JPH02140589A - Hot blast temperature control device for grain drier - Google Patents
Hot blast temperature control device for grain drierInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02140589A JPH02140589A JP29334088A JP29334088A JPH02140589A JP H02140589 A JPH02140589 A JP H02140589A JP 29334088 A JP29334088 A JP 29334088A JP 29334088 A JP29334088 A JP 29334088A JP H02140589 A JPH02140589 A JP H02140589A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- grain
- hot air
- grains
- drying
- moisture content
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 95
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000209219 Hordeum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000540 fraction c Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野コ
この発明は、穀物乾燥機の熱風温度制御装置に係り、常
に一定以下の乾減率で穀物を乾燥させ得て、特に穀物量
が少量の場合であっても、穀物の胴割れ等を防止し得る
熱風温度制御装置に関する。Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Field of Application] This invention relates to a hot air temperature control device for a grain dryer, which can dry grain at a constant drying loss rate of less than a certain level, and is particularly suitable for drying grains with a small amount of grain. The present invention relates to a hot air temperature control device that can prevent grain shell cracking, etc. even when
［従来の技術］
従来の穀物乾燥機の熱風温度制御装置としては、例えば
特公昭５９−２９７９４号公報に開示の如く、穀物に浴
びせる熱風の設定温度と検出温度とを比較し、その差に
応じてバーナへの送油量を増減させて熱風温度を制御す
るものが知られている。[Prior Art] A conventional hot air temperature control device for a grain dryer, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-29794, compares a set temperature of hot air to be applied to grains with a detected temperature, and adjusts the temperature according to the difference. It is known that the hot air temperature is controlled by increasing or decreasing the amount of oil sent to the burner.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
ところで、この熱凰温度御装置にあっては、バーナへの
送油量の増減を穀物量に関係なく一定幅で行っているた
め、穀物に水分ムラが多いと、乾燥中に熱風温度が不要
に上下動し、乾減率を一定に維持することが難しく、特
に乾燥する穀物量が少量の場合に、穀物が高温の熱風を
ｍＵる時間が相対的に長くなって、過乾燥あるいは吸湿
による胴割れが発生するという不都合があった。[Problem to be solved by the invention] By the way, in this heating temperature control device, the amount of oil sent to the burner is increased or decreased within a fixed range regardless of the amount of grain, so there is often uneven moisture in the grain. During drying, the temperature of the hot air fluctuates unnecessarily, making it difficult to maintain a constant drying loss rate. Especially when the amount of grain to be dried is small, the amount of time the grain spends in the high-temperature hot air becomes relatively short. As the length increases, there is an inconvenience that the shell may crack due to overdrying or moisture absorption.
即ち、一般的に穀物乾燥機における乾減率αと熱風温度
Ｔｃ及び穀物量Ｗ（Ａ：満量、Ｂ：中量、Ｃ：少量＝端
数）との関係は、第６図に示すようになり、熱風温度Ｔ
ｃを一定幅ΔＴｃ変更した場合、転減、率αの増減幅（
Δα１〜Δα３）は穀物量Ｗによって異なる。したがっ
て、穀物量Ｗに関係なく熱風温度Ｔｃを一定幅ΔＴｃ＝
Δｔ１変更すると、穀物量Ｗが端数Ｃの場合の乾減率α
の増減幅Δα３は、Ｗが満量Ａの場合の約２倍となって
、０．２〜０．３％／時間（ｈ）ぐらい乾減率αが変化
することになり、特に水分ムラが多く熱風温度が上下動
する場合において、乾減率αを一定以下に抑えることが
極めて困難となる。That is, in general, the relationship between the drying rate α, the hot air temperature Tc, and the grain amount W (A: full amount, B: medium amount, C: small amount = fraction) in a grain dryer is as shown in Figure 6. The hot air temperature T
When c is changed by a constant width ΔTc, the range of increase/decrease in rotation/decrease rate α (
Δα1 to Δα3) differ depending on the grain amount W. Therefore, regardless of the grain amount W, the hot air temperature Tc is set to a constant width ΔTc=
If Δt1 is changed, the drying rate α when the grain amount W is a fraction C
The increase/decrease width Δα3 is about twice that when W is full A, and the drying loss rate α changes by about 0.2 to 0.3%/hour (h), which is particularly important for moisture unevenness. When the hot air temperature fluctuates up and down a lot, it becomes extremely difficult to keep the drying loss rate α below a certain level.
また、熱風温度の変更幅を穀物量Ｗの端数Ｃに合わせ、
所定の乾減率αの増減幅になるように制御する方法も考
えられるが、この方法にあっては、穀物ｍｗが満量Ａの
場合に、乾減率αの増減幅が少なすぎて、乾減率αの補
正に時間がかかり、乾燥時間を長びかすという不都合が
あった。Also, adjust the range of change in hot air temperature to the fraction C of grain amount W,
A method of controlling the drying loss rate α to a predetermined increase/decrease range may also be considered, but in this method, when the grain mw is the full amount A, the increase/decrease range of the drying loss rate α is too small. There was an inconvenience that it took time to correct the drying loss rate α, prolonging the drying time.
そこで、この発明の目的は上述の不都合を除去し、常に
一定以下の乾減率で穀物を乾燥させ得て、特に穀物量が
少量の場合でも、胴割れが生じることがなく、かつ満量
の場合でも乾燥時間を長びかすことのない穀物乾燥機の
熱風温度制御装置を実現するにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages, to be able to dry grain at a constant drying loss rate below a certain level, to avoid shell cracking even when the amount of grain is small, and to maintain a full amount of grain. To realize a hot air temperature control device for a grain dryer that does not prolong drying time even in the case of drying.
［課題を解決するための手段］
この目的を達成するためにこの発明は、穀物に所定温度
の熱風を浴びせる乾燥室と穀物を非通風−下にてテンパ
リングする貯留室とを有し、前記両室に穀物を循環させ
て乾燥する穀物乾燥機において、穀物の水分値を測定す
るとともに、この測定した水分値データに基づいて乾減
率を算出する手段と、この乾減率が所定の曲線に沿うべ
く、穀物量に応じて予め設定した複数の変更幅で前記熱
風の所定温度を変更する手段と、この変更した熱風の所
定温度を所定時間保持する手段とを具備することを特徴
とする。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve this object, the present invention has a drying chamber in which grains are exposed to hot air at a predetermined temperature and a storage chamber in which grains are tempered in a non-ventilated environment. In a grain dryer that circulates grain in a chamber for drying, there is a means for measuring the moisture value of the grain and calculating a drying loss rate based on the measured moisture value data, and a means for calculating a drying loss rate based on the measured moisture value data, and a means for calculating a drying loss rate based on the measured moisture value data, and a means for calculating a drying loss rate based on the measured moisture value data. In order to meet the above requirements, the method is characterized by comprising means for changing the predetermined temperature of the hot air by a plurality of change ranges preset according to the amount of grain, and means for maintaining the changed predetermined temperature of the hot air for a predetermined period of time.
［作 用］
上述の如く構成したことにより、測定した穀物の水分値
データから乾減率を算出し、この乾減率が常に一定以下
になるように、熱風温度を変更させる。その際、例えば
穀物の張り込みｆｌ（穀物量）が少ない場合には変更幅
を小さく、張り込み量が多い場合には変更幅を大きくす
る等、穀物量に応じて変更幅を変化させるとともに、−
旦変更した熱風の所定温度を所定時間保持するため、水
分ムラによる不要な熱風温度の上下動を避けることがで
きて、乾減率を常に一定以下に維持し、少量の穀物でも
胴割れを防止し得るとともに、満量の場合でも乾燥時間
を長びかせることなく乾燥し得る。[Function] With the above-described configuration, the drying rate is calculated from the measured grain moisture value data, and the hot air temperature is changed so that the drying rate is always below a certain level. At that time, the change width is changed according to the amount of grain, for example, when the grain tension fl (grain amount) is small, the change width is small, and when the grain tension amount is large, the change width is increased.
Since the predetermined temperature of the hot air is maintained for a predetermined period of time, it is possible to avoid unnecessary fluctuations in the hot air temperature due to uneven moisture content, and the drying rate is always maintained below a certain level, preventing shell cracking even with a small amount of grain. In addition, even when the amount is full, drying can be performed without prolonging the drying time.
［実施例］
次に、この発明の一実施例を図面に基づいて詳細に説明
する。第１〜３図においてこの発明を実施した穀物乾燥
機の構成を説明する。[Example] Next, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. The structure of a grain dryer embodying the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
まず、第１．２図において、穀物乾燥機１は、乾燥部２
と貯留部３と集穀部４とを有し、揚穀機５で積上された
穀物は、図示しない上部搬送手段により搬送されて貯留
部３内に均分落下され、乾燥部２で乾燥された後、集穀
部４下部に集められ、図示しない下部搬送手段により揚
穀機５下部まで移送されて再び貯留部３まで揚上される
という循環を繰り返しつつ乾燥される。６は揚穀機５上
部から穀物を機外に排出するときに使用する排出管であ
る。First, in Fig. 1.2, the grain dryer 1 has a drying section 2.
The grain stacked by the grain lifting machine 5 is transported by an upper conveying means (not shown), is evenly dropped into the storage part 3, and is dried in the drying part 2. After that, the grains are collected at the lower part of the grain collection section 4, transferred to the lower part of the grain lifting machine 5 by a lower conveyance means (not shown), and lifted up again to the storage section 3, and are dried while repeating the cycle. Reference numeral 6 denotes a discharge pipe used to discharge grain from the upper part of the grain lifting machine 5 to the outside of the machine.
この循環を行うべく、揚穀機５と上・下部搬送手段とを
駆動する搬送機モータ７と、繰り出しバルブ（図示せず
）を駆動する循環モータ８とを設け、この搬送機モータ
７と循環モータ８は、後述する穀物種、穀物量により回
転速度が変化する。In order to perform this circulation, a conveyor motor 7 that drives the grain lifting machine 5 and the upper and lower conveying means, and a circulation motor 8 that drives a feeding valve (not shown) are provided. The rotation speed of the motor 8 changes depending on the type of grain and the amount of grain, which will be described later.
また、穀物中の夾雑物を排出する排塵機モータ９を揚穀
機５上部に設ける。Further, a dust ejector motor 9 for discharging impurities in the grain is provided on the upper part of the grain lifting machine 5.
前記乾燥部２には、穀物を熱風により乾燥させる熱風発
生装置を設ける。即ち、乾燥部２の前面には高温の空気
を発生するバーナ１ｏを設けるとともに、背面側には排
風機モータ１１の回転により高温の空気を吸引し、機外
に排出する排風機１２を設ける。これにより、乾燥部２
に熱風を貫流させ穀物を乾燥する。このバーナ１ｏの前
面には、制御盤１３を設け、また、揚穀機５の前面には
、穀物を乾燥機ｌ内に張り込むときに使用するホッパー
１４及び張込まれた穀物の水分値を一粒もしくは複数校
ずつ採取して検知する水分計１５とを設ける。The drying section 2 is provided with a hot air generator for drying grains with hot air. That is, a burner 1o that generates high-temperature air is provided on the front side of the drying section 2, and an exhaust fan 12 is installed on the back side to draw in high-temperature air by rotating an exhaust fan motor 11 and discharge it to the outside of the machine. As a result, the drying section 2
The grains are dried by passing hot air through them. A control panel 13 is provided on the front of the burner 1o, and a hopper 14 used for loading grain into the dryer 1 and a moisture value of the loaded grain are installed on the front of the grain lifting machine 5. A moisture meter 15 for collecting and detecting one grain or a plurality of grains at a time is provided.
第３図は、制御装置の要部たる制御回路のブロック図で
ある。図において、１６〜１８は各種センサ＼群で、１
６は外気温度センサ、１７は熱風温度センサ、１８は穀
温センサ、１９〜２１は乾燥条件設定スイッチ群で、１
９は停止水分設定スイッチ、２０は穀物種設定スイッチ
、２１は穀物量設定スイッチ、２２〜２５は操作スイッ
チ群で、２２は張込スイッチ、２３は乾燥運転スイッチ
、２４は排出スイッチ、２５は停止スイッチである。FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a control circuit that is a main part of the control device. In the figure, 16 to 18 are various sensor groups, 1
6 is an outside air temperature sensor, 17 is a hot air temperature sensor, 18 is a grain temperature sensor, 19 to 21 are a group of drying condition setting switches;
9 is a stop moisture setting switch, 20 is a grain type setting switch, 21 is a grain amount setting switch, 22 to 25 are a group of operation switches, 22 is a loading switch, 23 is a drying operation switch, 24 is a discharge switch, and 25 is a stop switch. It's a switch.
また、２６は各種安全スイッチ群、２７は乾燥モードを
切換えるモード切換スイッチ、２８はＡ／Ｄ変換回路、
２９はエンコーダ、３０はＣＰＵ （中央演算処理装置
）である。このＣＰＵ３０は、ＲＯＭ（リードオンリー
メモリ）、ＲＡＭ（ランダム・アクセスメモリ）等を中
心としたマイクロ・コンピュータで構成され、後述の如
く穀物乾燥機１の各種運転を制御する。Further, 26 is a group of various safety switches, 27 is a mode changeover switch for changing the drying mode, 28 is an A/D conversion circuit,
29 is an encoder, and 30 is a CPU (central processing unit). The CPU 30 is composed of a microcomputer mainly including a ROM (read-only memory), a RAM (random access memory), etc., and controls various operations of the grain dryer 1 as described later.
さらに、３１は穀物乾燥機１の故障箇所を表示するモニ
ター表示器、３２は数字表示器で前記水分計１５で測定
した水分値と熱風温度センサ１７で検出した熱風温度と
を交互にデジタル表示する。３３は各種警報を発生する
ブザー、３４はバーナ駆動回路、３５はモータ駆動回路
で、前記ＣＰＵ３０の出力する制御信号に従って夫々の
負荷を駆動する。即ち、バーナ駆動回路３４は、点火ヒ
ータ３６、点火バルブ３７、電磁ポンプ３８、バーナ用
ファンモータ３９を駆動制御し、また、モータ駆動回路
３５は、前記搬送機モータ７、循環モータ８、排塵機モ
ータ９、排風機モータ１１及び水分計モータ４０を駆動
制御する。Further, numeral 31 is a monitor display for displaying the malfunction location of the grain dryer 1, and numeral 32 is a numerical display that alternately digitally displays the moisture value measured by the moisture meter 15 and the hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor 17. . 33 is a buzzer that generates various alarms, 34 is a burner drive circuit, and 35 is a motor drive circuit, each of which drives each load according to a control signal output from the CPU 30. That is, the burner drive circuit 34 drives and controls the ignition heater 36, the ignition valve 37, the electromagnetic pump 38, and the burner fan motor 39, and the motor drive circuit 35 drives and controls the conveyor motor 7, circulation motor 8, and dust exhaust. It drives and controls the machine motor 9, the exhaust fan motor 11, and the moisture meter motor 40.
次に、この発明に係る制御装置の動作の一例を第４図の
フローチャートに基づき説明する。Next, an example of the operation of the control device according to the present invention will be explained based on the flowchart of FIG. 4.
まず、穀物乾燥機１の電源をＯＮ （５０） Ｌ／、前
記穀物種設定スイッチ２０により、乾燥する穀物の品種
Ｋ（籾、麦、ビール麦等）を設定（５１）するとともに
、前記穀物量設定スイッチ２１により穀物ｆｉＷを設定
（５２）する。First, turn on the power to the grain dryer 1 (50) L/, set the grain type K (paddy, barley, beer barley, etc.) to be dried using the grain type setting switch 20 (51), and set the grain amount. Grain fiW is set using the setting switch 21 (52).
そして、乾燥運転スイッチ２３をオン（５３）すると、
ＣＰＵ３０は、前記ステップ（５２）で設定した穀物１
ｉＷに応じ、予め定めた、設定熱風温度Ｔｓの変更幅Δ
ｔｘを記憶（５４）する。この設定熱風温度Ｔｓの変更
幅Δｔｘは、例えば、Ｗが２以下の場合は、熱風温度を
一回当り２度Ｃ上下させ得る周波数ｆ１であり、Ｗが３
〜４の場合は、−回当り３度Ｃ上下させ得る周波数ｆ２
であり、Ｗが５以上の場合は、−回当り４度Ｃ上下させ
得る周波数ｆ３である。なお、この穀物量Ｗを表わす数
字１〜５は穀物乾燥機ｌに付された数字で、例えば数字
２は１０〜１４石の穀物量に相当する。Then, when the drying operation switch 23 is turned on (53),
The CPU 30 selects the grain 1 set in step (52) above.
A predetermined change width Δ of the set hot air temperature Ts according to iW
tx is stored (54). For example, when W is 2 or less, the change width Δtx of the set hot air temperature Ts is a frequency f1 that can raise or lower the hot air temperature by 2 degrees C per time, and W is 3
In the case of ~4, the frequency f2 can be raised or lowered by 3 degrees C per -
When W is 5 or more, the frequency f3 can be raised or lowered by 4 degrees C per -times. Note that the numbers 1 to 5 representing the grain amount W are numbers attached to the grain dryer 1, and for example, the number 2 corresponds to a grain amount of 10 to 14 koku.
次に、ＣＰＵ３０は、モータ駆動回路３５及びバーナ駆
動回路３４に制御信号を出力し、各モータを駆動させる
とともに、バーナ１０を点火（５５）する。Next, the CPU 30 outputs control signals to the motor drive circuit 35 and the burner drive circuit 34 to drive each motor and ignite the burner 10 (55).
そして、水分計１５が作動して乾燥機１内の穀物を一粒
ずつ、例えば２００個採取してその水分値を測定（５６
） シ、この測定した２００個の水分値データに基うき
次のようなデータ処理（５７）を行う。即ち、２００個
のデータから平均水分値Ｍμと最大値と最小値を求め、
この最大値と最小値の区間を、例えば０．５％毎に分け
て複数の区間を設定して、各区間の度数（データ数）を
求めるとともに、各区間の度数を最高値側からチエツク
し、その度数が所定数以上、例えば５個以上になる最初
の区間の水分値Ｍｌを求める。なお、この区間水分値Ｍ
ｌとしては、その区間の中央値が好ましいが、区間の幅
が小さい場合は、区間の最小値あるいは最大値を用いて
もよい。Then, the moisture meter 15 operates, and the grains in the dryer 1 are collected one by one, for example, 200 grains, and the moisture value is measured (56 grains).
) Based on the 200 measured moisture value data, the following data processing (57) is performed. That is, find the average moisture value Mμ, maximum value, and minimum value from 200 data,
Divide this maximum and minimum value interval into multiple intervals, for example, by 0.5%, calculate the frequency (number of data) of each interval, and check the frequency of each interval from the highest value side. , the moisture value Ml of the first section in which the frequency is greater than or equal to a predetermined number, for example, five or more, is determined. In addition, this section moisture value M
As l, the median value of the interval is preferable, but if the width of the interval is small, the minimum value or maximum value of the interval may be used.
区間水分値Ｍｌが求まると、ＣＰ Ｕ３０は、この区間
水分値Ｍｌ、既に設定しである穀物種■く及び穀物ＩＷ
、前記外気温度センサ１６で検出した外気温度等の各デ
ータを読み込み（５８） 、平均水分値Ｍμが停止水分
値Ｍｔ以下か否かを判断（５９）する。この判断（５９
）でＮＯの場合は、所定の演算式に基づいて設定熱風温
度Ｔｓを算出（６０）するとともに、穀物量Ｗ、平均水
分値Ｍμ等に基づき、穀物の一循環時間Ｔ１が３０分か
ら６０分となるように前記循環モータ８等の回転を制御
（６１） Ｌ／、前記ステップ（５７）で算出した平均
水分値Ｍμに基づき、乾減率α（測定乾減率）が一定態
内、例えば理想的な乾減率曲線に対して、±０．１〜士
帆２％／ｈ以内か否かを判断（６２）する。ここで、乾
減率αは、例えば次の式により算出する。When the section moisture value Ml is determined, the CPU 30 calculates the section moisture value Ml, the grain type and grain IW that have already been set.
, each data such as the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 16 is read (58), and it is determined whether the average moisture value Mμ is less than or equal to the stop moisture value Mt (59). This judgment (59
), the set hot air temperature Ts is calculated based on a predetermined calculation formula (60), and the grain circulation time T1 is set from 30 to 60 minutes based on the grain amount W, average moisture value Mμ, etc. Control the rotation of the circulation motor 8, etc. so that (61) L/, the average moisture value Mμ calculated in the step (57), the drying rate α (measured drying rate) is within a constant state, for example, ideal It is determined whether the drying rate curve is within ±0.1 to 2%/h (62). Here, the drying loss rate α is calculated, for example, by the following formula.
α＝Ｍｏ／２ＸＴ２
但し、
Ｍｏ＝（Ｍμを３＋ＭＪ、１４Ｎ−ｚ） −（Ｍμ屯−
＋＋Ｍμへ）Ｔ２：水分測定間隔
そして、判断（６２）でＮＯの場合は、所定時間Ｔ３経
過したか否かを判断（６３） Ｌ／、続いて乾減率αが
所定乾減率α０より大きいか否かを判断（６４）する。α=Mo/2XT2 However, Mo=(Mμ3+MJ, 14N−z) −(Mμtun−
++Mμ) T2: Moisture measurement interval Then, in the case of NO in the judgment (62), it is judged whether the predetermined time T3 has elapsed (63) L/, and then the drying loss rate α is greater than the predetermined drying loss rate α0. It is determined whether or not (64).
この判断（６４）でＹＥＳ、即ちαがα。This judgment (64) is YES, that is, α is α.
より大きい場合は、設定熱風温度Ｔｓを、前記ステップ
（５４）で穀物量Ｗに応じて記憶した変更幅Δｔｘだけ
下げ、また逆に、判断（６４）でＮＯの場合、即ちαが
α０より小さい場合は、設定熱風温度ＴｓをΔｔｘだけ
上げる。そして、上下させた設定熱風温度Ｔｓを保持す
るための所定時間Ｔ３をダイマーに設定（６７） Ｌ／
、設定熱風温度Ｔｓと前記熱風温度センサ１７で検出し
た（測定）熱風温度Ｔｂとを比較するステップ（６８）
〜（６９）に移る。If it is larger, the set hot air temperature Ts is lowered by the change range Δtx stored in accordance with the grain amount W in the step (54), and conversely, if the judgment (64) is NO, that is, α is smaller than α0. If so, increase the set hot air temperature Ts by Δtx. Then, a predetermined time T3 for maintaining the set hot air temperature Ts that has been raised or lowered is set in the dimer (67) L/
, a step (68) of comparing the set hot air temperature Ts and the hot air temperature Tb detected (measured) by the hot air temperature sensor 17;
-Move to (69).
なお、判断（６２）でＹＥＳの場合、及び判断（６３）
でＮｏの場合は、共にステップ（６８）ヘジヤンブする
。ここで、判断（６３）は、前述したように所定時間Ｔ
３、即ちステップ（６７）で設定した時間Ｔ３が経過し
たか否かを判断するものであり、設定熱風温度Ｔｓの変
更が一度も行われてζ４ない場合、Ｔ３はＯとなる。In addition, if the judgment (62) is YES, and the judgment (63)
If the answer is No, step (68) is carried out. Here, the judgment (63) is made for the predetermined time T as described above.
3, that is, it is determined whether or not the time T3 set in step (67) has elapsed. If the set hot air temperature Ts has never been changed and ζ4 has not been reached, T3 becomes O.
前記ステップ（６８）〜（６９）は、測定した熱風温度
Ｔｂが設定熱風温度Ｔｓに対して規格値β内か否かを判
断するもので、ステップ（６８）で上限側の規格値十β
に対する比較を、ステップ（６９）で下限側の規格値−
βに対する比較を行う。このステップ（６８）でＮｏの
場合、即ち、熱風温度Ｔｂが、上限の規格値βを上回る
場合は、穀物に浴びせる熱風温度を下げるべく、バーナ
１０に燃料を送る電磁ボン１３８の駆動周波数を温度差
に応じて所定数ｆｎだけ減少（７０）させ、また、ステ
・ンプ（６４）でＮＯの場合、即ち、熱風温度Ｔｂが、
下限の規格値βを下回る場合は、電磁ポンプ３８の駆動
周波数を所定数ｆｎだけ増加（７１）させ、それぞれ規
格値β外に出た熱風温度Ｔｂを規格値β内に戻すように
制御する。The steps (68) to (69) are for determining whether or not the measured hot air temperature Tb is within the standard value β with respect to the set hot air temperature Ts.
In step (69), the lower limit side standard value -
A comparison is made with respect to β. If No in this step (68), that is, if the hot air temperature Tb exceeds the upper limit standard value β, the driving frequency of the electromagnetic bong 138 that sends fuel to the burner 10 is changed to The temperature is decreased by a predetermined number fn (70) according to the difference, and if NO in step (64), that is, the hot air temperature Tb is
If the lower limit of the standard value β is exceeded, the drive frequency of the electromagnetic pump 38 is increased by a predetermined number fn (71), and the hot air temperature Tb, which has fallen outside the standard value β, is controlled to return to within the standard value β.
ステップ（７０）、（７１）で電磁ボン１３８の駆動周
波数を所定数ｆｎ増減させた場合、又は、ステップ（６
８）、（６９）で共にＹＥＳ、即ち、熱風温度Ｔｂが設
定熱風温度Ｔｓの上下の規格値β内にあるときは、電磁
ボン１３８の駆動周波数を増減させることなく、水分測
定間隔Ｔ２ （、但しＴＩ＜７２＜２Ｔ１）、例えば
３０分が経過したか否かを判断（７２） Ｌ／、この判
断（７２）でＹＥＳの場合は、前記ステップ（５６）に
戻り、ＮＯの場合はステップ（６８）へ戻る。また、前
記判断（５９）でＹＥＳの場合、即ち、平均水分値Ｍμ
が停止水分値Ｍｔ以下になった場合は、バーナ１０を停
止（７３）させるとともに、各モータを停止（７４）さ
せ、乾燥を終了（７５）する。When the driving frequency of the electromagnetic bong 138 is increased or decreased by a predetermined number fn in steps (70) and (71), or in step (6)
8) and (69) are both YES, that is, when the hot air temperature Tb is within the standard value β above and below the set hot air temperature Ts, the moisture measurement interval T2 (, However, if TI<72<2T1), for example, it is determined whether 30 minutes have passed (72) L/, if YES in this determination (72), the process returns to step (56), and if NO, step ( Return to 68). In addition, if the judgment (59) is YES, that is, the average moisture value Mμ
When it becomes below the stop moisture value Mt, the burner 10 is stopped (73), each motor is stopped (74), and the drying is finished (75).
な狛、ステップ（５７）で区間水分値Ｍｌを算出するた
めの区間の度数は、測定する穀物が１００〜３００個の
場合、３〜ｌＯ個であれば、良質粒の分布の立ち下がり
を的確にとらえることが実験により確認されている。When the number of grains to be measured is 100 to 300, the frequency of the interval for calculating the interval moisture value Ml in step (57) should be 3 to 10 to accurately determine the fall of the distribution of good quality grains. It has been confirmed through experiments that this is true.
このようにこの発明に係る熱風温度制御装置にあっては
、−粒ずつ測定した水分値データから乾減率αを算出し
、この乾減率αが一定の乾減率曲線に沿うように、穀物
に浴びせる熱風温度を穀物量Ｗに応じて予め設定した変
更幅で変更するとともに、この変更した熱風温度を所定
時間Ｔ３保持するため、水分ムラによる不要な熱風温度
の上下動を防止し得て、少量の穀物であっても胴割れを
発生させることなく乾燥することができる。また、穀物
量Ｗが満量の場合に、熱風温度の変更幅を大きく設定し
ているため、乾減率αの増減が大きく、乾減率αの補正
を短時間に行うことができて、乾燥時間を長びかせるこ
とがない。As described above, in the hot air temperature control device according to the present invention, the drying rate α is calculated from the moisture value data measured for each particle, and the drying rate α is adjusted so that the drying rate α follows a constant drying rate curve. The temperature of the hot air that is applied to the grains is changed by a preset change range according to the amount of grain W, and this changed hot air temperature is maintained for a predetermined period of time T3, thereby making it possible to prevent unnecessary vertical fluctuations in the hot air temperature due to uneven moisture content. , even a small amount of grain can be dried without causing cracking. In addition, when the grain amount W is full, the range of change in hot air temperature is set large, so the drying loss rate α increases or decreases greatly, and the drying loss rate α can be corrected in a short time. Does not prolong drying time.
第５図はこの発明の他の実施例を示すフローチャートで
あり、上記実施例と同一ステップには同一符号を付して
、その詳細な説明は省略する。この実施例の特徴は、設
定熱風温度Ｔｓ変更（ステップ６６．６７）後の保持時
間Ｔ３を水分測定間隔Ｔ２（ステップ６５）の２倍とし
た点にある。即ち、図に示すように、ステップ（６２）
で乾減率αが一定以下か否かを判断し、この判断（６２
）で、乾減率αが一定以下でなく熱風温度を変更する必
要がある場合（Ｎｏの場合）に、判断（６２）のＮＯが
連続して発生したか否かを判断（８０） Ｌ／、この判
断（８０）でＮＯの場合、即ち連続してＮＯが発生して
いない場合は設定熱風温度Ｔｓを変更し、判断（８０）
でＹＥＳの場合、即ち連続してＮｏが発生した場合は、
設定熱風温度Ｔｓを変更せずにステップ（６８）ヘジャ
ンブする。FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing another embodiment of the present invention, in which the same steps as in the above embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted. The feature of this embodiment is that the holding time T3 after changing the set hot air temperature Ts (steps 66 and 67) is twice the moisture measurement interval T2 (step 65). That is, as shown in the figure, step (62)
Determine whether the drying loss rate α is below a certain level or not by
), if the drying loss rate α is not below a certain level and it is necessary to change the hot air temperature (in the case of No), determine whether NO in judgment (62) has occurred continuously (80) L/ , If NO in this judgment (80), that is, if NO is not occurring continuously, change the set hot air temperature Ts and make a judgment (80).
If YES, that is, if No occurs continuously,
Jump to step (68) without changing the set hot air temperature Ts.
したがって、この実施例においては、連続しての熱風温
度の変更を行わないため、熱風温度変更後の保持時間Ｔ
３を水分測定間隔Ｔ２の２倍とすることができ構成を簡
略化し得る。この実施例においても、上記実施例と同様
の作用効果が得られることは明らかである。Therefore, in this embodiment, since the hot air temperature is not changed continuously, the holding time T after changing the hot air temperature is
3 can be twice the moisture measurement interval T2, and the configuration can be simplified. It is clear that the same effects as in the above embodiment can be obtained in this embodiment as well.
なお、上記各実施例においては、設定熱風温度の変更幅
Δｔｘが３段階である場合について説明したが、この発
明はこれに何ら限定されず、例えば、変更幅を大・小の
２段階あるいは穀物量設定スイッチの目盛毎に対応した
複数段階に設定してもよく、また、各段階の変更幅も、
穀物量Ｗが多い場合には大きく、Ｗが少ない場合には小
さくなる範囲で適宜に設定し得るものである。In each of the above embodiments, a case has been described in which the range of change Δtx of the set hot air temperature is in three stages, but the present invention is not limited to this in any way. It may be set in multiple stages corresponding to each scale of the amount setting switch, and the change width of each stage can also be changed.
It can be set appropriately within a range where it is large when the grain amount W is large and small when the grain amount W is small.
さらに、設定熱風温度Ｔｓの変更幅を、熱風上昇温度（
Ｔｓ−外気温度）の所定の割合だけ変更、即ち、Ｔｓ＝
Ｔｓ±（Ｔｓ−外気温度）Ｘｒ（但しｒ ＝０．１−０
．２）の如く変更させてもよい。また、上記各実施例に
おけるフローチャートも一例であって、この発明の要旨
を逸脱しない範囲において、適宜変更が可能であること
はいうまでもない。Furthermore, the change range of the set hot air temperature Ts is changed to the hot air rising temperature (
Ts−outside temperature) is changed by a predetermined ratio, that is, Ts=
Ts±(Ts-outside temperature)Xr(r=0.1-0
．． 2) may be changed. Further, the flowcharts in each of the above-described embodiments are merely examples, and it goes without saying that changes can be made as appropriate without departing from the gist of the present invention.
［発明の効果］
以上詳細に説明したように、この発明に係る穀物乾燥機
の熱風温度制御装置にあっては、測定した水分値データ
から乾減率を算出し、この乾減率が一定の乾減率曲線に
沿うように、穀物に浴びせる熱風温度を乾燥する穀物量
に応じて予め設定した複数の幅で変更するとともに、こ
の変更した熱風温度を所定時間保持するため、水分ムラ
による不要な熱風温度の上下動を防止し得て、少量の穀
物であっても胴割れを発生させることなく乾燥すること
ができるとともに、満量の穀物の場合に乾燥時間を長び
かせることがない等の効果を奏する。[Effects of the Invention] As explained in detail above, in the hot air temperature control device for a grain dryer according to the present invention, the drying loss rate is calculated from the measured moisture value data, and the drying loss rate is determined to be constant. In order to follow the drying rate curve, the temperature of the hot air applied to the grain is changed in multiple preset ranges depending on the amount of grain to be dried, and this changed hot air temperature is maintained for a predetermined period of time, thereby eliminating unnecessary moisture caused by uneven moisture. It is possible to prevent the hot air temperature from fluctuating up and down, and it is possible to dry even a small amount of grain without causing shell cracking, and it does not prolong the drying time when the grain is full. be effective.
第１図は穀物乾燥機の正面図、第２図は第１図の右側面
図、第３図は制御回路のブロック図、第４図は制御装置
の動作の一例を示すフローチャート、第５図は同地の実
施例を示すフローチャート、第６図は乾減率と熱風温度
等との関係を示すグラフである。
１・・・穀物乾燥機、２・・・乾燥部、３・・・貯留部
、４・・・集穀部、５・・・揚穀機、１３・・・制御盤
、１５・・・水分計、３０・・・ＣＰＵ、Ｗ・・・穀物
量、Ｍμ・・・平均水分値、Ｍｌ・・・区間水分値、Ｔ
ｓ・・・設定熱風温度、Δｔｘ・・・変更幅。
第５図
特許出願人 静岡製機株式会社
代表者 鈴木重夫Figure 1 is a front view of the grain dryer, Figure 2 is a right side view of Figure 1, Figure 3 is a block diagram of the control circuit, Figure 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the control device, and Figure 5. 6 is a flowchart showing the example of the same site, and FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the drying loss rate and the hot air temperature. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Grain dryer, 2... Drying section, 3... Storage section, 4... Grain collecting section, 5... Grain lifting machine, 13... Control panel, 15... Moisture Total, 30...CPU, W...Grain amount, Mμ...Average moisture value, Ml...Interval moisture value, T
s...Set hot air temperature, Δtx...Change width. Figure 5 Patent applicant: Shigeo Suzuki, representative of Shizuoka Seiki Co., Ltd.
Claims (1)
通風下にてテンパリングする貯留室とを有し、前記両室
に穀物を循環させて乾燥する穀物乾燥機において、 ロ、穀物の水分値を測定するとともに、この測定した水
分値データに基づいて乾減率を算出する手段と、 ハ、この乾減率が所定の曲線に沿うべく、乾燥する穀物
量に応じて予め設定した複数の変更幅で前記熱風の所定
温度を変更する手段と、 ニ、この変更した熱風の所定温度を所定時間保持する手
段、 とを具備する穀物乾燥機の熱風温度制御装置。[Scope of Claims] B. A grain dryer that has a drying chamber that blows hot air at a predetermined temperature onto the grains and a storage chamber that tempers the grains without ventilation, and that circulates the grains in both chambers for drying. , B. Means for measuring the moisture value of grains and calculating the drying loss rate based on the measured moisture value data, and C. A means for measuring the drying rate according to the amount of grain to be dried so that the drying rate follows a predetermined curve. A hot air temperature control device for a grain dryer, comprising: means for changing the predetermined temperature of the hot air by a plurality of change widths set in advance; and (d) means for maintaining the changed predetermined temperature of the hot air for a predetermined period of time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63293340A JPH0746028B2 (en) | 1988-11-18 | 1988-11-18 | Hot air temperature controller for grain dryer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63293340A JPH0746028B2 (en) | 1988-11-18 | 1988-11-18 | Hot air temperature controller for grain dryer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02140589A true JPH02140589A (en) | 1990-05-30 |
| JPH0746028B2 JPH0746028B2 (en) | 1995-05-17 |
Family
ID=17793536
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63293340A Expired - Lifetime JPH0746028B2 (en) | 1988-11-18 | 1988-11-18 | Hot air temperature controller for grain dryer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0746028B2 (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60181578A (en) * | 1984-02-29 | 1985-09-17 | 金子農機株式会社 | Method of drying cereal |
| JPS6373083A (en) * | 1986-09-12 | 1988-04-02 | 井関農機株式会社 | Drying controller for cereal grain drier |
-
1988
- 1988-11-18 JP JP63293340A patent/JPH0746028B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60181578A (en) * | 1984-02-29 | 1985-09-17 | 金子農機株式会社 | Method of drying cereal |
| JPS6373083A (en) * | 1986-09-12 | 1988-04-02 | 井関農機株式会社 | Drying controller for cereal grain drier |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0746028B2 (en) | 1995-05-17 |
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