JPH0273947A - Sintered metal product and its production - Google Patents
Sintered metal product and its productionInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0273947A JPH0273947A JP22470488A JP22470488A JPH0273947A JP H0273947 A JPH0273947 A JP H0273947A JP 22470488 A JP22470488 A JP 22470488A JP 22470488 A JP22470488 A JP 22470488A JP H0273947 A JPH0273947 A JP H0273947A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- sintered
- raw material
- compact
- bronze
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910020994 Sn-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910009069 Sn—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910017518 Cu Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017752 Cu-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017943 Cu—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper zinc Chemical compound [Cu].[Zn] TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910016347 CuSn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002535 CuZn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020816 Sn Pb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020922 Sn-Pb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008783 Sn—Pb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910009071 Sn—Zn—Bi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
「発明の目的」
本発明は焼結金属製品およびその製造法に係り、鉄を主
体としつつもその表面全体を、耐食性に優れ、かつ軸材
に対するなしみ性も良好なＣｕ−３ｎＺｎを主体とする
銅合金（砲金）で被覆した焼結金属製品およびその好ま
しい製造法を提供しようとするものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] "Object of the Invention" The present invention relates to a sintered metal product and a method for manufacturing the same, and although the product is mainly made of iron, the entire surface thereof has excellent corrosion resistance and good stain resistance to shaft materials. The present invention aims to provide a sintered metal product coated with a copper alloy (gunmetal) mainly composed of Cu-3nZn, and a preferable method for manufacturing the same.
（産業上の利用分野） 含油軸受その他の焼結金属製品およびその製造技術。(Industrial application field) Oil-impregnated bearings and other sintered metal products and their manufacturing technology.
（従来の技術）
含油軸受その他の焼結金属製品を得るためるこ鉄粉、銅
粉その他の金属粉を用い圧粉成形してから焼結して製品
とすることは従来から普通に実施されている。即ちこの
ような従来のものにおいては用いられた金属粉の如何に
より得られた製品の特性がほぼ決定される。つまり鉄粉
末を用いたものにあっては、鉄が水や空気中の水蒸気と
反応して一般的に言う赤錆を発生し耐食性が不十分であ
るという致命的欠陥を有している。また軸受材の観点か
らは軸材とのなじみ性に劣るという欠点もをる。しかし
、鉄は最も安価な金属であり、強度的に優れているとい
う長所が有る。これに対し銅を主体とした銅系焼結体で
は一般に鉄系の場合と反対であって、軸受材料としては
軸受特性、耐食性ともに最高に優れた材料であり、従来
から高級軸受材として多用されている。しかし反面主成
分が銅および錫から成るため高価とならざるを得ないと
いう欠点が有る。(Prior art) In order to obtain oil-impregnated bearings and other sintered metal products, it has been common practice to compact iron powder, copper powder, and other metal powders and then sinter them into products. There is. In other words, in such conventional products, the characteristics of the resulting product are substantially determined by the metal powder used. In other words, those using iron powder have a fatal flaw in that the iron reacts with water or water vapor in the air to generate what is commonly called red rust, resulting in insufficient corrosion resistance. In addition, from the viewpoint of bearing material, it also has the disadvantage of poor compatibility with the shaft material. However, iron is the cheapest metal and has the advantage of being superior in strength. On the other hand, copper-based sintered bodies, which mainly consist of copper, are generally the opposite of iron-based materials, and are a material with the best bearing properties and corrosion resistance, and have traditionally been widely used as high-grade bearing materials. ing. However, it has the disadvantage that it is expensive because its main components are copper and tin.
そこでこのような従来一般の鉄系製品および銅系製品の
欠点をカバーし、その長所を活用することについてもそ
れなりの提案がなされている。即ちその若干例を示すと
以下の如くである。Therefore, various proposals have been made to overcome the shortcomings of conventional iron-based products and copper-based products and utilize their advantages. That is, some examples are as follows.
■ 特公昭３８−２２１０３号
銅あるいは銅−錫混合圧粉体をＺｎ雰囲気中で焼結し亜
鉛を含有した銅系焼結合金を得るもの。(1) Special Publication No. 38-22103 A copper-based sintered alloy containing zinc is obtained by sintering copper or a copper-tin mixed green compact in a Zn atmosphere.
■ 特開昭５３−１４６２０３号（特公昭５６４１４０
号）
鉄粉を主体とし、これに３〜３０％の銅と適当な滑材を
混合したものを圧粉成形し雰囲気ガスを通過せしめ得る
容器内における酸化亜鉛粉末中に埋め、水素ガスまたは
還元性ガス中で焼結するもの。■ Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-146203 (Special Publication No. 564140
No.) A mixture of mainly iron powder and 3 to 30% copper and a suitable lubricant is compacted and buried in zinc oxide powder in a container through which atmospheric gas can pass, and hydrogen gas or reducing Items that sinter in a toxic gas.
■ 特開昭５６−１５６７０３号公報
銅を主体とし、これにＺｎまたはＳｎといった金属分を
含有させた銅系合金の粉末を鉄粉に添加混合したものを
圧粉成形し気化したＺｎガス雰囲気で焼結するもの。■ JP-A No. 56-156703 A powder of a copper-based alloy containing copper as a main ingredient and containing metals such as Zn or Sn is mixed with iron powder and then compacted in an atmosphere of vaporized Zn gas. Something to sinter.
■ 特開昭５６−５１５５４号公報
鉄、銅、亜鉛の金属粉体を混合し圧粉成形したものを戻
粉中で焼結するもの（出願時）、および鉄粉と銅−亜鉛
合金粒を焼結し所定の含油率を有するようにするもの（
昭和５５年８月６日補正後）
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
上記した■のものは銅または銅に若干の錫を含有したも
のをベースとしてＺｎを含有させるものであって、それ
なりに高強度であっても相当に高価とならざるを得ない
。■ Unexamined Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-51554 A method in which metal powders of iron, copper, and zinc are mixed and compacted and then sintered in return powder (at the time of filing), and a method in which iron powder and copper-zinc alloy particles are mixed and compacted and sintered in return powder. Sintered to have a specified oil content (
After amendment on August 6, 1980) (Problem to be solved by the invention) The above item (■) contains Zn based on copper or copper containing a small amount of tin. Even if it has high strength, it must be quite expensive.
これに対し■〜■のものは鉄粉を用いるものであるから
比較的安価に得ることができる長所は有るが、混入され
た鉄粉は銅合金に被覆されることが無いため表面に露出
せざるを得す、従って前述したように著しく耐食性に劣
ることとなる。On the other hand, products ■～■ use iron powder, so they have the advantage of being relatively inexpensive, but the iron powder mixed in is not covered with the copper alloy, so it is not exposed on the surface. Therefore, as mentioned above, the corrosion resistance is significantly inferior.
「発明の構成」
（課題を解決するための手段）
１、 Ｐｅ： ３０〜８０ｗｔ％； Ｃｕ： １５〜
６５ｗｔ％、３口：１〜１４ｗｔ％およびＰｂまたはＳ
ｂ、 Ｂｉの何れか１種または２種以上を０．５〜４ｗ
ｔ％含有した圧粉成形焼結体であって、該焼結体の表面
が最低厚さ５５−１Ｏ０ＩＩのＣｕ−Ｓｎ−Ｚｎを主体
とする合金層で被覆されたことを特徴とする焼結金属製
品。"Structure of the invention" (Means for solving the problem) 1. Pe: 30~80wt%; Cu: 15~
65wt%, 3 units: 1-14wt% and Pb or S
b, 0.5 to 4 w of one or more of Bi
t% of powder-formed sintered body, the surface of the sintered body is coated with an alloy layer mainly composed of Cu-Sn-Zn with a minimum thickness of 55-100II. metal products.
２、 鉄粉を主体とし、これに青銅粉を配合すると共に
Ｐｂ、 Ｓｂ、 Ｂｉの１種または２種以上を配合した
原料粉を圧粉成形し、該圧粉成形体を気化したＺｎが存
在する還元雰囲気中で焼結処理し、前記圧粉成形体の表
面にＣ１ｌ −Ｓｎ −Ｚｎを主体とした銅合金による
第２層を最低厚さ５〜１００μｍ被覆せしめることを特
徴とする焼結金属製品の製造法。2. Zn is produced by compacting a raw material powder consisting mainly of iron powder, blending bronze powder and blending one or more of Pb, Sb, and Bi, and vaporizing the compacted powder. A sintered metal characterized in that the surface of the powder compact is coated with a second layer of a copper alloy mainly composed of C1l-Sn-Zn to a minimum thickness of 5 to 100 μm. How the product is manufactured.
３、鉄粉を主体とし、これにＰｂ、、Ｓｂ、 Ｂｉの１
種または２種以上を含有した青銅粉を混合した原料粉を
準備し、該原料粉を圧粉成形し得られた成形体を気化し
たＺｎが存在する還元雰囲気中で焼結処理し、前記圧粉
成形体の表面にＣｕ−３ｎＺｎを主体とした銅合金によ
る第２層を最低厚さ５〜１００μｍ被覆せしめることを
特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の焼結金属製品
の製造法。3. Mainly iron powder, plus Pb, Sb, and Bi.
A raw material powder is prepared by mixing bronze powder containing one or more species, the raw material powder is compacted, and the resulting compact is sintered in a reducing atmosphere in which vaporized Zn is present. A method for manufacturing a sintered metal product according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the powder compact is coated with a second layer of a copper alloy mainly composed of Cu-3nZn to a minimum thickness of 5 to 100 μm. .
（作用）
鉄粉を主体とし、Ｆｅ：３０〜８０ｗｔ％の焼結金属製
品であるから充分な低コスト性が得られる。(Function) Since it is a sintered metal product mainly composed of iron powder and Fe: 30 to 80 wt%, sufficient low cost can be obtained.
Ｃｕ： ｌ ５〜６５ｗｔ％、Ｓｎ：１〜１４ｗｔ％と
Ｐｂなどの低融点金属０．５〜４ｗｔ％を含有し、その
表面に最低厚さ５〜１００．ｃ＋ｍのＣｕ−Ｓｎ −Ｚ
ｎ合金による被覆第２層を形成することにより、軸材な
どに対するなしのや耐食性を充分に向上する。It contains 5 to 65 wt% of Cu, 1 to 14 wt% of Sn, and 0.5 to 4 wt% of a low melting point metal such as Pb, and has a minimum thickness of 5 to 100. c+m Cu-Sn-Z
By forming the second coating layer of n-alloy, the corrosion resistance of the shaft material etc. can be sufficiently improved.
主体たる鉄粉が３０％未満では銅または錫が多くなるこ
とにより高価にならざるを得す、安価であるという所期
の目的を達成できない。しかもＦｅ粉末による骨格的強
度が得られず、またＦｅ分が８０％を趙えると銅合金成
分の量が不足するので、成程Ｐｂなどを用いて気体Ｚｎ
による還元性雰囲気で処理しても十分な被覆を得ること
ができない。If the main content of iron powder is less than 30%, the amount of copper or tin increases, making it expensive, and the intended purpose of being inexpensive cannot be achieved. Moreover, the skeletal strength cannot be obtained from Fe powder, and if the Fe content exceeds 80%, the amount of copper alloy components will be insufficient, so gaseous Zn
Even when treated in a reducing atmosphere, sufficient coverage cannot be obtained.
銅については１５％以下では効果が薄＜、一方６５％以
上では高価となる。As for copper, if it is less than 15%, the effect is weak, but if it is more than 65%, it becomes expensive.
錫も０．５％以下では効果が薄く、１４％を超えて添加
してもその効果は変わらないので上限を１４％とした。The effect of tin is also weak if it is less than 0.5%, and the effect remains unchanged even if it is added in excess of 14%, so the upper limit was set at 14%.
本発明の必須要件であるＰｂまたはＳｂ、 Ｂｉの添加
量については、１種または２種以上を０．５〜４％添加
するもので、０６５％以下では特にＦｅ分が７０〜８０
％のように多量な場合効果が乏しく、一方４％を超えて
添加すると表層の外観が黒ずんでくるので外観的に好ま
しくないものとなる。Regarding the addition amount of Pb, Sb, or Bi, which is an essential requirement of the present invention, one or more of them should be added in an amount of 0.5 to 4%.
If the amount is as large as 4%, the effect is poor, whereas if it is added in excess of 4%, the appearance of the surface layer becomes dark, resulting in an unfavorable appearance.
本発明では、これらの非鉄金属に亜鉛分を用い第２層の
合金層を形成して、はじめて本発明の効果が得られる。In the present invention, the effects of the present invention can only be obtained by forming a second alloy layer using zinc in these non-ferrous metals.
即ち亜鉛は気相状態で反応してＣｕＳｎ −Ｚｎを主体
とした銅合金を形成し外周面と被覆することにより優れ
た特性が得られる。That is, zinc reacts in a gas phase to form a copper alloy mainly composed of CuSn-Zn, and by coating the outer peripheral surface, excellent properties can be obtained.
焼結によって製品表面に被覆形成される合金層の膜厚に
ついでは圧粉体に混合された青銅粉量、Ｐｂなどの景お
よび焼結時間によって適宜に制御することができる。こ
の合金層膜厚が最低５μｍ以下では軸材とのなじみや耐
食性の改善が不充分となり、一方最低１００μｍ以上と
なると青銅粉や焼結時間が大となり、経済的不利をもた
らす。The thickness of the alloy layer formed on the product surface by sintering can be appropriately controlled by adjusting the amount of bronze powder mixed in the green compact, the amount of Pb, etc., and the sintering time. If the alloy layer thickness is at least 5 .mu.m or less, the compatibility with the shaft material and improvement in corrosion resistance will be insufficient, while if it is at least 100 .mu.m or more, bronze powder and sintering time will be required, resulting in an economic disadvantage.
（実施例）
上記したような本発明によるものの具体的実施態様を添
附図面を適宜に参照して説明すると、本発明による焼結
金属体として軸受の１例を示しているのが第１図であっ
て、顕微鏡観察のためのサンプルを適切に得るために軸
受１と軸２とを共に示しているが、本発明による軸受１
は鉄粉を主材とし、これに青銅粉と鉛粉とを配合した原
料粉を圧粉成形して焼結したものであるが、その内面、
即ち軸受面には厚さが少くとも８μｍ以上であるＣｕ
−Ｓｎ−Ｚｎを主体とする合金層３を均一に被覆形成し
ていて、このような合金層３に対し前記軸材２が摺動す
るように構成される。(Example) Specific embodiments of the present invention as described above will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings as appropriate. FIG. 1 shows an example of a bearing as a sintered metal body according to the present invention. Although bearing 1 and shaft 2 are shown together in order to properly obtain a sample for microscopic observation, bearing 1 according to the present invention
The main material is iron powder, which is mixed with bronze powder and lead powder, which is then compacted and sintered.
That is, the bearing surface is coated with Cu having a thickness of at least 8 μm.
An alloy layer 3 mainly composed of -Sn-Zn is uniformly coated, and the shaft member 2 is configured to slide on such an alloy layer 3.
上記のような本発明焼結金属体は、Ｆｅを主体として、
これに青銅と鉛などの低融点金属を配合した原料粉によ
る圧粉成形体であって、Ｆｅは３０〜８０４％、Ｃｕは
１５〜６５ｗｔ％、Ｓｎが１〜１４ｗｔ％、Ｐｂまたは
Ｓｂ、 Ｂｉの何れか１種または２種以上が０．５〜４
ｗｔ％の組成を有し、前記Ｃｕ −Ｓｎ−Ｚｎ合金によ
る被覆の厚さは５〜１００μｍである。The sintered metal body of the present invention as described above mainly contains Fe,
It is a powder compact made of raw material powder mixed with bronze and low melting point metals such as lead, Fe is 30 to 804%, Cu is 15 to 65 wt%, Sn is 1 to 14 wt%, Pb or Sb, Bi. Any one or two or more of the following is 0.5 to 4
wt%, and the thickness of the Cu-Sn-Zn alloy coating is 5 to 100 μm.
Ｃｕが１５ｗｔ％未満、Ｓｎが１ｗｔ％未満、Ｐｂなど
が０．５ｗｔ％未満ではＰｅが相対的に８０ｗｔ％を超
えるようなこととなり、Ｚｎ雰囲気での焼結時に適切な
Ｃｕ−Ｓｎ −Ｚｎを主体とする合金被覆を得ることが
できない。If Cu is less than 15 wt%, Sn is less than 1 wt%, and Pb is less than 0.5 wt%, Pe will relatively exceed 80 wt%. It is not possible to obtain a coating based on the alloy.
一方、Ｃｕが６５ｗｔ％以上、Ｓｎが８ｗｔ％以上、Ｐ
ｂなどが４ｗｔ％以上となると、相対的にＦｅが不足し
、低コスト性や強度に欠けることとなる。On the other hand, Cu is 65 wt% or more, Sn is 8 wt% or more, P
When b, etc. exceeds 4 wt%, there is a relative shortage of Fe, resulting in a lack of low cost and strength.
前記したような本発明焼結合金の製造は、鉄粉を主体と
し、これに青銅粉とＰｂなどの低融点金属粉を配合した
原料粉を圧粉成形し、これをＺｎ雰囲気中で焼結するが
、この焼結の様相については第２図に示す通りであって
、酸化亜鉛（ＺｎＯ）などの気化Ｚｎ発生源１１を収容
した容器１０内において適宜に支持台１３を用い、前記
気体Ｚｎ発生源１１より離隔した成形体収容部１２を設
定し、該収容部１２に成形体１５を収容し、蓋１４を施
して焼結する。The production of the sintered alloy of the present invention as described above involves compacting a raw material powder consisting mainly of iron powder, mixed with bronze powder and low melting point metal powder such as Pb, and sintering this in a Zn atmosphere. However, the aspect of this sintering is as shown in FIG. 2, and the gaseous Zn is A molded body housing part 12 is set apart from the generation source 11, and the molded body 15 is stored in the housing part 12, covered with a lid 14, and sintered.
即ち本発明者等はこのような焼結につい゛ζ種々の状況
を設定して焼結実験を繰返したが、成形体１５が気化Ｚ
ｎ発生源１１に接触した条件下においては仮りに接触部
が僅少であっても気化ＺｎがＦｅと優先的に反応し、前
記したような第２相被覆（ＣｕＺｎ合金）３の形成が殆
んど認められないようなこととなるのに対し、上記した
第２図のような特定の状態を形成することにより前記第
２相被ＰＲ３を有効に得しめることができる。That is, the inventors of the present invention repeated sintering experiments by setting various conditions for such sintering, but the molded body 15
Under the conditions of contact with the n generation source 11, even if the contact area is small, vaporized Zn preferentially reacts with Fe, and the formation of the second phase coating (CuZn alloy) 3 as described above is almost non-existent. However, by forming a specific state as shown in FIG. 2, the second phase PR3 can be effectively obtained.
本発明においては、Ｐｂ、 Ｓｂ、 Ｂｉがあり、これ
らの１種以上を用いるが、最も好ましいものとしてはＰ
ｂであり、それによって前記第２相被覆３を有効に得し
める。このＰｂは場合によっては鉛−青銅合金（Ｃｕ
−Ｓｎ−Ｐｂ）としても同様な効果を得ることができ、
別に添加した方が好ましい場合もある。In the present invention, there are Pb, Sb, and Bi, and one or more of these are used, but the most preferable one is Pb, Sb, and Bi.
b, thereby effectively obtaining the second phase coating 3. This Pb may be a lead-bronze alloy (Cu
-Sn-Pb), similar effects can be obtained,
It may be preferable to add it separately.
酸化鉛を用いることもできるが効果において若干劣るこ
とになる。Lead oxide can also be used, but the effect will be slightly inferior.
Ｚｎは雰囲気ガスとして成形体に吸収させることが必要
であり、Ｃｕ −Ｚｎ合金（黄銅）やＣｕ−Ｚｎ−Ｐｂ
（鉛含有黄銅）の如きとしてＺｎを成形体に含有させる
ことは好ましくない。Zn needs to be absorbed into the molded body as an atmospheric gas, and is
(lead-containing brass), it is not preferable to include Zn in the molded article.
具体的製品の１例として、６５％Ｆｅ、３３％青銅（Ｓ
ｎ ： １０％）、２％Ｐｂの配合になる原料粉を圧粉
成形し、第２図に示したような収容部１２上に該圧粉体
をセットし、８７０℃で焼結処理し得られた若干の製品
についての特性ないし組成ば次の第１表に示す如くであ
って、全表面に厚さが１２〜１８μｍのＣｕ−Ｚｎ層が
略完全な連続被覆状態で形成されたものである。As an example of a specific product, 65% Fe, 33% bronze (S
A raw material powder having a composition of Pb (n: 10%) and 2% Pb was compacted, the compact was set on the housing part 12 as shown in FIG. 2, and sintered at 870°C. The properties and compositions of some of the products were as shown in Table 1 below, and the Cu-Zn layer with a thickness of 12 to 18 μm was formed on the entire surface in an almost completely continuous coating state. be.
第 １ 表
又このものと、別に比較材として準備された前記特開昭
５６−５１５５４の方法に従い、Ｆｅ、 ＣｕＳｎ、
Ｐｂ、 Ｚｎを前記第１表に準じた値としたものおよび
従来技術で最高とされる９％Ｓｎ青銅について、それら
の摩擦係数を測定した結果を要約して示しているのが第
３図であって、本発明によるものが略同−の成分組成で
あっても、この摩擦係数において常に相当優れたものと
なることは明かである。Table 1 In addition to this, Fe, CuSn,
Figure 3 summarizes the results of measuring the friction coefficients for Pb and Zn with values according to Table 1 above and for 9% Sn bronze, which is the highest in the prior art. It is clear that even if the composition according to the present invention has substantially the same composition, the friction coefficient will always be considerably superior.
更にこの第１表および第３図に示したものとは別に本発
明者等はＳｎ ： ５．５％の青銅を用い、次の第２表
に示すような多様な配合の原料粉を用いて圧粉成形し、
同様に第２図のようにして得られるＺｎ雰囲気で８４０
℃により焼結した。得られた製品の気孔率、圧環強度、
硬度、耐食性などの特性は併せて第２表に示す如くであ
って、合金層最低厚みは７〜３０μｍのものである。Furthermore, in addition to what is shown in Table 1 and FIG. Powder molding,
Similarly, in the Zn atmosphere obtained as shown in Figure 2, 840
Sintered at ℃. The porosity, radial crushing strength, and
Properties such as hardness and corrosion resistance are shown in Table 2, and the minimum thickness of the alloy layer is 7 to 30 μm.
又本発明者等はＳｎ：１９．５％の青銅粉を用い、次の
第３表に示すような配合の原料粉を用いて圧粉成形し、
同様に第２図のようにして得られるＺｎ雰囲気で８４０
℃により焼結した。得られた製品の気孔率、圧環強度、
硬度、耐食性などの特性は併せて第３表に示す如くであ
る。In addition, the present inventors used bronze powder with Sn: 19.5% and compacted it using raw material powder with the composition shown in Table 3 below,
Similarly, in the Zn atmosphere obtained as shown in Figure 2, 840
Sintered at ℃. The porosity, radial crushing strength, and
Properties such as hardness and corrosion resistance are also shown in Table 3.
即ちこの場合においては合金層最低限が■〜■において
７０〜９３μｍにも達しており、このものは軸材とのな
じみや耐食性において著しく優れたものであった。That is, in this case, the minimum alloy layer thickness reached 70 to 93 μm in ① to ②, and this was extremely excellent in terms of compatibility with the shaft material and corrosion resistance.
上記したところは鉛粉末青銅粉とは別に用いた場合であ
るが、本発明者はこれらの別に鉛含有前銅粉（Ｓｎ ：
１０％、Ｐｂ：５％）を用いた原料粉を圧粉成形し、
同様に第２図のようにして得られるＺｎ雰囲気で８４０
℃により焼結した。得られた製品の気孔率、圧環強度、
硬度、耐食性などの特性は併せて第４表に示す如くであ
る。The above is a case where lead powder is used separately from bronze powder, but the present inventor has also used lead-containing pre-copper powder (Sn:
Pb: 10%, Pb: 5%) was powder compacted,
Similarly, in the Zn atmosphere obtained as shown in Figure 2, 840
Sintered at ℃. The porosity, radial crushing strength, and
Properties such as hardness and corrosion resistance are also shown in Table 4.
即ちこの鉛含有青銅を用いた場合においても合金層厚お
よびその他の特性において鉛粉と青銅粉を各別に準備混
合した場合と同様の結果が得られることを確認した。That is, it was confirmed that even when this lead-containing bronze was used, the same results could be obtained in terms of alloy layer thickness and other properties as when lead powder and bronze powder were prepared and mixed separately.
なお本発明者等は上記のようなＰｂに代えてｓｂ、Ｂｉ
を用いることについても検討したが、特性においては前
記したＰｂを用いた場合に準するものであった。即ち例
えば６５％Ｆｅ−３３％青銅−２％旧の配合によるもの
を８４０℃で焼結処理したものはその全表面に略−様な
１１〜１６μｍのＣｕ−３ｎＺｎ層が被覆形成され、そ
の特性は次の第５表の如くであって、前記した第１表に
準じたものであることが理解され、その他の場合も前記
したところと同様である。又ｓｂの場合もこの第５表と
同様であった。In addition, the present inventors used sb, Bi instead of Pb as mentioned above.
The use of Pb was also considered, but the characteristics were similar to those using Pb described above. That is, for example, when a product with a composition of 65% Fe-33% bronze-2% old is sintered at 840°C, a Cu-3nZn layer of approximately 11 to 16 μm in thickness is formed on the entire surface, and its characteristics are is as shown in Table 5 below, which is understood to be similar to Table 1 above, and the other cases are the same as above. The results for sb were also similar to those in Table 5.
第５表
「発明の効果」
以上説明したような本発明によるときは鉄粉を実質的に
主体とした焼結金属製品においてその表面にＣｕ−３ｎ
Ｚｎ ＰｂまたはＣｕ −Ｓｎ−Ｚｎ −Ｂｉや
ＣｕＳｎ −Ｚｎ −Ｓｂのような特殊の合金層被覆を
均一に形成せしめ、軸受とした場合における軸材とのな
じみや摩擦係数が良好で、特異の美観を備え、又耐食性
に優れた各種製品を的確に提供せしめ、製造操作も配合
された原料粉を圧粉成形し焼結するという華なる焼結工
程で足りるので比較的低コストであるなどの効果を共に
有しており、工業的にその効果の大きい発明である。Table 5 "Effects of the Invention" According to the present invention as explained above, Cu-3n is added to the surface of a sintered metal product that is essentially made of iron powder.
A special alloy layer coating such as ZnPb or Cu-Sn-Zn-Bi or CuSn-Zn-Sb is uniformly formed, and when used as a bearing, it has good compatibility with the shaft material and friction coefficient, and has a unique aesthetic appearance. In addition, we can accurately provide various products with excellent corrosion resistance, and the manufacturing process is relatively low cost because the simple sintering process of compacting and sintering the blended raw material powder is sufficient. This is an invention with great industrial effects.
図面は本発明の技術的内容を示すものであって、第１図
は本発明による製品の１例について軸材と共にｒｊｆ４
ｍ鏡的組織を示した説明図、第２図は焼結処理状態につ
いての断面的説明図、第３図は本発明によるＦｅ〜３３
％青銅−２％Ｐｂ −（Ｚｎ）材と従来の比較材として
のＦｅ −Ｃｕ −Ｚｎ系圧粉成形焼結体および従来最
高とされる９％Ｓｎ青銅体についてのＰＶ値と摩擦係数
の関係を求めた結果の図表である。
然してこれらの図面中第１．２図において、１は軸受、
２は軸、３はＣｕ −Ｓｎ −Ｚｎを主体とする合金、
４は遊隙、ＩＯは容器、１１は気体Ｚｎ発生源、１２は
成形体収容部、１３は支持台、１４は蓋、Ｉ５は成形体
であり、又第３図においてオーブンの測定点は本発明材
、ソリッドの測定点は比較材の場合を示すものである。
手習Ｅネ甫正書
（自発）
昭和６３年１０月４１」The drawings show the technical contents of the present invention, and FIG. 1 shows an example of a product according to the present invention, including an RJF4
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory drawing of the sintering process state, Fig. 3 is an explanatory drawing showing the mirror structure of Fe~33 according to the present invention.
Relationship between PV value and friction coefficient for %Bronze-2%Pb-(Zn) material, Fe-Cu-Zn based compacted sintered body as a conventional comparison material, and 9%Sn bronze body, which is considered the highest conventional material This is a chart showing the results obtained. However, in Figures 1 and 2 of these drawings, 1 is a bearing;
2 is a shaft, 3 is an alloy mainly composed of Cu-Sn-Zn,
4 is a play gap, IO is a container, 11 is a gaseous Zn generation source, 12 is a molded body housing part, 13 is a support stand, 14 is a lid, I5 is a molded body, and in FIG. 3, the measuring point of the oven is the main The measurement points for the invention material and solid are those for the comparative material. Handbook E Neho Seisho (Volunteer) October 41, 1986”
Claims (1)
、Ｓｎ：１〜１４ｗｔ％およびＰｂまたはＳｂ、Ｂｉの
何れか１種または２種以上を０．５〜４ｗｔ％含有した
圧粉成形焼結体であって、該焼結体の表面が最低厚さ５
〜１００μｍのＣｕ−Ｓｎ−Ｚｎを主体とする合金層で
被覆されたことを特徴とする焼結金属製品。 ２、鉄粉を主体とし、これに青銅粉を配合すると共にＰ
ｂ、Ｓｂ、Ｂｉの１種または２種以上を配合した原料粉
を圧粉成形し、該圧粉成形体を気化したＺｎが存在する
還元雰囲気中で焼結処理し、前記圧粉成形体の表面にＣ
ｕ−Ｓｎ−Ｚｎを主体とした銅合金による第２層を最低
厚さ５〜１００μｍ被覆せしめることを特徴とする焼結
金属製品の製造法。 ３、鉄粉を主体とし、これにＰｂ、Ｓｂ、Ｂｉの１種ま
たは２種以上を含有した青銅粉を混合した原料粉を準備
し、該原料粉を圧粉成形し得られた成形体を気化したＺ
ｎが存在する還元雰囲気中で焼結処理し、前記圧粉成形
体の表面にＣｕ−Ｓｎ−Ｚｎを主体とした銅合金による
第２層を最低厚さ５〜１００μｍ被覆せしめることを特
徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の焼結金属製品の
製造法。[Claims] 1. Fe: 30 to 80 wt%, Cu: 15 to 65 wt%
, Sn: 1 to 14 wt% and 0.5 to 4 wt% of one or more of Pb, Sb, and Bi, the surface of the sintered body having a minimum thickness. Sa5
A sintered metal product characterized by being coated with an alloy layer mainly composed of Cu-Sn-Zn with a thickness of ~100 μm. 2. Mainly iron powder, mixed with bronze powder and P
A raw material powder containing one or more of B, Sb, and Bi is compacted, and the compact is sintered in a reducing atmosphere in which vaporized Zn is present. C on the surface
1. A method for manufacturing a sintered metal product, which comprises coating a second layer of a copper alloy mainly composed of u-Sn-Zn with a minimum thickness of 5 to 100 μm. 3. Prepare a raw material powder consisting mainly of iron powder mixed with bronze powder containing one or more of Pb, Sb, and Bi, and compact the raw material powder to form a molded body. Vaporized Z
The powder compact is sintered in a reducing atmosphere in which n is present, and the surface of the powder compact is coated with a second layer of a copper alloy mainly composed of Cu-Sn-Zn to a minimum thickness of 5 to 100 μm. A method for manufacturing a sintered metal product according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22470488A JPH086156B2 (en) | 1988-09-09 | 1988-09-09 | Sintered metal product and manufacturing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22470488A JPH086156B2 (en) | 1988-09-09 | 1988-09-09 | Sintered metal product and manufacturing method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0273947A true JPH0273947A (en) | 1990-03-13 |
| JPH086156B2 JPH086156B2 (en) | 1996-01-24 |
Family
ID=16817938
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22470488A Expired - Lifetime JPH086156B2 (en) | 1988-09-09 | 1988-09-09 | Sintered metal product and manufacturing method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH086156B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6348114B1 (en) * | 1996-03-14 | 2002-02-19 | Taiho Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Copper alloy and sliding bearing having improved seizure resistance |
-
1988
- 1988-09-09 JP JP22470488A patent/JPH086156B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6348114B1 (en) * | 1996-03-14 | 2002-02-19 | Taiho Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Copper alloy and sliding bearing having improved seizure resistance |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH086156B2 (en) | 1996-01-24 |
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