JPH042895B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH042895B2 JPH042895B2 JP10011687A JP10011687A JPH042895B2 JP H042895 B2 JPH042895 B2 JP H042895B2 JP 10011687 A JP10011687 A JP 10011687A JP 10011687 A JP10011687 A JP 10011687A JP H042895 B2 JPH042895 B2 JP H042895B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wheel
- unbalance
- amplitude
- weight
- longitudinal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Testing Of Balance (AREA)
Description
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、自動車等の車輪のアンバランスを修
正する方法に関する。
（従来の技術）
車輪がアンバランスであると、その回転中に上
下方向、前後方向、切れ角方向の振動を生ずるこ
とが知られている。
一般的に、上下方向及び前後方向の振動は車輪
の周方向の重量アンバランス（静アンバランス）
に、又切れ角方向の振動は車輪の幅方向の重量ア
ンバランス（動アンバランス）に起因すると考え
られており、そこで本願出願人は、先に特願昭60
−142627号により、車体に懸架される車輪を回転
ドラム上に載置して回転させた状態で車輪以外の
ばね下構成部材の上下方向、前後方向、切れ角方
向の３方向の振幅を検出し、上下方向及び前後方
向の振幅から静アンバランス量と、切れ角方向の
振幅から動アンバランス量とを求めて、これらア
ンバランス量に対応するウエイトを車輪のリムの
夫々のアンバランス位置に取付けるようにしたア
ンバランス修正方法を提案した。
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
然し、上記の方法によつても車輪のアンバラン
スは必ずしも修正されず、再修正の必要を生ずる
ことがままあつた。
本願発明者の解析に結果、その原因は以下の点
にあることが判明した。
即ち、ばね下構成部材の上下方向の振動には、
懸架機構のサスペンシヨン機能及びタイヤのユニ
フオミテイが影響し、上下方向の振幅と車輪の静
アンバランス量との間に一義的な関係が成立せ
ず、又切れ角方向の振動には、静アンバランスに
起因した車輪の上下前後振動がジヤイロ作用を媒
体として影響すると共に、懸架機構が持つ切り角
方向のコンプライアンスが影響し、切れ角方向の
振幅と車輪の動アンバランス量との間にも一義的
な関係が成立しないのに、これら振幅に基いてウ
エイトを選択しているためである。
本発明は、以上の点に着目し、上記先願の問題
点を解決したアンバランス修正方法を提供するこ
とをその目的とする。
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明は、上記目的を達成すべく、車体に懸架
される車輪を回転ドラム上に載置して回転させた
状態で車輪のアンバランスを検出し、この検出結
果に基いてアンバランスを修正する方法におい
て、車輪のアンバランスを車輪以外のばね下構成
部材の前後方向の振幅として検出し、予め求めた
前後方向の振幅とウエイト重量との関係から振幅
の検出値に対応する重量のウエイトを選択し、該
ウエイトを車輪のリムのアンバランス位置に取付
けることを特徴とする。
（作用）
ばね下構成部材の前後方向の振動は、上下方向
や切れ角方向の振動と異り懸架機構からの影響は
殆んど受けず、車輪の静アンバランスが前後方向
の振動としてダイレクトに現われる。
従つて、前後方向の振幅と車輪の静アンバラン
ス量との間には一義的な関係が成立し、振幅に応
じた重量のウエイトを取付けることで静アンバラ
ンスが修正され、静アンバランスに起因した上下
前後振動が抑制され、更に上下前後振動によりジ
ヤイロ作用を媒体として生ずる切れ角方向の振動
も抑制される。
（実施例）
第１図乃至第３図を参照して、１は自動車の車
体に懸架される車輪ａを載置する回転ドラム、２
は車輪ａに貼着した反射テープa1により車輪２の
回転位相を検出する光電管から成る位相検出器、
３はばね下構成部材たる例えばロアアームｂの前
後方向の変位を検出する光学式変位検出器を示
し、該変位検出器３は、上下前後左右の直交３軸
方向に移動自在に設けられ、車輪ａを回転ドラム
１に載置した後、該変位検出器３をロアアームｂ
の前面又は後面に対向する所定の計測位置に移動
して変位検出を行うようにした。
これを更に詳述するに、回転ドラム１の配置部
内側に機枠４を立設して、該機枠４にシリンダ５
ａによりガイドレール５ｂに沿つて上下動される
第１テーブル５を支持させると共に、該第１のテ
ーブル５上にシリンダ６ａによりガイドレール６
ｂに沿つて前後動される第２テーブル６と、該第
２テーブル６上にハドル７ａ付きのボールねじ７
ｂにより左右動される第３テーブル７とを設け
て、該第３テーブル７上の支持台８にロアアーム
ｂの前面又は後面に当接するばね板９と、該支持
台８上のステー８ａに該ばね板９に対し前後方向
に対向するように前記変位検出器３とを取付ける
ものとし、該第３テーブル７を該ボールねじ７ｂ
により左右方向に位置調節した状態でロツクハン
ドル７ｃにより固定し、車輪ａを回転ドラム１上
に載置した後、第１テーブル５を定位置に上昇さ
せると共に、第２テーブル６をロアアームｂに向
つて定位置に前進させて、該ばね板９をロアアー
ムｂの前面又は後面に圧接させ、該ばね板９がロ
アアームｂに弾接した状態でこれと一体に前後方
向に振動されるようにし、変位検出器３によりロ
アアームｂの前後方向の変位を該ばね板９を介し
て検出するようにした。該変位検出器３は、被測
定物に光線を照射する光源３ａと、被測定物から
の散乱光を結像させる複数の受光素子を配列した
結像部３ｂとを備え、該結像部３ｂを光源３ａの
光軸に対し斜交させて、被測定物の変位を結像部
３ｂにおける輝点位置の変化として検出するもの
で、従来公知でありその詳細な説明は省略する。
車輪ａのアンバランス修正に際しては、予めロ
アアームｂの前後方向の振幅Ｌとウイト重量Ｗと
の関係を表す第４図示の如きチューニングチヤー
トを作成する。
チユーニングチヤートの作成は、実車にバラン
ス取りした車輪を懸架して、車輪のリムの所定の
周方向位置にウエイトを取付けた後、該車輪を回
転ドラム１上で一定速度で回転させ、位相検出器
２により検出される回転位相と、変位検出器３に
より検出されるロアアームｂの前後方向の変位と
をツーペンレコーダで記録し、これをウエイトの
重量を変えて繰返し行い、各重量のウエイトにつ
いて変位の最大値から振幅を求め、これをプロツ
トすることで行う。
ところで、前後後方向の変位が最大になる位相
はウエイト取付箇所が車軸を通る前後方向の水平
線に合致したときであるがレコーダのタイムラグ
等により記録紙上では、ウエイト取付箇所が水平
線に合致する位相になつた後所定の位相差を存し
て変位が最大となり、この位相差を補正角Ｐとし
て求めておく。次に、被験車に懸架した車輪ａを
回転ドラム１上に載置して、上記と同一の速度で
車輪ａを回転させ、上記と同様にツーペンレコー
ダで回転位相とロアアームｂの前後方向の変位と
を記録する。
第５図のｘ線とｙ線は夫々回転位相と変位とを
表す線であり、車輪ａが１回転してこれに貼着し
た反射テープa1が位相検出器２の前面を通過する
度にｘ線にパルス波形が現われ、このパルス波形
の発生点から変位検出器３に接近する方向の変位
が最大となるｙ線のピーク点までの記録紙上の長
さをＹ、パルス波形の記録紙上の発生間隔をＸと
すると、反射テープa1の貼着箇所を0゜として、当
該ピーク点の位相角Ｚは、
Ｚ＝Ｙ／Ｘ×360゜
となり、車輪ａのアンバランス位置の位相角Ｑ
は、Ｚと前記補正角Ｐとから、次式
Ｑ＝（Ｚ−Ｐ）＋180゜
で求められる。
そして、ｙ線のピーク点における波高から振幅
Ｌを求め、この振幅Ｌに対応する重量のウエイト
をチユーニングチヤートを用いて選択し、このウ
エイトを車輪ａのリムのアンバランス位置に取付
ける。
第６図は、〜の８台の実験車の左右の前輪
の修正前と上記方法による修正後とにおけるアン
バランスを、半径方向に前後振幅、周方向に位相
角を取つた極座標に示したもので、×印が修正
前、・印が修正後であり、車輪のアンバランスが
大幅に修正されているのが分る。
又、下表は上記実験車のハンドルの横振れの振
幅（切れ角方向の振幅に対応する）の測定結果を
示し、前後振幅のみによるアンバランス修正でハ
ンドルの横振れも大幅に抑制できることが分る。
(Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a method for correcting wheel imbalance of an automobile or the like. (Prior Art) It is known that when a wheel is unbalanced, vibrations occur in the vertical direction, longitudinal direction, and turning angle direction during rotation. Generally, vibrations in the vertical and longitudinal directions are caused by a weight imbalance in the circumferential direction of the wheel (static imbalance).
Furthermore, it is believed that the vibration in the direction of the turning angle is caused by the weight imbalance (dynamic imbalance) in the width direction of the wheel.
- No. 142627 detects the amplitude of the unsprung components other than the wheels in three directions: vertical direction, longitudinal direction, and turning angle direction while the wheels suspended on the vehicle body are mounted on a rotating drum and rotated. , determine the amount of static unbalance from the amplitude in the vertical direction and the longitudinal direction, and the amount of dynamic unbalance from the amplitude in the turning angle direction, and attach weights corresponding to these unbalance amounts to the respective unbalance positions on the wheel rim. We proposed a method for correcting the imbalance. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, even with the above-described method, the unbalance of the wheels was not necessarily corrected, and there were cases where re-correction was required. As a result of analysis by the inventor of the present application, it has been found that the cause lies in the following points. In other words, for vertical vibration of the unsprung component,
Due to the influence of the suspension function of the suspension mechanism and the uniformity of the tires, there is no unambiguous relationship between the amplitude in the vertical direction and the static unbalance of the wheel, and the vibration in the turning angle direction is affected by the static unbalance. The vertical and longitudinal vibrations of the wheel caused by this affect the wheel using the gyro effect as a medium, and the compliance of the suspension mechanism in the direction of the turning angle also affects the relationship between the amplitude in the direction of the turning angle and the amount of dynamic unbalance of the wheel. This is because the weights are selected based on these amplitudes even though the relationship does not hold. The present invention has focused on the above points, and aims to provide an unbalance correction method that solves the problems of the prior application. (Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention detects the unbalance of the wheels while the wheels suspended on the vehicle body are placed on a rotating drum and rotated. In the method of correcting unbalance based on the detection results, wheel unbalance is detected as the longitudinal amplitude of unsprung components other than the wheels, and the amplitude is calculated from the relationship between the longitudinal amplitude and the weight weight determined in advance. The present invention is characterized by selecting a weight corresponding to the detected value and attaching the weight to an unbalanced position on the rim of the wheel. (Function) The longitudinal vibration of the unsprung components is hardly affected by the suspension mechanism, unlike the vibration in the vertical direction or turning angle direction, and the static unbalance of the wheel is directly transmitted as longitudinal vibration. appear. Therefore, there is a unique relationship between the amplitude in the longitudinal direction and the amount of static unbalance of the wheel, and by attaching a weight that corresponds to the amplitude, the static unbalance can be corrected, and the static unbalance caused by the static unbalance can be corrected. The vertical and longitudinal vibrations caused by this are suppressed, and furthermore, the vibrations in the turning angle direction that are caused by the vertical and longitudinal vibrations using the gyroscope effect as a medium are also suppressed. (Example) Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, 1 is a rotary drum on which wheels a suspended on the body of an automobile are placed; 2
is a phase detector consisting of a phototube that detects the rotational phase of the wheel 2 by means of a reflective tape a1 attached to the wheel a;
Reference numeral 3 denotes an optical displacement detector for detecting displacement of an unsprung component, such as a lower arm b, in the front-rear direction. After placing the displacement detector 3 on the rotating drum 1, the displacement detector 3 is placed on the lower arm b.
The displacement is detected by moving to a predetermined measurement position facing the front or rear surface of the sensor. To explain this in more detail, a machine frame 4 is installed upright inside the arrangement part of the rotating drum 1, and a cylinder 5 is mounted on the machine frame 4.
A supports the first table 5 which is moved up and down along the guide rail 5b, and a guide rail 6 is mounted on the first table 5 by the cylinder 6a.
A second table 6 that is moved back and forth along the axis b, and a ball screw 7 with a huddle 7a mounted on the second table 6.
A third table 7 is provided which can be moved left and right by the support plate 7, and a spring plate 9 is provided on the support stand 8 on the third table 7, and a spring plate 9 is attached to the stay 8a on the support stand 8. The displacement detector 3 is mounted so as to face the spring plate 9 in the front-rear direction, and the third table 7 is connected to the ball screw 7b.
After adjusting the position in the left and right direction using the lock handle 7c and placing the wheel a on the rotating drum 1, the first table 5 is raised to the normal position, and the second table 6 is moved toward the lower arm b. The spring plate 9 is brought into pressure contact with the front or rear surface of the lower arm b, and the spring plate 9 is vibrated in the front and rear direction together with the lower arm b while being in elastic contact with the lower arm b. The detector 3 detects the longitudinal displacement of the lower arm b via the spring plate 9. The displacement detector 3 includes a light source 3a that irradiates a light beam onto the object to be measured, and an imaging section 3b in which a plurality of light receiving elements are arranged to form an image of scattered light from the object to be measured. is obliquely crossed with respect to the optical axis of the light source 3a, and the displacement of the object to be measured is detected as a change in the bright spot position in the imaging section 3b, which is conventionally known and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted. When correcting the unbalance of the wheel a, a tuning chart as shown in FIG. 4 is created in advance, showing the relationship between the longitudinal amplitude L of the lower arm b and the weight W of the wheel. To create a tuning chart, a balanced wheel is suspended on an actual vehicle, weights are attached to the rim of the wheel at a predetermined position in the circumferential direction, and then the wheel is rotated at a constant speed on the rotating drum 1, and the phase is detected. The rotation phase detected by the detector 2 and the longitudinal displacement of the lower arm b detected by the displacement detector 3 are recorded with a two-pen recorder, and this is repeated by changing the weight of the weight. This is done by finding the amplitude from the maximum value of displacement and plotting it. By the way, the phase at which the displacement in the longitudinal direction is maximum is when the weight attachment point matches the horizontal line in the longitudinal direction passing through the axle, but due to the time lag of the recorder, etc., on the recording paper, the weight attachment point coincides with the horizontal line. After the displacement becomes maximum, a predetermined phase difference exists, and this phase difference is determined as the correction angle P. Next, wheel a suspended on the test vehicle is placed on rotating drum 1, wheel a is rotated at the same speed as above, and the two-pen recorder is used to record the rotational phase and the longitudinal direction of lower arm b in the same manner as above. and record the displacement. The x line and y line in FIG. A pulse waveform appears on the x-ray, and the length on the recording paper from the generation point of this pulse waveform to the peak point of the y-line where the displacement in the direction approaching the displacement detector 3 is maximum is Y, and the length on the recording paper of the pulse waveform is Letting the occurrence interval be X, and assuming that the attachment point of reflective tape a1 is 0°, the phase angle Z at the peak point is Z=Y/X×360°, and the phase angle Q at the unbalanced position of wheel a
is determined from Z and the correction angle P using the following equation: Q=(Z-P)+180°. Then, the amplitude L is determined from the wave height at the peak point of the y-line, a weight corresponding to this amplitude L is selected using a tuning chart, and this weight is attached to the unbalanced position of the rim of the wheel a. Figure 6 shows the unbalance of the left and right front wheels of eight experimental cars before correction and after correction using the above method in polar coordinates with longitudinal amplitude in the radial direction and phase angle in the circumferential direction. The x mark is before the correction, and the - mark is after the correction, and you can see that the imbalance of the wheels has been significantly corrected. In addition, the table below shows the measurement results of the amplitude of the lateral vibration of the steering wheel (corresponding to the amplitude in the direction of the turning angle) of the above experimental vehicle, and it is clear that the lateral vibration of the steering wheel can be significantly suppressed by correcting the unbalance using only the longitudinal amplitude. Ru.
【表】
（発明の効果）
以上の如く本発明によるときは、車輪のアンバ
ランスがダイレクトに現われるばね下構成部材の
前後方向の振幅のみに基いてアンバランス修正を
行うもので、懸架機構からの影響を受けず、１回
の修正作業で実用上問題の無い程度に車輪のアン
バランスを修正でき、生産性が向上される効果を
有する。[Table] (Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the unbalance is corrected based only on the amplitude in the longitudinal direction of the unsprung component where the unbalance of the wheel directly appears, and the unbalance from the suspension mechanism is corrected. The unbalance of the wheels can be corrected to the extent that there is no practical problem with one correction work without being affected by the effects, and productivity is improved.
第１図は本発明の実施に用いるアンバランス検
出装置の１例の要部の正面図、第２図はその側面
図、第３図はその平面図、第４図はチユーニング
チヤートを示す線図、第５図は位相検出器と変位
検出器とによる検出データを示す線図、第６図は
実験結果を示す極座標グラフである。
ａ…車輪、ｂ…ロアアーム（ばね下構成部材）、
１…回転ドラム、２…位相検出器、３…変位検出
器。
FIG. 1 is a front view of essential parts of an example of an unbalance detection device used for carrying out the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, FIG. 3 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 4 is a line showing a tuning chart. 5 is a diagram showing detection data by the phase detector and the displacement detector, and FIG. 6 is a polar coordinate graph showing the experimental results. a...Wheel, b...Lower arm (unsprung component),
1... Rotating drum, 2... Phase detector, 3... Displacement detector.
Claims (1)
して回転させた状態で車輪のアンバランスを検出
し、この検出結果に基いてアンバランスを修正す
る方法において、車輪のアンバランスを車輪以外
のばね下構成部材の前後方向の振幅として検出
し、予め求めた前後方向の振幅とウエイト重量と
の関係から振幅の検出値に対応する重量のウエイ
トを選択し、該ウエイトを車輪のリムのアンバラ
ンス位置に取付けることを特徴とする車輪のアン
バランス修正方法。1 In this method, unbalance of the wheel is detected while the wheels suspended on the vehicle body are placed on a rotating drum and rotated, and the unbalance is corrected based on the detection result. is detected as the amplitude in the longitudinal direction of the unsprung component, and from the relationship between the amplitude in the longitudinal direction and the weight weight determined in advance, a weight corresponding to the detected amplitude value is selected, and the weight is applied to the unsprung component of the wheel. A method for correcting wheel imbalance, characterized by installing the wheel in a balanced position.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10011687A JPS63266331A (en) | 1987-04-24 | 1987-04-24 | Unbalance correcting method for wheel |
| US07/184,563 US4864858A (en) | 1987-04-24 | 1988-04-21 | Wheel unbalance correction method and wheel unbalance detecting apparatus |
| GB8809591A GB2205413B (en) | 1987-04-24 | 1988-04-22 | Correcting wheel out-of-balance |
| CA000564927A CA1320649C (en) | 1987-04-24 | 1988-04-22 | Wheel unbalance correction method and wheel unbalance detecting apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10011687A JPS63266331A (en) | 1987-04-24 | 1987-04-24 | Unbalance correcting method for wheel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63266331A JPS63266331A (en) | 1988-11-02 |
| JPH042895B2 true JPH042895B2 (en) | 1992-01-21 |
Family
ID=14265388
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10011687A Granted JPS63266331A (en) | 1987-04-24 | 1987-04-24 | Unbalance correcting method for wheel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63266331A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2839969B2 (en) * | 1991-10-17 | 1998-12-24 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | How to correct wheel imbalance |
-
1987
- 1987-04-24 JP JP10011687A patent/JPS63266331A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS63266331A (en) | 1988-11-02 |
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