JPH03267509A - Control method of reheating steam turbine - Google Patents
Control method of reheating steam turbineInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03267509A JPH03267509A JP6582190A JP6582190A JPH03267509A JP H03267509 A JPH03267509 A JP H03267509A JP 6582190 A JP6582190 A JP 6582190A JP 6582190 A JP6582190 A JP 6582190A JP H03267509 A JPH03267509 A JP H03267509A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- steam
- turbine
- opening
- valve
- intercept valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 title 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000167880 Hirundinidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、火力発電プラント等に使用される再熱式蒸気
タービンの制御方法、特にタービン起動時の制御方法に
関する〇
〔従来の技術〕
再熱式蒸気タービンはボイラからの高温の主蒸気が供給
される高圧タービンと、この高圧タービンで膨脹して仕
事をして低温になった排気蒸気な再熱器に導き、この再
熱器で再熱された高温の蒸気が供給される中圧タービン
と、この中圧タービンからの排気蒸気が導かれ、高真空
まで膨脹して仕事をする低圧ターピ／とから構成さｔ、
低圧タービンには復水器が接続されている〇
このような再熱式蒸気タービンは第５図に示す系統を有
するものが知られており、図に基づいてタービンの制御
方法について説明する。第５図においてボイラ１０を出
た主蒸気は、主蒸気管１、主蒸気止め弁１３．蒸気加減
弁１４を経て高圧タービン１５に入り、膨張して仕事を
した後、低温再熱逆止め弁１６、低温再熱蒸気管２を経
て再熱器１１に入り、再熱された後、高温再熱蒸気管３
、再熱蒸気止め弁１７およびインタセプト弁１８を経て
、中圧タービン１９および低圧タービン加に入り、膨張
して仕事をした後、復水器乙に流入する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for controlling a reheat steam turbine used in a thermal power plant, etc., and in particular to a method for controlling the turbine startup. A thermal steam turbine consists of a high-pressure turbine that is supplied with high-temperature main steam from a boiler, and the high-pressure turbine that expands and performs work before guiding the cooled exhaust steam to a reheater, where it is reheated. It consists of an intermediate-pressure turbine to which heated high-temperature steam is supplied, and a low-pressure turbine to which exhaust steam from the intermediate-pressure turbine is guided and expanded to a high vacuum to do work.
A condenser is connected to the low-pressure turbine. Such a reheat steam turbine is known to have a system shown in FIG. 5, and a method for controlling the turbine will be explained based on the diagram. In FIG. 5, the main steam leaving the boiler 10 is connected to the main steam pipe 1, the main steam stop valve 13. It enters the high-pressure turbine 15 through the steam control valve 14, expands and does work, and then enters the reheater 11 through the low-temperature reheat check valve 16 and the low-temperature reheat steam pipe 2, where it is reheated and then high-temperature. Reheat steam pipe 3
, the reheat steam stop valve 17 and the intercept valve 18, enter the intermediate pressure turbine 19 and the low pressure turbine, expand and do work, and then flow into the condenser B.
一方、起動時にボイラの運転を容易にするため。Meanwhile, to facilitate the operation of the boiler during startup.
および寛力系軌の事故の際にも、そのユニットだけで単
独運転を継続することを可能とするように、タービン・
バイパス装置を設置する場合が多い。In addition, in the event of an accident on the loose rail, the turbine is
A bypass device is often installed.
すなわち第５図において起動時はボイラから発生した主
蒸気は、高圧タービンバイパス弁１２で減圧減温された
後、再熱器１１と高温再熱蒸気管３を通り、さらに低圧
バイパス管５、低圧バイパス弁乙にて減圧減温された後
、復水器ρに流入するりこの際、タービンが未だ再熱蒸
気をほとんど呑み込まない状態であるところの無負荷若
しくは低負荷では、再熱器圧力および再熱蒸気管内圧力
は、低圧バイパス弁によって１ｏｋｌ？／ｉ前後の一定
値に制御される・
タービン負荷が上昇して来ると、再熱器１１を出た再熱
蒸気は再熱蒸気止め弁１７およびインタセプト弁１８を
経て、多量に中圧タービン１９および低圧タービン加に
流入するようになるので、低圧バイパス弁おを通過する
蒸気流量は次第に減少して、やがてゼロになり低圧バイ
パス弁おは全閉する。That is, in FIG. 5, at startup, the main steam generated from the boiler is depressurized and temperature-reduced by the high-pressure turbine bypass valve 12, passes through the reheater 11 and the high-temperature reheat steam pipe 3, and then passes through the low-pressure bypass pipe 5 and the low-pressure After being depressurized and temperature-reduced in the bypass valve B, when the steam flows into the condenser ρ, the reheater pressure and The pressure inside the reheat steam pipe is reduced to 1okl by the low pressure bypass valve. /i When the turbine load increases, the reheated steam leaving the reheater 11 passes through the reheat steam stop valve 17 and the intercept valve 18, and a large amount flows into the intermediate pressure turbine 19. As steam flows into the low-pressure turbine, the flow rate of steam passing through the low-pressure bypass valve gradually decreases until it reaches zero, and the low-pressure bypass valve is completely closed.
ここで、第６図に示すように、低圧バイパス弁の圧力制
御設定値２５（無次元で表示）を中圧タービン入口圧力
２６（無次元で表示）よりも同一タービン出力（無次元
で表示）に対して若干高くなるように与えて置けは、負
荷遮断またはタービントリップのようにタービン出力が
急減した場合には、直ちに低圧バイパス弁るが開いて、
再熱器１１からの再熱蒸気を呑み込んでくれる。Here, as shown in Fig. 6, the pressure control setting value 25 (displayed dimensionless) of the low pressure bypass valve is set to be lower than the intermediate pressure turbine inlet pressure 26 (displayed dimensionless) for the same turbine output (displayed dimensionless). If the turbine output suddenly decreases due to load shedding or turbine tripping, the low pressure bypass valve will open immediately.
It swallows the reheated steam from the reheater 11.
このように、低圧バイパス装置のあるプラントでは、蒸
気タービンの制御弁すなわち蒸気加減弁とインタセプト
弁とは、低圧バイパス装置のことを無視して勝手な開度
な取らせることは不適当であり、それぞれの開度が相互
に一定の関係を保ちながら変化するように、一つのガバ
ナから一括シて制御するところの、いわゆる「連動制御
」方式とする必焚がある。そうしないと、低圧バイパス
弁により、再熱蒸気管系の圧力を一定に保つことが困難
になるからである。In this way, in a plant with a low-pressure bypass device, it is inappropriate to ignore the low-pressure bypass device and allow the steam turbine control valves, that is, the steam control valve and intercept valve, to take arbitrary opening degrees. It is necessary to use a so-called "interlocked control" method, in which the valves are controlled all at once from one governor so that the opening degrees of each valve vary while maintaining a constant relationship with each other. Otherwise, it would be difficult to maintain a constant pressure in the reheat steam line system with the low pressure bypass valve.
「連動制御」方式におけるガバナの主要構成を第７９お
よび第８図に、前段演算部からの流量制御信号と、蒸気
加減弁およびインタセプト弁の開度指令値との相互関係
の一例を第９図に示す・第７図において蒸気タービンの
回転速＃２７．負荷としての発電機出力３．蒸気タービ
ンの蒸気圧力四の信号はガバナ加に入力され、蒸気加減
弁１４とインタセプト弁１８の開度が制御される。ガバ
ナＩは回転速度ｎ９発電機出力あ、蒸気圧力四とが入力
されて流量制御信号を出力する前段演算部３１と、この
前段演算部３１からの流量制御信号に応じて蒸気流量が
流れるように弁開度指令信号を出力する弁開度指令演算
部あと、この弁開度指令演算部おからの出力信号により
蒸気加減弁１４とインタセプト弁１８との開度なフィー
ドバック制御する蒸気加減弁用開度調節部３７とインタ
セプト弁用開度調節部３９とから構成されている。Figures 79 and 8 show the main configuration of the governor in the "interlocked control" system, and Figure 9 shows an example of the interrelationship between the flow rate control signal from the front-stage calculation section and the opening command values of the steam control valve and intercept valve.・In FIG. 7, the rotational speed of the steam turbine is #27. Generator output as load3. A signal representing the steam pressure of the steam turbine is input to the governor, and the opening degrees of the steam control valve 14 and the intercept valve 18 are controlled. The governor I has a pre-stage calculation section 31 which receives the rotational speed n9, generator output A, and steam pressure 4 and outputs a flow rate control signal, and controls the steam flow rate according to the flow rate control signal from this pre-stage calculation section 31. A valve opening command calculation section that outputs a valve opening command signal and a steam control valve opening control section that performs feedback control of the openings of the steam control valve 14 and intercept valve 18 based on the output signal from the valve opening command calculation section Okara. It is composed of a degree adjusting section 37 and an opening degree adjusting section 39 for intercept valve.
弁開度指令演算部あは第８図に示すように前段演算部３
１からの流量制御信号３２が蒸気加減弁特性設定部４１
と加算器Ｉを介してインタセプト弁特性設定部４３とに
入力され、蒸気加減弁特性設定部４１からは蒸気加減弁
開度指令値４２を出力し、一方インタセプト弁開度特性
設定部４３からは加算器間にて流量制御信号！とバイア
ス回路４０からのバイアス値とか加算されて蒸気加減弁
１４の開き始ぬからバイアスしてインタセプト弁１８か
開き始ぬるインタセプト弁開度指令値Ｉを出力する。As shown in Fig. 8, the valve opening command calculation section A is the pre-stage calculation section 3.
The flow rate control signal 32 from 1 is sent to the steam control valve characteristic setting section 41.
is input to the intercept valve characteristic setting section 43 via the adder I, and the steam control valve opening command value 42 is output from the steam control valve characteristic setting section 41, while the intercept valve opening characteristic setting section 43 outputs the steam control valve opening command value 42. Flow rate control signal between adders! and the bias value from the bias circuit 40 are added to bias the steam control valve 14 so that the intercept valve 18 starts to open, and outputs an intercept valve opening command value I.
このようにして蒸気加減弁とインタセプト弁とは第９図
に示すようにその開き始めをすらし、すなわちバイアス
値梠を有してバイアスして蒸気加減弁の開度特性４６と
インタセプト弁の一度特性４７とに従って連動して制御
される。In this way, the steam control valve and the intercept valve are adjusted to begin opening as shown in FIG. It is controlled in conjunction with characteristic 47.
なお、「連動制御」方式は低圧バイパス装置を持たない
再熱式蒸気タービン中ユニットにおいても採用は可能で
あり、そうした実施例もある。Note that the "interlocked control" method can also be adopted in a reheat steam turbine intermediate unit that does not have a low-pressure bypass device, and there are examples of such a method.
「連動制御」方式の再熱式蒸気タービンでは、蒸気加減
弁とインタセプト弁の開度が、相互に一定の関係に保た
れているので、高圧タービンを流れる蒸気流量と、中圧
タービンおよび低圧タービンを流れる蒸気流量は、ある
定まった相互関係を保っている。In reheat steam turbines using the "interlocked control" method, the opening degrees of the steam control valve and intercept valve are maintained in a constant relationship with each other, so the steam flow rate flowing through the high-pressure turbine and the intermediate-pressure turbine and low-pressure turbine The flow rates of steam flowing through the pipes maintain a certain mutual relationship.
しかしながら、この二つの蒸気流量の相互関係を一定の
ままにして置くと、硬直的で融通性に乏しく、支障の生
ずる場合がある。例えは、タービン本体が熱い状態から
起動する場合（ホットスタートという）とか、全負荷運
転中に突然発電機が無負荷になったような場合には、タ
ービン本体各部は既に充分熱い状態にあるが、もし、高
圧タービンに流れる蒸気流量が者しく少ないようであれ
ば内部効率が低下し、高圧タービン排気温度が過度に上
昇して危険な状態になる。このような不都合を避けるた
めには、高圧タービンに多い目の蒸気流量を流して排気
温度の上昇を抑制する必要がある・これを目的として、
高圧タービン排気温度、高圧タービン排気圧力、出力、
蒸気流量、高圧部単室圧力などを検出して、これ郷が通
常の限界を超えているか否かを、限界値信号発生器を経
由して判別し、ガバナの調整状態の設定変更を自動的に
行う方法が知られている０（％公昭６２−８６０３号公
報参照）０
上記のような場合でも、−船釣に中圧タービン／低圧タ
ービンについては、その部分の冷却に必要な最小限の蒸
気流量が確保されれば充分であるので、高圧タービンの
排気温度異常上昇の防止の点で問題かないように、基準
的な高圧タービン蒸気流量と中圧タービン／低圧タービ
ン蒸気流量の比率関係としては、ベリーホット状態を前
提として決めて置くのが一般的な方法である・〔発明が
解決しようとする課題〕
上記のように、高圧タービンと中圧タービン／低圧ター
ビンとに流れる蒸気流量の基準的な調整状態、すなわち
ベリーホット状態を前提として、中圧タービン／低圧タ
ービンに流れる蒸気流量を少なくしであるようなガバナ
の設定状態のままでは、特に冷たい状態から起動するコ
ールドスタートでは、中圧タービンのウオーミングが不
充分にしか行われず、なかなか暖まらないため、長い起
動時間を要することになる。中圧タービンは、寸法が大
きい上に、高温の蒸気を処理する責務を負うので、ウオ
ーミングは最も困難な部類に滅するからである・
これに対して、自動的に設定変更を行う従来の方法では
、中圧タービンのウオーミングは考慮対象外であったの
で、これに対して適切に対処できない憾みがあった。ま
た、検出のＩｌｌ応性な確保するために、各種の量を計
測する必要があることと、その後に複雑な判断・処理回
路とを必要とすることも問題であった〇
本発明の目的は、タービン起動待タービンの暖機状態に
応じて蒸気加減弁と連動制御されるインタセプト弁を適
切な開度特性により開にすることにより起動−間を短か
くすることのできる再熱式蒸気タービンの制御方法を提
供することである。However, if the interrelationship between these two steam flow rates remains constant, it will be rigid and inflexible, and problems may occur. For example, if the turbine is started with a hot state (called a hot start), or if the generator suddenly becomes unloaded during full-load operation, each part of the turbine is already sufficiently hot. If the flow rate of steam flowing into the high-pressure turbine is significantly low, the internal efficiency will decrease and the high-pressure turbine exhaust temperature will rise excessively, creating a dangerous situation. In order to avoid such inconveniences, it is necessary to flow a large amount of steam through the high-pressure turbine to suppress the rise in exhaust temperature.For this purpose,
High pressure turbine exhaust temperature, high pressure turbine exhaust pressure, output,
Detects steam flow rate, high pressure single chamber pressure, etc., determines whether the current exceeds the normal limit via a limit value signal generator, and automatically changes settings for governor adjustment status. 0 (Refer to Publication No. 1986-8603) 0 Even in the above case, - For medium-pressure turbines/low-pressure turbines for boat fishing, the minimum amount necessary for cooling the part is Since it is sufficient as long as the steam flow rate is secured, the ratio relationship between the standard high-pressure turbine steam flow rate and the intermediate-pressure turbine/low-pressure turbine steam flow rate is The general method is to determine the standard flow rate of steam flowing into the high-pressure turbine and the intermediate-pressure turbine/low-pressure turbine as described above. Assuming a very hot condition, the flow rate of steam flowing to the intermediate pressure turbine/low pressure turbine is reduced. The system is not warmed up properly and takes a long time to start up. Warming of intermediate-pressure turbines is one of the most difficult, due to their large size and the responsibility of handling high-temperature steam. In contrast, conventional methods that automatically change settings However, since the warming of the intermediate pressure turbine was not considered, there was a regret that it was not possible to deal with this issue appropriately. Another problem is that in order to ensure responsiveness of detection, it is necessary to measure various quantities, and that a complicated judgment/processing circuit is required afterwards.The purpose of the present invention is to Waiting for turbine startup Control of a reheat steam turbine that can shorten the time between startup by opening an intercept valve that is controlled in conjunction with a steam control valve according to the warm-up state of the turbine with appropriate opening characteristics The purpose is to provide a method.
上記課題を解決するために、本発明によればボイラから
の蒸気が蒸気加減弁によりその蒸気量を制御して供給さ
れる高圧タービンと、このタービンからの排気蒸気が再
熱器に導かれ、この再熱器からの蒸気がインタセフ゛ト
弁によりその蒸気量を制御して供給される中圧タービン
と低圧タービンを備え、蒸気加減弁とインタセプト弁と
を連動して制御する＃Ｌ童副制御信号よりベリーホット
のタービンの暖機状忽時インタセプト弁の開き始めを蒸
気加減弁の開き始めよりバイアスするバイアス値を有し
て蒸気加減弁とインタセプト弁とをそれぞｔの開度特性
に従って連動して開閉させる再熱式蒸気タービンの制御
方法において、タービンの起動時、タービンの暖機状態
により予め求められた前記バイアス値より小さいバイア
ス値で開き始める開度特性に従ってインタセプト弁を開
にし、所定のタービン回転速度でインタセプト弁の開度
を前記ベリーホット時の開度特性に従うようにするもの
とする。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention includes a high-pressure turbine to which steam from a boiler is supplied with the amount of steam controlled by a steam control valve, and exhaust steam from this turbine is guided to a reheater. It is equipped with an intermediate-pressure turbine and a low-pressure turbine to which the steam from the reheater is supplied with the amount of steam controlled by an intercept valve, and is controlled by the #L sub-control signal that controls the steam control valve and the intercept valve in conjunction with each other. When a very hot turbine is warmed up, the steam control valve and the intercept valve are linked in accordance with the opening characteristic of t by having a bias value that biases the beginning of opening of the intercept valve from the beginning of opening of the steam control valve. In a method for controlling a reheat steam turbine to be opened and closed, when the turbine is started, an intercept valve is opened according to an opening characteristic that starts opening at a bias value smaller than the bias value determined in advance according to the warm-up state of the turbine, and a predetermined turbine is opened. The opening degree of the intercept valve shall be made to follow the opening characteristic at the very hot time at the rotational speed.
ベリーホットのタービンの基準暖機状態ではインタセプ
ト弁の開き始めを蒸気加減弁の開き始めよりずらしたバ
イアス値を持たせたインタセプト弁と蒸気加減弁との一
度特性に従って両弁は連動制御により開閉されてタービ
ンの起動および運転が行なわれるが、タービン起動時に
はベリーホット以外の、例えはコールド、ウオーム等の
タービンの暖機状態ではタービンの暖機状態を考慮して
予め求められた前記バイアス値より小さいバイアス値で
開き始めるインタセプト弁の開度特性により、蒸気加減
弁とインタセプト弁とを連動して開にしてボイラからの
蒸気をタービンに供給してタービン車軸を回転する０そ
して回転速度が所定の回転速度になったときに、インタ
セグト弁の開度特性をベリーホット時の開度特性に従う
ようにするＯ
このようにすることにより、暖機し難い中圧タービンは
充分に暖機され、この暖機状態でタービンはヘリ−ホッ
ト時の開度特性に従ってインタセプト弁と蒸気加減弁と
を連動制御してタービンは定格回転数に到達し、運転さ
れる。In the standard warm-up state of a very hot turbine, both valves are opened and closed by interlocking control according to the characteristics of the intercept valve and the steam control valve, which have a bias value that shifts the opening start of the intercept valve from the start of opening of the steam control valve. However, when the turbine is started, in a warm-up state of the turbine other than very hot, such as cold or warm, the bias value is smaller than the bias value determined in advance in consideration of the warm-up state of the turbine. Due to the opening characteristic of the intercept valve, which starts to open at the bias value, the steam control valve and the intercept valve are opened in conjunction with each other to supply steam from the boiler to the turbine and rotate the turbine axle. When the speed is reached, the opening characteristic of the intersegment valve is made to follow the opening characteristic at very hot time. By doing this, the intermediate pressure turbine, which is difficult to warm up, is sufficiently warmed up, and this warm-up In this state, the intercept valve and the steam control valve are controlled in conjunction with each other according to the opening characteristic when the helicopter is hot, and the turbine reaches the rated rotational speed and is operated.
なお、インタセプト弁の開度特性の変更を所定の回転速
度で行なうのは、回転速度が定格値よりも遥かに低いう
ちに完了するようにすれは、遠心力による応力がまだ大
きくならないうちに、熱応力が最も危険な値に達する段
階を通過することができて好都合である・このようにし
て、起動時間をなるべく短く保ち、しかも、タービン不
休に生ずる応力を低く保つことも同時に可能となるから
である。It should be noted that changing the opening characteristics of the intercept valve at a predetermined rotational speed should be completed before the rotational speed is much lower than the rated value, before the stress due to centrifugal force becomes large. It is advantageous to be able to pass the stage where the thermal stresses reach their most dangerous values; in this way it is possible to keep the start-up time as short as possible and at the same time to keep the stresses that occur during turbine downtime low. It is.
以下図面に基づいて本発明の実施例について説明するり
第１図は本発明の実施例による再熱式蒸気タービンの制
御方法を適用したときの蒸気加減弁とインタセプト弁と
の開度特性を、横軸にタービンに供給される蒸気流量を
制御する流量制御信号（無次元表示）、すなわち第７図
の前段演算部からの流量制御信号を、縦軸に蒸気加減弁
、インタセプト弁の開度指令値（無次元表示）、すなわ
ち第７図の弁開度指令演算部あからの開度指令値をとっ
て示している。図において刃は蒸気加減弁の開度特性、
５１はベリーホット状態におけるインタセプト弁の開度
特性であり、前述のようにインタセプト弁の開き始ぬは
蒸気加減弁の開き始めよりずれるバイアス値ａを有して
いる。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings, and FIG. 1 shows the opening characteristics of the steam control valve and the intercept valve when the method for controlling a reheat steam turbine according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied. The horizontal axis shows the flow rate control signal (dimensionless display) that controls the steam flow rate supplied to the turbine, that is, the flow rate control signal from the front-stage calculation section in Figure 7, and the vertical axis shows the opening commands for the steam control valve and intercept valve. The value (dimensionless display), that is, the opening command value from the valve opening command calculation section in FIG. 7 is shown. In the figure, the blade is the opening characteristic of the steam control valve,
Reference numeral 51 indicates the opening characteristic of the intercept valve in a very hot state, and as described above, the opening of the intercept valve has a bias value a that deviates from the opening of the steam control valve.
５２バタービンのコールド状態でのインタセプト弁の一
度特性であり、バイアス値すを有し、また５３はウオー
ム状態のインタセプト弁の一度特性であり、バイアス値
Ｃを有している。なお、バイアス１［ａ＊ ｂｔ Ｃは
第７図のバイアス回路４ｏにより設定される。また、イ
ンタセプト弁のコールド。52 is a one-time characteristic of the intercept valve in a cold state of the butter turbine and has a bias value C, and 53 is a one-time characteristic of the intercept valve in a warm state and has a bias value C. Note that the bias 1[a* bt C is set by the bias circuit 4o in FIG. 7. Also, the intercept valve is cold.
ウオーム時の開度特性５２ 、５３はベリーホット時の
開度特性５１をバイアス値す、ｃを持たせて平行移動し
たものである。The opening characteristics 52 and 53 during warm conditions are obtained by translating the opening characteristics 51 during very hot conditions with a bias value c.
タービンの起動、運転は第１図の開度特性に従って蒸気
加減弁、インタセプト弁を流量制御信号による連動制御
により開閉して行なわれる＠タービンの起動時には蒸気
加減弁が開度特性Ｉに従って先づ開き始め、インタセプ
ト弁は暖機状態により予め求められた開度特性、例えは
コールド時には蒸気加減弁の開き始めよりバイアス値す
だけずれて開き始める開度特性５２に従って開き、ボイ
ラからの蒸気を蒸気加減弁およびインタセプト弁により
蒸気量を制御してタービンに供給し、タービン車軸を回
転する。そして回転速度が定格回転速度より低い所定の
回転速度に達したら、インタセプト弁の開度は第８図の
バイアス回路和によりバイアス値を（ａ−ｂ）だけ変更
してベリーホット時の開度特性５１に従うようにする・
この変更操作以後、インタセプト弁はベリーホット時の
インタセプト弁の開度特性５１に従い、一方蒸気加減弁
は開度特性間に従って開き、蒸気がタービンに供給され
てタービンは定格回転速度になり、運転されるＯ
なお、上記のインタセプト弁の開度特性の変更は第４図
に示す起艶曲線シのヒートソーク運転終了後のＡ時間か
ら８時間の間で行なわれる。この場合、この変更は、タ
ービンの他の制御と干渉を起こさないように遅い変化率
で動作する開ループ制御を用いて行なわれる〇
コノヨうにすることにより、タービンのコールド時暖機
し難い中圧タービンを充分暖機することができ、起動時
間が短縮される。なおコールド以外の状態、例えはウオ
ーム時にはバイアス値Ｃを有する開度特性団に従ってイ
ンタセプト弁を開にする等、タービンの暖機状態により
バイアス値を適宜定給、所定回転速度でベリーホット時
の開度特性になるようにバイアス値を変更することによ
り前述と同じ効果が得られる〇
第２図は本発明の異なる実施例による再熱式蒸気タービ
ンの制御方法を適用する蒸気加減弁とインクセズト弁と
の開度特性を示す図である・図においてはベリーホット
時のインタセプト弁の開度特性５１と蒸気加減弁の開度
特性間は第１図のものと同じであるが、コールドやウオ
ーム時等のインタセプト弁の開度特性は、インタセプト
弁のベリーホット時の開き始めから前述のようにバイア
スして開き始める傾斜したコールド時の開度特性ヌ。The startup and operation of the turbine are performed by opening and closing the steam control valve and intercept valve according to the opening characteristic shown in Figure 1 under interlock control using a flow rate control signal.@When starting the turbine, the steam control valve opens and closes first according to the opening characteristic I. At the beginning, the intercept valve opens according to the opening characteristic 52 determined in advance according to the warm-up condition, for example, when it is cold, the opening characteristic 52 starts to open at a bias value deviated from the opening of the steam control valve, and controls the steam from the boiler. Valves and intercept valves control the amount of steam supplied to the turbine to rotate the turbine axle. When the rotational speed reaches a predetermined rotational speed lower than the rated rotational speed, the opening degree of the intercept valve is changed by changing the bias value by (a-b) according to the bias circuit summation shown in Figure 8, and the opening degree at very hot time is determined. 51.
After this change operation, the intercept valve opens according to the opening characteristic 51 of the intercept valve at very hot time, while the steam control valve opens according to the opening characteristic, steam is supplied to the turbine, the turbine reaches the rated rotation speed, and is operated. Note that the above-mentioned change in the opening characteristic of the intercept valve is carried out within 8 hours from time A after the end of the heat soak operation of the polishing curve C shown in FIG. In this case, the change is made using open-loop control that operates at a slow rate of change so as not to interfere with other turbine controls. The turbine can be sufficiently warmed up and startup time is shortened. In addition, in conditions other than cold, for example, when the turbine is warm, the intercept valve is opened according to the opening characteristic group with bias value C, and the bias value is set as appropriate depending on the warm-up condition of the turbine. The same effect as described above can be obtained by changing the bias value so that the temperature characteristic In the figure, the opening characteristic 51 of the intercept valve when very hot and the opening characteristic of the steam control valve are the same as those in Figure 1, but when cold or warm, etc. The opening characteristic of the intercept valve is the opening characteristic when the intercept valve starts to open when it is very hot and when it is biased as described above and starts to open when it is cold.
ウオーム時の開度特性団にする・
上記の開度特性に従ってタービン起動待蒸気加減弁に連
動して開になるインタセプト弁の開動作は、暖機状態に
より開度特性ヌまたは５５に従って行なわれ、所定のタ
ービンの回転速度でベリーホット時のインタセプト弁の
開度特性５１Ｋｆ更するのは前述と同じようにして行な
われる＠第３図は第２図の蒸気加減弁とインタセプト弁
との開度特性を得るためのブロック囚である。図におい
て流量制御信号３２は前述のように蒸気加減弁特性設定
部４１に入力されて蒸気加減弁開度指令値４２を出力す
ることと、バイアス回路和からのバイアス値と加算器あ
で加算され、この加算結果かインタセプト弁開度特性設
定部４３に入力されるのは同じであり、異なるのは下記
の通りである。Opening characteristic group during warm-up The opening operation of the intercept valve, which opens in conjunction with the turbine start-up steam control valve according to the opening characteristic described above, is performed according to the opening characteristic nu or 55 depending on the warm-up state. The opening characteristic of the intercept valve when very hot at a predetermined turbine rotational speed is changed to 51 Kf in the same manner as described above. is a block prisoner to get. In the figure, the flow rate control signal 32 is input to the steam control valve characteristic setting unit 41 to output the steam control valve opening command value 42 as described above, and is added to the bias value from the bias circuit sum in the adder. , the addition result is input to the intercept valve opening characteristic setting section 43 in the same manner, and the difference is as follows.
流量制御信号３２は加算器３７に入力される・加算器３
７ではインタセプト弁特性設定部おから出力する開度特
性と異なる開度特性を前述のようにタービンの暖機状態
によりバイアスするバイアス値を出力する第２のバイア
ス回路柘からのバイアス値と流量制御信号３２とが加算
される。そして加算器３７からの出力信号が第２のイン
タセプト弁特性設定部４６に入力され、この特性設定部
栃から前述の寸。The flow rate control signal 32 is input to an adder 37.Adder 3
7 is an intercept valve characteristic setting section that outputs a bias value that biases an opening characteristic different from the opening characteristic output from Okara depending on the warm-up state of the turbine as described above.The bias value and flow rate control from the second bias circuit 柘signal 32 is added. Then, the output signal from the adder 37 is input to the second intercept valve characteristic setting section 46, and the above-mentioned dimension is inputted from this characteristic setting section 46.
ようバイアスされたタービンの暖機状態に応じた開度特
性、例えば第２図に示す開度特性図、５５が出力される
０この°開度特性とインタセプト弁特性設定部４３から
出力される開度特性とが高値撰択ゲート４７に入力され
、流量制御信号３２に対応するインタセプト弁特性設定
部４３と第２のインタセプト弁特性設定部４６とからの
うち高値のものがインタセプト弁開度指令値祠として出
力され、インタセプト弁はこの開度指令値■により開度
が制御されるＯ
したがってタービン超絶時、タービンの暖機状態、例え
はコールド時においては流量制御信号３２により第２の
バイアス回路４５でコールド状態に対応してバイアスさ
れた第２のインタセプト弁特性設定部４６から出力され
る開度特性シが高値撰択ゲート４７により撰択され、イ
ンタセプト弁の開度はこの開度特性ヌに従って制御され
てタービンの回転速度が上昇する。そして前述のように
ヒートソーク運転終了時に第２のバイアス回路朽により
ベリーホット時の開度特性５１の方にバイアス値な変更
すれは、高値撰択ゲート４７によりインタセプト弁特性
設定部４３から出力される開度特性５１に従ってインタ
セプト弁の開度は蒸気加減弁の開度と連動して制御され
、さらに回転速度を上昇させ、定格速度に至り、運転さ
れる。なお、コールド時以外の暖機状態、例えはウオー
ム時は開度特性５（第２図参照）に従って前述のように
制御される〇〔発明の効果〕
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明によれはタービ
ンの起動時タービンの暖機状態に応じてインタセプト弁
の開き始めをベリーホット時の開き始めよりバイアスし
た適切な予め求められた開度特性に従ってインタセプト
弁を蒸気加減弁と連動して開にしてタービン内を流れる
蒸気によりタービン車軸を昇速し、所定の回転速度にな
ったら、ベリーホット時のインタセプト弁の開度特性に
従ってインタセプト弁を開にするようにしたことにより
、中圧タービンの温度が低い場合には、ここに流れる蒸
気流量を多くすることができ、このウオーミングが充分
性われ、起動時間の短縮を図ることができる・また、そ
の過程が、まだ回転速度の低い中に完了し、以後は高圧
タービン通過蒸気流量を多くするので、通常懸念される
ような高圧タービン排気温度の異常上昇は避けることが
できるＯ
また、運転員はタービン起動前のタービン本体の温度か
ら判断してとるべきインタセプト弁の開度特性を撰べは
よいので、従来の自動式の場合と同様に操作が簡単であ
るという効果がある。The opening characteristic according to the warm-up state of the turbine biased as shown in FIG. The intercept valve opening degree characteristic is inputted to the high value selection gate 47, and the one with the highest value from the intercept valve characteristic setting section 43 and the second intercept valve characteristic setting section 46 corresponding to the flow rate control signal 32 is the intercept valve opening degree command value. The opening of the intercept valve is controlled by this opening command value. The opening characteristic N outputted from the second intercept valve characteristic setting section 46 which is biased in accordance with the cold state is selected by the high value selection gate 47, and the opening degree of the intercept valve is determined according to this opening characteristic N. The rotational speed of the turbine is controlled to increase. As mentioned above, when the heat soak operation is completed, the bias value is changed toward the very hot opening characteristic 51 due to the decay of the second bias circuit, which is outputted from the intercept valve characteristic setting section 43 by the high value selection gate 47. According to the opening characteristic 51, the opening degree of the intercept valve is controlled in conjunction with the opening degree of the steam control valve, and the rotational speed is further increased to reach the rated speed, and operation is started. In addition, in a warm-up state other than the cold state, for example, in the warm state, the control is performed as described above according to the opening characteristic 5 (see Fig. 2). [Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above description, the present invention This is achieved by interlocking the intercept valve with the steam control valve in accordance with an appropriate predetermined opening characteristic that biases the opening of the intercept valve from the beginning of opening when it is very hot, depending on the warm-up state of the turbine when the turbine is started. The intermediate pressure turbine is When the temperature of Since the flow rate of steam passing through the high-pressure turbine is increased after that, an abnormal rise in the high-pressure turbine exhaust temperature, which is normally a concern, can be avoided. Since the opening characteristic of the intercept valve to be taken can be selected easily, the operation is easy as in the case of the conventional automatic type.
第１図は本発明の実施例による再熱式蒸気タービンの制
御方法における蒸気加減弁とインタセプト弁の開度特性
を示す図、第２囚は本発明の異なる実施例による再熱式
蒸気タービンの制御方法における蒸気加減弁とインタセ
プト弁の開度特性を示す図、第３図は第２図の開度特性
を与える再熱式蒸気タービンの制御ブロック図、第４図
は第１図、第２図における再熱式蒸気タービンのタービ
ン車軸の回転速度を示す図、第５図は再熱式蒸気タービ
ンの系統図、第６図は第５図の再熱式蒸気タービンの系
統における低圧バイパス弁の設定圧力を示す図、第７図
は第５図の再熱式蒸気タービンにおける制御ブロック図
、第８図は第７図の弁開度指令演算部のブロック図、第
９図は第５−の再熱式蒸気タービンの蒸気加減弁とイン
タセプト弁との開度特性を示す図であるＯ
ＩＯ：ボイラ、１１：再熱器、１４：蒸気加減弁、１５
：＆圧タービン、１８：インタセプト升、１９：中圧タ
ービン、２０：低圧タービン０
２つFIG. 1 is a diagram showing the opening characteristics of a steam control valve and an intercept valve in a method for controlling a reheat steam turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. Figure 3 is a control block diagram of a reheat steam turbine that provides the opening characteristics of the steam control valve and intercept valve in the control method. Figure 4 is a control block diagram of the reheat steam turbine that provides the opening characteristics of Figure 2. Figure 5 is a system diagram of the reheat steam turbine, and Figure 6 is a diagram showing the rotational speed of the turbine axle of the reheat steam turbine in Figure 5. Figure 7 is a control block diagram of the reheat steam turbine in Figure 5, Figure 8 is a block diagram of the valve opening command calculation section in Figure 7, and Figure 9 is a diagram showing the set pressure. IO: boiler, 11: reheater, 14: steam regulator, 15
: & pressure turbine, 18: intercept square, 19: intermediate pressure turbine, 20: low pressure turbine 0 2
Claims (1)
制御して供給される高圧タービンと、このタービンから
の排気蒸気が再熱器に導かれ、この再熱器からの蒸気が
インタセプト弁によりその蒸気量を制御して供給される
中圧タービンと低圧タービンを備え、蒸気加減弁とイン
タセプト弁とを連動して制御する流量制御信号により、
ベリーホットのタービンの暖機状態時、インタセプト弁
の開き始めを蒸気加減弁の開き始めよりバイアスするバ
イアス値を有して蒸気加減弁とインタセプト弁をそれぞ
れの開度特性に従って連動して開閉させる再熱式蒸気タ
ービンの制御方法において、タービンの起動時、タービ
ンの暖機状態により予め求められた前記バイアス値より
小さいバイアス値で開き始める開度特性に従ってインタ
セプト弁を開にし、所定のタービン回転速度でインタセ
プト弁の開度を前記ベリーホット時の開度特性に従うよ
うにすることを特徴とする再熱式蒸気タービンの制御方
法。1) A high-pressure turbine to which steam from the boiler is supplied with the amount of steam controlled by a steam control valve, exhaust steam from this turbine is led to a reheater, and steam from the reheater is supplied by an intercept valve. It is equipped with an intermediate-pressure turbine and a low-pressure turbine that control and supply the amount of steam, and a flow rate control signal that controls the steam control valve and intercept valve in conjunction with each other.
When a very hot turbine is warmed up, a bias value is used to bias the opening of the intercept valve from the opening of the steam regulating valve, and the steam regulating valve and the intercept valve are opened and closed in conjunction with each other according to their respective opening characteristics. In a method for controlling a thermal steam turbine, when the turbine is started, an intercept valve is opened according to an opening characteristic that starts to open at a bias value smaller than the bias value determined in advance according to the warm-up state of the turbine, and the intercept valve is opened at a predetermined turbine rotational speed. A method for controlling a reheat steam turbine, characterized in that the opening degree of an intercept valve is made to follow the opening degree characteristic at the very hot time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6582190A JP2674263B2 (en) | 1990-03-16 | 1990-03-16 | Control method for reheat steam turbine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6582190A JP2674263B2 (en) | 1990-03-16 | 1990-03-16 | Control method for reheat steam turbine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03267509A true JPH03267509A (en) | 1991-11-28 |
| JP2674263B2 JP2674263B2 (en) | 1997-11-12 |
Family
ID=13298078
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6582190A Expired - Lifetime JP2674263B2 (en) | 1990-03-16 | 1990-03-16 | Control method for reheat steam turbine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2674263B2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20040051794A (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2004-06-19 | 주식회사 포스코 | A Method for Controlling Turbine Speed on Turbine Start |
| JP2011012567A (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-20 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method and device for controlling valve for warming steam turbine |
| JP2016070223A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-05-09 | 富士電機株式会社 | Steam turbine facility and method for controlling steam turbine facility |
| CN110646193A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2020-01-03 | 上海明华电力技术工程有限公司 | Test method for obtaining flow characteristic of high-pressure regulating valve of steam turbine |
| CN114017146A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-08 | 华能秦煤瑞金发电有限责任公司 | Method for starting double-machine regenerative small steam turbine without electric pump and carrying load |
-
1990
- 1990-03-16 JP JP6582190A patent/JP2674263B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20040051794A (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2004-06-19 | 주식회사 포스코 | A Method for Controlling Turbine Speed on Turbine Start |
| JP2011012567A (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-20 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method and device for controlling valve for warming steam turbine |
| JP2016070223A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-05-09 | 富士電機株式会社 | Steam turbine facility and method for controlling steam turbine facility |
| CN110646193A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2020-01-03 | 上海明华电力技术工程有限公司 | Test method for obtaining flow characteristic of high-pressure regulating valve of steam turbine |
| CN114017146A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-08 | 华能秦煤瑞金发电有限责任公司 | Method for starting double-machine regenerative small steam turbine without electric pump and carrying load |
| CN114017146B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-10-31 | 华能秦煤瑞金发电有限责任公司 | No-electric pump starting load method for double-engine regenerative small steam turbine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2674263B2 (en) | 1997-11-12 |
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