JPH04318772A - Automatic focus matching device - Google Patents
Automatic focus matching deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04318772A JPH04318772A JP3086689A JP8668991A JPH04318772A JP H04318772 A JPH04318772 A JP H04318772A JP 3086689 A JP3086689 A JP 3086689A JP 8668991 A JP8668991 A JP 8668991A JP H04318772 A JPH04318772 A JP H04318772A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- brightness
- frequency component
- image sensor
- lens
- high frequency
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- Automatic Focus Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】0001
【産業上の利用分野】本発明はビデオカメラの撮像素子
より映像信号の高域周波数成分を検出し、その振幅が最
大になるようにレンズの焦点整合装置を駆動する自動焦
点整合装置に関するものである。[Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an automatic focusing device that detects high frequency components of a video signal from an image sensor of a video camera and drives a lens focusing device so that the amplitude of the high frequency components is maximized. be.
【0002】0002
【従来の技術】近年、ビデオ一体型カメラは小型・軽量
化に伴って急速にその需要が伸びている。自動焦点整合
装置はビデオ一体型カメラの取扱いを簡便にし、一層の
普及に貢献するものである。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the demand for integrated video cameras has been rapidly increasing as they have become smaller and lighter. The automatic focusing device simplifies the handling of video-integrated cameras and contributes to their further widespread use.
【0003】以下に従来の自動焦点整合装置について説
明する。図3は従来の自動焦点整合装置のブロック図を
示すものである。図3において、1はレンズ、2は撮像
面に結像している被写体を電気信号に変換する撮像素子
、3は前記撮像素子2の出力を増幅する前置増幅器、4
は前記前置増幅器3の出力である映像信号に処理を加え
てテレビジョン信号に変換するプロセス回路、5は撮像
素子2で得た映像信号から高域周波数成分を検出するバ
ンドパスフィルタ(以下BPFと称す)で、例えば30
0Hz〜3MHz通過域をもっている。6はBPF5で
得た高域周波数成分に含まれる基準周波数成分を検出す
る基準周波数成分検出器、7は前記高域周波数成分の振
幅が最大になるようにレンズ1を制御するとともに、モ
ータ駆動回路8とモータ9でレンズ1の焦点整合装置を
基準周波数で微振動させる制御回路である。A conventional automatic focusing device will be explained below. FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a conventional automatic focusing device. In FIG. 3, 1 is a lens, 2 is an image sensor that converts the object imaged on the imaging surface into an electrical signal, 3 is a preamplifier that amplifies the output of the image sensor 2, and 4 is a preamplifier that amplifies the output of the image sensor 2.
5 is a process circuit that processes the video signal output from the preamplifier 3 and converts it into a television signal, and 5 is a band pass filter (hereinafter referred to as BPF) that detects high frequency components from the video signal obtained by the image sensor 2. ), for example, 30
It has a 0Hz to 3MHz passband. 6 is a reference frequency component detector that detects a reference frequency component included in the high frequency component obtained by the BPF 5; 7 is a motor drive circuit that controls the lens 1 so that the amplitude of the high frequency component is maximized; 8 and a motor 9 to slightly vibrate the focusing device of the lens 1 at a reference frequency.
【0004】以上のように構成された従来の自動焦点整
合装置について、以下その動作について説明する。The operation of the conventional automatic focusing device configured as described above will be explained below.
【0005】モータ9は制御回路7から供給される基準
周波数でレンズ1の焦点整合装置を微動し、レンズ1の
フォーカスを目に検出できない程度に変化させる。その
結果、撮像素子2の出力信号に含まれる高域周波数成分
は基準周波数で振幅変動を受け基準周波数成分をもつこ
とになる。前記高周波成分はBPF5で検出されその中
に含まれるフォーカス変化による基準周波数成分は基準
周波数成分回路6で検出される。前記信号は制御回路7
で極性と振幅が検出され、モータ駆動回路8、モータ9
で撮像素子2の出力信号の高域周波数成分が最大になる
ようにレンズ1の焦点整合装置を駆動する。The motor 9 uses the reference frequency supplied from the control circuit 7 to slightly move the focusing device of the lens 1 to change the focus of the lens 1 to an extent that cannot be detected by the eye. As a result, the high frequency component included in the output signal of the image sensor 2 undergoes amplitude fluctuations at the reference frequency and has a reference frequency component. The high frequency component is detected by the BPF 5, and the reference frequency component included therein due to focus change is detected by the reference frequency component circuit 6. The signal is sent to the control circuit 7
The polarity and amplitude are detected in the motor drive circuit 8 and the motor 9.
The focusing device of the lens 1 is driven so that the high frequency component of the output signal of the image sensor 2 is maximized.
【0006】モータ9の駆動方法を検出する原理につい
て、図2を用いてもう少し詳細に説明する。縦軸は撮像
素子2の出力信号に含まれる高域周波数成分の振幅で、
横軸はレンズ1の焦点整合装置の位置である。近は近距
離の被写体に合焦する位置、遠は遠距離被写体に合焦す
る位置である。いま、距離D1にある被写体を撮像した
場合を考えると、レンズ1の焦点整合装置が前記距離D
1に対応した位置にあるとき合焦し、高域周波数成分の
振幅は最大となる。焦点整合装置が前記位置より近側ま
たは遠側にずれても、高域周波数成分の振幅は減少する
、一種の山形特性となり図2に示すAのようになる。
一方、a1,a2,a3は各レンズ位置におけるモータ
9の基準周波数での微動による焦点整合装置の動きを示
している。a1に示す微変動に伴うフォーカスの変化に
より、高域周波数成分はb1のような振幅変調を受け基
準周波数成分をもつことになる。またa2に示す微変動
では、b2に示す振幅変調を受ける。前記振幅変調はb
1,b2から明らかなように合焦位置より近距離側と遠
距離側で位相が180°反転する。従って、b1のよう
な振幅変調を受けた高域周波数成分から基準周波数成分
を検出し、前記基準周波数成分を基準周波数で同期検波
して前記成分の振幅と位相を検出する。前記検出信号で
モータ9によってレンズ1の焦点整合装置を矢印c1の
方向に駆動するなら、b2の場合では矢印c2の方向に
駆動することになる。従ってモータ9は常に高域周波数
成分が最大になる位置へ焦点整合装置を駆動し、合焦状
態が得られる。このようにこの従来例の自動焦点整合装
置はレンズの焦点整合装置を含めてクローズドループを
形成でき、焦点整合装置の組立をラフにできるなど多く
の特徴を有している。The principle of detecting the driving method of the motor 9 will be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. The vertical axis is the amplitude of the high frequency component included in the output signal of the image sensor 2,
The horizontal axis is the position of the focusing device of the lens 1. Near is a position that focuses on a nearby subject, and far is a position that focuses on a distant subject. Now, if we consider the case where an image of a subject at a distance D1 is taken, the focusing device of the lens 1 is set at the distance D1.
When it is at a position corresponding to 1, it is in focus and the amplitude of the high frequency component is maximum. Even if the focusing device is shifted closer or further away from the above-mentioned position, the amplitude of the high frequency component decreases, resulting in a kind of chevron-shaped characteristic as shown in A shown in FIG. 2. On the other hand, a1, a2, and a3 indicate movements of the focusing device due to fine movements of the motor 9 at the reference frequency at each lens position. Due to the change in focus accompanying the slight fluctuation shown in a1, the high frequency component undergoes amplitude modulation as shown in b1 and has a reference frequency component. Further, the slight fluctuation shown in a2 undergoes amplitude modulation shown in b2. The amplitude modulation is b
As is clear from 1 and b2, the phase is reversed by 180 degrees between the near and far sides of the in-focus position. Therefore, a reference frequency component is detected from high frequency components subjected to amplitude modulation such as b1, and the reference frequency component is synchronously detected with the reference frequency to detect the amplitude and phase of the component. If the motor 9 drives the focusing device of the lens 1 in the direction of the arrow c1 using the detection signal, then in the case of b2, it will be driven in the direction of the arrow c2. Therefore, the motor 9 always drives the focusing device to the position where the high frequency component is maximum, and a focused state is obtained. As described above, this conventional automatic focusing device has many features such as being able to form a closed loop including the lens focusing device, and making it possible to assemble the focusing device in a rough manner.
【0007】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら上記の従
来の構成では、次のような問題点を有していた。レンズ
位置が合焦点から離れれば撮像素子2に写る被写体の像
は、コントラストが下がる性質と、像が大きくなる二つ
の性質をもっている。また、コントラストが下がると高
域周波数成分は小さくなり、像が大きくなると高域周波
数成分は大きくなる。通常の被写体では合焦点からはな
れると像が大きくなる性質よりもコントラストが下がる
性質の影響が大きくて、高域周波数成分は小さくなり図
2に示すAのような山形波形になるが、被写体が高輝度
の場合は像が大きくなって高域周波数成分が大きくなる
性質が合焦点付近で大きく現れるために図2に示すBの
ようなM形波形になる。自動焦点整合装置は高域周波数
成分の振幅が最大になるように作動するため、高輝度被
写体の場合e1またはe2の位置にレンズを駆動してし
まい、ボケたテレビジョン信号を作り出してしまう。However, the above conventional configuration has the following problems. When the lens position moves away from the in-focus point, the image of the subject captured on the image sensor 2 has two properties: one is that the contrast decreases, and the other is that the image becomes larger. Further, when the contrast decreases, the high frequency components become small, and when the image becomes large, the high frequency components become large. For normal subjects, when the subject moves away from the focal point, the contrast decreases more than the image gets larger, and the high frequency components become smaller, resulting in a chevron-shaped waveform like A in Figure 2. In the case of high brightness, the property that the image becomes large and the high frequency components become large appears largely near the focal point, resulting in an M-shaped waveform as shown in B shown in FIG. Since the automatic focusing device operates so that the amplitude of high-frequency components is maximized, the lens is driven to the e1 or e2 position for a high-brightness object, creating a blurred television signal.
【0008】本発明は上記従来の問題点を解決するもの
で、高輝度被写体においても確実に合焦する自動焦点整
合装置を提供することを目的とする。The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and aims to provide an automatic focusing device that can reliably focus even a high-brightness object.
【0009】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】この目的を達成するため
に本発明の自動焦点整合装置は、被写体像を撮像面に結
像する撮像素子より得た映像信号から高域周波数成分を
検出し、高域周波数成分の振幅が最大になるようにレン
ズの焦点整合装置を駆動するよう構成し、被写体が高輝
度の場合、高域周波数成分を検出する帯域を変えること
のできる構成を有している。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve this object, the automatic focusing device of the present invention detects high frequency components from a video signal obtained from an image sensor that forms a subject image on an imaging surface, The lens focusing device is configured to drive so that the amplitude of the high frequency component is maximized, and when the subject is of high brightness, the configuration is such that the band in which the high frequency component is detected can be changed. .
【0010】0010
【作用】高輝度被写体ではレンズが合焦点から離れると
コントラストが下がる性質よりも像が大きくなる性質の
影響が大きくて、高域周波数成分はM形の特性を示すが
、高域周波数成分を検出する帯域を変えてより高域成分
のみの検出を行うと前記二つの性質の影響力が逆転する
ので高輝度被写体でも確実に合焦することができる。[Effect] For high-brightness objects, when the lens moves away from the focal point, the effect of the image becoming larger is greater than the property that the contrast decreases, and the high-frequency components exhibit M-type characteristics, but the high-frequency components are detected. By changing the frequency band and detecting only higher frequency components, the influence of the above two properties is reversed, so even a high-brightness subject can be reliably focused.
【0011】[0011]
【実施例】以下本発明の一実施例について、図面を参照
しながら説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【0012】図1において、従来の構成と同一構成要素
については同一番号を付与し説明を省略する。但し、B
PF5は第1のBPF5と表現し、制御回路7は第1の
制御回路7と表現する。10は第1のBPF5よりも通
過域周波数が高くかつ帯域幅の狭い特性を有する第2の
BPFで、例えば1MHz〜3MHzの通過域をもつ。
11は第1のBPF5と第2のBPF10を切り換える
切り替え回路で、第2の制御回路13によって被写体が
高輝度の時に第2のBPF10が選択される。高輝度検
出回路12は高域周波数成分より被写体が高輝度である
ことを検出する回路である。[0012] In FIG. 1, the same components as those in the conventional configuration are given the same numbers and their explanations are omitted. However, B
The PF5 is expressed as a first BPF5, and the control circuit 7 is expressed as a first control circuit 7. A second BPF 10 has a higher passband frequency and narrower bandwidth than the first BPF 5, and has a passband of 1 MHz to 3 MHz, for example. Reference numeral 11 denotes a switching circuit for switching between the first BPF 5 and the second BPF 10, and the second BPF 10 is selected by the second control circuit 13 when the subject is of high brightness. The high-brightness detection circuit 12 is a circuit that detects that the subject is high-brightness based on high frequency components.
【0013】以上のように構成された本実施例の自動焦
点整合装置について、図2を用いてその動作を説明する
。The operation of the automatic focusing device of this embodiment constructed as described above will be explained with reference to FIG.
【0014】レンズの位置が合焦点D1から離れれば撮
像素子に写る被写体の像は、コントラストが下がる性質
と、像が大きくなる二つの性質をもっている。また、コ
ントラストが下がると高域周波数成分は小さくなり、像
が大きくなると高域周波数成分は大きくなる。通常の被
写体では合焦点からはなれると像が大きくなる性質より
もコントラストが下がる性質の影響が大きく、高域周波
数成分は小さくなり図2に示すAのような山形波形にな
るが、被写体が高輝度の場合は像が大きくなって高域周
波数成分が大きくなる性質が合焦点付近で大きく現れる
ために図2に示すBのようなM型波形になる。自動焦点
整合装置は高域周波数成分の振幅が最大になるように作
動するため、高輝度被写体の場合e1またはe2の位置
にレンズを駆動してしまう。ところが、高域周波数成分
を検出する帯域を変えてより高域成分のみの検出を行う
と前記二つの性質の影響力が逆転して、像が大きくなっ
て高域周波成分が大きくなる性質よりもコントラストが
下がって高域周波数成分が小さくなる性質による影響が
大きくなる。そのため、高輝度被写体での高域周波数成
分の波形は図2に示すAのようになり、高輝度被写体で
も確実に合焦状態が得られる。[0014] When the position of the lens moves away from the focal point D1, the image of the subject captured on the image sensor has two properties: one is that the contrast decreases, and the other is that the image becomes larger. Further, when the contrast decreases, the high frequency components become small, and when the image becomes large, the high frequency components become large. For normal subjects, when the subject moves away from the in-focus point, the contrast decreases more than the image gets larger, and the high frequency components become smaller, resulting in a chevron-shaped waveform like A in Figure 2. In the case of brightness, the property that the image becomes larger and the high-frequency components become larger appears largely near the focal point, resulting in an M-type waveform as shown in B shown in FIG. Since the automatic focusing device operates so that the amplitude of the high frequency component is maximized, the lens is driven to the position e1 or e2 in the case of a high-brightness object. However, if you change the band for detecting high frequency components and detect only the higher frequency components, the influence of the above two properties will be reversed, and the image will become larger and the higher frequency components will become larger. The effect of the property that the contrast decreases and the high frequency components become smaller increases. Therefore, the waveform of the high frequency component for a high-brightness subject becomes as shown in A shown in FIG. 2, and even for a high-brightness subject, an in-focus state can be obtained reliably.
【0015】以上のように本実施例によれば、撮像素子
2の受光面に結像している被写体像を周期的・光学的に
ボカし、撮像素子2より得た映像信号の高域周波数成分
を検出し、前記検出信号から前記ボケに対応する信号を
検出し、前記高域周波数成分の振幅が最大になるように
、レンズ1の焦点整合装置を駆動するシステムにおいて
、被写体が高輝度になったときに、前記高周波成分の検
出する周波数を高くし、帯域を狭めることにより、合焦
時の精度が大幅に向上し、系の動作範囲をより一層の高
輝度まで広めることができる。また、被写体が高輝度で
あることを検出する手段として、映像信号のレベルを検
出し、そのレベルがある値になったら高輝度であると判
断するものでもよい。As described above, according to this embodiment, the subject image formed on the light-receiving surface of the image sensor 2 is periodically and optically blurred, and the high frequency of the video signal obtained from the image sensor 2 is component, detects a signal corresponding to the blur from the detection signal, and drives a focusing device of the lens 1 so that the amplitude of the high frequency component is maximized. By increasing the frequency at which the high-frequency component is detected and narrowing the band, the accuracy during focusing can be greatly improved and the operating range of the system can be expanded to even higher brightness. Alternatively, the means for detecting that the object is of high brightness may be one that detects the level of the video signal and determines that the object is of high brightness when the level reaches a certain value.
【0016】[0016]
【発明の効果】本発明の自動焦点整合装置は被写体像が
受光面に結像している撮像素子より得た映像信号から高
域周波数成分を検出し、前記高域周波数成分の振幅が最
大になるようにレンズの焦点整合装置を駆動するシステ
ムにおいて、被写体が高輝度であるときに前記高域周波
数成分を検出する帯域を狭めるかまたは検出する周波数
を変えることにより、合焦時の精度を格段に向上でき、
より一層の高輝度被写体まで拡大でき、その実用的効果
は大きい。[Effects of the Invention] The automatic focusing device of the present invention detects a high frequency component from a video signal obtained from an image sensor in which a subject image is formed on a light receiving surface, and maximizes the amplitude of the high frequency component. In a system that drives a lens focusing device to achieve high brightness, focusing accuracy can be greatly improved by narrowing the band for detecting the high frequency component or changing the detection frequency when the subject is of high brightness. can be improved to
It can magnify even higher-brightness objects, and its practical effects are great.
【図1】本発明の一実施例における自動焦点整合装置の
ブロック図FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an automatic focusing device in an embodiment of the present invention.
【図2】モータの駆動方向を検出する原理を説明するた
めの特性図[Figure 2] Characteristic diagram for explaining the principle of detecting the driving direction of the motor
【図3】従来の自動焦点整合装置のブロック図[Figure 3] Block diagram of a conventional automatic focusing device
1 レンズ 2 撮像素子 3 前置増幅器 4 プロセス回路 5 第1のバンドパスフィルタ 6 基準周波数成分検出回路 7 第1の制御回路 8 モータ駆動回路 9 モータ 10 第2のバンドパスフィルタ 11 切り替え回路 12 高輝度検出回路 13 第2の制御回路 1 Lens 2 Imaging device 3 Preamplifier 4 Process circuit 5 First bandpass filter 6 Reference frequency component detection circuit 7 First control circuit 8 Motor drive circuit 9 Motor 10 Second bandpass filter 11 Switching circuit 12 High brightness detection circuit 13 Second control circuit
Claims (1)
変換する撮像素子と、前記撮像素子に合焦させるための
レンズと、前記撮像素子の出力を増幅する前置増幅器と
、前記前置増幅器の出力である映像信号に処理を加えて
テレビジョン信号に変換するプロセス回路と、前記撮像
素子で得た映像信号から異なる高域周波数成分を検出す
る複数のバンドパスフィルタと、前記複数のバンドパス
フィルタを切り換えるための切り換え回路と、バンドパ
スフィルタで得た高域周波数成分に含まれる基準周波数
成分を検出する基準周波数成分検出器と、前記高域周波
数成分の振幅が最大になるようにレンズを制御するとと
もにモータ駆動回路とモータで前記レンズを基準周波数
で微振動させる第一の制御回路と、前記映像信号より高
輝度被写体を検出する高輝度検出回路と、前記高輝度検
出回路より得た高輝度検出信号より前記複数のバンドパ
スフィルタを切り換えるための第二の制御回路とを備え
ることを特徴とする自動焦点整合装置。1. An image sensor that converts an object imaged on an image sensor into an electrical signal, a lens for focusing the image sensor, a preamplifier that amplifies the output of the image sensor, and a preamplifier that amplifies the output of the image sensor. a process circuit that processes the video signal that is the output of the preamplifier and converts it into a television signal; a plurality of bandpass filters that detect different high frequency components from the video signal obtained by the image sensor; a switching circuit for switching the band-pass filter; a reference frequency component detector for detecting a reference frequency component included in the high-frequency components obtained by the band-pass filter; a first control circuit that controls the lens and slightly vibrates the lens at a reference frequency using a motor drive circuit and a motor; a high-brightness detection circuit that detects a high-brightness object from the video signal; and a second control circuit for switching the plurality of bandpass filters based on the obtained high-intensity detection signal.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP03086689A JP3079622B2 (en) | 1991-04-18 | 1991-04-18 | Automatic focusing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP03086689A JP3079622B2 (en) | 1991-04-18 | 1991-04-18 | Automatic focusing device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH04318772A true JPH04318772A (en) | 1992-11-10 |
JP3079622B2 JP3079622B2 (en) | 2000-08-21 |
Family
ID=13893950
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP03086689A Expired - Lifetime JP3079622B2 (en) | 1991-04-18 | 1991-04-18 | Automatic focusing device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP3079622B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6552748B1 (en) | 1997-02-25 | 2003-04-22 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Camera which automatically and properly focuses in situations with relatively low luminance foreground objects and high luminance background objects |
JP2006243101A (en) * | 2005-03-01 | 2006-09-14 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Imaging device and imaging method |
US8120698B2 (en) | 2008-02-07 | 2012-02-21 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Focus control apparatus useful for image pick up apparatuses equipped with an auto focus function and method therefor |
-
1991
- 1991-04-18 JP JP03086689A patent/JP3079622B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6552748B1 (en) | 1997-02-25 | 2003-04-22 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Camera which automatically and properly focuses in situations with relatively low luminance foreground objects and high luminance background objects |
KR100513606B1 (en) * | 1997-02-25 | 2005-11-23 | 산요덴키가부시키가이샤 | Auto Focus Camera |
JP2006243101A (en) * | 2005-03-01 | 2006-09-14 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Imaging device and imaging method |
JP4679179B2 (en) * | 2005-03-01 | 2011-04-27 | 株式会社リコー | Imaging apparatus and imaging method |
US8120698B2 (en) | 2008-02-07 | 2012-02-21 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Focus control apparatus useful for image pick up apparatuses equipped with an auto focus function and method therefor |
US8379139B2 (en) | 2008-02-07 | 2013-02-19 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Focus control apparatus useful for image pick up apparatuses equipped with an auto focus function and method therefor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP3079622B2 (en) | 2000-08-21 |
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