JPH037913A - Liquid crystal oriented film and production thereof and liquid crystal display device using this film - Google Patents
Liquid crystal oriented film and production thereof and liquid crystal display device using this filmInfo
- Publication number
- JPH037913A JPH037913A JP34065689A JP34065689A JPH037913A JP H037913 A JPH037913 A JP H037913A JP 34065689 A JP34065689 A JP 34065689A JP 34065689 A JP34065689 A JP 34065689A JP H037913 A JPH037913 A JP H037913A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- alignment film
- silane surfactant
- carbon chain
- silane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 78
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000005262 ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorosilane Chemical group Cl[SiH](Cl)Cl ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005337 azoxy group Chemical group [N+]([O-])(=N*)* 0.000 claims 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims 2
- KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilane Chemical group Cl[SiH3] KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002120 nanofilm Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000244203 Caenorhabditis elegans Species 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005660 hydrophilic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 methyl ethynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は 液晶を用いた画像表示装置およびその製造方
法に関するものであム
さらに詳しくζ上 ＴＶ両画像コンピュータ画像等を表
示する液晶を用いた平面表示パネルに用いる液晶配向膜
およびその製造方法およびそれを用いた液晶表示装置と
その製造方法に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an image display device using a liquid crystal and a method for manufacturing the same. The present invention relates to a liquid crystal alignment film used in a panel, a method for manufacturing the same, a liquid crystal display device using the same, and a method for manufacturing the same.
従来の技術
従来カラー液晶表示パネル（表 マトリックス状に配置
された対向電極を形成した２つの基板の間にポリビニル
アルコールやポリイミドをスピナーで塗布した後ラビン
グした液晶配向膜を介して液晶を封入した装置が一般的
であっ九
例え（瓜 第８図に示すようへ 手取 第１のガラス基
板３１上に画素電極３２を持ったＴＦＴアレイ３３を形
成したものと、第２のガラス基板３４上に複数個の赤青
緑のカラーフィルター３５が形成さ扛 さらにその上に
共通透明電極３６が形成されたもののそれぞれに ポリ
ビニルアルコールやポリイミドをスピナーを用いて回転
塗布形成Ｌ ラビングを行ない液晶配向膜３７を形成ヒ
スペーサ−３８を介して対向して接着剤３９で接着し組
み立てた徽 ツイストネマチック（ＴＮ）液晶４０等を
注入しパネル構造を形成した徹 パネルの裏表に偏光板
４１．４２を設置し バックライト４３を照射しなが６
ＴＰＴを動作させ矢Ｅｌｌ Ａの方向にカラー画像
を表示する構造であａ発明が解決しようとする課題
しかしなが収 従来の配向膜の作成（上 ポリビニルア
ルコールやポリイミドを有機溶媒に溶解させ回転塗布法
などを用いて塗布形成した後、フェルト布等を用いてラ
ビングを行なう方法が用いられていたたべ 大面積パネ
ル（例えば１４インチデイスプレィ）では配向膜の均一
コーティングが難しいという課題があっ九
まｔ、：、回転塗布では塗布厚が数ミクロン程度にもな
り、強誘電液晶のような１０００オングストローム程度
の厚みの配向膜を必要とする表示パネルで（瓜 性能が
大幅に低減されるという大きな欠点があっ九
本発明（上 大面積パネルにも容易に均一形成でき、か
つ極めて薄い配向膜と、その製造１去 その配向膜を用
いた液晶表示装置及びその製造方法を提供することを目
的とすム
課題を解決するための手段
本発明（よ 直鎖状の炭素鎖を有するシラン系界面活性
剤が、 電極上に直接又は任意の薄膜を介して間接的に
化学吸着して形成された単分子膜を用いた液晶配向膜お
よびその製造方法で、従来の課題を解決したものであ翫
イ乍用
液晶表示装置に使用される配向膜に化学吸着法を用いる
ことにより、高能率で均一かつ薄い配向膜を作成できも
実施例
以上 実施例を第１〜７図を用いて説明すも第１図に示
すようへ 例えばガラスや石英等の親水性の基板１をよ
く乾燥した眞 直接表面に化学吸着法により全面シラン
界面活性剤を吸着反応させて、シラン界面活性剤よりな
る単分子吸着膜２を形成すも （第１図東 Ｒ１、Ｒ２
は置換基を示すが１１でもよい）
即ち例えば第１図に示したような配向Ｍｌよ 以下のよ
うにして製造されも
シラン界面活性剤として直鎖状の長い炭素５Ｊ１３、例
えばＲ＋−（ＣＨ２）ｎ −３ｉＣ１ｓ （ｎは整数で
１０〜２５程度が最も扱い易く、配向効果も大きい）を
持つと、直鎖状の短い炭素鎖４、例えばＲｚ −（ＣＨ
ａ ）＊ −３ｉＣ１ｓ （ｔｎは整数で、例えばｎが
１０〜２５の場合にはｍは１〜５カ（配向効果が太き（
〜 またｎとのとの差は５以上が望ましくＮｏ）を持２
とを、例えば１：２に混合して用い（な耘 直鎖状の長
い炭素鎖と、短い炭素鎖のシラン系界面活性剤との混合
比ｉ１ １：Ｏ〜１：１０の範囲がか適当であム ）、
２Ｘ １０−３〜５ｘ １０−”ｍｏｌ／ｌ程度の濃度
で溶かした８０％ｎ−ヘキサデカン、１２％四塩化炭魚
８％クロロホルム溶液を調整し 前記基板１を浸漬す
ム
このとき、前記基板ｌは表面が親水性であり、表面には
一〇Ｈ基が含まれていも 従って、−３ｉＣｈ基と一〇
〇が脱塩酸反応して
〇−
活性剤による単分子吸着膜２が基板表面に１層形成され
その厚みは例えば１０〜３０Ａ程度であも即板 基板
表面に発水性の長さの異なる直鎖状の炭素鎖で、特定の
比率で並んだ状態の単分子膜２が形成されも
従って、この様な配向膜の形成された基板に液晶が接す
ると、第２図に示すように液晶５の分子（上 単分子吸
着膜の長い炭素鎖３ａの間隙に入り込み、全体として液
晶の配向が制御されも なおここで３ａ及び４ａｆ友
第１図における長い炭素ｔ１１３と短い炭素鎖４をそれ
ぞれ模式的に示したものであム
なお、化学吸着用の材料としてｌｅｔ、 −ＯＨ基に
対して結合性を有する基（例えばモノクロロシラン基（
−５ｉＣ１基）等）を含んでいれば 実施例で示したシ
ラン系界面活性剤に限定されるものではなしも例えよ
直鎖状の炭素鎖の一部にＦ（フッ素）を含むシラン界面
活性剋 例えばＣＦ＊ −（ＣＨｔ ）。−３ｉＣｈ輸
は整数で１０〜２５程度が最も扱いやすい）、またはＣ
Ｆ３−（ＣＦ２）＋＋（ＣＨ２）ｎ−３ｉＣ１ｓ （ｍ
、 ｎは整数で、合計か１０〜２５が最も扱い易しモ）
等を用いてｋ 単分子吸着膜を製造できも
また 直鎖状の長い炭素鎖の一部が任意の置換基（Ｒ＋
）で、他の一端がトリクロロシラン基のシラン系界面活
性剤と、直鎖状の短い炭素鎖の一部か任意の置換基（Ｒ
２）で、他の一端がトリクロロシラン基のシラン系界面
活性剤を所定の比率で混合し 吸着形成を行えば配向特
性を変化させることも可能である。Conventional technology Conventional color liquid crystal display panel (Table 1) A device in which polyvinyl alcohol or polyimide is coated with a spinner between two substrates with opposing electrodes arranged in a matrix, and then liquid crystal is sealed through a liquid crystal alignment film that is rubbed. For example, as shown in FIG. Red, blue, and green color filters 35 are formed.Furthermore, a common transparent electrode 36 is formed on each of them. Polyvinyl alcohol or polyimide is spin-coated using a spinner, and rubbed to form a liquid crystal alignment film 37.His spacer Polarizing plates 41 and 42 are installed on the back and front of the panel, and a backlight 43 is installed on the back and front of the panel. Irradiation Shinaga 6
The problem that the invention aims to solve is to create a structure that displays a color image in the direction of the arrow Ell A by operating the TPT.Creating a conventional alignment film (Part 1) Dissolving polyvinyl alcohol or polyimide in an organic solvent and spinning coating For large-area panels (for example, 14-inch displays), it is difficult to uniformly coat the alignment film. t:, With spin coating, the coating thickness can be as large as several microns, which is a major drawback in that the performance is significantly reduced in display panels such as ferroelectric liquid crystals that require an alignment film approximately 1000 angstroms thick. An object of the present invention is to provide an extremely thin alignment film that can be easily and uniformly formed even on a large-area panel, a liquid crystal display device using the alignment film, and a method for manufacturing the same. Means for Solving the Problems of the Present Invention (1) A single molecule formed by chemically adsorbing a silane surfactant having a linear carbon chain onto an electrode directly or indirectly through an arbitrary thin film. This is a liquid crystal alignment film using a film and its manufacturing method, which solves the conventional problems.By using a chemical adsorption method for the alignment film used in digital liquid crystal display devices, it is possible to produce a highly efficient, uniform and thin film. Although the alignment film can be created, the example is explained using Figs. 1 to 7, but as shown in Fig. A monomolecular adsorption film 2 made of the silane surfactant is formed by adsorbing and reacting the silane surfactant on the entire surface using an adsorption method (Fig. 1 East R1, R2).
indicates a substituent, but may also be 11) That is, for example, from the orientation Ml as shown in FIG. When n −3iC1s (n is an integer of about 10 to 25 is easiest to handle and has a large orientation effect), a short linear carbon chain 4, for example Rz −(CH
a ) * -3iC1s (tn is an integer, for example, when n is 10 to 25, m is 1 to 5 (the orientation effect is thick (
~ Also, the difference between n and 2 is preferably 5 or more.
For example, a mixing ratio of a long straight carbon chain and a silane surfactant with a short carbon chain is preferably in the range of 1:0 to 1:10. Deam),
Prepare a solution of 80% n-hexadecane, 12% carbon tetrachloride, and 8% chloroform dissolved at a concentration of 2X 10-3 to 5x 10-'' mol/l, and immerse the substrate 1 in the solution. has a hydrophilic surface, and even though the surface contains 10H groups, -3iCh groups and 100 react with dehydrochloric acid, forming a monomolecular adsorption film 2 of the activator on the substrate surface. A monomolecular film 2 is formed on the surface of the substrate, with water-repellent linear carbon chains of different lengths arranged in a specific ratio. Therefore, when a liquid crystal comes into contact with a substrate on which such an alignment film is formed, as shown in FIG. is controlled, but here 3a and 4af friends
The long carbon t113 and the short carbon chain 4 in FIG.
-5iC1 group) etc.), it is not limited to the silane surfactants shown in the examples.
Silane surfactants containing F (fluorine) in a part of the linear carbon chain, such as CF*-(CHt). -3iCh import is an integer of 10 to 25, which is easiest to handle), or C
F3-(CF2)++(CH2)n-3iC1s (m
, n is an integer, the sum or 10 to 25 is easiest to handle)
It is also possible to produce a monomolecular adsorption film using, for example, a monomolecular adsorption film of k.
), a silane surfactant whose other end is a trichlorosilane group, and a part of a short linear carbon chain or an arbitrary substituent (R
In 2), it is also possible to change the orientation characteristics by mixing a silane surfactant whose other end is a trichlorosilane group at a predetermined ratio and performing adsorption formation.
ここで上述した任意の置換基Ｒ＋もしくはＲ２として（
上 例えば水嵩 ビニル基 メチルエチニル基寛 液晶
分子の配向を妨げない置換基であれば何れでもよし℃
また第３図に示したようへ 封入する液晶２同じ液晶分
子（例えばネマティック液晶部６）を、置換基の一部に
結合したシラン系界面活性剤と、短い炭素鎖を持つシラ
ン系界面活性剤とを所定の比率で混合し 吸着形成を行
え（瓜 封入する特定の液晶に対して特に配向特性の優
れた配向膜が得られも （第３回虫 Ｒ＊（！ 通常
炭化水素鎖の置換基を示すがＨでもよい）
従って第４図に示したよう＃ζ この様なネマティック
液晶部６ａを持つ配向膜の形成された基板にネマティッ
ク液晶７が接すると、ネマティック液晶７の分子は単分
子吸着膜のネマティック液晶部６ａの間隙に入り込み、
全体として液晶の配向角度か極めてよく制御されも な
おここで６ａ及びＪａｌ＆ 第３図におけるネマティ
ック液晶部６と短い炭素鎖４をそれぞれ模式的に示した
ものであム
さらにまた第５図に示したよう圏 封入する液晶分子が
強誘電液晶である場合（上 強誘電液晶部８が結合した
シラン系界面活性剤と、短い炭素鎖を持つシラン系界面
活性剤とを所定の比率で吸着形成ずれば 単分子吸着膜
の配向膜を作成できムな敷 強誘電液晶としては アゾ
メチンム アゾギシ系またはエステル系の何れかを用い
ることが出来も
またこの場合にｋ この様な強誘電液晶部８を持つ配向
膜の形成された基板に強誘電液晶が接すると、第６図に
示すように強誘電液晶９の分子（電車分子吸着膜の強誘
電液晶部８ａの間隙に入り込へ 全体として液晶の配向
性が極めてよく制御されも なお、ここで、８ａ及び４
ａ（友 第５図における強誘電液晶部８と短い炭素鎖４
とをそれぞれ模式的に示したものであも
な耘 以上の実施例では最も代表的なものとして、所定
の比率で混合された複数種のシラン系界面活性剤を同時
に化学吸着させた液晶配向膜の伊（および液晶分子を結
合したシラン系界面活性剤と、短い炭素鎖を持つシラン
系界面活性剤とが、 所定の比率で吸着形成されている
単分子膜よりなる液晶配向膜の例を示したが、 直鎖状
の炭素鎖を含むシラン系界面活性剤のみで液晶配向膜を
吸着作成した場合に（友 前記液晶をほぼ垂直に配向さ
せることができる液晶配向膜を作成できた
さら凶 この様な配向膜を用いて、液晶表示装置を製造
する場合、第７図に示した一例に基づき説明すも
あらかじめマトリックス状に載置された第１の電極群１
１と、この電極を駆動するトランジスター群１２を有す
る第１の基板１３上と、第１の電極群と対向するように
カラーフィルター群１４と、第２の電極１５を載置した
第２の基板１６上とを用意すム
これら基板１３と基板１６をそれぞれシラン系界面活性
剤を存する非水系の有機溶媒中（例えば「ｌ−パラフィ
ンを用いれば 長い分子の配向を効率よく制御すること
が出来 特にｎ−ヘキサデカン（よ その効果が著しＬ
ｓ ）に浸漬し シラン系界面活性剤を化学吸着させ
、それぞれの基板表面に直接前記活性剤のシリコンと前
記基板表面の自然酸化膜とを化学結合させて、液晶配向
膜用の単分子をそれぞれ各１層づつ形成すも
なお基板１３及び基板１６の表面に例えば５Ｌ０２等の
薄膜を、例えばＣＶＤ法やスパッタ法を用いて形成して
用いてもよく、また例えばポリビニルアルコール ゼラ
チン等の親水性の高分子を塗布して用いてもよ賎
シラン系界面活性剤を化学結合させた第１の基板１３と
第２の基板１６とを、それぞれ電極が対抗するように位
置合わせして、互いの基板にスペーサ−１８で間隙を設
け、接着剤１９で固定すもこのようにして形成された間
隙＆へ 所定の液晶２０を注入すム
その後、偏光板２１、２２を組み合わせて完成する。Here, as any substituent R+ or R2 mentioned above (
For example, water bulk, vinyl group, methyl ethynyl group, any substituent that does not interfere with the alignment of liquid crystal molecules.C Also, as shown in Figure 3, the same liquid crystal molecules (for example, nematic liquid crystal part 6) of the liquid crystal 2 to be encapsulated are substituted. A silane surfactant bonded to a part of the group and a silane surfactant with a short carbon chain are mixed in a predetermined ratio to form an adsorbent. Even if an excellent alignment film is obtained (3rd roundworm R* (! Usually indicates a substituent on a hydrocarbon chain, but H may also be used), #ζ as shown in FIG. When the nematic liquid crystal 7 comes into contact with the substrate on which the film is formed, the molecules of the nematic liquid crystal 7 enter the gaps between the nematic liquid crystal parts 6a of the monomolecular adsorption film.
As a whole, the orientation angle of the liquid crystal is very well controlled.The nematic liquid crystal part 6 and the short carbon chain 4 in FIG. 3 are schematically shown in FIG. When the liquid crystal molecules to be enclosed are ferroelectric liquid crystals (above), if the silane surfactant to which the ferroelectric liquid crystal part 8 is bonded and the silane surfactant having a short carbon chain are adsorbed and formed in a predetermined ratio. In this case, it is also possible to use either azomethine, azomethine, or ester as the ferroelectric liquid crystal. When the ferroelectric liquid crystal comes into contact with the substrate on which the ferroelectric liquid crystal is formed, as shown in FIG. Note that here, 8a and 4
a (Friend) Ferroelectric liquid crystal part 8 and short carbon chain 4 in Figure 5
In the above examples, the most typical one is a liquid crystal alignment film in which multiple types of silane surfactants mixed at a predetermined ratio are simultaneously chemically adsorbed. An example of a liquid crystal alignment film consisting of a monomolecular film in which a silane surfactant bonded with liquid crystal molecules and a silane surfactant with a short carbon chain are adsorbed and formed in a predetermined ratio is shown below. However, when a liquid crystal alignment film was adsorbed and created using only a silane surfactant containing linear carbon chains, it was possible to create a liquid crystal alignment film that could align the liquid crystals almost vertically. When manufacturing a liquid crystal display device using an alignment film such as
1, a first substrate 13 having a transistor group 12 for driving this electrode, and a second substrate having a color filter group 14 and a second electrode 15 placed so as to face the first electrode group. The substrates 13 and 16 are prepared in a non-aqueous organic solvent containing a silane surfactant (for example, if l-paraffin is used, the orientation of long molecules can be efficiently controlled. n-hexadecane (which has a remarkable effect)
s) to chemically adsorb a silane-based surfactant, and chemically bond the active agent silicon and the natural oxide film on the substrate surface directly to the surface of each substrate to form a single molecule for the liquid crystal alignment film. Alternatively, a thin film such as 5L02 may be formed on the surface of the substrate 13 and the substrate 16 by using a CVD method or a sputtering method. A first substrate 13 and a second substrate 16, each coated with a polymer and chemically bonded with a silane-based surfactant, are aligned so that their electrodes face each other. A gap is provided with a spacer 18, and a predetermined liquid crystal 20 is injected into the gap thus formed and fixed with an adhesive 19. Thereafter, the polarizing plates 21 and 22 are assembled to complete the process.
この様なデバイスで（友 バックライト２３全面に照射
しなか収 ビデオ信号を用いて各々のトランジスタを駆
動すれ（′Ｌ 矢印Ａの方向に映像を表示できも
なお本発明によれば 配向膜の製造工程でラビングは必
ずしも必要ではないが、ラビングを行っても良いことは
勿論であム
発明の効果
以上述べてきた方法（よ 液晶配向膜の製造置型極表面
に直接シラン界面活性剤を単分子状に１層化学吸着させ
る方法を用いているたべ 高能率で均一かつ薄く作成で
きる効果があ翫
さらに 吸着形成された配向膜ζ瓜 特定の液晶例えば
ネマティック液晶や強誘電液晶を結合させることが可能
なた八 極めて配向制御性がよ（℃また 液晶と電極の
間に挟まれる絶縁性の膜としては極めて薄いので、液晶
表示装置の駆動エネルギーを少なく出来る効果もあム
なお本発明の方法を用いた配向膜 及びこの配向膜を用
いた液晶セルで（友 分子内ダイポールの大きな分子を
特定の方向に向きをそろえて並べることができるので、
極めて大きな２次非線形光学効果を発現させることも可
能とな翫Even if such a device can display an image in the direction of arrow A without illuminating the entire backlight 23 and driving each transistor using a video signal, according to the present invention, it is still possible to produce an alignment film. Although rubbing is not necessarily required in the process, it is of course possible to perform rubbing. Using a single-layer chemical adsorption method, it is possible to create a uniform and thin layer with high efficiency.Furthermore, the adsorbed alignment film can be used to bond specific liquid crystals, such as nematic liquid crystals and ferroelectric liquid crystals. Furthermore, since the insulating film sandwiched between the liquid crystal and the electrode is extremely thin, the method of the present invention has the effect of reducing the driving energy of the liquid crystal display device. With an alignment film and a liquid crystal cell using this alignment film, large intramolecular dipole molecules can be aligned in a specific direction.
It is also possible to produce extremely large second-order nonlinear optical effects.
第１１ｉ 第３図及び第５図は分子レベルまで拡大し
た概念は 第２巨 第４図及び第６図は液晶を封゛大し
た場合の液晶分子の配向の状態の模式的は 第７図は本
発泡の配向膜を用いた液晶表示デバイスの断面概念は
第８図従来の配向膜を用いた液晶表示デバイスの断面概
念図を示す。
ｌ・・・基板、 ２・・・単分子吸着ａ ３． ３ａ
・・・長い炭素坑 ４，４ａ・・・短い炭素ｌＬ ５・
・・液ａ６゜６ａ・・・ネマチック液晶訊 ７・・・ネ
マチック液晶８、８ａ・・・強誘電液晶区 ９・・・強
誘電液晶 １７・・・単分子配向膜11i Figures 3 and 5 show the concept expanded to the molecular level. Figures 4 and 6 show the schematic diagram of the state of orientation of liquid crystal molecules when the liquid crystal is enlarged. The cross-sectional concept of a liquid crystal display device using this foamed alignment film is
FIG. 8 shows a conceptual cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device using a conventional alignment film. l...Substrate, 2...Single molecule adsorption a3. 3a
...Long carbon pit 4,4a...Short carbon 1L 5.
...Liquid a6゜6a... Nematic liquid crystal 7... Nematic liquid crystal 8, 8a... Ferroelectric liquid crystal 9... Ferroelectric liquid crystal 17... Monomolecular alignment film
Claims (27)
極上に直接または任意の薄膜を介して間接に化学吸着形
成された単分子膜を用いることを特徴とした液晶配向膜
。(1) A liquid crystal alignment film characterized by using a monomolecular film in which a silane surfactant having a linear carbon chain is chemically adsorbed directly or indirectly through an arbitrary thin film on an electrode.
い炭素鎖を持つシラン系界面活性剤と、短い炭素鎖を持
つシラン系界面活性剤とを、所定の比率で混合されたも
のであることを特徴とした請求項１記載の液晶配向膜。(2) A silane surfactant with a linear carbon chain is a mixture of a silane surfactant with a long carbon chain and a silane surfactant with a short carbon chain at a predetermined ratio. The liquid crystal alignment film according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal alignment film is a liquid crystal alignment film.
素鎖の炭素数が１〜５であることを特徴とした、請求項
２記載の液晶配向膜。(3) The liquid crystal aligning film according to claim 2, wherein the long carbon chain has 10 to 25 carbon atoms, and the short carbon chain has 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
リクロロシラン基であるシラン系界面活性剤と、短い炭
素鎖の一端が任意の置換基で他の一端がトリクロロシラ
ン基であるシラン系界面活性剤であることを特徴とした
、請求項２もしくは３何れかに記載の液晶配向膜。(4) A silane surfactant in which one end of a long carbon chain is an arbitrary substituent and the other end is a trichlorosilane group, and one end of a short carbon chain is an arbitrary substituent and the other end is a trichlorosilane group. The liquid crystal alignment film according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it is a silane surfactant.
ン系界面活性剤を、電極上に直接または任意の薄膜を介
して間接に化学吸着形成された単分子膜を用いることを
特徴とした液晶配向膜。(5) A liquid crystal characterized by using a monomolecular film of a silane surfactant containing a compound having a structure similar to that of liquid crystal molecules, formed on an electrode by chemisorption, either directly or indirectly through an arbitrary thin film. Orientation film.
ン系界面活性剤と、短い直鎖状の炭素鎖を持つシラン系
界面活性剤とを、所定の比率で混合し化学吸着形成され
た単分子膜を用いることを特徴とした 請求項５記載の
液晶配向膜。(6) A silane surfactant containing a compound with a structure similar to that of liquid crystal molecules and a silane surfactant having a short linear carbon chain are mixed at a predetermined ratio to form chemically adsorbed monomers. The liquid crystal alignment film according to claim 5, characterized in that a molecular film is used.
した、請求項５もしくは６何れかに記載の液晶配向膜。(7) The liquid crystal alignment film according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the liquid crystal molecules are nematic liquid crystals.
請求項５もしくは６何れかに記載の液晶配向膜。(8) characterized in that the liquid crystal molecules are ferroelectric liquid crystals;
The liquid crystal alignment film according to claim 5 or 6.
エステル系の何れかであることを特徴とした、請求項８
記載の液晶配向膜。(9) Claim 8, wherein the ferroelectric liquid crystal is one of azomethine type, azoxy type, or ester type.
The liquid crystal alignment film described above.
して間接的に 非水系の有機溶媒中でシラン系界面活性
剤または所定の比率で混合された複数種のシラン系界面
活性剤を同時に化学吸着させ、前記基板表面もしくは前
記任意の薄膜に直接前記活性剤のシリコンと前記基板表
面の自然酸化膜とを化学結合させて単分子膜を１層形成
する工程を含むことを特徴とした液晶配向膜の製造方法
。(10) Simultaneously chemically coat a silane surfactant or multiple types of silane surfactants mixed at a predetermined ratio in a nonaqueous organic solvent directly or indirectly on the surface of a predetermined substrate. Liquid crystal alignment characterized by comprising a step of adsorbing and chemically bonding silicon as the activator and a natural oxide film on the surface of the substrate directly to the surface of the substrate or any thin film to form a monolayer. Membrane manufacturing method.
クロロシラン基誘導体であることを特徴とした、請求項
１０記載の液晶配向膜の製造方法。(11) The method for producing a liquid crystal aligning film according to claim 10, wherein one end of the silane surfactant is at least a monochlorosilane group derivative.
の一端がモノクロロシラン基誘導体であることを特徴と
した、請求項１０もしくは１１何れかに記載の液晶配向
膜の製造方法。(12) The method for producing a liquid crystal aligning film according to claim 10 or 11, wherein one end of the silane surfactant is an arbitrary substituent and the other end is a monochlorosilane group derivative.
持つシラン系界面活性剤と、短い炭素鎖を持つシラン系
界面活性剤とであることを特徴とした、請求項１０記載
の液晶配向膜の製造方法。(13) The liquid crystal according to claim 10, wherein the plurality of types of silane surfactants are a silane surfactant having a long carbon chain and a silane surfactant having a short carbon chain. A method for producing an alignment film.
い炭素鎖を有するシラン系界面活性剤との混合比が、１
：０〜１：１０であることを特徴とした、請求項１３記
載の液晶配向膜の製造方法。(14) The mixing ratio of the silane surfactant with a long carbon chain and the silane surfactant with a short carbon chain is 1
The method for producing a liquid crystal alignment film according to claim 13, wherein the ratio is 0 to 1:10.
合したシラン系界面活性剤と、短い直鎖状の炭素鎖を持
つシラン系界面活性剤とであることを特徴とした、請求
項１０〜１２何れかに記載の液晶配向膜の製造方法。(15) A claim characterized in that the plurality of types of silane surfactants are a silane surfactant bonded to liquid crystal molecules and a silane surfactant having a short linear carbon chain. 13. The method for producing a liquid crystal alignment film according to any one of 10 to 12.
れたシラン系界面活性剤と、短い直鎖状の炭素鎖の一端
が任意の置換基で他の一端がトリクロロシラン基である
シラン系界面活性剤とを用いることを特徴とした、請求
項１５記載の液晶配向膜の製造方法。(16) A silane surfactant in which a trichlorosilane group is bonded to one end of a liquid crystal molecule, and a silane surfactant in which one end of a short linear carbon chain is an arbitrary substituent and the other end is a trichlorosilane group. The method for producing a liquid crystal alignment film according to claim 15, characterized in that the method uses a liquid crystal alignment film.
とした、請求項１５もしくは１６何れかに記載の液晶配
向膜の製造方法。(17) The method for producing a liquid crystal alignment film according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the liquid crystal molecules are nematic liquid crystals.
、請求項１５もしくは１６何れかに記載の液晶配向膜の
製造方法。(18) The method for producing a liquid crystal alignment film according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the liquid crystal molecules are ferroelectric liquid crystals.
エステル系の何れかであることを特徴とした、請求項１
８記載の液晶配向膜の製造方法。(19) Claim 1, characterized in that the ferroelectric liquid crystal is one of azomethine type, azoxy type, or ester type.
8. The method for producing a liquid crystal alignment film according to 8.
特徴とした特許請求の範囲第１０項記載の液晶表示装置
の製造方法。(20) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 10, characterized in that the non-aqueous solvent contains n-paraffin.
とした特許請求の範囲第２０項記載の液晶表示装置の製
造方法。(21) The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 20, wherein the n-paraffin is n-cetane.
の対向する単分子膜よりなる液晶配向膜に、液晶が挟ま
れていることを特徴とする、液晶表示装置。(22) A liquid crystal display device, characterized in that a liquid crystal is sandwiched between liquid crystal alignment films made of two opposing monomolecular films in which a silane surfactant is chemically adsorbed.
つシラン系界面活性剤と、直鎖状の短い炭素数を持つシ
ラン系界面活性剤とを、所定の比率で混合したものであ
ることを特徴とする、請求項２２記載の液晶表示装置。(23) The silane surfactant is a mixture of a silane surfactant with a long linear carbon chain and a silane surfactant with a short linear carbon number in a predetermined ratio. 23. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 22, characterized in that:
、請求項２３記載の液晶表示装置。(24) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 23, wherein the long carbon chain is a liquid crystal molecule.
とした請求項２４記載の液晶表示装置。(25) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 24, wherein the liquid crystal molecules are nematic liquid crystals.
、請求項２４記載の液晶表示装置。(26) The liquid crystal display device according to claim 24, wherein the liquid crystal molecules are ferroelectric liquid crystals.
エステル系の何れかであることを特徴とした、請求項２
６記載の液晶表示装置。(27) Claim 2, characterized in that the ferroelectric liquid crystal is one of azomethine type, azoxy type, or ester type.
6. The liquid crystal display device according to 6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1340656A JP2558903B2 (en) | 1989-03-09 | 1989-12-29 | Liquid crystal alignment film, manufacturing method thereof, and liquid crystal display device using the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5700489 | 1989-03-09 | ||
| JP1-57004 | 1989-03-09 | ||
| JP1340656A JP2558903B2 (en) | 1989-03-09 | 1989-12-29 | Liquid crystal alignment film, manufacturing method thereof, and liquid crystal display device using the same |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP08098212A Division JP3083477B2 (en) | 1996-04-19 | 1996-04-19 | Liquid crystal alignment film, method of manufacturing the same, and liquid crystal display device using the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH037913A true JPH037913A (en) | 1991-01-16 |
| JP2558903B2 JP2558903B2 (en) | 1996-11-27 |
Family
ID=26398016
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1340656A Expired - Fee Related JP2558903B2 (en) | 1989-03-09 | 1989-12-29 | Liquid crystal alignment film, manufacturing method thereof, and liquid crystal display device using the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2558903B2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08262452A (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1996-10-11 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Liquid crystal oriented film, its production and liquid crystal display using the film |
| EP1132147A2 (en) * | 1999-02-10 | 2001-09-12 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Organic thin films, process for the production thereof and equipment therefor |
| US6451392B1 (en) | 1999-07-05 | 2002-09-17 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Chemical adsorbate compound, organic film, liquid crystal alignment film, and liquid crystal display device utilizing the chemical adsorbate compound |
| US6495221B1 (en) | 1997-07-31 | 2002-12-17 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Chemisorptive substance, aligned liquid-crystal film and liquid-crystal display element both made by using the same, and processes for producing these |
| US6517401B1 (en) | 1997-11-18 | 2003-02-11 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Process for the production of monomolecular chemisorption film, and processes for the production of liquid crystal alignment films and liquid crystal displays by using the chemisorption film |
| US6524715B1 (en) | 1999-07-05 | 2003-02-25 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Thin-film forming chemical adsorption material, producing method thereof and applications thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6097324A (en) * | 1983-10-31 | 1985-05-31 | Sharp Corp | Manufacture of liquid crystal display element |
| JPH023017A (en) * | 1988-06-20 | 1990-01-08 | Sony Corp | Liquid crystal display element |
-
1989
- 1989-12-29 JP JP1340656A patent/JP2558903B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6097324A (en) * | 1983-10-31 | 1985-05-31 | Sharp Corp | Manufacture of liquid crystal display element |
| JPH023017A (en) * | 1988-06-20 | 1990-01-08 | Sony Corp | Liquid crystal display element |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08262452A (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1996-10-11 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Liquid crystal oriented film, its production and liquid crystal display using the film |
| US6495221B1 (en) | 1997-07-31 | 2002-12-17 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Chemisorptive substance, aligned liquid-crystal film and liquid-crystal display element both made by using the same, and processes for producing these |
| US6517401B1 (en) | 1997-11-18 | 2003-02-11 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Process for the production of monomolecular chemisorption film, and processes for the production of liquid crystal alignment films and liquid crystal displays by using the chemisorption film |
| EP1132147A2 (en) * | 1999-02-10 | 2001-09-12 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Organic thin films, process for the production thereof and equipment therefor |
| US6451392B1 (en) | 1999-07-05 | 2002-09-17 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Chemical adsorbate compound, organic film, liquid crystal alignment film, and liquid crystal display device utilizing the chemical adsorbate compound |
| US6524715B1 (en) | 1999-07-05 | 2003-02-25 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Thin-film forming chemical adsorption material, producing method thereof and applications thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2558903B2 (en) | 1996-11-27 |
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