JPH04203375A - Scroll compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent a turning, a poor compression caused by a poor fitting of a fixed scroll, a seizure at sliding part between both scrolls and widen a range of operating pressure by a method wherein a back pressure chamber and a discharging pressure part are communicated through a passage having a resistoring means therein. CONSTITUTION:A part of lubricant oil being kept at a discharging pressure is reduced in its pressure by a resisting means 22, the lubricant oil flows into a back pressure chamber 17, its pressure is reduced through a back pressure hole 16, thereafter the lubricant is flowed into a compression chamber 23 being compressed. With such an arrangement, a resistance value of a resisting means 22, a position of the back pressure hole 16, its resisting value, its sucking pressure and its discharging pressure may determine a pressure in the back pressure chamber 17. Due to this fact, the resisting values of the resisting means 22 and in the back pressure hole 16 are made as appropriate values to enable an appropriate pressure to be kept within the back pressure chamber 7 in respect to the sucking pressure and the discharging pressure. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the turning scroll 6 from being removed from the fixed scroll 5 caused by a lack of pressure in the back pressure chamber 17 and further to prevent a seizure at a sliding part between the turning scroll 6 and the fixed scroll 5 due to an excessive pressure at the back pressure chamber 17.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は冷媒を圧縮するスクロール圧縮機に係り、特に
、旋回スクロールを固定スクロールにガス圧力で密着保
持する中間圧方式において、中間圧力の制御装置に関す
る。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a scroll compressor that compresses refrigerant, and in particular, in an intermediate pressure system in which an orbiting scroll is held in close contact with a fixed scroll by gas pressure, the present invention relates to a scroll compressor that compresses a refrigerant. Regarding equipment.

Ｃ従来の技術〕 スクロール圧縮機の旋回スクロールを固定スクロールに
押し付ける構造は特開昭５３−１．１９４１．２号公報
に記載のように、固定スクロールと旋回スクロールから
形成される圧縮密閉室と旋回スクロールの背面とフレー
ムより形成される背圧室を旋回スクロールの合板に設け
た背圧孔によって連通して、背圧室の圧力を吸入圧力と
吐出圧力の中間の圧力にしていた。C. Prior Art] The structure for pressing the orbiting scroll of a scroll compressor against the fixed scroll is as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 53-1.1941.2. The back pressure chamber formed by the back surface of the scroll and the frame was communicated through a back pressure hole provided in the plywood of the orbiting scroll, and the pressure in the back pressure chamber was set to a pressure between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure.

また、背圧室の圧力を制御する従来の構造は特開昭５７
−７６２９１号公報に記載されているように。In addition, the conventional structure for controlling the pressure in the back pressure chamber is
As described in Publication No.-76291.

背圧室と吸入部とを電磁弁を介して連通して吐出側に設
けた圧力スイッチによって開閉して、特に。In particular, the back pressure chamber and the suction part are communicated through a solenoid valve and opened and closed by a pressure switch provided on the discharge side.

起動時には背圧室の圧力を吸入圧力となるように制御し
ていた。At startup, the pressure in the back pressure chamber was controlled to the suction pressure.

〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕[Problem to be solved by the invention]

上記従来技術の前者における背圧室の圧力は旋回スクロ
ールの合板に設けた背圧孔の位置と吸入圧力によってほ
ぼ決ってしまい、吐出圧力には関係ないため、吐出圧力
が高い場合、旋回スクロールを固定スクロールに押し付
ける力よりも旋回スクロールを固定スクロールから離そ
うとする力が大きくなってしまい、旋回スクロールが固
定スクロールから離れてしまい圧縮不良を生じる。In the former conventional technology, the pressure in the back pressure chamber is almost determined by the position of the back pressure hole provided in the plywood of the orbiting scroll and the suction pressure, and is unrelated to the discharge pressure. Therefore, if the discharge pressure is high, the orbiting scroll The force that attempts to separate the orbiting scroll from the fixed scroll is greater than the force that presses it against the fixed scroll, causing the orbiting scroll to separate from the fixed scroll and resulting in poor compression.

また、吐出圧力が低い場合、旋回スクロールを固定スク
ロールから離そうとする力より、旋回スクロールを固定
スクロールに押し付ける力が大きくなり、旋回、固定ス
クロール間の摺動部の焼付けを生じる問題点があった。In addition, when the discharge pressure is low, the force pushing the orbiting scroll against the fixed scroll is greater than the force trying to separate the orbiting scroll from the fixed scroll, which causes the problem of seizure of the sliding part between the orbiting and fixed scrolls. Ta.

また、従来技術の後者では、背圧室の圧力を、起動時、
あるいは、吐出圧力が大きい時に下げるために、背圧室
と吸入側を電磁弁を介して連通して圧縮量を減らしてい
るが、吸入圧力が小さい時に、旋回スクロールを固定ス
クロールに密着させる手段は設けられておらず、従来技
術の前者と同様に、圧縮を十分行なう必要がある時に旋
回スクロールが固定スクロールから離れてしまい圧縮不
良を生じる問題があった。In addition, in the latter conventional technology, the pressure in the back pressure chamber is
Alternatively, in order to reduce the discharge pressure when it is high, the back pressure chamber and the suction side are communicated via a solenoid valve to reduce the amount of compression, but when the suction pressure is low, there is no way to bring the orbiting scroll into close contact with the fixed scroll. Similar to the former prior art, there is a problem in that the orbiting scroll separates from the fixed scroll when sufficient compression is required, resulting in poor compression.

本発明の目的は、旋回スクロールを固定スクロールに適
度に押し付けて、背圧室の圧力不足による旋回、固定ス
クロールの密着不足による圧縮不良及び、背圧室の圧力
過大による旋回、固定スクロール間の摺動部の焼付きを
防ぎ、吸入および吐出圧力範囲が大きな、すなわち、運
転圧力範囲の広いスクロール圧縮機を提供することにあ
る。An object of the present invention is to press the orbiting scroll against the fixed scroll appropriately to prevent rotation due to insufficient pressure in the back pressure chamber, poor compression due to insufficient contact between the fixed scroll, rotation due to excessive pressure in the back pressure chamber, and sliding between the fixed scrolls. The object of the present invention is to provide a scroll compressor that prevents seizure of moving parts and has a wide suction and discharge pressure range, that is, a wide operating pressure range.

〔課題を解決するための手段〕[Means to solve the problem]

上記目的を達成するために、本発明は旋回スクロールの
合板に旋回、固定画スクロールによって形成される密閉
空間と旋回スクロールの背圧室とを連絡する連絡孔を設
けて、背圧室の圧力を吸入圧力と吐出圧力の中間圧力を
付加すると同時に、背面室と吐出圧力部を抵抗手段を介
した経路で連絡し、吐出圧力状態の油、あるいは、ガス
を抵抗手段を介して背圧室に導き、背圧室の圧力を適度
な圧力にするものである。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a communication hole in the plywood of the orbiting scroll to communicate the sealed space formed by the orbiting and fixed image scrolls with the back pressure chamber of the orbiting scroll, thereby reducing the pressure in the back pressure chamber. At the same time, an intermediate pressure between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure is applied, and the back chamber and the discharge pressure section are connected through a resistance means, and the oil or gas at the discharge pressure is guided to the back pressure chamber through the resistance means. , to maintain the pressure in the back pressure chamber at an appropriate level.

〔作用〕[Effect]

背圧室と吐出圧力部は、抵抗手段を介在した経路で接続
されている。The back pressure chamber and the discharge pressure section are connected through a path with a resistance means interposed therebetween.

また、背圧室と圧縮過程中の圧縮室は背圧孔により接続
されている。Further, the back pressure chamber and the compression chamber during the compression process are connected through a back pressure hole.

運転時には吐出圧力部の冷媒ガス、もしくは、潤滑油が
前記抵抗手段により減圧し、背圧室へ流入する。さらに
、背圧孔を介して圧縮室へ流入する。During operation, the refrigerant gas or lubricating oil in the discharge pressure section is depressurized by the resistance means and flows into the back pressure chamber. Furthermore, it flows into the compression chamber via the back pressure hole.

従って、前記抵抗手段の抵抗値を適切な値とすることに
より、背圧室の圧力が任意の吸入、吐出圧力に対して適
切な圧力となる。Therefore, by setting the resistance value of the resistance means to an appropriate value, the pressure in the back pressure chamber becomes appropriate for arbitrary suction and discharge pressures.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

以下、本発明の一実施例を第１図により説明する。第１
図は本発明を実施した密閉形スクロール圧縮機の全体構
造断面図である。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 1st
The figure is a sectional view of the entire structure of a hermetic scroll compressor embodying the present invention.

第１図において、密閉容器１内の上方には、圧縮機構部
２が、下方には電動機３がそれぞれ配設され、また、密
閉容器１の底部には、潤滑の油溜り４が形成されている
。圧縮機構部２は台板上にうず巻き状のラップ５ａをも
つ固定スクロール５と、同じく台板上にうず巻き状のラ
ップ６ａをもつ旋回スクロール６のラップ同士を組み合
わせた構成となっている。また、旋回スクロール６とフ
レーム７との間には、旋回スクロール６の自転を防止す
るオルダム機構８が設けられている、電動機３は、密閉
容器１に圧力締結され、クランク軸９を介して旋回スク
ロール６を旋回運動させるようになっている。クランク
軸９はフレーム７に設けられた主軸受１０と下部軸受１
１とで支持され。In FIG. 1, a compression mechanism 2 is disposed above and an electric motor 3 is disposed at the bottom of the closed container 1, and an oil reservoir 4 for lubrication is formed at the bottom of the closed container 1. There is. The compression mechanism section 2 has a configuration in which a fixed scroll 5 having a spiral wrap 5a on a base plate is combined with the wraps of an orbiting scroll 6 having a spiral wrap 6a on the base plate. Further, an Oldham mechanism 8 for preventing rotation of the orbiting scroll 6 is provided between the orbiting scroll 6 and the frame 7. The scroll 6 is rotated. The crankshaft 9 has a main bearing 10 and a lower bearing 1 provided on the frame 7.
1 and supported.

そのクランクピンは、旋回スクロール背面に設けた旋回
軸受１２に嵌合されている。The crank pin is fitted into an orbiting bearing 12 provided on the back surface of the orbiting scroll.

クランク軸９内には主軸受１０、下部軸受１１及び旋回
軸受１２へ潤滑油を導く給油通路１３が設けられ、かつ
、クランク軸９の軸端には油溜り４の潤滑油を吸い上げ
て、給油通路１３へ送り込む給油装置が設けられている
。An oil supply passage 13 is provided in the crankshaft 9 to guide lubricating oil to the main bearing 10, the lower bearing 11, and the swing bearing 12, and the shaft end of the crankshaft 9 sucks up the lubricating oil in the oil reservoir 4 to supply oil. A refueling device for feeding oil into the passage 13 is provided.

また、クランク軸９内には、給油通路１３と背圧室１７
を接続する抵抗手段を設けている。In addition, inside the crankshaft 9, there is an oil supply passage 13 and a back pressure chamber 17.
A resistive means is provided for connecting.

次に、動作について説明する。電動機３よりクランク軸
９を介して旋回スクロール６が旋回運動すると、吸入パ
イプ１４より吸入管１５を通って吸入された冷媒ガスは
、固定スクロール５と旋回スクロール６との作用で圧縮
される。Next, the operation will be explained. When the orbiting scroll 6 is rotated by the electric motor 3 via the crankshaft 9, the refrigerant gas sucked from the suction pipe 14 through the suction pipe 15 is compressed by the action of the fixed scroll 5 and the orbiting scroll 6.

圧縮された冷媒ガスは固定スクロール５の上部中心にあ
る吐出孔１８より吐出し、フレーム７の外周部に設けら
れた軸方向（上下方向）の溝で構成された通路１９を通
過し、電動機３を冷却し、吐出管２０を経て吐出パイプ
２１に流出する。The compressed refrigerant gas is discharged from the discharge hole 18 located at the center of the upper part of the fixed scroll 5, passes through a passage 19 composed of an axial (vertical) groove provided on the outer periphery of the frame 7, and is then discharged from the electric motor 3. is cooled and flows out through the discharge pipe 20 to the discharge pipe 21.

一方、吐出圧力状態の潤滑油の一部は抵抗手段２２にお
いて減圧し、背圧室１７に流入する。On the other hand, a portion of the lubricating oil at the discharge pressure is reduced in pressure in the resistance means 22 and flows into the back pressure chamber 17 .

さらに、背圧室１７に流入した潤滑油は背圧孔１６で減
圧した後、圧縮過程中の圧縮室２３へ流入する。Furthermore, the lubricating oil that has flowed into the back pressure chamber 17 is depressurized through the back pressure hole 16 and then flows into the compression chamber 23 during the compression process.

これにより抵抗手段２２の抵抗値、背圧孔１６の位置及
び抵抗値、吸入圧力、吐出圧力により背圧室１７の圧力
が決定する。As a result, the pressure in the back pressure chamber 17 is determined by the resistance value of the resistance means 22, the position and resistance value of the back pressure hole 16, suction pressure, and discharge pressure.

このため、抵抗手段２２及び背圧孔１６の抵抗値を適切
な値とすることにより、任意の吸入圧力、吐出圧力に対
して、背圧室１７内に適切な圧力を確保できる。Therefore, by setting the resistance values of the resistance means 22 and the back pressure hole 16 to appropriate values, an appropriate pressure can be ensured in the back pressure chamber 17 for any suction pressure and discharge pressure.

これにより、背圧室１７の圧力不足による旋回スクロー
ル６の固定スクロール５からの離脱、及び背圧室１７の
圧力過大による旋回スクロール６と固定スクロール５間
の摺動部の焼付きを防止する。This prevents separation of the orbiting scroll 6 from the fixed scroll 5 due to insufficient pressure in the back pressure chamber 17, and prevents seizure of the sliding portion between the orbiting scroll 6 and the fixed scroll 5 due to excessive pressure in the back pressure chamber 17.

なお、抵抗手段２２は、本実施例では第１図のように、
クランク軸内に細孔を設けたが、他にすべり軸受内径と
クランク軸９の外径から成る隙間部を給油通路１３と背
圧室１７とを連通ずる抵抗手段とする方法、また、第２
図に示すように旋回軸受１２や下軸受１１に用いるすべ
り軸受内面に溝を設け、その溝を抵抗手段とする方法等
がある。In addition, in this embodiment, the resistance means 22 is as shown in FIG.
Although a small hole is provided in the crankshaft, there is also a method in which a gap formed by the inner diameter of the sliding bearing and the outer diameter of the crankshaft 9 is used as a resistance means for communicating the oil supply passage 13 and the back pressure chamber 17.
As shown in the figure, there is a method in which a groove is provided on the inner surface of the sliding bearing used in the swing bearing 12 and the lower bearing 11, and the groove is used as a resistance means.

これらでは、軸受すきま、軸受溝２４の深さ、＠。In these, the bearing clearance, the depth of the bearing groove 24, @.

形状を適切とすることにより、給油通路１３より、軸受
すきまを通過して、背圧室１７に流入する潤滑油に対す
る抵抗値が適切となる。By making the shape appropriate, the resistance value against the lubricating oil flowing from the oil supply passage 13 into the back pressure chamber 17 through the bearing clearance becomes appropriate.

また、第３図に他の実施例を示す。Further, FIG. 3 shows another embodiment.

本実施例において吐出圧力部の冷媒ガスもしくは潤滑油
を、キャピラリチューブ２５を介して、背圧室１７に連
通させている。In this embodiment, the refrigerant gas or lubricating oil in the discharge pressure section is communicated with the back pressure chamber 17 via the capillary tube 25.

＝７− 本実施例では、実施例と同様、吐出圧力部の冷媒ガス、
もしくは、潤滑油の一部が、キャピラリチューブ２５で
減圧され、背圧室１７を経て、さらに、背圧孔１６で減
圧され、圧縮室２３へ流入する。=7− In this example, as in the example, the refrigerant gas in the discharge pressure section,
Alternatively, part of the lubricating oil is depressurized in the capillary tube 25, passes through the back pressure chamber 17, is further depressurized in the back pressure hole 16, and flows into the compression chamber 23.

このため、キャピラリチューブ２５の内径及び長さ、背
圧孔１６の抵抗値及び位置を、適切な値とすることによ
り、任意の吸入圧力、吐出圧力に対して、背圧室１７の
圧力が適切な値となる。Therefore, by setting the inner diameter and length of the capillary tube 25 and the resistance value and position of the back pressure hole 16 to appropriate values, the pressure in the back pressure chamber 17 can be adjusted appropriately for any suction pressure and discharge pressure. It becomes a value.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

本発明によれば、密閉形スクロール圧縮機で、背圧室内
の圧力を制御することが可能となり、背圧室内の圧力不
足による、旋回スクロールと固定スクロールの密着不良
による圧縮不良及び、背圧室内の圧力過大による旋回ス
クロールと固定スクロール間の摺動部の焼付きを防ぎ、
吸入圧力、及び、吐出圧力範囲の大きな、すなわち、運
転範囲の広いスクロール圧縮機を提供することができる
。According to the present invention, it is possible to control the pressure inside the back pressure chamber in a hermetic scroll compressor. Prevents seizure of the sliding part between the orbiting scroll and fixed scroll due to excessive pressure,
It is possible to provide a scroll compressor with a wide suction pressure and discharge pressure range, that is, a wide operating range.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本発明の一実施例の断面図、第２図は本発明の
一実施例の軸受内面の展開図、第３図は、本発明の他の
実施例の断面図を示す。 １・・・密閉容器、２・・・圧縮機構部、３・・・電動
機、４・・・油溜り、５・・・固定スクロール、６・・
・旋回スクロール、７・・・フレーム、８・・・オルダ
ムリング、９・・クランク軸、１０・・・主軸受、１１
・・・下軸受、１２・・旋回軸受、１３・・・給油通路
、１４・・・吸入パイプ、１５・・吸入管、１６・・・
背圧孔、１７・・・背圧室。 １８・・・吐出孔、１９・・通路、２０・・・吐出管、
２２・・・抵抗手段、２３・・・圧縮室、２４・・・溝
、２５・・・キャピラリチューブ。 港囲圀FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a developed view of the inner surface of a bearing of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Airtight container, 2... Compression mechanism section, 3... Electric motor, 4... Oil reservoir, 5... Fixed scroll, 6...
・Orbiting scroll, 7...Frame, 8...Oldham ring, 9...Crankshaft, 10...Main bearing, 11
...lower bearing, 12...swivel bearing, 13...oil supply passage, 14...suction pipe, 15...suction pipe, 16...
Back pressure hole, 17...back pressure chamber. 18...Discharge hole, 19...Passage, 20...Discharge pipe,
22...Resistance means, 23...Compression chamber, 24...Groove, 25...Capillary tube. Port enclosure

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] １．台板にうず巻状のラップを直立した旋回スクロール
と、前記ラップに対応する前記うず巻状のラップを直立
した固定スクロールを互いに噛合わせ、前記旋回スクロ
ールの自転を防止し、旋回運動をする手段を設け、前記
旋回スクロールの前記台板に前記両スクロールによって
形成される密閉空間と前記旋回スクロールの背圧室を連
絡する背圧孔を設けて、背圧室の圧力を吸入圧力と吐出
圧力との中間圧力を付加しながら、前記旋回スクロール
を旋回運動させて冷媒ガスを吸入圧縮する圧縮機におい
て、 前記背圧室と吐出圧力部とを抵抗手段を介在した経路で
連絡したことを特徴とするスクロール圧縮機。1. Means for preventing rotation of the orbiting scroll and performing an orbiting motion by interlocking an orbiting scroll with a spiral wrap upright on a base plate and a fixed scroll with the spiral wrap corresponding to the lap upright. A back pressure hole is provided in the base plate of the orbiting scroll to communicate the sealed space formed by both the scrolls and the back pressure chamber of the orbit scroll, and the pressure in the back pressure chamber is divided into suction pressure and discharge pressure. The compressor sucks and compresses refrigerant gas by rotating the orbiting scroll while applying an intermediate pressure of . scroll compressor.