JPH0422545Y2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0422545Y2 JPH0422545Y2 JP1983076401U JP7640183U JPH0422545Y2 JP H0422545 Y2 JPH0422545 Y2 JP H0422545Y2 JP 1983076401 U JP1983076401 U JP 1983076401U JP 7640183 U JP7640183 U JP 7640183U JP H0422545 Y2 JPH0422545 Y2 JP H0422545Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- selective permeable
- permeable membrane
- membrane
- porous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y02E60/128—
Landscapes
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
Description
【考案の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本考案は、酸素を活物質に用いるガス拡散電極
を備えた電池に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a battery equipped with a gas diffusion electrode that uses oxygen as an active material.
従来例の構成とその問題点
酸素を活物質とするガス拡散電極を備える電池
としては、空気電池、燃料電池等がある。電解液
には、アルカリ性、酸性、中性塩が使用されてい
る。Conventional Structures and Problems There are air cells, fuel cells, and the like as batteries equipped with gas diffusion electrodes that use oxygen as an active material. Alkaline, acidic, and neutral salts are used in the electrolyte.
この種電池では、ガス拡散電極より、内部の電
解液の蒸気圧に応じて水蒸気の出入があり、電池
内電解液の濃度変化、あるいは乾燥を引き起こ
し、電池諸特性が悪化する。これを防止するため
に、ガス拡散電極の空気取り入れ側に、水蒸気を
通しにくいガス選択性透過膜が設けられている。
従来このガス選択性透過膜は、多孔質薄膜を片面
に密着して物理強度をもたせていた。ガス選択性
透過膜は、厚さ500Aから2μのものであり、補強
支持体が必要である。 In this type of battery, water vapor flows in and out from the gas diffusion electrode depending on the vapor pressure of the internal electrolyte, causing a change in concentration or drying of the electrolyte within the battery, which deteriorates various battery characteristics. To prevent this, a gas-selective permeable membrane that is difficult to pass water vapor is provided on the air intake side of the gas diffusion electrode.
Conventionally, this gas-selective permeable membrane had a porous thin film adhered to one side to provide physical strength. Gas-selective permeable membranes are 500A to 2μ thick and require reinforcing supports.
従来の多層膜は、このガス選択性透過膜とその
膜の片面に多孔質薄膜を設けたものであつた。こ
の多層膜の欠点は2μ以下の極めて薄く、物理的
強度が殆んどないものを露出状態で電池に組み込
むため、ガス選択性透過膜が破れることであつ
た。ガス選択性透過膜を酸素極側につける場合
と、空気側に取り付ける場合があるが、酸素極側
につける場合は、酸素極とすれてガス選択性透過
膜がはがれることがあり、また空気側に取り付け
る場合でも電池ケース内部に収納する時にはがれ
る場合がある。 Conventional multilayer membranes include this gas-selective permeable membrane and a porous thin membrane provided on one side of the membrane. The disadvantage of this multilayer membrane was that it was extremely thin, less than 2μ, and had almost no physical strength, and was incorporated into the battery in an exposed state, which caused the gas-selective permeable membrane to break. There are cases where the gas-selective permeable membrane is attached to the oxygen electrode side, and sometimes it is attached to the air side. However, when attached to the oxygen electrode side, the gas-selective permeable membrane may be peeled off as it acts as an oxygen electrode, and the gas-selective permeable membrane may be attached to the air side. Even if it is attached to the battery case, it may come off when it is stored inside the battery case.
考案の目的
本考案は、以上のような従来の問題点を解決す
るもので、ガス選択性透過膜の物理的な損傷をな
くすことにより、電池内部への水蒸気の出入りを
極力少なくして、水分の乾燥による電池内部抵抗
の増大を防ぐことを目的とするものである。Purpose of the invention The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems. By eliminating physical damage to the gas-selective permeable membrane, it minimizes the flow of water vapor into and out of the battery. The purpose of this is to prevent an increase in battery internal resistance due to drying.
考案の構成
すなわち、本考案は、ガス選択性透過膜を多孔
質の薄膜ではさんでサンドイツチ構造にした多層
膜をガス拡散電極の空気取り入れ側に設けたこと
を特徴とした電池である。Structure of the invention That is, the invention is a battery characterized by having a multilayer film with a sandwich structure in which a gas-selective permeable membrane is sandwiched between porous thin films on the air intake side of a gas diffusion electrode.
ガス選択性透過膜には、ポリエチレンまたはポ
リジメチルシロキサンを主成分とする膜などを用
いる。ガス選択性透過膜は孔径の極めて小さい多
孔質膜でも良いが、均質膜の方がガス分離能力、
ガスの選択的透過性が顕著にでる。 As the gas-selective permeable membrane, a membrane containing polyethylene or polydimethylsiloxane as a main component is used. The gas-selective permeable membrane may be a porous membrane with an extremely small pore size, but a homogeneous membrane has better gas separation ability and
Significant selective gas permeability.
ガス選択性透過膜の両面に設ける多孔質薄膜と
しては、ポリエチレン多孔質膜やフツ素樹脂多孔
質膜でよい。 The porous thin films provided on both sides of the gas-selective permeable membrane may be a porous polyethylene film or a porous fluororesin film.
実施例の説明
以下に、実施例により本考案を詳細に説明す
る。DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to Examples.
ポリジメチルシロキサンをベンゼンに溶解し、
その溶液を水面上に延展して約0.2μの膜厚に造膜
する。次に、孔径0.1μ、厚さ50μのフツ素樹脂の
多孔質膜を水面上に浮かべ、フツ素樹脂の多孔質
膜とポリジメチルシロキサンからなるガス選択性
透過膜を密着させる。このガス選択性透過膜と多
孔質膜の一体の二層膜に、ガス選択性透過膜側に
上述と同質の多孔質膜を密着し軽く加圧する。 Dissolve polydimethylsiloxane in benzene,
The solution is spread on the water surface to form a film with a thickness of about 0.2μ. Next, a porous fluororesin membrane with a pore diameter of 0.1 μm and a thickness of 50 μm is floated on the water surface, and the porous fluororesin membrane and the gas-selective permeable membrane made of polydimethylsiloxane are brought into close contact. A porous membrane of the same quality as described above is closely attached to the gas-selective permeable membrane side of this integral two-layer membrane of the gas-selective permeable membrane and the porous membrane, and lightly pressurized.
第１図は上記の方法によつてできた多層膜を用
いた空気電池を示す。 FIG. 1 shows an air cell using a multilayer film made by the above method.
１は底面に空気取入孔２を有する正極ケース、
３は酸素極の支持と空気の拡散とを行なう多孔
体、４は前記の多層膜、５は酸素極、６はセパレ
ータ、７は水酸化カリウムの30〜35重量％水溶液
と汞軟化亜鉛粉末からなる負極、８は封口板、９
はガスケツトである。 1 is a positive electrode case having an air intake hole 2 on the bottom;
3 is a porous body that supports the oxygen electrode and diffuses air, 4 is the multilayer film described above, 5 is the oxygen electrode, 6 is a separator, and 7 is made of a 30 to 35% by weight aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide and softened zinc powder. negative electrode, 8 is a sealing plate, 9
is a gasket.
第２図はその要部を示し、１０はポリジメチル
シロキサンよりなるガス選択性透過膜、１１，１
２はフツ素樹脂の多孔質膜である。 Figure 2 shows the main parts, 10 is a gas selective permeable membrane made of polydimethylsiloxane, 11, 1
2 is a porous membrane of fluororesin.
空気は正極容器１に設けられている空気取入孔
２より入り、ろ紙などの多孔体３を通して多層膜
４に至り、ここで酸素、窒素などは通過するが、
水蒸気は通過しない。通過した酸素は、酸素極５
で電気化学的に還元反応を行ないエネルギーとし
て取り出される。 Air enters through an air intake hole 2 provided in the positive electrode container 1, passes through a porous material 3 such as filter paper, and reaches the multilayer membrane 4, where oxygen, nitrogen, etc. pass through.
Water vapor does not pass through. The oxygen that has passed through the oxygen electrode 5
It undergoes an electrochemical reduction reaction and is extracted as energy.
本実施例はボタン型空気亜鉛電池について示し
たが、円筒型電池にも適用できる。またガス拡散
電極を備える燃料電池にも適用できる。電解液に
ついてもアルカリ性、酸性、中性塩、固体電解質
について使用できる。 Although this embodiment is shown for a button-type zinc-air battery, it can also be applied to a cylindrical-type battery. It can also be applied to fuel cells equipped with gas diffusion electrodes. Regarding the electrolyte, alkaline, acidic, neutral salt, and solid electrolytes can be used.
考案の効果
このようにガスは透過するが水蒸気は透過しな
いガス選択性透過膜を多孔質の薄膜ではさんでサ
ンドイツチ構造の多層膜にすることにより、2μ
以下のガス選択性透過膜はその両面が多孔質の薄
膜で保護されて破れることなく電池内に構成する
ことができる。従来、酸素極側につける場合は、
酸素極とすれて2μ以下のガス選択性透過膜がは
がれたり、また空気側にガス選択性透過膜を取り
付ける場合でも電池ケースに収納する際、電池ケ
ースの内面底部とこすれて、はがれる欠点があつ
たが、本考案では、多孔質の薄膜でガス選択性透
過膜をサンドイツチ構造にはさんだので、ガス選
択性透過膜に損傷を与えず電池内部に配すること
ができる。しかも保護膜は多孔質でガスの供給に
は支障を与えず水蒸気の電池内部への出入を制御
することができ、乾燥による電池内部抵抗の増大
を防ぐことが可能となつた。Effects of the invention In this way, by sandwiching the gas-selective permeable membrane, which allows gas to pass through but not water vapor, and creates a sandwich-structured multilayer membrane with porous thin films, it is possible to
The following gas-selective permeable membrane is protected on both sides by porous thin films and can be constructed in a battery without tearing. Conventionally, when attached to the oxygen electrode side,
A gas-selective permeable membrane with a diameter of 2μ or less may peel off as an oxygen electrode, and even if a gas-selective permeable membrane is installed on the air side, it may rub against the bottom of the inner surface of the battery case when stored in the battery case, causing it to peel off. However, in the present invention, since the gas-selective permeable membrane is sandwiched between the sandwich structure using a porous thin film, it can be placed inside the battery without damaging the gas-selective permeable membrane. In addition, the protective film is porous and can control the entry and exit of water vapor into the battery without interfering with gas supply, making it possible to prevent increases in battery internal resistance due to drying.
第１図は本考案の実施例の空気電池を示す要部
欠截側面図、第２図は同要部の拡大断面図であ
る。
４……多層膜、５……酸素極、１０……ガス選
択性透過膜、１１，１２……多孔質薄膜。
FIG. 1 is a cutaway side view of a main part of an air cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the main part. 4... Multilayer membrane, 5... Oxygen electrode, 10... Gas selective permeable membrane, 11, 12... Porous thin film.
Claims (1)
のガス拡散電極の空気取り入れ側に、ポリエチ
レンまたはポリジメチルシロキサンを主成分と
し、ガスは透過するが水蒸気は透過しないガス
選択性透過膜を多孔質の薄膜ではさんだサンド
イツチ構造の多層膜を設けてなる電池。 (2) ガス選択性透過膜の両面に設ける多孔質の薄
膜がポリエチレン多孔質膜またはフツ素樹脂多
孔質膜である実用新案登録請求の範囲第１項記
載の電池。[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) A gas diffusion electrode containing oxygen as an active material is provided, and the air intake side of the gas diffusion electrode is made of polyethylene or polydimethylsiloxane as a main component, which allows gas to pass through but not water vapor. A battery equipped with a multilayer membrane with a sandwich structure in which a gas-selective permeable membrane that does not permeate is sandwiched between porous thin membranes. (2) The battery according to claim 1, wherein the porous thin films provided on both sides of the gas-selective permeable membrane are polyethylene porous membranes or fluororesin porous membranes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7640183U JPS59181588U (en) | 1983-05-20 | 1983-05-20 | battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7640183U JPS59181588U (en) | 1983-05-20 | 1983-05-20 | battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59181588U JPS59181588U (en) | 1984-12-04 |
| JPH0422545Y2 true JPH0422545Y2 (en) | 1992-05-22 |
Family
ID=30206447
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7640183U Granted JPS59181588U (en) | 1983-05-20 | 1983-05-20 | battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59181588U (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5450930A (en) * | 1977-09-28 | 1979-04-21 | Mallory & Co Inc P R | Metallic air depolarization battery having limited gas passage |
-
1983
- 1983-05-20 JP JP7640183U patent/JPS59181588U/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5450930A (en) * | 1977-09-28 | 1979-04-21 | Mallory & Co Inc P R | Metallic air depolarization battery having limited gas passage |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59181588U (en) | 1984-12-04 |
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