石カルシウム株式会社製
造の有機ベントナイトで、トリメチルオクタデシ
ルアンモニウム・ステアリン酸アミド複合物を吸
着させた有機ベントナイト（比較例２）を挙げ
た。
また比較例として、塩素化パラフインを添加し
たもの（比較例３）を挙げた。
<Industrial Application Field> The present invention is directed to at least one of the group consisting of monoalkylbenzyltrialkylammonium compounds, dimethylalkylbenzylammonium compounds, and trimethylmonoalkylammonium compounds.
The present invention relates to a method for producing lubricating grease using organic bentonite with adsorbed seeds as an oiliness improver or extreme pressure additive. <Conventional technology and its problems> In recent years, efforts have been made to reduce loss due to viscous resistance of lubricants in bearings for conveyor rollers, refrigerant compressors for refrigerators, air conditioners, and automobile engines in order to save energy. As a result, the viscosity of the base oil used has inevitably been reduced. However, if the viscosity of the base oil is reduced too much, the oil film breaks at the bearing, making it impossible to maintain the initial good lubricity, resulting in direct metal-to-metal contact, which can result in significant damage to the contact surfaces. This is a phenomenon called seizure, and this seizure often affects the entire friction surface and makes it impossible for the equipment to operate normally. Oiliness improvers and extreme pressure additives are used to reduce friction and
It has the role of reducing wear and preventing the above-mentioned seizure. Higher fatty acids such as oleic acid and stearic acid (FP689289,
BP4120101) or higher alcohols such as oleyl alcohol (USP1935588, 1967255,
2066328, 1926687) Esters (BP412101,
USP1967255, 2066328) etc. have been used.
Oiliness improvers reduce the coefficient of friction by adsorbing onto metal surfaces, and are effective at relatively low temperatures. However, at high temperatures, these substances desorb from the metal surface and lose their effectiveness as oiliness improvers. For example, in the case of friction between stearic acid and iron, the coefficient of friction increases rapidly at temperatures above about 120°C. At higher loads, extreme pressure additives such as organic sulfur compounds, organic chlorine compounds, and organic phosphorus compounds are used to improve wear resistance, but these compounds react with the frictional metal surface and cause metal damage. Generates sulfides, chlorides, phosphorus compounds, etc. to reduce friction and wear and increase load carrying capacity. Such extreme pressure additives include phosphorus compounds such as tricresyl phosphate and monoamyl phosphate (USP 3097171), sulfur compounds such as olefin polysulfide (USP 2322209, 3013969,
3396110) Chlorinated paraffin and other chlorinated compounds (USP2830024, 3297574, 3372119) are well known, but none of them have sufficient thermal stability as a compound, and the decomposition of these compounds can have an adverse effect on the grease structure. Many disadvantages were observed, such as the decomposition of the metal causing a bad odor and corrosion of metal surfaces. Among these compounds, some of the sulfur-based additives have excellent heat resistance, but their reaction temperature with metal surfaces is high, approximately 300°C or higher, and they do not react at temperatures below this, making them less effective as extreme pressure additives. I can't demonstrate my abilities. In order to correct these drawbacks, efforts have been made to combine oiliness improvers and extreme pressure additives, expecting the effect of the oiliness improver at relatively low temperatures, and allowing the extreme pressure additives to work at higher temperatures. However, due to the influence of the decomposition products, this effect is outweighed, resulting in adverse effects such as deterioration of properties such as oxidation stability. Traditionally, organic bentonites have been used as thickeners in lubricating greases for a long time. The lubricating grease is manufactured by dispersing organic bentonite in a base oil such as mineral oil or synthetic oil, adding a polar solvent such as methanol, and stirring and mixing the mixture thoroughly to promote moisture. Generally, the desired lubricating grease is obtained by subsequently heating to remove the polar solvent. The lubricating grease prepared in this way is chemically and thermally stable and has a dropping point of 300°C or higher, so it has been widely used as a heat-resistant grease. However, in the conventional lubricating grease using organic bentonite, the organic bentonite has been used only as an increasing agent.
It was not possible to respond to the problem of lower viscosity, which has been a problem in recent years. That is, conventionally, after dispersing organic bentonite in a base oil such as mineral oil or synthetic oil, a polar solvent such as methanol is added, and this is thoroughly stirred and mixed to promote moisture retention, and then heated to polarize. By removing the solvent, the effect as a thickening agent for lubricating grease was obtained, and it was not possible to reduce the viscosity of lubricating grease. As a result of intensive research and various systematic experiments in order to solve these conventional problems, the present inventor discovered that, among organic bentonites, monoalkylbenzyltrialkylammonium compounds, dimethylalkylbenzylammonium compounds, trimethylmonobenzene compounds, etc. It has been discovered that organic bentonite powder itself, on which at least one member of the group consisting of alkylammonium compounds has been adsorbed, has an effect as an oiliness improver or an extreme pressure additive. The conventional method, i.e.
After being dispersed in base oil, a polar solvent such as methanol is added, and this is stirred and mixed well to promote moisture retention, and then heated to remove the polar solvent and used as a lubricating grease increasing agent. By adding various types of grease to organic bentonite with aromatic compounds adsorbed on it and mixing it, it has boundary lubrication properties that are effective from room temperature to high temperatures, resulting in an advantageous effect that reduces frictional force. They were able to successfully obtain lubricating grease, leading to the present invention. <Object of the invention> Organic bentonite powder adsorbed with at least one member of the group consisting of chemically and thermally stable monoalkylbenzyltrialkylammonium compounds, dimethylalkylbenzylammonium compounds, and trimethylmonoalkylammonium compounds. By adding it as an oiliness improver or extreme pressure additive to lubricating greases such as various soap-based greases, complex soaps, non-soap bases, urea-based greases, etc., it is possible to improve oiliness and create a lubricant with low frictional force. An advantageous monoalkylbenzyltrialkyl compound that provides lower frictional resistance when used in roller bearings, energy saving effects, and better lubrication by reducing loss due to rotational resistance as much as possible. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lubricating grease using organic bentonite adsorbed with at least one member of the group consisting of ammonium compounds, dimethylalkylbenzylammonium compounds, and trimethylmonoalkylammonium compounds. <Structure of the Invention> In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems and achieve the object of the invention, the method for producing lubricating grease according to the present invention is characterized by having the following structure. That is, monoalkylbenzyltrialkylammonium compounds, dimethylalkylbenzylammonium compounds,
It is characterized in that organic bentonite powder adsorbed with at least one member of the group consisting of trimethylmonoalkylammonium compounds is added and mixed in an amount of 0.1 to 50% by weight. Bentonite used in the present invention is a type of naturally occurring colloidal clay, and is a ferrosilicate (layered silicate) such as montmorillonite. When this bentonite is treated with a cationic surfactant, organic molecules are adsorbed between the crystal layers of montmorillonite, resulting in a lipophilic organic bentonite that swells well in an organic liquid in the presence of a polar dispersant. The structure of bentonite, which is one of the important compositions of organic bentonite, is a complex silicate containing a lot of crystal water, and has a structure in which aligned layers of ions are stacked in parallel. Two Si tetrahedral layers are arranged in parallel with their vertices facing each other, and the layered part formed between them is
An octahedral layer of Al is interposed. When two silicates having such a three-layer structure are arranged in parallel, an interlayer is formed between them, and a layer of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal water molecules is sandwiched between them. Since the bond between the metal ions occupying the interlayer positions of montmorillonite and the silicate is relatively weak, hydrophilicity can be converted to lipophilicity by an ion exchange reaction with a quaternary ammonium salt, which is a cationic surfactant. It is useful as so-called organic bentonite. In the present invention, the organic substance to be adsorbed must be at least one member of the group consisting of monoalkylbenzyltrialkylammonium compounds, dimethylalkylbenzylammonium compounds, and trimethylmonoalkylammonium compounds. Organic bentonite powder adsorbed with such compounds acts effectively as an oiliness improver or an extreme pressure additive in the absence of a polar dispersant. However, organic bentonite powder adsorbed with compounds other than the group consisting of monoalkylbenzyltrialkylammonium compounds, dimethylalkylbenzylammonium compounds, and trimethylmonoalkylammonium compounds improves oiliness even in the absence of polar dispersants. Not effective as an additive or extreme pressure additive. Examples include dimethyldioctadecylammonium, trimethyloctadecylammonium-stearamide complex, and the like. As described above, organic bentonite adsorbed with at least one member of the group consisting of monoalkylbenzyltrialkylammonium compounds, dimethylalkylbenzylammonium compounds, and trimethylmonoalkylammonium compounds is produced in the absence of a polar dispersant. The mechanism that produces the effect of an oiliness improver or an extreme pressure additive is still not clear, but under relatively high load conditions in an environment in which it comes into contact with metals, organic amines adsorbed between the crystal layers of bentonite can react with metals. It is thought that it combines with the polar groups on the surface to form a dense monomolecular film on the surface, giving it a low coefficient of friction, and that it has the effect of an oiliness improver or an extreme pressure additive in the absence of a polar dispersant. According to the experimental results, organic bentonite adsorbed with dimethylalkylbenzylammonium is effective as an oiliness improver or extreme pressure additive in the absence of a polar dispersant. When used in the presence of a polar dispersant, its thickening effect is weak, and the thickening effect cannot be obtained unless the amount is increased. In general, those with less thickening effect tend to be effective as oiliness improvers or extreme pressure additives. Examples of the polar dispersant include water, acetone, propylene carbonate, ethyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, and polyoxyethylene/oxypropylene glycol monoalkyl ether. Oil-based agents reduce the coefficient of friction by adsorbing fatty acids, esters, alcohols, etc. on the metal surface, and are effective at relatively low temperatures. Many oily agents consist of long hydrocarbon groups and polar groups.The hydrocarbon segments are similar to lubricating oil molecules, so they dissolve in them, and the polar groups adsorb to the polar surfaces of metals, forming a dense monomolecular film. It significantly lowers the surface energy of the metal surface and reduces the shear stress between thin films. Therefore, it provides a low coefficient of friction against sliding between metals. In this case, it is said that the strength of the oil film is greater for molecules that form a denser thin film, and for molecules with the same molecular chain length that are more likely to be chemically adsorbed. As polar groups, it is generally said that the adsorption power of fatty acids and amines is large, and the adsorption power of alcohols and esters is relatively small. As mentioned above, organic bentonite has organic amines adsorbed between its crystal layers, and although it maintains stability against heat due to bentonite's properties, it is relatively stable in an environment where it comes into contact with metals. It is thought that under load conditions, the organic amines adsorbed between the crystal layers combine with the polar groups on the metal surface to form a dense monomolecular film on the surface, giving a low coefficient of friction. Therefore, this effect varies greatly depending on the type of organic amines to be adsorbed. As the base oil used in the composition of the present invention, any oil having a known lubricating viscosity that has been conventionally used in lubricating oils can be used. Examples of mineral oil-based lubricating oils include petroleum mineral oils, such as petroleum-based mineral oils obtained by refining a lubricating oil fraction obtained by distilling crude oil through an arbitrary refining process in order to obtain necessary oil properties. Examples of synthetic oils include diesters such as dioctyl sebanate, ester oils such as tetraesters such as pentaerythritol ester of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, polyolefin oils such as polyα-olefin, polyphenyl ether oil, silicone oil,
Examples include halogenated hydrocarbon oil and alkylbenzene oil. Conventionally known metal soaps and inorganic thickeners as thickeners for various greases used in the composition of the present invention;
A wide range of organic thickeners and the like can be used. The metals used in the above-mentioned metal soaps include sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, strontium, aluminum, lithium, etc., and the fatty acid portion of the soap may be various fatty acids or a mixture of fatty acids. A so-called composite soap type that combines benzoic acid, boric acid, dicarboxylic acid, salicylic acid, etc. may also be used. The above-mentioned fatty acids are generally esters contained in animal fats, vegetable oils, waxes, etc., or artificially produced chain fatty acids. Representative examples of such fatty acids include saturated fatty acids such as myristic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid, unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid, and fatty acids having substituents such as 12-hydroxystearic acid. Specific examples of inorganic thickeners include clay, bentonite, colloidal silica, silica airgel alumina, graphite, mica, talc, clay, and diatomaceous earth. Further, examples of organic thickeners include generally urea-based thickeners. As a representative example, Patent No. 1272824 (Special Publication No.
Examples include diurea grease (USP2710889, USP2710840, USP2710841) and tetraurea grease (Japanese Patent Publication No. 39-3114). Examples of other polyurea thickeners include reaction products obtained by reacting isocyanates and amines in a solvent or base oil. It is uniformly dispersed and can be used as is as a polyurea grease. Furthermore, other organic thickeners include indathrene, phthalocyanine, amerin, and the like. Furthermore, various antioxidants, extreme pressure additives, rust preventives, etc., which are normally added, can be added to the lubricating composition of the present invention as appropriate. <Examples> Specific examples of the present invention will be described below. A typical manufacturing method for obtaining the lubricating grease according to the present invention is as follows. First, various types of commonly used greases (without polar dispersants) are prepared, and when they are heated at room temperature or below 170°C, monoalkylbenzyltrialkylammonium compounds, dimethylalkylbenzylammonium compounds, dimethylalkylbenzylammonium compounds, etc. Organic bentonite adsorbed with at least one member of the group consisting of trimethylmonoalkylammonium compounds is added either as a powder or in a well-dispersed state in a base oil such as mineral oil or synthetic oil, and thoroughly mixed. When mixing, it is more effective to use a roll mill, colloid mill, mixer, kneading device, etc. to ensure that the organic bentonite powder is well dispersed in the grease. Furthermore, this lubricating grease contains an antioxidant as appropriate.
It is also effective to add various additives such as rust preventives and extreme pressure agents. A lithium soap-based grease using mineral oil having a viscosity of 11.1 cst at 100°C is prepared as a base grease using lithium 12-hydroxystearate as a thickener. Next, 5% by weight of each of various commercially available organic bentonite powders was added to this grease at room temperature, stirred to ensure good dispersion, and then homogenized by applying the mixture to three-stage rolls. The properties of the obtained grease composition are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Here, at least one of the group consisting of monoalkylbenzyltrialkylammonium compounds, dimethylalkylbenzylammonium compounds, and trimethylmonoalkylammonium compounds;
Organic bentonites with seeds adsorbed include Paragale (trademark): an organic bentonite manufactured by National Red Corporation that has monoalkylbenzyltrialkyl ammonium adsorbed (Example 1), Organite (trademark): Organic bentonite manufactured by Japan Organic Clay Co., Ltd., adsorbing dimethylalkylbenzylammonium (Example 2), Esben E (trademark): Organic bentonite manufactured by Japan Organic Clay Co., Ltd. adsorbing trimethylmonoalkylammonium Organic bentonites adsorbed with other compounds as comparative examples include Bentone 34 (trademark): organic bentonite manufactured by National Red Corporation that adsorbs dimethyldioctadecylammonium. Organic bentonite (Comparative Example 1), Orben (trademark): An organic bentonite manufactured by Shiraishi Calcium Co., Ltd., in which a trimethyloctadecyl ammonium/stearamide complex was adsorbed (Comparative Example 2). Further, as a comparative example, one in which chlorinated paraffin was added (Comparative Example 3) was given.
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】
以上のように、モノアルキルベンジルトリアル
キルアンモニウム系化合物、ジメチルアルキルベ
ンジルアンモニウム系化合物、トリメチルモノア
ルキルアンモニウム系化合物からなる群の少なく
とも１種を吸着させた有機ベントナイト添加のも
の（実施例１〜７）は調整時でも良好な耐摩耗性
を示し加熱劣化後でも性能低下はみられない。又
分解生成物による銅板への腐食もなく耐熱性の面
でも良好な結果を示す。
これに対して、他の化合物を吸着させた有機ベ
ントナイトを添加したもの（比較例１、２）では
調整時も加熱劣化後も耐摩耗性で劣り、また塩素
化パラフインを添加したもの（比較例３）は調整
時では良好な耐摩耗性を示すが加熱劣化後は分解
により銅板への腐食も著しく耐摩耗性の面でも性
能低下が大きい。
＜発明の効果＞
本発明に係るグリース組成物は上記のように構
成されているので、化学的及び熱的に安定である
有機ベントナイト粉末を油性向上剤もしくは極圧
添加剤として各種石けん基グリース及びコンプレ
ツクス石けん、非石けん基、ウレア系グリース等
の各種潤滑グリース類に添加する事により、油性
向上を図り、摩擦力の低い潤滑剤を得、これらを
ローラーベアリング等に使用した場合摩擦抵抗の
より低い効果をもたらし、回転抵抗にともなうロ
スをできるかぎり軽減する事による省エネ効果と
より良好な潤滑状況をもたらすという効果を有す
る潤滑剤を得ることができるので、従来のグリー
スでは満足できない用途にも使用でき、その利用
の途は広い。[Table] As shown above, organic bentonite-added products (Example 1 -7) exhibit good abrasion resistance even during adjustment, and no deterioration in performance is observed even after heat deterioration. In addition, there is no corrosion of the copper plate due to decomposition products, and good results are shown in terms of heat resistance. On the other hand, products to which organic bentonite adsorbed other compounds (Comparative Examples 1 and 2) were inferior in wear resistance both during preparation and after heat degradation, and those to which chlorinated paraffin was added (Comparative Examples 1 and 2) 3) shows good abrasion resistance during adjustment, but after heating and deterioration, the copper plate is significantly corroded due to decomposition, resulting in a large drop in performance in terms of abrasion resistance. <Effects of the Invention> Since the grease composition according to the present invention is configured as described above, it can be used in various soap-based greases and By adding it to various lubricating greases such as complex soaps, non-soap based greases, and urea-based greases, it is possible to improve oiliness and obtain lubricants with low frictional force.When these are used in roller bearings, etc., frictional resistance increases. Since it is possible to obtain a lubricant that has the effect of reducing energy consumption and better lubrication conditions by reducing loss due to rotational resistance as much as possible, it can be used in applications where conventional greases cannot be satisfied. Yes, it can be used in a wide range of ways.
Claims (1)
に極性分散剤の不存在下において、モノアルキル
ベンジルトリアルキルアンモニウム系化合物、ジ
メチルアルキルベンジルアンモニウム系化合物、
トリメチルモノアルキルアンモニウム系化合物か
らなる群の少なくとも１種を吸着させた有機ベン
トナイト粉末を0.1〜50重量％になるように添加
し、混合してなることを特徴とする潤滑グリース
の製造方法。1. Monoalkylbenzyltrialkylammonium compounds, dimethylalkylbenzylammonium compounds,
1. A method for producing lubricating grease, which comprises adding and mixing organic bentonite powder adsorbed with at least one member of the group consisting of trimethylmonoalkylammonium compounds in an amount of 0.1 to 50% by weight.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23091087A JPS6474294A (en) | 1987-09-17 | 1987-09-17 | Production of lubricating grease |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23091087A JPS6474294A (en) | 1987-09-17 | 1987-09-17 | Production of lubricating grease |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6474294A JPS6474294A (en) | 1989-03-20 |
| JPH04515B2 true JPH04515B2 (en) | 1992-01-07 |
Family
ID=16915199
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23091087A Granted JPS6474294A (en) | 1987-09-17 | 1987-09-17 | Production of lubricating grease |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6474294A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004002696A (en) * | 2003-02-24 | 2004-01-08 | Nsk Ltd | Grease composition |
| JP5436873B2 (en) * | 2009-02-02 | 2014-03-05 | コスモ石油ルブリカンツ株式会社 | Grease composition |
| JP5718944B2 (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2015-05-13 | 日本パーカライジング株式会社 | Lubricant for plastic working of metal materials |
| JP5737004B2 (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2015-06-17 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Plunger lubricant and manufacturing method thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5372792A (en) * | 1976-12-10 | 1978-06-28 | Nl Industries Inc | Organophilic clay having high dispersion |
| JPS53118282A (en) * | 1977-03-23 | 1978-10-16 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Thixotropic clay composition |
| JPS5419057A (en) * | 1977-07-12 | 1979-02-13 | Nippon Koyu Kk | Lubricating grease composition usable in drying line of electric adhering painting system |
| JPS5516066A (en) * | 1978-07-24 | 1980-02-04 | Sony Corp | Grease |
| JPS62161897A (en) * | 1985-10-28 | 1987-07-17 | エヌ・エル・ケミカルズ・インコ−ポレ−テツド | Preparatory activated organophilic clay gelling agent for lubricant grease, lubricant grease thickened thereby, production of said gelling agent and preparatory activated organophilic clay gelling agent produced |
-
1987
- 1987-09-17 JP JP23091087A patent/JPS6474294A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5372792A (en) * | 1976-12-10 | 1978-06-28 | Nl Industries Inc | Organophilic clay having high dispersion |
| JPS53118282A (en) * | 1977-03-23 | 1978-10-16 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Thixotropic clay composition |
| JPS5419057A (en) * | 1977-07-12 | 1979-02-13 | Nippon Koyu Kk | Lubricating grease composition usable in drying line of electric adhering painting system |
| JPS5516066A (en) * | 1978-07-24 | 1980-02-04 | Sony Corp | Grease |
| JPS62161897A (en) * | 1985-10-28 | 1987-07-17 | エヌ・エル・ケミカルズ・インコ−ポレ−テツド | Preparatory activated organophilic clay gelling agent for lubricant grease, lubricant grease thickened thereby, production of said gelling agent and preparatory activated organophilic clay gelling agent produced |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6474294A (en) | 1989-03-20 |
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