JPH03233298A - Shell and tube heat exchanger - Google Patents
Shell and tube heat exchangerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03233298A JPH03233298A JP3026390A JP3026390A JPH03233298A JP H03233298 A JPH03233298 A JP H03233298A JP 3026390 A JP3026390 A JP 3026390A JP 3026390 A JP3026390 A JP 3026390A JP H03233298 A JPH03233298 A JP H03233298A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- refrigerant
- space
- heat exchanger
- tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 44
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野コ
この発明は、缶胴内に多数のチューブをもち、各チュー
ブ内の流体と缶胴側流体との間で熱交換を行なう多管式
熱交換器に関するものである。Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Field of Application] This invention is a multi-tube heat exchanger that has a large number of tubes in the can body and performs heat exchange between the fluid in each tube and the fluid on the can body side. It concerns exchangers.
［従来の技術］
第４，５図は例えば実公昭６０−９５９７号公報に示さ
れた従来の多管式熱交換器を示すもので、第４図はその
分解斜視図、第５図はその冷媒出入り口側の冷媒蓋部付
近の断面図である。これらの図において、１はシェル（
缶胴）、２はこのシェル１に内装されるＵ字状のチュー
ブ、３はシェル１の長さ方向の一端側に溶接等にて取り
付けられた管板である。シェル１は、その長さ方向一端
側のみが開放され、他端側か閉鎖された有底筒体を用い
、その長さ方向両側には、シェル側流体入口部４および
シェル側流体出口部５が設けられている。[Prior Art] Figures 4 and 5 show a conventional multi-tube heat exchanger as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-9597. Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the same, and Figure 5 is its FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the vicinity of the refrigerant lid on the refrigerant inlet/outlet side. In these figures, 1 is the shell (
2 is a U-shaped tube installed inside the shell 1, and 3 is a tube plate attached to one end of the shell 1 in the longitudinal direction by welding or the like. The shell 1 is a bottomed cylindrical body that is open at one lengthwise end and closed at the other end, and has a shell-side fluid inlet 4 and a shell-side fluid outlet 5 on both sides in the lengthwise direction. is provided.
また、チューブ２は、その屈曲部が水平方向に向かうご
とく配置され、シェル１内に複数本内装されており、こ
れらの各チューブ２の各開口端を、管板３により支持し
てこの管板３の外面にそれぞれ開口させている。Further, the tubes 2 are arranged with their bent portions facing in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of tubes 2 are housed inside the shell 1. Each open end of each tube 2 is supported by a tube plate 3. 3 are each opened on the outer surface.
そして、６は管板３にボルト１０で固定される冷媒蓋、
７は冷媒蓋６における冷媒入口部、８は冷媒Ｍ６におけ
る冷媒出口部、９は管板３と冷媒蓋６との間に挾まれる
ガスケットである。and 6 a refrigerant lid fixed to the tube plate 3 with bolts 10;
7 is a refrigerant inlet of the refrigerant lid 6, 8 is a refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant M6, and 9 is a gasket sandwiched between the tube plate 3 and the refrigerant lid 6.
次に動作について説明する。熱交換器の上流において膨
張し気液二相流となった冷媒は、冷媒蓋６の冷媒入口部
７を通り、チューブ２内に流入する。流入した冷媒は、
各チューブ２内を流れながら、シェル側流体入口部４か
らシェル１内へ流入したシェル側流体と熱交換を行ない
熱を吸収し、ガス化して冷媒出口部８から流出する６一
方、冷却されたシェル側流体は、シェル側流体出口部５
から流出する。Next, the operation will be explained. The refrigerant expanded into a gas-liquid two-phase flow upstream of the heat exchanger passes through the refrigerant inlet 7 of the refrigerant lid 6 and flows into the tube 2 . The inflowing refrigerant is
While flowing in each tube 2, it exchanges heat with the shell-side fluid that has flowed into the shell 1 from the shell-side fluid inlet 4, absorbs heat, gasifies, and flows out from the refrigerant outlet 8. The shell side fluid flows through the shell side fluid outlet section 5.
flows out from
なお、このような多管式熱交換器では、冷媒入口部７に
おけるチューブ２への冷媒分布が性能に大きく影響し、
気液二相流中の液分の冷媒分布が均一に近くなるほど性
能は向上する。In addition, in such a multi-tube heat exchanger, the refrigerant distribution to the tubes 2 at the refrigerant inlet 7 greatly affects the performance.
The performance improves as the liquid refrigerant distribution in the gas-liquid two-phase flow becomes more uniform.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
従来の多管式熱交換器は以上のように構成されているの
で、気液二相流にて流入する冷媒は、冷媒入口部７にて
流路が拡大されるために流速が減速される。その結果、
気液が分離され、気体は上部側に配置されたチューブ２
内を、液体は下部側に配置されたチューブ２内を流れや
すくなる。また、流入した冷媒は、チューブ２に流れ込
むが、一部は、管板３に当たり流速が減速されて液体が
落下し、下部側に配置されたチューブ２内を流れる。こ
のような理由により、各チューブ２内に気液二相流の液
分が均等に分配されず、熱交換器本来の性能を十分に発
揮できないという課題があった。また、これらの現象は
、容量制御にて流入する冷媒量が減少する程、顕著にな
る。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Since the conventional multi-tubular heat exchanger is configured as described above, the flow path of the refrigerant flowing in the gas-liquid two-phase flow is expanded at the refrigerant inlet portion 7. The flow rate is slowed down due to the the result,
Gas and liquid are separated, and the gas is placed in the tube 2 located on the upper side.
The liquid can easily flow inside the tube 2 disposed on the lower side. Further, the inflowing refrigerant flows into the tube 2, but a portion of the refrigerant hits the tube plate 3 and its flow rate is reduced, causing the liquid to fall and flow within the tube 2 disposed on the lower side. For these reasons, the liquid component of the gas-liquid two-phase flow is not evenly distributed within each tube 2, resulting in a problem that the original performance of the heat exchanger cannot be fully demonstrated. Moreover, these phenomena become more remarkable as the amount of refrigerant flowing in is reduced by capacity control.
なお、以上の現象については、水と空気との混合にて気
液二相流を生成して行なった流れの可視化にて確認され
ている。The above phenomenon has been confirmed by visualizing the flow by creating a gas-liquid two-phase flow by mixing water and air.
この発明は上記のような課題を解消するためになされた
もので、気液二相流にて流入する冷媒の液分を各チュー
ブに均等に分配できるようにして、性能の向上をはかっ
た多管式熱交換器を得ることを目的とする。This invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is a multi-layer system that improves performance by making it possible to evenly distribute the liquid component of the refrigerant flowing into each tube in a gas-liquid two-phase flow. The purpose is to obtain a tubular heat exchanger.
［課題を解決するための手段］
この発明に係る多管式熱交換器は、斜め下方向へ流体を
噴射する流体分配用噴射口を有するノズルを、蓋から流
体分配用空間内へ向けて突設したものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] A shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to the present invention has a nozzle having a fluid distribution injection port that sprays fluid diagonally downward, which is projected from a lid into a fluid distribution space. It was established.
［作 用コ
この発明における多管式熱交換器では、各チューブに分
配されるべき流体が、ノズルの流体分配用噴射口から斜
め下方向へ向けて、流体分配用空間内へ噴射されるので
、気液分離により前記空間の下部に滞りがちになる液相
部分が、再度前記空間内の上部方向へ噴き上げられ、前
記空間内の流体の分布状態が均一化され、流体の液分が
、各チューブ内へ均等に分配される。[Function] In the multi-tubular heat exchanger according to the present invention, the fluid to be distributed to each tube is injected obliquely downward from the fluid distribution injection port of the nozzle into the fluid distribution space. , the liquid phase portion that tends to stay in the lower part of the space due to gas-liquid separation is again blown up towards the upper part of the space, and the distribution state of the fluid in the space is made uniform, and the liquid components of the fluid are evenly distributed within the tube.
［発明の実施例］ 以下、この発明の一実施例を図について説明する。[Embodiments of the invention] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第１図において、従来と同様に、１はシェル（缶胴）、
２はこのシェル１に内装されるＵ字状のチューブ、３は
シェル１の一端側に取り付けられた管板であり、シェル
１の長さ方向両側には、シェル側流体入口部およびシェ
ル側流体出口部（第４図の符号４，５参照）が設けらる
ほか、チューブ２は、その屈曲部が水平方向に向かうご
とく配置されシェル１内に多数内装されており、これら
の各チューブ２の各開口端が、管板３により支持してこ
の管板３の外面にそれぞれ開口されている。In Fig. 1, as in the past, 1 is a shell (can body);
2 is a U-shaped tube installed inside this shell 1, 3 is a tube plate attached to one end of the shell 1, and a shell-side fluid inlet and a shell-side fluid inlet are provided on both sides of the shell 1 in the length direction. In addition to being provided with outlet portions (see reference numerals 4 and 5 in FIG. 4), a large number of tubes 2 are arranged within the shell 1 with their bent portions facing in the horizontal direction, and each of these tubes 2 has a Each open end is supported by the tube sheet 3 and opened at the outer surface of the tube sheet 3, respectively.
また、６Ａはガスケット９を介して管板３にボルト（第
４図の符号１０参照）等で固定される冷媒蓋であり、こ
の冷媒蓋６Ａに、冷媒入口部７および冷媒出口部８が設
けられている。Further, 6A is a refrigerant lid that is fixed to the tube plate 3 with a bolt (see reference numeral 10 in FIG. 4) through a gasket 9, and this refrigerant lid 6A is provided with a refrigerant inlet portion 7 and a refrigerant outlet portion 8. It is being
そして、本実施例において、冷媒蓋６Ａには、各チュー
ブ２内へ冷媒（流体）を分配するための流体分配用空間
１２が形成されており、この空間１２内において、第２
，３図に示すように、斜め下方向（例えば鉛直下方から
６０°の角度方向）へ冷媒を噴射する２つの流体分配用
噴射口１１ａを有するノズル１１が、冷媒蓋６Ａがら空
間１２内へ向けて突設されている。In this embodiment, a fluid distribution space 12 for distributing the refrigerant (fluid) into each tube 2 is formed in the refrigerant lid 6A.
, 3, a nozzle 11 having two fluid distribution injection ports 11a that injects refrigerant diagonally downward (for example, at an angle of 60 degrees from vertically downward) is directed into the space 12 through the refrigerant lid 6A. It is installed protrudingly.
次に、本実施例の装置の動作について説明する。Next, the operation of the apparatus of this embodiment will be explained.
本実施例の熱交換器の上流側にて膨張し、気液二相流と
なった冷媒は、冷媒蓋６Ａの冷媒入口部７を通り、ノズ
ル１１の噴射口１１ａから冷却分配用空間１２に流入す
る。このとき、冷媒は、噴射口１１ａから斜め下方向へ
向けて噴射されるので、空間１２内における冷媒の流れ
は、第３図に矢印で示すようになることが、流れの可視
化試験により確認されている。The refrigerant expanded on the upstream side of the heat exchanger of this embodiment and turned into a gas-liquid two-phase flow passes through the refrigerant inlet 7 of the refrigerant lid 6A, and enters the cooling distribution space 12 from the injection port 11a of the nozzle 11. Inflow. At this time, since the refrigerant is injected diagonally downward from the injection port 11a, it was confirmed by a flow visualization test that the refrigerant flow within the space 12 is as shown by the arrow in FIG. ing.
つまり、気液分離により従来では空間１２の下部に落下
して滞りがちになる液相部分が、空間１２内の上部方向
へ噴き上げられた後、落下しながらチューブ２へ分配さ
れることになる。従って、空間１２内の冷媒の分布状態
が均一化され、従来方式では、上部側のチューブ２に、
うまく分配されなかった液相部分の冷媒も均一に分配さ
れるようになる。That is, due to gas-liquid separation, the liquid phase portion, which conventionally tends to fall and stagnate in the lower part of the space 12, is blown upward in the space 12 and then distributed to the tube 2 while falling. Therefore, the distribution state of the refrigerant in the space 12 is made uniform, and in the conventional method, the refrigerant is distributed in the upper tube 2.
The refrigerant in the liquid phase portion, which was not well distributed, is now evenly distributed.
また、チューブ２に流れ込めず空間１２の下部へ落下し
たままの液相部分もノズル１１から噴射される冷媒によ
り再び上部へ押し上げられることになる。Furthermore, the liquid phase portion that cannot flow into the tube 2 and remains at the bottom of the space 12 is pushed upward again by the refrigerant injected from the nozzle 11.
このように、本実施例の多管式熱交換器によれば、従来
の熱交換器と比べて冷媒分布が格段に均一化されるため
、実機にて、その性能が５〜８％程度も向上することが
確認されている。In this way, according to the multi-tubular heat exchanger of this embodiment, the refrigerant distribution is much more uniform compared to conventional heat exchangers, so the performance was improved by about 5 to 8% in actual equipment. It has been confirmed that this will improve.
なお、上記実施例では、ノズル１１における噴射口１１
ａを鉛直下方から６ｏ°の角度方向に形成した場合につ
いて説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではな
い。ただし、この６０°という角度が冷媒を均一化する
には最適であると推定される。In addition, in the above embodiment, the injection port 11 in the nozzle 11
Although the case where a is formed in an angular direction of 60° from vertically downward has been described, the present invention is not limited to this. However, this angle of 60° is estimated to be optimal for making the refrigerant uniform.
また、上記実施例では、ノズル１１において、噴射口１
１ａを２つ形成しているが、本発明はこれに限定される
ものではない。Further, in the above embodiment, in the nozzle 11, the injection port 1
Although two 1a are formed, the present invention is not limited to this.
［発明の効果コ
以上のように、この発明によれば、斜め下方向へ流体を
噴射する流体分配用噴射口を有するノズルを、流体分配
用空間内へ向けて突設し、該空間の下部に滞りがちにな
る液相部分を、空間内の上部方向へ噴き上げ、空間内の
流体の分布状態を均一化できるように構成したので、流
体の液分が、各チューブ内へ均等に分配され、熱交換器
としての性能が大幅に向上する効果がある。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, a nozzle having a fluid distribution injection port that injects fluid diagonally downward is provided to protrude into a fluid distribution space, and The liquid phase part, which tends to stagnate, is blown upward in the space, and the distribution of the fluid in the space can be made uniform, so the liquid component of the fluid is evenly distributed into each tube, This has the effect of significantly improving the performance as a heat exchanger.
第１図はこの発明の一実施例による多管式熱交換器を示
す要部断面図、第２図は第１図の■−■線に沿う拡大断
面図、第３図は第１図の■−■線に沿う断面図、第４，
５図は従来の多管式熱交換器を示すもので、第４図はそ
の分解斜視図、第５図はその冷媒８入り口側の冷媒蓋部
付近の断面図である。
図において、１−シェル（缶胴）、２−チューブ、６Ａ
−冷媒蓋、１１−ノズル、１ｌａ−流体分配用噴射口、
１２−流体分配用空間。
なお、図中、同一の符号は同一、又は相当部分を示して
いる。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in FIG. 1, and FIG. Sectional view along ■-■ line, 4th,
FIG. 5 shows a conventional multi-tubular heat exchanger, FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view thereof, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the vicinity of the refrigerant lid on the refrigerant 8 inlet side. In the figure, 1-shell (can body), 2-tube, 6A
- refrigerant lid, 11 - nozzle, 1la - fluid distribution injection port,
12-Space for fluid distribution. In addition, in the figures, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.
Claims (1)
らの各チューブ内へ流体を分配するための流体分配用空
間を有し前記缶胴の端部に取り付けられる蓋とから構成
され、前記缶胴内の缶胴側流体と前記の各チューブ内の
流体との間で熱交換を行なう多管式熱交換器において、
斜め下方向へ前記流体を噴射する流体分配用噴射口を有
するノズルが、前記蓋から前記空間内へ向けて突設され
ていることを特徴とする多管式熱交換器。It consists of a can body, a number of tubes housed within the can body, and a lid attached to the end of the can body and having a fluid distribution space for distributing fluid into each of these tubes. , in a multi-tube heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the can body side fluid in the can body and the fluid in each of the tubes,
A multi-tubular heat exchanger, characterized in that a nozzle having a fluid distribution injection port that injects the fluid obliquely downward is provided to protrude from the lid into the space.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2030263A JPH0794957B2 (en) | 1990-02-08 | 1990-02-08 | Multi-tube heat exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2030263A JPH0794957B2 (en) | 1990-02-08 | 1990-02-08 | Multi-tube heat exchanger |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03233298A true JPH03233298A (en) | 1991-10-17 |
| JPH0794957B2 JPH0794957B2 (en) | 1995-10-11 |
Family
ID=12298819
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2030263A Expired - Lifetime JPH0794957B2 (en) | 1990-02-08 | 1990-02-08 | Multi-tube heat exchanger |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0794957B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101672295B1 (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2016-11-03 | 박종헌 | Gas-liquid mixing and distributing apparatus, shell and tube type heat exchanger |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5330002U (en) * | 1976-08-19 | 1978-03-15 | ||
| JPS54156865U (en) * | 1978-03-29 | 1979-10-31 |
-
1990
- 1990-02-08 JP JP2030263A patent/JPH0794957B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5330002U (en) * | 1976-08-19 | 1978-03-15 | ||
| JPS54156865U (en) * | 1978-03-29 | 1979-10-31 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0794957B2 (en) | 1995-10-11 |
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