JPH045106B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH045106B2
JPH045106B2 JP8912284A JP8912284A JPH045106B2 JP H045106 B2 JPH045106 B2 JP H045106B2 JP 8912284 A JP8912284 A JP 8912284A JP 8912284 A JP8912284 A JP 8912284A JP H045106 B2 JPH045106 B2 JP H045106B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
boom
shovel
workbench
contact
hydraulic cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP8912284A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS60233233A (en
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed filed Critical
Priority to JP8912284A priority Critical patent/JPS60233233A/en
Publication of JPS60233233A publication Critical patent/JPS60233233A/en
Publication of JPH045106B2 publication Critical patent/JPH045106B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/34Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines
    • E02F3/3405Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines and comprising an additional linkage mechanism
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E02F3/308Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom working outwardly

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は、土砂等のばら物をすくい取つてトラ
ツク等に積込むシヨベルローダにおいて、シヨベ
ル、ブーム等を含むシヨベル機構の運動を規制
し、事故の発生を防止できるシヨベルローダの作
動規制機構に関する。 従来、この種のシヨベルローダは、車体から突
出するブームの先端にシヨベルが取付けられ、シ
ヨベルを油圧シリンダで俯仰動作して土砂等をす
くい取り、次いでブームを揺動させてシヨベルを
高所にリフトし土砂を排出する構成になつてい
る。このシヨベルを車体に対して旋回させ車体後
方或いは側方にすくい取つた土砂を排出させるこ
とがあるが、伸張したブームをそのまま旋回させ
るとシヨベルが車体の側方に突出し、他の車輌や
トンネル側壁に衝突して事故、故障発生の原因と
なるものであつた。また、シヨベルを車体の幅内
で旋回することができないためにトンネル内など
での土砂排出作業が出来ない欠点があつた。この
ため、車体上に回転できる旋回台を設け、旋回台
上にその回転中心より偏心した位置に作業台を回
転自在に設け、シヨベルが車体側面より突出しな
い範囲で旋回させることができる特殊なシヨベル
ローダも提案されている。しかし、この新しいシ
ヨベルローダでは動作が複雑であり、極めて狭い
範囲でシヨベル機構が2方向に旋回するためブー
ムが車体上の器材、装置に接触する可能性があ
り、操作が困難なものであつた。 本発明は上述の欠点に鑑み、位置センサーと接
触センサーを設け、特定の位置でのみブームを上
下動できるようにするとともにブームが規定範囲
外で作動した際には接触センサーがこれを検知し
て運動を停止させることができるシヨベルローダ
の作動規制機構を提供するものである。 以下、本発明の一実施例を説明する。 第1図は本実施例の側面図、第2図は正面図、
第3図は平面図である。このシヨベルローダは自
走できるものであり、平坦な車体10の下面には
その四隅に車輪11が軸支させてあり、車体10
の両側の各一対の車輪11間にはそれぞれキヤタ
ピラ(無限軌道)12が巻回してある。この車体
10の上面中央には環形状をした支持盤13が固
着してあり、この支持盤13上には変形八角形を
した旋回台14が水平方向に回転自在に軸支して
ある。旋回台14は正三角形の各頂点を裁断した
平面形状をしており、旋回台14の後方(第3図
左側)上部には旋回台14の周辺に沿つてエンジ
ン15、燃料タンク16、作動油タンク17が載
置、固定してあり、旋回台14の上面中央より少
し燃料タンク16に接近した位置には油圧モータ
18が下方にその駆動軸を向けて固定してある。
この旋回台14の前方(第3図右側)の上部には
環形状をした保持盤19が載置、固定してあり、
前述の支持盤13の中心線とこの保持盤19の中
心線とは水平方向に偏位させ、かつ、平行になる
よう位置させてある。この保持盤19上には円形
をした作業台20が保持盤19に対して回転自在
に軸支してあり、作業台20上には垂直に支持体
21が固着してある。更に、前述の油圧モータ1
8と作業台20が旋回機構30で連結され、作業
台20の支持体21にシヨベル支持装置50が設
けられている。 第4図は旋回機構30を詳しく示すもので、第
3図中A−A矢視断面図に対応するものである。
前述の支持盤13上には外径がほぼ支持盤13と
同じで内周に歯形を切削形成してある円形の原動
歯車33が固着してあり、この原動歯車33の外
周にはベアリング34を介して環形状をしたスラ
イダ35が回転自在に嵌合させてあり、このスラ
イダ35上面に前記旋回台14が固着してあり、
旋回台14はこの原動歯車33を中心に回転する
ことができる。そして、前記油圧モータ18の出
力軸36にはピニオン37が軸着してあり、ピニ
オン37は原動歯車33の内歯面に噛合せてあ
る。また、旋回台14の下面で原動歯車33の内
周側に位置してL字形の軸支片38が固着してあ
り、この軸支片38と旋回台14にはそれぞれベ
アリング39,40が設けてあり、両ベアリング
39,40に軸支されて中間軸41が旋回台14
の上下面に貫通している。この中間軸41の軸支
片38と旋回台14の間にはピニオン42が固着
してあり、ピニオン42は原動歯車33の内周歯
面に噛合せてある。また、前記保持盤19上には
この保持盤19とほぼ同一外径の環形状をした軸
支体43が固着してあり、軸支体43の内周には
環形状をして外径をほぼ軸支体43の内径とし、
その内周に歯形を切削形成した従動歯車45が位
置させ、軸支体43と従動歯車45の間にはベア
リング44を介在させてある。そして、前述の作
業台20はこの従動歯車45の上面に載置固定さ
せてあり、作業台20は軸支体43の中心軸をそ
の回転中心として回転することができることにな
る。また、前述の中間軸41の上端にはピニオン
46が固着してあり、このピニオン46は従動歯
車45の内周歯面に噛合せてある。なお、第5図
はこの旋回機構の回転部材を分解した斜視図であ
り、第6図は同上の回転部材の位置関係を示す平
面図である。 第1図ないし第3図に再び戻つて、本実施例の
シヨベル支持装置50について詳しく説明する
と、作業台20の支持体21における左右の一方
の基体51に比較的短かい元ブーム52の後端が
支持ピン53により揺動可能に連結され、元ブー
ム52の先端の上部に長い先ブーム54の後端の
下部が支点ピン55により揺動可能に連結され、
先ブーム54の先端にシヨベル56が支点ピン5
7により揺動可能に連結してある。元ブーム52
の先端の前記ピン55の下と基体51の間には元
ブーム用油圧シリンダ58が、元ブーム52に対
しその下方に鋭角を成してピン59,60より取
り付けられ、先ブーム54の後端上部のブラケツ
ト69と基体51の間にも先ブーム用油圧シリン
ダ61がピン62,63により取り付けてある。 また、元ブーム52の上方にはそのピン53,
55の間隔と等しい長さのリンク64がピン5
3,55を結ぶ線と平行に配置され、リンク64
の後端は基体51にピン65により連結される
が、リンク64の先端のピン66と前記ピン55
との間に他のリンク67が連結され、これらの基
体51及び元ブーム52の一部とリンク64,6
7により平行リンク機構68を構成している。こ
こで、リンク64は前記油圧シリンダ61に沿に
近接して略平行に配置され、このことから元ブー
ム52、先ブーム54の後端、最も収縮した油圧
シリンダ61及び基体51の間でも平行リンク機
構76を構成している。 更に、先ブーム54の先端付近とシヨベル56
のピン57より高い位置にリンク70とシヨベル
用油圧シリンダ71がシヨベル56を俯仰すべく
連結され、これらのリンク70と油圧シリンダ7
1の連結部のピン72と前記平行リンク機構68
のピン66との間にシヨベル56の姿勢を保つリ
ンク73が連結してある。 一方、このような構成は作業台20の支持体2
1における左右の他方の基体51とシヨベル56
の間にも平行にして同様に施してあり、作業台2
0において左右の仕切板74の内側に操作席75
が設けられている。 次に、本実施例の規制機構を詳しく説明する。
この規制機構には位置センサー80、接触センサ
ー81、角度センサー82の検出器から成り、位
置センサー80は保持盤19の側面で旋回台14
の前面に位置して設けてあり、接触センサー81
は両先ブーム54のやや中央下面に設けてあり、
角度センサー82は両基体51の側面に設けてあ
る。この位置センサー80内にはリミツトスイツ
チ83が収納してあり、このリミツトスイツチ8
3のレバー84は上部に設定させた作業台20の
周面に当接させてあり、作業台20の外周の一部
であつてシヨベル支持装置50が車体10の前方
を向いた状態の位置に凹部85が形成してあり
(第6図参照)、レバー84が凹部85に嵌入した
ときにリミツトスイツチ83がオフするようにな
つている。接触センサー81には各先ブーム54
の下面に対して垂直方向に突起した弾性力のある
接触子86を持ち、接触子86が曲げられると接
触センサー81内にあるリミツトスイツチがオン
するようになつている。そして、角度センサー8
2は基体51に取付けられたリミツトスイツチで
あり、このスイツチのレバー87は元ブーム52
の方向を向いており、レバー87には元ブーム5
2上面に固着した作動片88が当接でき、両者が
当接するのは元ブーム52が水平より45度上向き
になつた位置である(第8図参照)。 第9図は規制機構の制御回路を示すもので、両
接触センサー81内にあるスイツチ90,91は
並列に接続してあり、両スイツチ90,91には
リレー92とランプ93が並列に接続してある。
このリレー92は2つのリレースイツチ94,9
5を作動させ、リレースイツチ94にはソレノイ
ド96,97が接続してあり、リレースイツチ9
5にはソレノイド98,99が接続してある。こ
のリレースイツチ95に角度センサー82内にあ
るスイツチ100,101及びリミツトスイツチ
83が並列に接続してある。 第10図は本実施例の油圧回路を示すもので、
油タンク105にはエンジン106により作動さ
れる油圧ポンプ107の吸入側が接続してあり、
油圧ポンプ107の吐出側には切換弁108,1
09が接続してある。切換弁108には電磁弁1
10,111を介してカウンターバランス部11
2内のロード弁113,114を通じて油圧モー
タ18が接続してあり、各ロード弁113,11
4には並列に逆止弁115,116が接続してあ
る。この油圧モータ18の両端にはリリーフ弁1
18,119より成るブレーキ部117が接続し
てある。そして、切換弁109には電磁弁12
0,121を介して先ブーム用油圧シリンダ61
が接続してあり、各電磁弁120,121には逆
止弁122,123がそれぞれ並列に接続してあ
り、逆止弁122,123の方向は先ブーム用油
圧シリンダ61を縮小する方向に油圧が流れるよ
う一致させてある。 次いで、本実施例の作用を第11図ないし第1
3図とともに説明する。 先ず、シヨベル支持装置50でシヨベル56に
土砂をすくい取る場合には、第11図に示すよう
に油圧シリンダ58を収縮して元ブーム52を下
げた状態で、油圧シリンダ61を伸長して先ブー
ム54を下方に倒す。また、油圧シリンダ71を
伸長してシヨベル56が地面に接するように俯
し、この状態で車体を前進しながら油圧シリンダ
71の収縮によりシヨベル56を俯すことで、シ
ヨベル56の内部に土砂をすくい取る。 その後、油圧シリンダ61を徐々に収縮する
と、先ブーム54が元ブーム52とのピン55を
支点にして上方に揺動することでシヨベル56は
持上げられ、このときリンク64とのピン66を
支点にしてリンク70,73及び油圧シリンダ7
1が一緒に揺動して、シヨベル56は前述のよう
に仰して土砂をすくい取つた状態に保持される。
そして、第12図のように油圧シリンダ61が最
も収縮した場合に、先ブーム54のみによりシヨ
ベル56が最も高くリフトすることになり、この
ようなシヨベルリフト量で足りる場合は、油圧シ
リンダ71を伸長してシヨベル56を俯すことで
その内部の土砂が排出してトラツク等に積込まれ
る。 一方、前述の先ブーム54のみによるシヨベル
リフト量だけでは足りない場合は、第13図に示
すように更に油圧シリンダ58を徐々に伸長す
る。すると、元ブーム52は基体51とのピン5
3を支点にして上方に揺動するが、最も収縮した
油圧シリンダ61を含む平行リンク機構76の作
用で先ブーム54が上方に平行移動し、同時に他
の平行リンク機構68の作用でリンク70,73
及び油圧シリンダ71も上方に平行移動する。そ
こで、シヨヨベル56は仰したままの姿勢を保つ
て真直ぐにリフトすることになり、こうして油圧
シリンダ58が最も伸長した高さ迄シヨベルリフ
ト量が更に増して、この高さ領域でも前述と同様
に油圧シリンダ71によりシヨベル56を俯すこ
とでその内部の土砂が排出する。 尚、本実施例の作業台20には旋回機構30が
設けられている。そこで、前述の土砂をすくい取
つた後の所定のシヨベルリフト位置で油圧モータ
18を駆動すると、その出力軸36のピニオン3
7により歯車33と共に旋回台14が一方に回転
する。また同時にピニオン42,46及び中間軸
41により従動歯車45と共に作業台20及びシ
ヨベル支持装置50が旋回台14と逆方向に旋回
するため、シヨベル56は車体中心を支点に回転
しないで車体中心に寄つた個所を通りながら前方
から後方に180度方向転換する。そこで、車体の
向きを変えることなく後方のトラツク等に積込み
作業することが可能になる。 次に、このシヨベル56の上下動の動作、及び
旋回台14、作業台20の旋回の動作における規
制を説明すると、シヨベル56が下方に位置し
(第11図の様なとき)、そのままの状態で油圧モ
ータ18を作動させるとすれば先ブーム54はい
ずれかのキヤタピラ11又は旋回台14の機器に
接触して破損することになる。この先ブーム54
と他の機器と接触する直前には接触子86がキヤ
タピラ11にまず接触し、接触センサー81内の
いずれかのスイツチ90,91をオンさせ、リレ
ー92を作動させると同時にランプ93を点灯さ
せて不都合な旋回であることを報知する。リレー
92が作動するとリレースイツチ94,95をオ
ンさせてソレノイド96〜99に通電して電磁弁
110,111,120,121を作動させ、油
圧モータ18、先ブーム用シリンダ61への油圧
供給を停止し、それ以上旋回台14が回転しない
よう規制する。この制止状態を解除するには切換
弁109を逆転させ、先ブーム用シリンダ61を
縮小させることでバケツト56を上方に高く持ち
上げ、接触子86が当接する位置から高く持ち上
げることでリレー92の動作は解除され、電磁弁
110,111,120,121の作動が停止
し、油圧モータ18は再び作動することができ
る。 また、作業台20が車体10に対して前方を向
いていないときにバケツト54が降下すると旋回
台14上の装置を破損させることになる。このた
め、リミツトスイツチ83のレバー84が作業台
20の外周に接触しているときにはリミツトスイ
ツチ83は常にオンしていてソレノイド98,9
9を通電させ、電磁弁120,121を閉鎖させ
ておくことで先ブーム54は下降しない。レバー
84が凹部85に嵌合しているときリミツトスイ
ツチ83はオフし、ソレノイド98,99には電
流は流れず先ブーム用油圧シリンダ61は自由に
制御でき、先ブーム54は上下に揺動できる。 また、先ブーム54が持ち上げられて第12図
の状態より第13図の状態に差し上げる際におい
て、先ブーム用油圧シリンダ61が作動すること
はバケツト56の先端が下がるとともに前方に突
出するので規制しなければならない。元ブーム用
油圧シリンダ58を作動して元ブーム52を持ち
上げさせると元ブーム52に固着した作動片88
がレバー87に当接し、スイツチ100,101
をオンさせてソレノイド98,99に通電させる
ことで先ブーム用油圧シリンダ61への油圧の供
給を停止させる。このスイツチ100,101の
オンは先ブーム52が水平より45度以上持ち上げ
られたときに作動するため、第13図の状態に先
ブーム54、バケツト56が位置したときには先
ブーム用油圧シリンダ61は作動しなくなる。 上述のスイツチ群による規制を各条件による真
理を下表によつて示す。
The present invention relates to an operation regulating mechanism for a shovel loader that can prevent accidents by regulating the movement of a shovel mechanism including a shovel, a boom, etc. in a shovel loader that scoops up loose materials such as earth and sand and loads them onto a truck or the like. Conventionally, this type of shovel loader has a shovel attached to the tip of a boom that protrudes from the vehicle body, and the shovel is raised and raised by a hydraulic cylinder to scoop up dirt, etc., and then the boom is swung to lift the shovel to a high location. It is designed to discharge earth and sand. This shovel may be rotated relative to the vehicle body to discharge scooped dirt to the rear or side of the vehicle body, but if the extended boom is rotated as it is, the shovel will protrude to the side of the vehicle body, causing damage to other vehicles and the tunnel side wall. The vehicle collided with the vehicle, causing an accident and malfunction. Another drawback was that the shovel could not be rotated within the width of the vehicle body, making it impossible to perform earth and sand discharge work in tunnels and the like. For this purpose, a special shovel loader is equipped with a rotatable swivel base on the vehicle body, a workbench is rotatably installed on the swivel base at a position eccentric from the center of rotation, and the shovel can be rotated within a range where the shovel does not protrude from the side of the vehicle body. has also been proposed. However, the operation of this new shovel loader was complicated, and since the shovel mechanism rotated in two directions within an extremely narrow range, the boom could come into contact with equipment and equipment on the vehicle body, making it difficult to operate. In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention provides a position sensor and a contact sensor so that the boom can be moved up and down only at a specific position, and when the boom operates outside the specified range, the contact sensor detects this. The present invention provides an operation regulating mechanism for a shovel loader that can stop movement. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below. Figure 1 is a side view of this embodiment, Figure 2 is a front view,
FIG. 3 is a plan view. This shovel loader is self-propelled, and wheels 11 are pivotally supported at the four corners of the lower surface of a flat vehicle body 10.
A caterpillar (endless track) 12 is wound between each pair of wheels 11 on both sides of the vehicle. An annular support plate 13 is fixed to the center of the upper surface of the vehicle body 10, and a deformed octagonal swivel table 14 is pivotably supported on the support plate 13 so as to be horizontally rotatable. The swivel base 14 has a planar shape with each vertex of an equilateral triangle cut out, and an engine 15, a fuel tank 16, and hydraulic oil are installed along the periphery of the swivel base 14 at the upper rear (on the left side in FIG. 3) of the swivel base 14. A tank 17 is mounted and fixed, and a hydraulic motor 18 is fixed at a position slightly closer to the fuel tank 16 than the center of the upper surface of the swivel table 14 with its drive shaft directed downward.
A ring-shaped holding plate 19 is placed and fixed on the upper part of the front of the swivel table 14 (on the right side in FIG. 3).
The center line of the support plate 13 and the center line of the holding plate 19 are horizontally offset and parallel to each other. A circular workbench 20 is rotatably supported on the holding plate 19, and a support 21 is vertically fixed to the workbench 20. Furthermore, the above-mentioned hydraulic motor 1
8 and the workbench 20 are connected by a turning mechanism 30, and a shovel support device 50 is provided on the support body 21 of the workbench 20. FIG. 4 shows the turning mechanism 30 in detail, and corresponds to the sectional view taken along the line A--A in FIG.
A circular driving gear 33 having approximately the same outer diameter as the supporting plate 13 and having a tooth profile cut on its inner periphery is fixed on the support plate 13 described above, and a bearing 34 is mounted on the outer periphery of this driving gear 33. A ring-shaped slider 35 is rotatably fitted therebetween, and the swivel base 14 is fixed to the upper surface of the slider 35.
The swivel base 14 can rotate around this driving gear 33. A pinion 37 is rotatably attached to the output shaft 36 of the hydraulic motor 18, and the pinion 37 is meshed with an internal tooth surface of the driving gear 33. Further, an L-shaped shaft support piece 38 is fixed to the lower surface of the swivel base 14 on the inner peripheral side of the driving gear 33, and bearings 39 and 40 are provided on the shaft support piece 38 and the swivel base 14, respectively. The intermediate shaft 41 is supported by both bearings 39 and 40 and is mounted on the swivel base 14.
It penetrates the top and bottom surfaces of. A pinion 42 is fixed between the shaft support piece 38 of the intermediate shaft 41 and the swivel base 14, and the pinion 42 meshes with the inner peripheral tooth surface of the driving gear 33. Further, a ring-shaped shaft support 43 having an outer diameter approximately the same as that of the holding board 19 is fixed on the holding plate 19, and the inner circumference of the shaft support 43 is annular and has an outer diameter. approximately the inner diameter of the shaft support 43,
A driven gear 45 having a tooth profile cut thereon is positioned on its inner periphery, and a bearing 44 is interposed between the shaft support 43 and the driven gear 45. The workbench 20 described above is mounted and fixed on the upper surface of the driven gear 45, and the workbench 20 can rotate about the central axis of the shaft support 43 as its rotation center. Further, a pinion 46 is fixed to the upper end of the aforementioned intermediate shaft 41, and this pinion 46 meshes with the inner peripheral tooth surface of the driven gear 45. In addition, FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the rotating member of this turning mechanism, and FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the positional relationship of the rotating member same as above. Returning again to FIGS. 1 to 3, the shovel support device 50 of this embodiment will be described in detail. The rear end of a relatively short former boom 52 is attached to one of the left and right bases 51 of the support 21 of the workbench 20. is swingably connected by a support pin 53, and the lower part of the rear end of the long tip boom 54 is swingably connected to the top of the tip of the main boom 52 by a fulcrum pin 55.
A shovel 56 is attached to the fulcrum pin 5 at the tip of the tip boom 54.
7, they are swingably connected. former boom 52
A hydraulic cylinder 58 for the main boom is attached to the bottom of the main boom 52 at an acute angle between pins 55 and the base 51 through pins 59 and 60, and is attached to the rear end of the main boom 54. A front boom hydraulic cylinder 61 is also attached between the upper bracket 69 and the base body 51 by pins 62 and 63. Further, above the former boom 52, the pin 53,
A link 64 with a length equal to the spacing of 55 is connected to pin 5.
Link 64 is placed parallel to the line connecting 3 and 55.
The rear end is connected to the base body 51 by a pin 65, and the pin 66 at the tip of the link 64 and the pin 55
Another link 67 is connected between the base body 51 and a part of the former boom 52 and the links 64, 6.
7 constitutes a parallel link mechanism 68. Here, the link 64 is arranged close to and substantially parallel to the hydraulic cylinder 61, and therefore, there is also a parallel link between the rear end of the base boom 52, the front boom 54, the most contracted hydraulic cylinder 61, and the base 51. It constitutes a mechanism 76. Furthermore, near the tip of the tip boom 54 and the shovel 56
A link 70 and a hydraulic cylinder 71 for the shovel are connected at a position higher than the pin 57 so as to look up the shovel 56, and these links 70 and the hydraulic cylinder 7
1 connecting part pin 72 and the parallel link mechanism 68
A link 73 that maintains the posture of the shovel 56 is connected between the pin 66 and the pin 66 of the shovel 56 . On the other hand, in such a configuration, the support 2 of the workbench 20
The other left and right base body 51 and shovel 56 in 1
The workbench 2 is also parallel to the workbench 2.
At 0, the operator seat 75 is located inside the left and right partition plates 74.
is provided. Next, the regulation mechanism of this embodiment will be explained in detail.
This regulation mechanism consists of a position sensor 80, a contact sensor 81, and an angle sensor 82.
The contact sensor 81 is located at the front of the
is provided slightly at the bottom of the center of the boom 54 at both ends,
Angle sensors 82 are provided on the sides of both bases 51. A limit switch 83 is housed within this position sensor 80.
The lever 84 of No. 3 is in contact with the circumferential surface of the workbench 20 set at the upper part, and is located at a position where it is part of the outer circumference of the workbench 20 and the shovel support device 50 faces forward of the vehicle body 10. A recess 85 is formed (see FIG. 6), and when the lever 84 is fitted into the recess 85, the limit switch 83 is turned off. The contact sensor 81 has a boom 54 at each end.
It has an elastic contact 86 that protrudes perpendicularly to the lower surface of the sensor, and when the contact 86 is bent, a limit switch in the contact sensor 81 is turned on. And angle sensor 8
2 is a limit switch attached to the base 51, and a lever 87 of this switch is connected to the former boom 52.
The lever 87 is facing the direction of the former boom 5.
The actuating piece 88 fixed to the upper surface of the boom 2 can come into contact with the upper surface of the boom 52, and the two come into contact at a position where the former boom 52 is oriented 45 degrees upward from the horizontal (see FIG. 8). FIG. 9 shows the control circuit of the regulation mechanism, in which switches 90 and 91 in both contact sensors 81 are connected in parallel, and a relay 92 and a lamp 93 are connected in parallel to both switches 90 and 91. There is.
This relay 92 has two relay switches 94, 9
Solenoids 96 and 97 are connected to the relay switch 94, and the relay switch 9
5 is connected to solenoids 98 and 99. Switches 100 and 101 in the angle sensor 82 and a limit switch 83 are connected in parallel to this relay switch 95. Figure 10 shows the hydraulic circuit of this embodiment.
The suction side of a hydraulic pump 107 operated by an engine 106 is connected to the oil tank 105.
A switching valve 108, 1 is provided on the discharge side of the hydraulic pump 107.
09 is connected. The switching valve 108 has a solenoid valve 1.
Counterbalance section 11 via 10, 111
A hydraulic motor 18 is connected through load valves 113 and 114 in each load valve 113 and 11.
4 are connected in parallel with check valves 115 and 116. A relief valve 1 is provided at both ends of this hydraulic motor 18.
A brake section 117 consisting of parts 18 and 119 is connected thereto. The switching valve 109 has a solenoid valve 12.
Hydraulic cylinder 61 for the front boom via 0,121
are connected to the electromagnetic valves 120 and 121, and check valves 122 and 123 are connected in parallel to each other, and the direction of the check valves 122 and 123 is to reduce hydraulic pressure in the direction of contracting the front boom hydraulic cylinder 61. It is matched so that it flows. Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained in FIGS. 11 to 1.
This will be explained with reference to Figure 3. First, when scooping earth and sand onto the shovel 56 using the shovel support device 50, as shown in FIG. Push down 54. Also, by extending the hydraulic cylinder 71 and lowering the shovel 56 so that it touches the ground, and moving the vehicle forward in this state, by lowering the shovel 56 by contracting the hydraulic cylinder 71, dirt can be scooped into the inside of the shovel 56. take. Thereafter, when the hydraulic cylinder 61 is gradually contracted, the front boom 54 swings upward using the pin 55 connected to the former boom 52 as a fulcrum, and the shovel 56 is lifted. Links 70, 73 and hydraulic cylinder 7
1 swing together, and the shovel 56 is held in the upright scooping position as described above.
When the hydraulic cylinder 61 is contracted the most as shown in FIG. 12, the shovel 56 will be lifted the highest by only the tip boom 54. If this amount of shovel lift is sufficient, the hydraulic cylinder 71 should be extended. By tilting the shovel 56 down, the earth and sand inside is discharged and loaded onto a truck or the like. On the other hand, if the amount of shovel lift provided by the tip boom 54 alone is insufficient, the hydraulic cylinder 58 is further extended gradually as shown in FIG. Then, the former boom 52 connects the pin 5 with the base 51.
3 as a fulcrum, the front boom 54 moves upward in parallel due to the action of the parallel link mechanism 76 that includes the most contracted hydraulic cylinder 61, and at the same time, the links 70, 73
The hydraulic cylinder 71 also moves upward in parallel. Therefore, the shovel 56 maintains its upward position and lifts straight, and in this way, the amount of lift of the shovel further increases until the hydraulic cylinder 58 is fully extended. By tilting down the shovel 56 using 71, the earth and sand inside the shovel 56 is discharged. Note that the workbench 20 of this embodiment is provided with a turning mechanism 30. Therefore, when the hydraulic motor 18 is driven at the predetermined shovel lift position after scooping up the earth and sand, the pinion 3 of the output shaft 36
7 rotates the swivel base 14 together with the gear 33 in one direction. At the same time, the pinions 42, 46 and the intermediate shaft 41 cause the working platform 20 and the shovel support device 50 to rotate together with the driven gear 45 in the opposite direction to the swivel base 14, so the shovel 56 does not rotate around the center of the vehicle body as a fulcrum, but moves toward the center of the vehicle body. Turn 180 degrees from front to back while passing through the ivy area. Therefore, it becomes possible to load the vehicle onto a truck or the like at the rear without changing the orientation of the vehicle body. Next, to explain the restrictions on the vertical movement of the shovel 56 and the turning operations of the swivel table 14 and work platform 20, the shovel 56 is positioned downward (as shown in FIG. 11) and remains in that state. If the hydraulic motor 18 is operated in this case, the tip boom 54 will come into contact with any of the caterpillars 11 or equipment on the swivel base 14 and be damaged. Boom 54 ahead
Immediately before coming into contact with another device, the contactor 86 first contacts the caterpillar 11, turns on one of the switches 90, 91 in the contact sensor 81, activates the relay 92, and at the same time lights the lamp 93. Notifies you of an inconvenient turn. When the relay 92 is activated, the relay switches 94 and 95 are turned on, the solenoids 96 to 99 are energized, the solenoid valves 110, 111, 120, and 121 are activated, and the hydraulic pressure supply to the hydraulic motor 18 and the front boom cylinder 61 is stopped. Then, the swivel base 14 is restricted from rotating any further. To release this inhibited state, reverse the switching valve 109 and contract the front boom cylinder 61 to lift the bucket 56 high above the contact point 86. It is released, the solenoid valves 110, 111, 120, 121 stop operating, and the hydraulic motor 18 can operate again. Further, if the bucket 54 is lowered when the workbench 20 is not facing forward with respect to the vehicle body 10, the equipment on the swivel base 14 will be damaged. Therefore, when the lever 84 of the limit switch 83 is in contact with the outer periphery of the workbench 20, the limit switch 83 is always on and the solenoids 98, 9
By energizing 9 and keeping the solenoid valves 120 and 121 closed, the front boom 54 does not descend. When the lever 84 is fitted into the recess 85, the limit switch 83 is turned off, no current flows through the solenoids 98 and 99, the front boom hydraulic cylinder 61 can be freely controlled, and the front boom 54 can swing up and down. Furthermore, when the front boom 54 is lifted and moved from the state shown in FIG. 12 to the state shown in FIG. There must be. When the main boom hydraulic cylinder 58 is operated to lift the main boom 52, the operating piece 88 is fixed to the main boom 52.
comes into contact with the lever 87, and the switches 100, 101
is turned on to energize the solenoids 98 and 99, thereby stopping the supply of hydraulic pressure to the front boom hydraulic cylinder 61. The switches 100 and 101 are turned on when the front boom 52 is lifted 45 degrees or more above the horizontal, so when the front boom 54 and bucket 56 are positioned as shown in FIG. 13, the front boom hydraulic cylinder 61 is activated. I won't. The table below shows the truth of each condition of the above-mentioned switch group regulation.

【表】 本発明は上述の様に構成したので、旋回台と作
業台とをそれぞれ偏心させて回転させるとともに
作業台上にバケツト機構を固着したシヨベルロー
ダにおいて、各センサーがそれぞれの状態を検知
して規定の安全な範囲でのみブーム、バケツトを
上下動させることができ、接触などによる破損や
事故が生じなくなり、狭い範囲での作業が完壁な
ものとなる。
[Table] Since the present invention is configured as described above, in a shovel loader in which the swing table and the work table are rotated eccentrically and the bucket mechanism is fixed on the work table, each sensor detects the respective state. The boom and bucket can be moved up and down only within a specified safe range, eliminating damage and accidents caused by contact, making work in narrow areas perfect.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明の一実施例を示す側面図、第2
図は同上正面図、第3図は同上平面図、第4図は
旋回機構を詳しく示す第3図A−A断面図、第5
図は同上の分解斜視図、第6図は同上の分解平面
図、第7図は接触センサー付近を示す拡大図、第
8図は角度センサー付近を示す拡大図、第9図は
スイツチ群による規制機構を示す電気回路図、第
10図は規制される油圧モータ、油圧シリンダの
油圧回路、第11図ないし第13図はシヨベル装
置の動作状態を示す説明図である。 10……車体、20……作業台、50……シヨ
ベル支持装置、52……元ブーム、54……先ブ
ーム、56……シヨベル、80……位置センサ
ー、81……接触センサー、82……角度センサ
ー。
Figure 1 is a side view showing one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a side view showing one embodiment of the present invention;
The figure is a front view of the same as above, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same as above, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.
The figure is an exploded perspective view of the same as above, Figure 6 is an exploded plan view of the same as above, Figure 7 is an enlarged view showing the vicinity of the contact sensor, Figure 8 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the angle sensor, and Figure 9 is a regulation by switch group. FIG. 10 is an electric circuit diagram showing the mechanism, FIG. 10 is a hydraulic circuit for a regulated hydraulic motor and hydraulic cylinder, and FIGS. 11 to 13 are explanatory diagrams showing operating states of the shovel device. 10... Vehicle body, 20... Workbench, 50... Shovel support device, 52... Original boom, 54... Front boom, 56... Shovel, 80... Position sensor, 81... Contact sensor, 82... Angle sensor.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 移動可能な車体上方に水平に回転できる旋回
台を設けるとともに、旋回台上面には旋回台の回
転中心より偏位させて作業台を回転自在に設け、
作業台上にはブームを含むシヨベル機構を設けた
シヨベルローダにおいて、シヨベル機構のブーム
に下方に向けて接触子を突出させた接触センサー
を設け、旋回台と作業台の間には両者の相対的角
度位置を検出する角度センサーを設け、作業台が
旋回台に対して所定角度位置のときのみブームを
上下動させることができ、作業台の旋回中に接触
子が障害に衝突したならば作業台及び旋回台の旋
回作動を中止させることができることを特徴とす
るシヨベルローダの作動規制機構。
1. A swivel table that can rotate horizontally is provided above the movable vehicle body, and a work table is provided on the top surface of the swivel table so that it can rotate freely, offset from the center of rotation of the swivel table.
In a shovel loader that is equipped with a shovel mechanism including a boom on the workbench, a contact sensor with a contact protruding downward is installed on the boom of the shovel mechanism, and a relative angle between the two is installed between the swivel table and the workbench. An angle sensor is installed to detect the position, and the boom can be moved up and down only when the work platform is at a predetermined angle position with respect to the rotating platform.If the contact collides with an obstacle while the work platform is rotating, the boom will An operation regulating mechanism for a shovel loader, characterized in that it is capable of stopping the turning operation of a turning table.
JP8912284A 1984-05-02 1984-05-02 Operation controlling mechanism for shovel loader Granted JPS60233233A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8912284A JPS60233233A (en) 1984-05-02 1984-05-02 Operation controlling mechanism for shovel loader

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8912284A JPS60233233A (en) 1984-05-02 1984-05-02 Operation controlling mechanism for shovel loader

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS60233233A JPS60233233A (en) 1985-11-19
JPH045106B2 true JPH045106B2 (en) 1992-01-30

Family

ID=13962081

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP8912284A Granted JPS60233233A (en) 1984-05-02 1984-05-02 Operation controlling mechanism for shovel loader

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS60233233A (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS60233233A (en) 1985-11-19

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