JPH0339124B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0339124B2 JPH0339124B2 JP9917985A JP9917985A JPH0339124B2 JP H0339124 B2 JPH0339124 B2 JP H0339124B2 JP 9917985 A JP9917985 A JP 9917985A JP 9917985 A JP9917985 A JP 9917985A JP H0339124 B2 JPH0339124 B2 JP H0339124B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wave
- breaking
- seawater
- plate
- bottom plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/14—Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、法面に小堤体ともいえる砕波板を複
数段配設し、海岸に打寄せる波浪のエネルギーを
減衰させ、同時に打寄せた海水を砕波板内に一時
的に貯溜し、反射波の流れを定常流に近づけるこ
とにより堤体前面の洗掘及び吸出し現象および海
岸線の浸食を防止し、むしろ陸地部分を増大させ
る護岸方法に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention provides a plurality of stages of wave-breaking plates, which can be called small levees, on a slope to attenuate the energy of waves hitting the coast, and at the same time reduce the amount of seawater that hits the shore. This invention relates to a seawall method that prevents scouring and suction phenomena on the front of the embankment body and erosion of the shoreline, and rather increases the land area by temporarily storing reflected waves in a wave-breaking plate and bringing the flow of reflected waves closer to a steady flow.
従来から海岸侵食を防止するため砂浜上に設置
されてきた護岸堤が破損する事故が多発してい
る。これは強い反射波による堤体基礎前面の洗
掘、及び堤体コンクリート面を射流となつて流下
する強い反射波が僅かな堤体間隙、或いは亀裂か
ら、土砂を伴いながら堤内間隙水を吸出す、いわ
ゆる吸出し現象によるものであることが経験的に
知られている。
There have been many accidents in which seawalls, which have traditionally been built on sandy beaches to prevent coastal erosion, are damaged. This is due to strong reflected waves scouring the front of the embankment foundation, and strong reflected waves that flow down the concrete surface of the embankment as jets, sucking out pore water within the embankment from small gaps or cracks in the embankment, accompanied by earth and sand. It is empirically known that this is due to the so-called suction phenomenon.
そこで、多少の吸出しにも耐え、背面土砂が多
少流出しても自立して何とか効用を発揮し続ける
ことができる扶壁式の表のり被覆工法が採用され
た。扶壁式とは堤体前面洗掘に耐えるべく底板を
広くとり、勾配を１：0.5程度にかなり大きくと
つたものである。しかしながら、この扶壁式護岸
堤においては、反射波のエネルギ…があまり減衰
せず砂浜の後退が著しく、反射波による前面の洗
掘及び吸出し現象により依然として波損倒壊事故
が絶えない現状である。 Therefore, a method of covering the front wall with glue was adopted, which can withstand some amount of suction and can stand on its own and continue to function even if some soil flows out from the back. The butt wall type has a wide bottom plate and a fairly large slope of about 1:0.5 in order to withstand scouring in front of the levee body. However, in this buttress-type seawall, the energy of the reflected waves is not attenuated very much, causing the beach to recede significantly, and the front surface is scoured and sucked out by the reflected waves, which still causes wave damage and collapse accidents.
これら護岸堤はいずれも強固なコンクリートで
固められているが、多大のエネルギーをもつて海
岸に打寄せる波浪はコンクリート壁に激突した
後、強い反射流となつて堤体基礎を洗掘する。し
たがつて、法面をコンリートブロツクにより隈な
く被覆すると共に、一時的に海水を貯溜する能力
のある砕波板を複数段階設けるならば、打寄せる
波浪は砕波板内に貯溜された分だけ、水量が減少
し堤体を遡上する力が弱まる。また、波が引くと
きには、海水が砕波板に挟まれた狭い排水路を通
過するため、一時に流下できずエネルギーの小さ
い定常流にちかずき、堤体基礎を洗掘しないとの
知見を得て、本発明を完成したものである。
All of these seawalls are made of strong concrete, but the waves that hit the shore with a lot of energy crash into the concrete walls and turn into strong reflected currents that scour the foundations of the levee bodies. Therefore, if the slope is thoroughly covered with concrete blocks and multiple levels of wave-breaking plates capable of temporarily storing seawater are installed, the amount of water that is accumulated in the breaking waves will be reduced by the amount of water that is stored in the wave-breaking plates. decreases, and the force moving upstream through the embankment body weakens. In addition, when the waves recede, seawater passes through narrow drainage channels sandwiched between breaking wave plates, so it cannot flow down all at once and becomes a steady stream with low energy, which prevents it from scouring the embankment foundation. , has completed the present invention.
〔問題解決の手段〕および〔作用〕
本発明は、コンクリートブロツクを用いて法面
を隈なく被覆し、該コンクリートブロツクに、打
寄せる波浪を減衰させ、打寄せた海水を一時的に
貯溜する機能を有する砕波板を複数段設けると共
に、砕波板と砕波板との間に、一時的に貯溜され
た海水のほぼ全量を次の波までに排出できる排水
路を設けることを特徴とする。[Means for Solving Problems] and [Operation] The present invention has the function of completely covering the slope using concrete blocks, attenuating the waves that hit the concrete blocks, and temporarily storing the seawater that hits the concrete blocks. The present invention is characterized in that a plurality of wave-breaking plates having a wave-breaking plate are provided in multiple stages, and a drainage channel is provided between the wave-breaking plates to allow substantially all of the temporarily stored seawater to be discharged before the next wave.
本発明は、波浪による堤体からの土砂の吸出し
を防止するため、法面をコンクリートを用いて隈
なく被覆する。法面全体にコンクリートを打設し
てもよいが、砕波板を有するコンクリートブロツ
クを密に敷設してもよい。 In the present invention, in order to prevent earth and sand from being sucked out from the embankment body by waves, the slope is thoroughly covered with concrete. Concrete may be placed over the entire slope, but concrete blocks with wave breaking plates may be placed densely.
砕波板は、海岸線とほぼ平行に設けられ、打寄
せる波浪と激突して波浪のエネルギーを減衰させ
るに足る強度を有することが必要である。更に重
要なことは、打寄せた海水を一時的に貯溜する機
能を有することである。そのためには、砕波板は
法面側に多少傾斜して設けられていることが望ま
しい。また、海水が容易に流下しないようにある
程度の長さを有するか、自由な流れを防止するた
めに砕波板から堰板を延出してもよい。 The wave-breaking plate must be provided approximately parallel to the shoreline and must have sufficient strength to collide with the waves that are hitting the shore and attenuate the energy of the waves. More importantly, it has the ability to temporarily store seawater that has washed over it. For this purpose, it is desirable that the wave breaking plate be provided with a slight inclination toward the slope side. Further, the weir plate may have a certain length so that seawater does not easily flow down, or a weir plate may be extended from the wave breaking plate to prevent free flow.
砕波板と砕波板との間には排水路を設ける。排
水路は、打寄せた海水の自由な流下を妨げる隘路
であると共に、貝類、海草類等の生物の付着によ
り閉塞するおそれのない幅、少なくとも70mm、望
ましくは100mm以上を要する。 A drainage channel is provided between the wave breaking plates. Drainage channels must be at least 70 mm wide, preferably at least 100 mm wide, so that they are not only a bottleneck that prevents the free flow of seawater, but are also free from being blocked by organisms such as shellfish and seaweeds.
なお、砕波板としては、多数の突起を有し空隙
率の高いコンクリートブロツクを底板の前面に埋
設してもよい。この場合は、砕波板自体に砕波能
力に加えるに、一時的な貯水能力と排水路を併有
させることができる。 As the wave breaking plate, a concrete block having a large number of protrusions and a high porosity may be buried in the front surface of the bottom plate. In this case, the wave-breaking plate itself can have a temporary water storage capacity and a drainage channel in addition to its wave-breaking ability.
このようにして、法面をコンクリートで隈なく
被覆し、砕波板を複数段に並ぶように配列し、砕
波板と砕波板との間に排水路を形成する。打寄せ
る波浪は砕波板を下から順次越えてくるためにエ
ネルギー及び海水量を減少し、堤体上部まで遡上
しない。引く際には砕波板にせき止められて狭い
排水路を通過して順次流れ落ちる。したがつて砕
波板による砕波効果をあいまつて反射波のエネル
ギーは著しく減衰し、定常流のような緩やかな流
れとなり、堤体基礎を洗掘しない。水は次の波浪
が打寄せる前に流れきり、次の波浪に備えること
ができる。本発明は海岸に限らず、糊岸、川岸な
どいずれの堤防にも実施できる。 In this way, the slope is thoroughly covered with concrete, the wave-breaking plates are arranged in multiple tiers, and drainage channels are formed between the wave-breaking plates. The waves that hit the dam reduce their energy and seawater volume because they pass over the breaking plates one after another from below, and do not run up to the upper part of the dam body. When it is pulled, it is blocked by a wave breaking plate and flows down one by one through a narrow drainage channel. Therefore, the energy of the reflected waves is significantly attenuated by the wave-breaking effect of the wave-breaking plate, and the flow becomes gentle like a steady flow, and does not scour the embankment foundation. The water will drain away before the next wave hits, allowing you to prepare for the next wave. The present invention is not limited to the coast, but can be implemented on any embankment such as a seashore or a riverbank.
法面に砕波板を排水路を残して複数段配設した
本発明により、海岸に打寄せる波浪のエネルギー
を減衰させ、同時に打寄せた海水を砕波板内に一
時的に貯溜し、反射波の流れを定常流に近づける
ことができ、堤体前面の洗掘及び吸出し現象や海
岸線の浸食を防止し、むしろ陸地部分を増大させ
ることができる。
The present invention, in which wave-breaking plates are arranged in multiple stages on the slope leaving drainage channels, attenuates the energy of waves hitting the shore, and at the same time temporarily stores the seawater that hits the shore in the wave-breaking plates, reducing the amount of reflected waves. The flow can be brought closer to a steady flow, preventing scouring and suction phenomena in front of the embankment body and erosion of the shoreline, and rather increasing the land area.
以下、図面を参照し、実施例を挙げて本発明を
詳細に説明する。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明に使用したコンクリートブロツ
クの斜視図である。１は底板、２は底板１に植設
された砕波板であり底面３の一部が底板外方に延
出し、底板の海洋側端部４とで凹部５を形成して
いる。６は曲面の砕波面であり、この面で波浪を
受けてエネルギーを減衰させる。砕波板２は波浪
の衝撃を特に強く受ける部位であるため、底板１
側に傾斜させた。砕波板２は底板１より短く、底
板１表面の砕波板の延長上にあつて、砕波板が設
けられていない部位を排水路形成部７とする。８
は底板１の海岸側端部、、９は底板１と砕波板２
とにより形成された貯水部である。 FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a concrete block used in the present invention. 1 is a bottom plate; 2 is a wave breaking plate installed on the bottom plate 1; a part of the bottom 3 extends outward from the bottom plate, and forms a recess 5 with an ocean side end 4 of the bottom plate. 6 is a curved wave breaking surface, which receives waves and attenuates energy. Since the wave-breaking plate 2 is a part that receives particularly strong impact from waves, the bottom plate 1
tilted to the side. The wave breaking plate 2 is shorter than the bottom plate 1, and the part on the extension of the wave breaking plate on the surface of the bottom plate 1, where the wave breaking plate is not provided, is defined as a drainage channel forming part 7. 8
9 is the shore side end of the bottom plate 1, and 9 is the bottom plate 1 and the wave breaking plate 2.
It is a water storage part formed by.
第３図は第１図のコンクリートブロツクを用い
た護岸堤を法面と垂直に眺めた配置図、第４図は
第３図の−線断面図である。施工にあたつて
は、この護岸用ブロツクを縦横に密着して配列さ
せることにより、砕波板の底面３下部に形成され
た凹部５に底板１の海岸側端部８が嵌入する。排
水路形成部７はそのまま砕波板の欠落部として残
り、排水路１２となる。１０は法面、１１は根固
め工である。海洋から打寄せる波浪は先ず砕波面
６ａに激突して力学的に砕け、海水の一部が貯水
部９ａ中に貯えられる。余つた海水はさらに上段
のブロツクの砕波面６ｂに激突して砕け、一部が
貯水部９ｂ中に貯えられる。かくして順次海水が
上段にのぼるにつれ、海水量が著しく減少し、波
浪エネルギーも減衰する。波が引くときには貯水
部９に貯えられた海水は砕波板２に妨げられ、狭
窄部である排水路１２を通過して下段の貯水部９
に入り、更に下段の排水路１２を流れ落ちる。こ
のように反射波は一時に流れ落ちることができな
いため、減衰し定常流に近いものとなり堤体前面
の洗掘は生じず、更に堤体背面の吸出しもない。
本実施例においてはコンクリートブロツクを法面
に配設するにあたり、上段と下段をずらして配設
したが、必ずしもずらす必要はなく、直行する排
水路であつてもよい。 FIG. 3 is a layout diagram of the seawall using the concrete blocks shown in FIG. 1, viewed perpendicular to the slope, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line -- in FIG. During construction, by arranging the shore protection blocks in close contact with each other vertically and horizontally, the coast-side end 8 of the bottom plate 1 fits into the recess 5 formed in the lower part of the bottom surface 3 of the wave-breaking plate. The drainage channel forming portion 7 remains as it is as a missing portion of the wave breaking plate, and becomes a drainage channel 12. 10 is the slope, and 11 is the foot protection work. Waves crashing from the ocean first collide with the breaking wave surface 6a and break mechanically, and a portion of the seawater is stored in the water storage portion 9a. The remaining seawater further collides with the wave breaking surface 6b of the upper block and breaks, and a portion is stored in the water storage section 9b. As the seawater rises to the upper level, the amount of seawater decreases significantly and the wave energy also attenuates. When the waves recede, the seawater stored in the water storage section 9 is blocked by the wave breaking plate 2 and passes through the drainage channel 12, which is the narrow part, to the lower water storage section 9.
water enters the water, and further flows down the drainage channel 12 at the lower level. In this way, the reflected waves cannot flow down all at once, so they are attenuated and become close to a steady flow, so there is no scouring of the front surface of the levee body, and there is no suction from the back surface of the levee body.
In this embodiment, when placing the concrete blocks on the slope, the upper and lower tiers were staggered, but it is not necessary to stagger them, and the drainage channels may run perpendicularly to each other.
第２図は他のコンクリートブロツクの実施例の
斜視図である。砕波面６を平面を組合わせて形成
し、砕波板２の一端を底板１から突出させた。し
たがつて、砕波板２の他方の端部の底板上には広
い平面が残るが、この一部は施工にあたり、隣接
する護岸用ブロツクの砕波板の突出部が重なるた
め、残余の部分のみが排水路形成部７に該当す
る。 FIG. 2 is a perspective view of another concrete block embodiment. A wave breaking surface 6 is formed by combining planes, and one end of the wave breaking plate 2 is made to protrude from the bottom plate 1. Therefore, a wide flat surface remains on the bottom plate at the other end of the wave breaking plate 2, but only the remaining part will overlap during construction and the protruding part of the wave breaking plate of the adjacent seawall block will overlap. This corresponds to the drainage channel forming part 7.
排水路１２を通過する反射流はこの部分だけ流
速が大きくなり、底板と底板との接触面で吸出し
現象の生じるおそれもあるが、本実施例のように
底板１の接触面を避けて排水路１２を形成するよ
うにすれば吸出し現象を完全に防止できる。 The flow velocity of the reflected flow passing through the drainage channel 12 increases only in this part, and there is a risk that a suction phenomenon may occur at the contact surface between the bottom plates. 12, the suction phenomenon can be completely prevented.
更に、砕波板２は場合によつては２分され、中
間部に排水路形成部７を設けたり、或いは砕波板
２を底板１の中央部に設けてもよい。また、砕波
板に１個の堰板を設けて枡状とし、一時的貯溜水
量を増加させることもできる。 Furthermore, the wave breaking plate 2 may be divided into two parts, and the drainage channel forming part 7 may be provided in the middle part, or the wave breaking plate 2 may be provided in the center part of the bottom plate 1. Furthermore, the amount of temporarily stored water can be increased by providing one weir plate on the wave breaking plate to form a square shape.
図面は本発明の実施例を示し、第１図及び第２
図はコンクリートブロツクの斜視図、第３図は法
面の垂直方向から眺めたコンクリートブロツクの
配置図、第４図は第３図の−線断面図であ
る。
図面中、１は底板、２は砕波板、４は海岸側端
部、５は凹部、６は砕波板、７は壁板排水路形成
部、８は海岸側端部、９は貯水部、１０は法面、
１１は根固め工、１２は排水路である。
The drawings show embodiments of the invention, FIGS. 1 and 2.
3 is a perspective view of the concrete block, FIG. 3 is a layout of the concrete block viewed from the vertical direction of the slope, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line -- in FIG. 3. In the drawing, 1 is the bottom plate, 2 is the wave breaking plate, 4 is the shore side end, 5 is the recess, 6 is the wave breaking plate, 7 is the wall plate drainage channel forming part, 8 is the shore side end, 9 is the water storage part, 10 is the slope,
11 is a foot protection work, and 12 is a drainage canal.
Claims (1)
て延出し、底板の幅よりも狭い砕波板を有し、打
寄せる波浪を減衰させ、打寄せた海水を一時的に
貯溜する機能を有するコンクリートブロツクを複
数段用いて法面を隈なく批覆し、砕波板と砕波板
との間に、一時的に貯溜された海水のほぼ全量を
次の波までに排出できる排水路を設けたことを特
徴とする護岸方法。1. It has a wave-breaking plate that extends from the front edge of the bottom plate toward the bottom plate surface and is narrower than the width of the bottom plate, and has the function of attenuating the waves that are hitting the beach and temporarily storing the seawater that is hitting the seawater. By using multiple stages of concrete blocks to completely overturn the slope, a drainage channel was created between the wave-breaking plates to allow almost all of the temporarily stored seawater to be discharged before the next wave. Characteristic seawall method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9917985A JPS60261815A (en) | 1985-05-10 | 1985-05-10 | Method of protecting weir body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9917985A JPS60261815A (en) | 1985-05-10 | 1985-05-10 | Method of protecting weir body |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2196384A Division JPS60168805A (en) | 1984-02-10 | 1984-02-10 | Block for revetment and revetment levee employing said block |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60261815A JPS60261815A (en) | 1985-12-25 |
| JPH0339124B2 true JPH0339124B2 (en) | 1991-06-12 |
Family
ID=14240423
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9917985A Granted JPS60261815A (en) | 1985-05-10 | 1985-05-10 | Method of protecting weir body |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60261815A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62148639U (en) * | 1986-03-11 | 1987-09-19 | ||
| CN100449062C (en) * | 2005-08-08 | 2009-01-07 | 汪荣勋 | Dewave block for forming dewave wall and its formed wall |
-
1985
- 1985-05-10 JP JP9917985A patent/JPS60261815A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60261815A (en) | 1985-12-25 |
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