JPH03161761A - Toner - Google Patents
TonerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03161761A JPH03161761A JP1300835A JP30083589A JPH03161761A JP H03161761 A JPH03161761 A JP H03161761A JP 1300835 A JP1300835 A JP 1300835A JP 30083589 A JP30083589 A JP 30083589A JP H03161761 A JPH03161761 A JP H03161761A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- polyester
- charge control
- control agent
- sulfonic acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 15
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 14
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- -1 cobalt complex salt Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical group NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMKKEOQDQNCTGL-ZETCQYMHSA-N (2s)-2-[(2-nitrophenoxy)methyl]oxirane Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1OC[C@H]1OC1 SMKKEOQDQNCTGL-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DZSVIVLGBJKQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1CC(C(C)C)CC=C1C DZSVIVLGBJKQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTZVZZJJVJQZHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 KTZVZZJJVJQZHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHAFIUUYXQFJEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloroethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XHAFIUUYXQFJEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWLHAQYOFMQTHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-N-[8-[[8-(4-aminoanilino)-10-phenylphenazin-10-ium-2-yl]amino]-10-phenylphenazin-10-ium-2-yl]-8-N,10-diphenylphenazin-10-ium-2,8-diamine hydroxy-oxido-dioxochromium Chemical compound O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.Nc1ccc(Nc2ccc3nc4ccc(Nc5ccc6nc7ccc(Nc8ccc9nc%10ccc(Nc%11ccccc%11)cc%10[n+](-c%10ccccc%10)c9c8)cc7[n+](-c7ccccc7)c6c5)cc4[n+](-c4ccccc4)c3c2)cc1 FWLHAQYOFMQTHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSOMQGJOPSLUAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenylbuta-1,3-dienylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC(C=C)=CC1=CC=CC=C1 QSOMQGJOPSLUAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C(C)=C WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DZNJMLVCIZGWSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3',6'-bis(diethylamino)spiro[2-benzofuran-3,9'-xanthene]-1-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC=C(N(CC)CC)C=C1OC1=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C21 DZNJMLVCIZGWSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMPUCZGGNKXEQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-cyclohexyl-2-[[4-[1-[4-[(5-cyclohexyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)diazenyl]-3-methylphenyl]cyclohexyl]-2-methylphenyl]diazenyl]phenol Chemical compound C1(CCCCC1)(C1=CC(=C(C=C1)N=NC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C1CCCCC1)O)C)C1=CC(=C(C=C1)N=NC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C1CCCCC1)O)C QMPUCZGGNKXEQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPQKUYVSJWQSDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenyldiazenylaniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1N=NC1=CC=CC=C1 QPQKUYVSJWQSDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VJUKWPOWHJITTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 81-39-0 Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=C2C3=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C3=CC(=O)N2C VJUKWPOWHJITTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical compound C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ORLQHILJRHBSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1(CO)CCCCC1 ORLQHILJRHBSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CJPQIRJHIZUAQP-MRXNPFEDSA-N benalaxyl-M Chemical compound CC=1C=CC=C(C)C=1N([C@H](C)C(=O)OC)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CJPQIRJHIZUAQP-MRXNPFEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- MPMBRWOOISTHJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MPMBRWOOISTHJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- IWWWBRIIGAXLCJ-BGABXYSRSA-N chembl1185241 Chemical compound C1=2C=C(C)C(NCC)=CC=2OC2=C\C(=N/CC)C(C)=CC2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC IWWWBRIIGAXLCJ-BGABXYSRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-dicarboxylate;hydron Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(C(O)=O)CCCCC1 QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- NHOGGUYTANYCGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxybenzene Chemical compound C=COC1=CC=CC=C1 NHOGGUYTANYCGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940051250 hexylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010187 litholrubine BK Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- VKWNTWQXVLKCSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethyl-1-[(4-phenyldiazenylphenyl)diazenyl]naphthalen-2-amine Chemical compound CCNC1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1N=NC(C=C1)=CC=C1N=NC1=CC=CC=C1 VKWNTWQXVLKCSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940067265 pigment yellow 138 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKVXIGHJGBQFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium 5-amino-3-[[4-[4-[(7-amino-1-hydroxy-3-sulfonatonaphthalen-2-yl)diazenyl]phenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC=C(C=C2)N=NC3=C(C=C4C=CC(=CC4=C3[O-])N)S(=O)(=O)O)N=NC5=C(C6=C(C=C(C=C6C=C5S(=O)(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)[O-])N)[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+] FKVXIGHJGBQFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は結着樹脂、着色剤及び電荷制御剤から成るトナ
ーに係り、より詳細には，優れた負電荷制御剤を用いる
ことによって，電荷特性の安定性が高められ，且つ樹脂
と電荷制御剤の組合わせによって、負電荷制御剤の分散
性が良く，光透過性が高められたトナーに関する．
（従来の技術）
電子写真法、静電印刷法の分野では、像担持体上に形成
された静電潜像を可視像化する目的でトナーを使用して
いる．このトナーは，樹脂媒質中としては所望の検電性
と結着性を備えた樹脂，例えばスチレン系樹脂，エポキ
シ系樹脂等の各種樹脂が使用され、着色剤としてはカー
ボンブラックや他の有機系又は無機系の着色顔料が使用
されている．
また、トナーは静電気的に負に帯電される場合が多く、
結着剤中には一般に負電荷制御剤が含有される．トナー
の電荷ＩＩＩ ｆａ剤としては，含クロム、鉄或いはコ
バルトの錯塩アゾ染料や含クロムサルチル酸及びアルキ
ルサルチル酸化合物等の金属染料が用いられている．こ
れらの染料は０．５％乃至４％のオーダで使用されてト
ナーに充分な負電荷特性を付与している。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a toner comprising a binder resin, a colorant, and a charge control agent. This invention relates to a toner with improved stability of properties, good dispersibility of a negative charge control agent, and enhanced light transmittance due to a combination of a resin and a charge control agent. (Prior Art) In the fields of electrophotography and electrostatic printing, toner is used for the purpose of visualizing an electrostatic latent image formed on an image carrier. In this toner, various resins such as styrene resin and epoxy resin are used as the resin medium, and the coloring agent is carbon black or other organic resin. Or inorganic colored pigments are used. Additionally, toner is often electrostatically negatively charged.
The binder generally contains a negative charge control agent. As charge III fa agents for toner, metal dyes such as chromium-containing, iron or cobalt complex salt azo dyes and chromium-containing salicylic acid and alkyl salicylic acid compounds are used. These dyes are used on the order of 0.5% to 4% to impart sufficient negative charge characteristics to the toner.
また、最近，マゼンタ、シアン、イエロー、及びブラッ
クのカラートナーを重ね合わせて画像を形成させるフル
カラー現像が行われている。このようなフルカラー用ト
ナーにおいて、重ね合わせた各トナーが他のトナーの発
色をそこなわないようにするため，トナー成分の着色剤
以外、即ち結着剤及び電荷制御剤等は光透過性に優れて
いることが望まれている．
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
しかしながら、このような従来の負電荷制御剤は構造的
に複雑で安定性に乏しく，機械的摩擦、熱、光照射等の
条件により分散、変質しやすく、負電荷制御剤としての
電荷特性を失う不具合がある．また、このような電荷制
御剤は結着剤である熱可塑性樹脂中での分散性が悪く、
トナーの帯電性及び光透過性に影響を与える不具合があ
る．また、従来の負電荷制御剤は金属染料が多く有色物
であるため、トナー本来のカラーを出すための調整が難
しく、トナーの色相に影響を与える。Further, recently, full-color development has been carried out in which an image is formed by overlapping magenta, cyan, yellow, and black color toners. In such full-color toners, in order to prevent each overlapping toner from damaging the color development of other toners, toner components other than colorants, such as binders and charge control agents, have excellent light transmittance. It is hoped that the (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, such conventional negative charge control agents are structurally complex and lack stability, and are easily dispersed and altered by conditions such as mechanical friction, heat, and light irradiation. There is a problem that it loses its charge characteristics as a negative charge control agent. In addition, such charge control agents have poor dispersibility in thermoplastic resins, which are binders.
There is a problem that affects the toner's chargeability and light transmittance. Further, since conventional negative charge control agents contain many metallic dyes and are colored substances, it is difficult to adjust them to bring out the original color of the toner, and this affects the hue of the toner.
更に、有色物であることが制限となり、トナーに充分な
電荷特性を付与できない場合がある．よって本発明は，
機械的摩擦や勲等による変質がなく、電荷特性の安定で
ばらつきのないトナーを提供することにある．
本発明はまた、カラートナー及びフル力ラートナーとし
て充分に用いることのできるトナーを提供することにあ
る．
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明によれば、ポリエステルを主成分とする結着剤と
，スルホン酸含有炭化水素一Ｎ−アクリルアミド系単量
体を主成分とする重合体よりなる電荷制御剤と、着色剤
とを含有してなることを特徴とするトナーが提供される
．
本発明によればまた、前記トナーが他のトナーと重ね合
わせて用いられることを特徴とするフルカラー用トナー
が提供される．
（作用）
本発明は，ポリエステルを結着剤とし、スルホン酸含有
炭化水素一Ｎ−アクリルアミド系単量体から成る重合体
を負電荷制御剤とすることにより，トナーに安定な電荷
特性を付与し、且つトナーが光透過性にも優れていると
いう知見に基づくものである．
スルホン酸含有炭化水素一Ｎ−アクリルアミド系単量体
からなる重合体は、ポリエステルに含有されるが，この
重合体は該単量体の単独重合物であってもよく、また結
着剤などに用いられる一般的な樹脂の単量体との共重合
体であることも望ましい．特に、共重合体としたときに
は，好適な分子量の重合物が得られる．そして，共重合
体の重量平均分子量は２０００乃至１５０００の範囲に
あることが望ましく、スルホン酸含有炭化水素一Ｎ−ア
クリルアミド系単量体と他の添加単量体との共重合比は
．８０／２０乃至９８／２の範囲にあることが望ましい
．
スルホン酸含有炭化水素一Ｎ−アクリルアミド系単量体
から成る電荷制御剤は、アゾ染料や金属錯体と違って、
トナー中にあって安定であり、しかも、電荷制御作用部
位であるスルホン酸部位は重合体に組込まれた状態にな
っている．このため、このような単量体を含むトナーは
電荷特性が安定で機械的摩擦や熱等による影響が少ない
．また、スルホン酸含有炭化水素一Ｎ−アクリルアミド
系単量体からなる上記の重合体或いは共重合体は、ポリ
エステル１００重量部に０．５乃至１０重量部、特に１
乃至６重量部の範囲で含有されることが望ましい．スル
ホン酸含有炭化水素一Ｎ−アクリルアミド系単量体から
或る重合体は、通常スチレン系、アクリル系樹脂などの
熱可塑性樹脂に対して相溶性がみられ、結着剤樹脂中で
の分散性が良い．本発明では、これらの樹脂の中からポ
リエステルを選んで使用しており、前記範囲において、
ポリエステルは制御剤を均一に分散させ得ることができ
るものである．電荷制御剤の量が前記範囲より少ないと
、トナーの電荷は充分に制御されず、前記範囲より大き
いと、トナーの帯電性が低下及び強度に問題が生じてく
る．電荷制御剤の結着剤中での均一な分散は、トナーの
帯電性におけるばらつきを解消するものであり、トナー
による現像の際の画像のかぶりやトナー飛散等を防止す
る．また、ポリエステルを結着剤とした場合、ポリエス
テルは帯電性、定着時の溶融粘度特性等に優れ、電冑制
御剤との相溶性が良好であるため、画質のムラを発生す
ることなく、透光性に優れるトナ一定着画像を形成する
ことができる．
また、電荷制御剤である重合体は無色であり、変色等を
起こす虞がない．このため，カラートナーに適用するこ
とが好適である．カラートナーの現像色の特定は結着樹
脂中に含有される着色剤によって特定されるが、電荷制
御剤が有色物であれば、その制御剤の色を考慮して配合
量を決定する必要が生じる．このような配合調整は煩雑
さを伴うだけでなく、場合によっては所望の色のトナー
が得られない場合がある．これに対して、重合体が無色
物であれば、着色剤は電荷制御剤の色による影響を受け
ず、トナーの色特性に直接反映させることができる．
更に，複数種のカラートナーの重ね合わせによるフルカ
ラーの画像形成に用いる場合，即ちフルカラートナーと
して用いる場合には、トナーには分光透過特性が要求さ
れる．
ポリエステルは前述した如く、帯電性と溶融粘度特性に
優れ、しかも電荷制御剤とポリエステルとの相溶性が高
いために、その光透過性が失われないので、フルカラー
用トナーとして用いると，トナーの付着ムラや、定着ト
ナー表面の凹凸を生じることなく、鮮彩に発色するカラ
ー画像を形成することができる．
（発明の好ましい態様）
以下、本発明に係るトナーの好ましい態様を詳述する．
本発明に用いるトナーは、定着用結着剤中に着色剤及び
電荷制御剤或いは更にそれ自体周知のトナー用配合剤を
配合したものである．
駿豆１
本発明の結着剤にはポリエステルが用いられ、ポリエス
テルはそれ自体公知のものを使用することができる．尚
、その他のポリスチレン系、アクリル系、ポリエーテル
系、ボリアミド系、オレフィン系等を適宜含有させるこ
ともできる．また，現像性、転写性の見知からは、ポリ
エステルの導電率は１．０ Ｘ １ ０−”乃至５．Ｏ
ｘ １ ０−’｛ｓ／ｃａｌの範囲を満たすことが望
ましい．
このような特性を有するポリエステル系樹脂としては、
ポリオールとポリカルボン酸から合成され，ポリ才−ル
としては脂肪族ボリ才−ル、芳香族ポリオール、複素環
系ボリ才一ル等が挙げられ、特に芳香族ポリ才−ルのビ
スフェノール型ボリ才一ルが好ましい．ポリカルボン酸
としては、脂肪族ポリカルボン酸，芳香族ポリカルボン
酸等が挙げられる．
より具体的に酸成分としては、テレフタル酸、イソフタ
ル酸，ナフタレンジカルボン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸
、コハク酸，アジビン酸，セバシン酸、シクロヘキサン
ジカルボン酸等が挙げられ、主にテレフタル酸が用いら
れる．
また、ボリオール成分としては、エチレングリコール，
ブロビレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、ブタン
ジオール，シクロヘキサンジメタノール、ヘキシレング
リコール、トリエチレングリコール、或いはグリセロー
ル、マンニトール、ベンタエリストール、ビスフェノー
ルＡ， ２．２ −ビス（４−オキシプロポキシフェニ
ル）プロパン、２．２−ビス（オキシェトキシフェニル
）ブロバン等を挙げることができる．尚、これらの組み
合わせは、電荷制御剤との相溶性及び透明性を考慮して
適宜に行われる．
１五劃
樹脂中に含有させる着色剤としては、この分野で使用さ
れるそれ自体公知の各種染料、顔料が使用される．例え
ば、マゼンタ系着色剤としては、Ｃ．Ｉ．ビグメントレ
ッド８１，Ｃ．Ｉ．ビグメントレッド１２２、Ｃ．Ｉ．
ピグメントレッド５７、Ｃ．！．ソルベントレッド４９
、Ｃ．Ｉ．ソルベントレッド１９、Ｃ．Ｉ．ソルベント
レッド５２、Ｃ．Ｉ．ベシック（Ｂａｓｉｃ）レッド１
０、ｃ．ｒ．ディバーズ（Ｄｉｓｐｅｒｓａ）レッド１
５等が挙げられ、シアン系着色剤としては、（：．Ｉ．
ビグメントブル−１５、Ｃ．Ｉ．ビグメントブル−１６
、Ｃ．Ｉ．ソルベントブル−２５、Ｃ．Ｉ．ソルベント
ブル−５５． Ｃ．Ｉ．ルペントブル−７０、（：．Ｉ
．ダイレクトブルー８６、Ｃ．Ｉ．ダイレクトブルー２
５等が挙げられ，イエロー系着色剤としては、Ｃ．Ｉ．
ビグメントイエロー１７、Ｃ．Ｉ．ビグメントイエロー
１２．ｃ．Ｉ．ビグメントイエロー１、ｃ．ｒ．ピグメ
ントイエロー９７、ｃ．ｒ．ビグメントイエロー１３８
、Ｃ．Ｉ．ピグメントイエロー１２．Ｃ．Ｉ．ビグメン
トイエロー７３．Ｃ．１．ピグメントイエロー１３．ｃ
．Ｉ．ソルベントイエロー２９．Ｃ．Ｉ．ソルベントイ
エロー１６２．（：．１．ソルベントイエロー９３等が
挙げられ、ブラック系着色剤としては、カーボンブラッ
ク、ランプブラック、アニリンブラック等を挙げること
ができる．これら着色剤と定＠樹脂との混合比は１：ｌ
ＯＯ乃至３０：１００、特に３：ｌ００乃至２０：ｌ０
０重量比で用いられる。Furthermore, the fact that the toner is a colored material is a limitation, and it may not be possible to impart sufficient charge characteristics to the toner. Therefore, the present invention
The objective is to provide toner that is free from deterioration due to mechanical friction or damage, and has stable and consistent charge characteristics. Another object of the present invention is to provide a toner that can be satisfactorily used as a color toner and a full strength toner. (Means for Solving the Problems) According to the present invention, a charge composed of a binder mainly composed of polyester and a polymer mainly composed of a sulfonic acid-containing hydrocarbon-N-acrylamide monomer is provided. A toner is provided that contains a control agent and a colorant. According to the present invention, there is also provided a full-color toner, characterized in that the toner is used in combination with another toner. (Function) The present invention imparts stable charge characteristics to the toner by using polyester as a binder and a polymer consisting of a sulfonic acid-containing hydrocarbon-N-acrylamide monomer as a negative charge control agent. This is based on the knowledge that the toner also has excellent light transmittance. A polymer consisting of a sulfonic acid-containing hydrocarbon-N-acrylamide monomer is contained in polyester, but this polymer may be a homopolymer of the monomer, or may be used as a binder etc. It is also desirable that it be a copolymer with the monomer of the commonly used resin. In particular, when used as a copolymer, a polymer with a suitable molecular weight can be obtained. The weight average molecular weight of the copolymer is preferably in the range of 2,000 to 15,000, and the copolymerization ratio of the sulfonic acid-containing hydrocarbon-N-acrylamide monomer and other added monomers is . It is desirable that it be in the range of 80/20 to 98/2. Charge control agents composed of sulfonic acid-containing hydrocarbon-N-acrylamide monomers, unlike azo dyes and metal complexes,
It is stable in the toner, and the sulfonic acid moiety, which acts as a charge control moiety, is incorporated into the polymer. Therefore, toner containing such monomers has stable charge characteristics and is less affected by mechanical friction, heat, etc. The above-mentioned polymer or copolymer composed of a sulfonic acid-containing hydrocarbon-N-acrylamide monomer may be added in an amount of 0.5 to 10 parts by weight, especially 1 part by weight, per 100 parts by weight of polyester.
The content is preferably in the range of 6 parts by weight. Certain polymers made from sulfonic acid-containing hydrocarbon-N-acrylamide monomers are generally compatible with thermoplastic resins such as styrene and acrylic resins, and have low dispersibility in binder resins. is good. In the present invention, polyester is selected and used from among these resins, and within the above range,
Polyester is one in which the control agent can be uniformly dispersed. If the amount of the charge control agent is less than the above range, the charge of the toner will not be sufficiently controlled, and if it is larger than the above range, the chargeability of the toner will decrease and problems will arise in the strength. Uniform dispersion of the charge control agent in the binder eliminates variations in toner chargeability, and prevents image fogging and toner scattering during toner development. In addition, when polyester is used as a binder, polyester has excellent charging properties, melt viscosity properties during fixing, etc., and has good compatibility with electrostatic control agents, so it can be used without causing unevenness in image quality. It is possible to form toner-fixed images with excellent optical properties. In addition, the polymer that is the charge control agent is colorless, so there is no risk of causing discoloration. Therefore, it is suitable to apply to color toner. The developed color of a color toner is determined by the colorant contained in the binder resin, but if the charge control agent is colored, the amount of charge control agent to be added must be determined by considering the color of the control agent. arise. Such blending adjustment is not only complicated, but in some cases, it may not be possible to obtain a toner of a desired color. On the other hand, if the polymer is colorless, the colorant is not affected by the color of the charge control agent and can be directly reflected in the color characteristics of the toner. Furthermore, when used to form a full-color image by overlapping multiple types of color toners, that is, when used as a full-color toner, the toner is required to have spectral transmission characteristics. As mentioned above, polyester has excellent chargeability and melt viscosity characteristics, and since the charge control agent and polyester are highly compatible, its light transmittance is not lost, so when used as a full-color toner, toner adhesion It is possible to form vivid color images without unevenness or unevenness on the surface of the fixed toner. (Preferred Embodiments of the Invention) Preferred embodiments of the toner according to the present invention will be described in detail below. The toner used in the present invention contains a fixing binder mixed with a colorant and a charge control agent, or further with a well-known toner compounding agent. Sun Beans 1 Polyester is used as the binder of the present invention, and polyesters known per se can be used. In addition, other polystyrene-based, acrylic-based, polyether-based, polyamide-based, olefin-based, etc. may be included as appropriate. Also, from the knowledge of developability and transferability, the electrical conductivity of polyester is 1.0 x 10-" to 5.0
It is desirable to satisfy the range x 1 0-'{s/cal. Polyester resins with such characteristics include:
It is synthesized from polyols and polycarboxylic acids, and polyols include aliphatic polyols, aromatic polyols, heterocyclic polyols, etc., and in particular aromatic polyols such as bisphenol-type polyols. One level is preferred. Examples of polycarboxylic acids include aliphatic polycarboxylic acids and aromatic polycarboxylic acids. More specifically, acid components include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, adibic acid, sebacic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, and the like, with terephthalic acid being mainly used. In addition, polyol components include ethylene glycol,
Brobylene glycol, diethylene glycol, butanediol, cyclohexanedimethanol, hexylene glycol, triethylene glycol, or glycerol, mannitol, bentaerystol, bisphenol A, 2.2-bis(4-oxypropoxyphenyl)propane, 2.2 -bis(oxyethoxyphenyl)broban, etc. Incidentally, these combinations are appropriately carried out in consideration of compatibility with the charge control agent and transparency. 1. As the coloring agent contained in the resin, various known dyes and pigments used in this field can be used. For example, as a magenta colorant, C.I. I. Pigment Red 81,C. I. Pigment Red 122, C. I.
Pigment Red 57, C. ! ．． Solvent Red 49
,C. I. Solvent Red 19, C. I. Solvent Red 52, C. I. Basic Red 1
0, c. r. Dispersa Red 1
5, etc., and examples of the cyan colorant include (:.I.
Pigment Blue-15, C. I. Pigment Blue-16
,C. I. Solvent Blue-25, C.I. I. Solvent Blue-55. C. I. Le Pente Blue-70, (:.I
．． Direct Blue 86, C. I. direct blue 2
5, etc., and examples of the yellow coloring agent include C.I. I.
Pigment Yellow 17, C. I. Pigment Yellow 12. c. I. Pigment Yellow 1, c. r. Pigment Yellow 97, c. r. Pigment Yellow 138
,C. I. Pigment Yellow 12. C. I. Pigment Yellow 73. C. 1. Pigment Yellow 13. c.
．． I. Solvent Yellow 29. C. I. Solvent Yellow 162. (:.1.Solvent Yellow 93 etc. can be mentioned, and black colorants can include carbon black, lamp black, aniline black etc.The mixing ratio of these colorants and constant@resin is 1:1
OO to 30:100, especially 3:100 to 20:10
0 weight ratio is used.
着色剤と定着樹脂の混合比は、ｌ：ｌ００乃至２０：１
００、特に３：ｌ００乃至１０：１００の重量比で用い
られる．
魚ＸＪＦＪ史基剤
負電荷制御剤には、スルホン酸含有炭化水素一Ｎ−アク
リルアミド系単量体からなる重合体が用いられ、この重
合体は該単量体の単独重合物であってもよく、また結着
剤などに用いられる一般的な単量体、例えばスチレン系
、アクリル系、エポキシ系の単量体との共重合体である
ことも望ましい．共重合体としたときには、その重量平
均分子量が２０００乃至１５０００の範囲にあることが
望ましく、スルホン酸含有炭化水素一Ｎ−アクリルアミ
ド系単量体と他の添加単量体との共重合比は、８ ０／
２ ０乃至９８／２、特に８５／１５乃至９０／１０の
範囲にあることが望ましい．また、スルホン酸含有炭化
水素一Ｎ−アクリルアくド系単量体からなる上記の重合
体或いは共重合体は、ポリエステル１００重■部に０．
５乃至１０重量部、特に１乃至６重量部の範囲で含有さ
れることが望ましい．電荷制御剤としての重合体の量が
前記範囲より少ないと、トナーの電荷は充分に制御され
ず、前記範囲より大きいと、トナーの帯電性が低下及び
強度に問題が生じてくる．スルホン酸含有炭化水素一Ｎ
−アクリルアミド系単量体の炭化水素はアクリルアミド
のＮ元素に結合しているものであり，スルホン酸基を１
以上有するものである．炭化水素は脂肪族及び芳香族で
あっても良い．スルホン酸含有炭化水素一Ｎ−アクリル
アミド系単量体の具体的なものとしては，３−アクリル
アミドー３−メチルブチルスルホン酸、２−アクリルア
ミドー２−メチルプチルスルホン酸，２−アクリルアミ
ドー２−メチルスルホン酸等が挙げられる．
また、共重合体に使用される他の単量体としては次のも
のが挙げられる．
スチレン系としては、単量体にスチレン，α−メチルス
チレン，ビニルトルエン、α−クロロスチレン． ｏ
＋． ＩＩ ＋， ｐ−クロロスチレン，エチルス
チレン，ジビニルスチレン等が単独または組み合わせて
用いられる．
アクリル系としては、例えばエチルアクリレート、メチ
ルメタクリレート、プチルメタクリレート、２−エチル
へキシルメタクリレート，アクリル酸，メタクリル酸等
が単独或いは組み命わせて用いられる．
ビニルエーテル系としては、ビニルーｎ−プチルエーテ
ル、ビニルフエニルエーテル、ビニルシクロヘキサシル
エーテル等が用いられる．オレフィン系としては，エチ
レン、プロピレン、ブテンー１、ペンテン−１、メチル
ベンテン−１等が挙げられる．
重合体及び共重合体の重合方法は、低級アルコールを含
む有機溶媒中で、公知の過酸化物開始剤の存在下で行わ
れ，有機溶剤は前記のスルホン酸含有炭化水素一Ｎ−ア
クリルアミド系単量体が充分に分散されるものであれば
よい．
Ｌ±：
トナーの製造は、上述した組成物を溶融混練し，これを
粒状化することによって行ってもよい．成形に当たって
は、混線組成物を冷却した後，これを粉砕し、分級する
ことによって得られる．得られたトナー粒子の粒径は、
コールターカウンターで洞定した粒径は体積基準メジア
ン径５乃至２０μｍ、特に８乃至１５μｍの範囲にある
のがよく、また粒子形状は溶融混線・粉砕で製造された
不定形のものでも、また，球状のものでもよい．また、
トナーの表面には、疎水性シリカ微粒子をまぶして、そ
の流動性を向上させてもよい。The mixing ratio of colorant and fixing resin is 1:100 to 20:1.
00, especially in a weight ratio of 3:100 to 10:100. A polymer consisting of a sulfonic acid-containing hydrocarbon-N-acrylamide monomer is used for the fish XJFJ history base negative charge control agent, and this polymer may be a homopolymer of the monomer. It is also desirable that it be a copolymer with common monomers used as binders, such as styrene, acrylic, and epoxy monomers. When made into a copolymer, it is desirable that the weight average molecular weight is in the range of 2,000 to 15,000, and the copolymerization ratio of the sulfonic acid-containing hydrocarbon-N-acrylamide monomer and other added monomers is as follows: 8 0/
It is desirable that it be in the range of 20 to 98/2, especially 85/15 to 90/10. Further, the above-mentioned polymer or copolymer composed of a sulfonic acid-containing hydrocarbon-N-acrylic acid monomer may be added in an amount of 0.00 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of polyester.
It is preferably contained in a range of 5 to 10 parts by weight, particularly 1 to 6 parts by weight. If the amount of the polymer as a charge control agent is less than the above range, the charge of the toner will not be sufficiently controlled, and if it is larger than the above range, the chargeability of the toner will decrease and problems will arise in the strength. Sulfonic acid-containing hydrocarbon-N
- The hydrocarbon of the acrylamide monomer is bonded to the N element of acrylamide, and the sulfonic acid group is
It has the above. Hydrocarbons may be aliphatic and aromatic. Specific examples of the sulfonic acid-containing hydrocarbon monomer include 3-acrylamide-3-methylbutylsulfonic acid, 2-acrylamide-2-methylbutylsulfonic acid, and 2-acrylamide-2-methyl. Examples include sulfonic acid. Other monomers used in the copolymer include the following: Styrene monomers include styrene, α-methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, and α-chlorostyrene. o
+. II +, p-chlorostyrene, ethylstyrene, divinylstyrene, etc. are used alone or in combination. As the acrylic type, for example, ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, etc. are used alone or in combination. As the vinyl ether type, vinyl-n-butyl ether, vinyl phenyl ether, vinyl cyclohexacyl ether, etc. are used. Examples of olefins include ethylene, propylene, butene-1, pentene-1, and methylbentene-1. The polymerization method for polymers and copolymers is carried out in an organic solvent containing a lower alcohol in the presence of a known peroxide initiator. It is sufficient as long as the mass is sufficiently dispersed. L±: The toner may be produced by melt-kneading the above-mentioned composition and granulating it. For molding, it is obtained by cooling the mixed wire composition, then crushing it and classifying it. The particle size of the obtained toner particles is
The particle size determined by Coulter Counter is preferably in the volume-based median diameter range of 5 to 20 μm, especially 8 to 15 μm, and the particle shape may be irregular, produced by melt mixing and crushing, or spherical. It can also be from. Also,
The surface of the toner may be sprinkled with hydrophobic silica particles to improve its fluidity.
本発明のトナーは、フエライト、鉄粉等の磁性キャリャ
との組み合わせで、カラー現像用の二成分系磁性現像剤
として主に使用され、オーバーヘッドプロジェクター用
トランスペアレンシーの作成や，その他のカラーコピー
の作成に利用される。特に、複数のトナーを重ねて使用
するフルカラートナーに利用することができる。The toner of the present invention is mainly used as a two-component magnetic developer for color development in combination with a magnetic carrier such as ferrite or iron powder, and is used for creating transparency for overhead projectors and for creating other color copies. used for. In particular, it can be used for full color toner in which multiple toners are used in layers.
（発明の効果）
本発明によれば、ポリエステルを主成分とする結着剤と
、スルホン酸含有炭化水素一Ｎ−アクリルアミド系単量
体を主成分とする重合体よりなる電荷制御剤とでトナー
を形成することにより、トナー中の電荷制御剤が変質し
難くなるので、機械的摩擦や熱等によるトナーの変質を
抑えることができ、且つトナーの電荷特性を安定にする
ことができる．また，電荷制御剤はポリエステルに良く
分敗するので、トナーの電荷量のばらつきが少なくなり
、現像の際のかぶりやトナーの飛散等を少なくすること
ができる．更に、電荷制御剤は無色でポリエステルに相
溶性があり，ポリエステル自身透明性が高いので、トナ
ーは着色剤部分以外は充分な光透過性を有し、カラート
ナー及びフル力ラートナーとして充分に用いることので
きる．（実施例ｌ）
結着樹脂としてポリエステル樹脂ｌＯＯ重量部．着色剤
としてカーボンプラック５重量部，スチレンと２−アク
リルアミドー２−メチルプロパンスルホン酸との共重合
体（組成比＝２０：１、重量平均分子量（Ｍｗ） ：
８．０００ ） ３重量部の処方で常法により、溶融
混線、冷却、粉砕，分級して平均拉径が１１μｍのトナ
ー粒子を得た．（実施例２）
実施例ｌにおいて着色剤としてｃ．ｒ．ビグメントブル
ー２５を５重量部使用した以外は同様にして平均粒径が
１１μｍのシアン用トナーを得た．（実施例３）
実施例ｌにおいて，スチレンと２−アクリルアミドー２
−メチルブロバンスルホン酸との共重合体（組成比＝２
０：ｌ．重量平均分子量（Ｍｗ）５．０００ ） ４重
量部、着色剤としてＣ． Ｉ．ピグメントレッド１２２
を４重量部とした以外は同様にして平均粒径がｌｌｕｍ
のマゼンタ用トナーを得た．
（実廁例４）
実施例２において、着色剤としてＣ．Ｉ．ビグメントイ
エローｌ２を３．５重量部使用した以外は同様にして平
均粒径１１ｕｍのイエロー用トナーを得た．
（比較例ｌ）
結着樹脂としてスチレンーアクリル系重合体を用いた以
外は実施例２と同様にして平均粒径１１ｕｍのトナーを
得た．
（比較例２）
結着樹脂としてポリエステル樹脂１ｏｏ重量部、Ｃ．！
．ビグメントブル−２５を５重量部、サリチル酸系クロ
ム錯体染料２重量部を使用し、常法によって、平均粒径
が１１μｍのシアン用トナーを得た。(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, a toner can be prepared using a binder mainly composed of polyester and a charge control agent composed of a polymer mainly composed of a sulfonic acid-containing hydrocarbon-N-acrylamide monomer. By forming this, the charge control agent in the toner becomes difficult to change in quality, so it is possible to suppress the change in quality of the toner due to mechanical friction, heat, etc., and to stabilize the charge characteristics of the toner. In addition, since the charge control agent separates well into polyester, variations in the charge amount of the toner are reduced, and fogging and toner scattering during development can be reduced. Furthermore, since the charge control agent is colorless and compatible with polyester, and the polyester itself is highly transparent, the toner has sufficient light transmittance except for the colorant portion, and can be used satisfactorily as a color toner and a full-strength toner. Can be done. (Example 1) 100 parts by weight of polyester resin as the binder resin. 5 parts by weight of carbon plaque as a coloring agent, a copolymer of styrene and 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (composition ratio = 20:1, weight average molecular weight (Mw):
8.000) Toner particles having an average diameter of 11 μm were obtained by melt mixing, cooling, pulverizing, and classifying according to a conventional method using a formulation of 3 parts by weight. (Example 2) In Example 1, c. r. A cyan toner having an average particle size of 11 μm was obtained in the same manner except that 5 parts by weight of Pigment Blue 25 was used. (Example 3) In Example 1, styrene and 2-acrylamide 2
- Copolymer with methylbrobanesulfonic acid (composition ratio = 2
0:l. Weight average molecular weight (Mw) 5.000) 4 parts by weight, C.I. I. pigment red 122
The average particle size was llum in the same manner except that 4 parts by weight was used.
I obtained magenta toner. (Practical Example 4) In Example 2, C.I. I. A yellow toner having an average particle size of 11 um was obtained in the same manner except that 3.5 parts by weight of Pigment Yellow 12 was used. (Comparative Example 1) A toner having an average particle size of 11 um was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that a styrene-acrylic polymer was used as the binder resin. (Comparative Example 2) 100 parts by weight of polyester resin as a binder resin, C.I. !
．． A cyan toner having an average particle size of 11 μm was obtained by a conventional method using 5 parts by weight of Pigment Blue-25 and 2 parts by weight of a salicylic acid-based chromium complex dye.
上記トナーを使用して、耐熱試験を行った．その結果を
表−１に示す。A heat resistance test was conducted using the above toner. The results are shown in Table-1.
表−１
＊現像条件
・感光体の表面電位 ７００ ｍ
・ハイアス電位４７０〜４９０（ｖ）
・ドラムスリーブ間距離 ０．７問
・穂切り ０．６問
で，レーザービームプリンターＬＰＸ−１ （三田工
業社製、商品名）改造機を用いて，５万枚の画像形成を
行った．
画像濃度は，デンジトメーターＰＤＡ （サクラ■、商
品名）を用いて測定し，黒は２．０以上、シアン、マゼ
ンタ、イエローとも１．７〜１．９を適正とした．また
、画像力ブリ、トナー飛散は拡大写真及び実機を目視す
ることにより評価した．耐ブロッキング性については、
６０℃の才−ブン内で、内径が２６．５ｇのガラス製の
円筒シリンダにトナー２０ｇを入れ、トナーの上にｌ
ＯＯｇの分銅を載せて３０分間放置し、その後、シリン
ダを抜き取って、トナーが崩れるか、崩れないかで評価
した．又透明性に関しては、シアン用トナーに関しては
、６００ｎｍの光の透過率と４９０ｎｍの先の透過率．
マゼンタ用トナーに関しては５５０ｎｍの光の透過率と
４４０ｎｍの光の透過率，イエロー用トナーに関しては
４００ｎｍの光の透過率と６００ ｎｍの光の透過率で
評価した。Table-1 *Development conditions/Surface potential of photoreceptor 700 m - High-ass potential 470-490 (v) - Distance between drum sleeves 0.7 questions - Corn cutting 0.6 questions, laser beam printer LPX-1 (Sanda Kogyo) 50,000 images were formed using a modified machine (manufactured by the company, product name). Image density was measured using a Densitometer PDA (Sakura ■, trade name), and 2.0 or more for black and 1.7 to 1.9 for cyan, magenta, and yellow were considered appropriate. In addition, image blurring and toner scattering were evaluated by visually observing enlarged photographs and the actual machine. Regarding blocking resistance,
In a vacuum oven at 60°C, put 20g of toner into a glass cylindrical cylinder with an inner diameter of 26.5g, and pour l on top of the toner.
A weight of OOg was placed on the cylinder and it was left for 30 minutes, after which the cylinder was removed and an evaluation was made to see if the toner would crumble or not. Regarding transparency, cyan toner has a light transmittance of 600 nm and a light transmittance of 490 nm.
The magenta toner was evaluated by the transmittance of 550 nm light and the transmittance of 440 nm light, and the yellow toner was evaluated by the transmittance of 400 nm light and the transmittance of 600 nm light.
実施例のトナーはいずれも５万枚を通じて、画像濃度も
高く，カプリやトナー飛散の発生もない。又、耐プロツ
キング性や透明性にも優れておりカラートナーとして非
常に有益なものであることがわかる。All of the toners in the examples had high image density and no capri or toner scattering occurred through 50,000 sheets. It also has excellent blocking resistance and transparency, making it extremely useful as a color toner.
一方、比較例のトナーは、画像形成初期においては良好
であるものの、５万枚まで進行すると画像力ブリやトナ
ー飛散が顕著になる．また、ブロッキングも起こりやす
く、透明性も低下することがわかる。On the other hand, although the toner of the comparative example is good at the initial stage of image formation, image blurring and toner scattering become noticeable after 50,000 sheets are printed. Furthermore, it can be seen that blocking is likely to occur and transparency is also reduced.
Claims (3)
酸含有炭化水素−Ｎ−アクリルアミド系単量体を主成分
とする重合体よりなる電荷制御剤と、着色剤とを含有し
てなることを特徴とするトナー。(1) Contains a binder whose main component is polyester, a charge control agent which is made of a polymer whose main component is a sulfonic acid-containing hydrocarbon-N-acrylamide monomer, and a colorant. A toner featuring:
：０．５乃至１００：１０の範囲を満たすことを特徴と
する請求項第１項記載のトナー。(2) The weight content ratio of the binder and charge control agent is 100.
2. The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner satisfies the range of :0.5 to 100:10.
わせて用いられることを特徴とするフルカラー用トナー
。(3) A full-color toner, wherein the toner according to claim 1 is used in combination with another toner.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1300835A JPH03161761A (en) | 1989-11-21 | 1989-11-21 | Toner |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1300835A JPH03161761A (en) | 1989-11-21 | 1989-11-21 | Toner |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03161761A true JPH03161761A (en) | 1991-07-11 |
Family
ID=17889686
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1300835A Pending JPH03161761A (en) | 1989-11-21 | 1989-11-21 | Toner |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03161761A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999052019A1 (en) * | 1998-03-31 | 1999-10-14 | Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd. | Toner for development of electrostatic charge image and method for producing the same |
| US6537715B2 (en) | 2000-07-28 | 2003-03-25 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Toner, image-forming method and process cartridge |
| US6953646B2 (en) | 2002-05-14 | 2005-10-11 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Toner particles including a sulfur-containing resin |
| WO2010010752A1 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2010-01-28 | キヤノン株式会社 | Toner |
-
1989
- 1989-11-21 JP JP1300835A patent/JPH03161761A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999052019A1 (en) * | 1998-03-31 | 1999-10-14 | Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd. | Toner for development of electrostatic charge image and method for producing the same |
| US6342328B1 (en) | 1998-03-31 | 2002-01-29 | Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd. | Toner for development of electrostatic charge image and method for producing the same |
| US6537715B2 (en) | 2000-07-28 | 2003-03-25 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Toner, image-forming method and process cartridge |
| US6953646B2 (en) | 2002-05-14 | 2005-10-11 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Toner particles including a sulfur-containing resin |
| WO2010010752A1 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2010-01-28 | キヤノン株式会社 | Toner |
| US8084174B2 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2011-12-27 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Toner |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JPH0812485B2 (en) | Toner for electrostatic image development | |
| JPH0519536A (en) | Combination of electrostatic charge developing color toner | |
| EP0430553B1 (en) | Toner for full colour development | |
| JPH09166889A (en) | Combination of color toner | |
| JPH04102862A (en) | Electrophotographic color toner | |
| JPH03276161A (en) | Yellow developer | |
| JPH03161761A (en) | Toner | |
| JP3332485B2 (en) | toner | |
| JPH07104505A (en) | Dry-type electrostatic copying toner particle | |
| US5306593A (en) | Suspension polymerized toner treated by starved feed monomer addition process | |
| JP2585743B2 (en) | Electrophotographic color toner and method for producing the same | |
| JP2003223018A (en) | Electrostatic charge image developing color toner | |
| JPH0490558A (en) | Production of color developer and color developer composition | |
| JP3539715B2 (en) | Negatively chargeable toner | |
| JPH03276163A (en) | Cyan developer | |
| JPH02124582A (en) | Positively chargeable dry developer | |
| JPH0296179A (en) | Electrophotographic yellow toner | |
| JPH043172A (en) | Magenta toner for developing electrostatic charge image and associated technique thereof | |
| JPH0980797A (en) | Electrophotographic toner | |
| KR101033800B1 (en) | Full-color toner for oilless fixing | |
| JPH03160460A (en) | Toner | |
| JPS63226665A (en) | Toner composition | |
| JPH02208662A (en) | Yellow toner | |
| JP2850012B2 (en) | Color toner | |
| JP3019090B2 (en) | Charge exchange control agent and developer composition |