JPH02140074A - Video camera - Google Patents
Video cameraInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02140074A JPH02140074A JP63248198A JP24819888A JPH02140074A JP H02140074 A JPH02140074 A JP H02140074A JP 63248198 A JP63248198 A JP 63248198A JP 24819888 A JP24819888 A JP 24819888A JP H02140074 A JPH02140074 A JP H02140074A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lens
- focus
- video camera
- auxiliary vibration
- signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 101100115215 Caenorhabditis elegans cul-2 gene Proteins 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 8
- 101100411643 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) RAD5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzohydrazide Chemical compound COCCOC1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN)=C1 GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100033934 DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101001132307 Homo sapiens DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical group [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Automatic Focus Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
、 産業上の利用分野
本発明はビデオカメラの焦点調節をする際に、撮影すべ
き被写体の像を最適な焦点位置に自動的にフォーカシン
グする自動焦点調節装置を備えたビデオカメラに関する
ものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] , Industrial Application Field The present invention is equipped with an automatic focus adjustment device that automatically focuses an image of a subject to an optimal focus position when adjusting the focus of a video camera. It is related to video cameras.
従来の技術
ビデオカメラの重要な機能である自動焦点調節（オート
フォーカス）については、既に何種類かの方式が提案・
実施されている。その中の一つであるビデオカメラの映
像信号を利用する方式（「山登り方式」と称する）につ
いては、例えば「山登りザーボ方式によるテレビカメラ
の自動焦点調整Ｊ（ｒＮＨＫ技術研究」第１７巻 第１
号２１頁 昭和４０年発行 石田他）の論文に詳細に発
表されている。Conventional technology Several types of methods have already been proposed for automatic focus adjustment (autofocus), which is an important function of video cameras.
It has been implemented. One of them, a method that uses video signals from a video camera (referred to as the "mountain climbing method"), is described in, for example, "Automatic focus adjustment of television cameras using the mountain climbing servo method J (rNHK Technical Research" Vol. 17, Vol. 1).
No. 21, published in 1965, detailed in the paper by Ishida et al.
発明が解決しようとする課題
上に述べた「山登り方式」では撮影レンズを移動させ、
被写体の映像信号に含まれる一定値以上の周波数成分（
以後、高周波成分と称する）のレベルの変化より、ピン
トを合わせるため撮影レンズを移動させるべき方向（以
後、合焦方向と称する）、および合焦位置を検出してい
る。従って本方式では撮影レンズが一旦移動しない限り
、原理的に合焦位置が現在位置の前後いずれの方向に存
在するか不明であり、自動焦点関節ａ横の始動時や被写
体が移動した場合など撮影レンズのピントを誤った方向
に駆動してしまうことがある。このような場合にはレン
ズの応答性を著しく損なってしまう。Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the "mountain climbing method" mentioned above, the photographic lens is moved,
Frequency components above a certain value included in the video signal of the subject (
The direction in which the photographic lens should be moved for focusing (hereinafter referred to as the focusing direction) and the in-focus position are detected from changes in the level of the high-frequency components (hereinafter referred to as high-frequency components). Therefore, with this method, unless the photographing lens moves once, it is unknown whether the in-focus position is in the front or back direction of the current position. This may cause the lens to focus in the wrong direction. In such a case, the responsiveness of the lens will be significantly impaired.
課題を解決するための手段
上記課題を解決するために本発明のビデオカメラは、撮
影レンズを介して得られる被写体像の光信号を光−電気
変換する撮像素子と、その撮像素子出力に一定の信号処
理を施した映像信号を出力するカメラプロセス回路と、
前記カメラプロセス回路にて生成される前記映像信号よ
り前記撮影レンズのピント状態に対応した焦点信号を演
算する焦点信号検出手段と、前記撮影レンズの一部であ
ってピント調節機能を有する焦点調節用レンズ部を前記
撮影レンズの光軸上に沿って移動させピント３Ｊｉ１節
を行うレンズ駆動手段と、前記撮影レンズの焦点位置を
その現在位置の前後に振動させる補助振動制御部と、前
記補助振動制御部に補助振動を実行させる街令を与える
とともに、前記焦点信号検出手段が出力する前記焦点信
号レベルの変化により前記被写体のピント状態を検出し
、この検出結果に基づき前記レンズ駆動手段に前記焦点
調節用レンズ部を駆動すべき方向、駆動速度あるいは停
止を指示するレンズ制御部とを具備したものである。Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the video camera of the present invention includes an image sensor that performs optical-to-electrical conversion of an optical signal of a subject image obtained through a photographic lens, and a certain amount of output from the image sensor. A camera process circuit that outputs a video signal that has been subjected to signal processing,
a focus signal detection means for calculating a focus signal corresponding to the focus state of the photographing lens from the video signal generated by the camera process circuit; and a focus signal detecting means that is a part of the photographic lens and has a focus adjustment function. a lens driving means for moving a lens portion along the optical axis of the photographing lens to perform focusing; an auxiliary vibration control section for vibrating the focal position of the photographing lens back and forth from its current position; and the auxiliary vibration control At the same time, the focus state of the subject is detected based on a change in the focus signal level outputted by the focus signal detection means, and the focus adjustment is made to the lens drive means based on the detection result. The lens controller includes a lens control section that instructs the direction in which the lens section should be driven, the driving speed, or whether to stop the lens section.
作用
本発明は上記した構成によって、前記焦点調節用レンズ
部を駆動すべき合焦方向を検出する必要のある場合に限
り、前記補助振動を実行させ、前記焦点信号検出手段の
検出結果に基づきピント状態が最良と成る位置まで前記
焦点調節用レンズ部を駆動した後、停止させる山登り動
作を実施することにより常に誤動作することのない安定
で応答性の良好な自動焦点ＵＦ４節を実施するようにし
たものである。According to the above-described configuration, the present invention executes the auxiliary vibration only when it is necessary to detect the focusing direction in which the focusing lens section should be driven, and performs the focusing based on the detection result of the focusing signal detection means. After driving the focus adjustment lens unit to the position where the condition is best, a hill-climbing operation is performed in which the focus adjustment lens unit is stopped, so that stable and highly responsive autofocus UF4 section that does not always malfunction is performed. It is something.
実施例
以下、本発明のビデオカメラの一実施例について図面を
参照しながら説明する。Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment of the video camera of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
第１図に本発明の一構成例を示す。同図において１はズ
ームレンズであり、４個のレンズ群より構成されている
（各レンズ群は便宜上各々１枚の凸レンズ、あるいは凹
レンズにて示すが、実際には複数枚の凸レンズ、あるい
は凹レンズより構成される。本図において各々ｌａ、ｌ
ｄにて示す）。FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a zoom lens, which is composed of four lens groups (each lens group is shown as one convex lens or one concave lens for convenience, but in reality it is made up of multiple convex lenses or concave lenses). In this figure, la and l are respectively configured.
(shown in d).
被写体２の像はズームレンズＩを介し、ＣＣＤ３に人力
される。カメラプロセス回路４はＣＣＤ３より得られる
電気信号に各種信号処理を施し、所定の映像信号（例え
ばＮＴＳＣ信号）Ｃ０を出力する。An image of the subject 2 is manually input to the CCD 3 via the zoom lens I. The camera process circuit 4 performs various signal processing on the electric signal obtained from the CCD 3 and outputs a predetermined video signal (for example, an NTSC signal) C0.
焦点信号検出手段５はカメラプロセス回路４より出力さ
れる輝度信号Ｙより撮影レンズ１のピント状態に対応し
た焦点信号ＶＦをフィールド周期で演算し、出力する。The focus signal detection means 5 calculates a focus signal VF corresponding to the focus state of the photographing lens 1 from the luminance signal Y output from the camera process circuit 4 at a field period, and outputs the result.
レンズ制御部６は焦点信号検出手段５の過去２フィール
ド分の出力値、すなわち焦点信号ＶＦを保持し、両者の
差分値（ΔＶＦ）を演算し、この差分値ΔＶＦの符号お
よび、絶対値より撮影レンズの合焦状態を判断し、モー
タ駆動部７にステッピングモータ８の駆動速度、および
駆動方向を各各規定するクロック信号ＣＫ、および正逆
転信号ＲＥＶを供給する。The lens control unit 6 holds the output value of the focus signal detection means 5 for the past two fields, that is, the focus signal VF, calculates the difference value (ΔVF) between the two, and determines the photographing based on the sign and absolute value of this difference value ΔVF. The in-focus state of the lens is determined, and a clock signal CK and a forward/reverse rotation signal REV are supplied to the motor driving section 7, which respectively define the driving speed and driving direction of the stepping motor 8.
モータ駆動部７はクロック信号ＣＫ、および正逆転信号
ＲＥＶに基づきステッピングモータ８を駆動し、ステッ
ピングモータ８は伝達機構９を介してズームレンズ１の
第１群１ａを所定の位置まで移動させ、自動焦点調節が
実行される。The motor drive unit 7 drives the stepping motor 8 based on the clock signal CK and the forward/reverse signal REV, and the stepping motor 8 moves the first group 1a of the zoom lens 1 to a predetermined position via the transmission mechanism 9. Focusing is performed.
以上が山登り制御の動作説明である。次に補助振動の動
作説明を行い、本発明の要点である合焦過程における撮
影レンズの応答性改善が如何にして実現されるかを説明
する。The above is an explanation of the operation of the mountain climbing control. Next, the operation of the auxiliary vibration will be explained, and how the responsiveness of the photographing lens in the focusing process, which is the main point of the present invention, can be achieved will be explained.
ＣＣＤ３は振動体ｌＯが振動する場合、ズームレンズ１
の光軸に沿って振動するよう振動体１０と機構的に結合
されている。When the vibrating body lO vibrates, the CCD 3 uses the zoom lens 1.
It is mechanically coupled to the vibrating body 10 so as to vibrate along the optical axis.
補助振動を実行する場合、レンズ制御部６はステッピン
グモータ８を一端強制的に停止させる指令（ＣＫ＝０）
を出すとともに、振動体駆動部１１にＣＣＤ３をカメラ
プロセス回路４の規定する映像信号の垂直同期信号に同
期し、４フィールドを１周期としてＣＣＤ３をその現在
位置の前後に振動させる補助振動実行信号Ｅ、および補
助振動の振動振幅を規定する補助振動振幅信号Ａを各各
供給する。このような補助振動が実行されるとズームレ
ンズ１の焦点の現在位置およびその前後位置における各
１フィールド期間における焦点信号が得られ、合焦方向
が検出される。When performing auxiliary vibration, the lens control unit 6 issues a command (CK=0) to forcibly stop the stepping motor 8.
At the same time, an auxiliary vibration execution signal E is sent to the vibrating body drive unit 11 to synchronize the CCD 3 with the vertical synchronization signal of the video signal prescribed by the camera process circuit 4, and to vibrate the CCD 3 back and forth from its current position with 4 fields as one period. , and an auxiliary vibration amplitude signal A defining the vibration amplitude of the auxiliary vibration. When such auxiliary vibration is executed, focus signals are obtained for each one field period at the current position of the focal point of the zoom lens 1 and positions before and after the current position, and the focusing direction is detected.
レンズ制４８部６は以下に示す各場合において、補助振
動を実行させる。The lens system 48 section 6 executes auxiliary vibration in each case shown below.
（１）本自動焦点調節装置に電力が供給され、自動電点
調節動作が始動する場合
（２）上記山登り動作により前記撮影レンズが合焦した
後、前記被写体やビデオカメラが移動し、自動焦点ｔＡ
ｌ！ｆｆを再始動する場合いずれも、従来の山登り制御
の自動焦点調節では不可能な合焦方向判別機能が必要と
される場合である。また補助振動は上記以外にも以下の
ような場合に実施することが、撮影レンズの応答性を向
上する上で有効である。(1) When power is supplied to the automatic focusing device and the automatic focusing operation starts (2) After the photographic lens is focused by the mountain climbing operation, the subject or video camera moves and the automatic focusing tA
l! In all cases where the FF is restarted, a focusing direction determination function is required, which is not possible with conventional mountain climbing control automatic focus adjustment. In addition to the above, it is also effective to perform auxiliary vibration in the following cases in order to improve the responsiveness of the photographic lens.
（３）上記山登り動作により前記撮影レンズが合焦し、
自動焦点［ｊが完了した場合、以後自動焦点調節が再始
動されるまでの間
（４）上記山登り動作中、自動焦点調節が完了するまで
の間
上記（３）の場合、レンズ制御部６は被写体の移動が認
知されるまでの間、補助振動実行信号Ａに従って継続的
にＣＣＤ３を補助振動させる。これは自動焦点調節が完
了後、継続的に補助振動を実施し、被写体の移動がある
かどうか常に監視する意味があり、被写体の移動（また
はビデオカメラの移動）に迅速に対応することが可能と
なる。(3) The photographic lens is brought into focus by the mountain climbing motion;
When autofocus [j is completed, the period until autofocus adjustment is restarted (4) During the above mountain climbing operation, until autofocus adjustment is completed In the case of (3) above, the lens control unit 6 Until the movement of the subject is recognized, the CCD 3 is continuously subjected to auxiliary vibration according to the auxiliary vibration execution signal A. This means that after automatic focus adjustment is completed, the auxiliary vibration is continuously performed to constantly monitor whether the subject is moving, and it is possible to quickly respond to subject movement (or movement of the video camera). becomes.
上記（４）の場合、レンズ制御部６は山登り動作中の予
め設定された一定期間、山登り動作を中断する（ＣＫ−
０）とともに、補助振動実行信号Ｅを出力し補助振動に
て合焦方向を確認した後、再び山登り動作を実行させる
。これは合焦方向を判別しつつ山登り動作を実施するこ
とになり、自動焦点調節の動作が安定に保たれるととも
に、合焦位置での撮影レンズのオーバーランを抑制する
ことができる。In the case of (4) above, the lens control unit 6 suspends the mountain climbing operation for a preset period during the mountain climbing operation (CK-
0), the auxiliary vibration execution signal E is output, and after confirming the focusing direction by the auxiliary vibration, the mountain climbing operation is executed again. This means that the camera performs the mountain climbing operation while determining the focusing direction, so that the automatic focusing operation is kept stable and overrun of the photographing lens at the focusing position can be suppressed.
第２図に本実施例における自動焦点調節制御のアルゴリ
ズムを図示する。同図においてａ −ｅの過程では本自
動焦点調節装置に電力が供給された場合にまず補助振動
振幅信号Ａにて規定された振幅にて補助振動が実行され
、Ｃで１周期のみ補助振動が実行された後、ｄで合焦方
向の判断を実施し、合焦方向が検出された場合はｆの山
登り動作に入り、検出されない場合にはｅのステップで
予め設定されたアルゴリズムで補助振動の振幅を増大さ
せて再度Ｃの補助振動を実行させる。FIG. 2 illustrates an algorithm for automatic focus adjustment control in this embodiment. In the process a to e in the same figure, when power is supplied to the automatic focus adjustment device, auxiliary vibration is first performed with the amplitude specified by the auxiliary vibration amplitude signal A, and in C, the auxiliary vibration is performed for only one cycle. After execution, the focusing direction is judged in step d, and if the focusing direction is detected, the mountain climbing operation in f is started, and if it is not detected, the auxiliary vibration is started using the preset algorithm in step e. Increase the amplitude and perform C auxiliary vibration again.
ｆの山登り動作が進められていくと、徐々にピントが合
っていくがやがて行き過ぎ（オーバーラン）が生じる。As f's hill-climbing motion progresses, the focus will gradually come into focus, but eventually an overrun will occur.
これはｇのステップにて、焦点信号ＶＦが増大傾向から
減少傾向に転じることにて検出される。前記オーバーラ
ンが検出されると１１にてズームレンズｌの第１群１ａ
を予め設定された一定量だけ戻すオーバーラン補正が実
行される。This is detected at step g when the focus signal VF changes from an increasing tendency to a decreasing tendency. When the overrun is detected, the first group 1a of the zoom lens l is
Overrun correction is performed to return the value by a preset constant amount.
そして次にｉの補助振動が実行され、ｊにて合焦の確認
が実施される。金塊か否かの判断は補助振動で得られる
現焦点位置の前後における焦点信号ＶＦの差異にて実施
される。ここでまだオーバーラン補正が不足で否合焦と
判断される場合は再度りのオーバーラン補正に戻り、再
補正を実行する。Then, auxiliary vibration at i is performed, and focus confirmation is performed at j. Whether or not it is a gold nugget is determined based on the difference in focus signals VF before and after the current focus position obtained by auxiliary vibration. At this point, if it is determined that the overrun correction is still insufficient and focus is not achieved, the process returns to the overrun correction again and performs the re-correction.
合焦に後は、一定間隔にて補助振動を実行工し、現焦点
位置の前後における焦点信号ＶＦを演算し、被写***置
が変化しているか否かの監視を続けｍ、変化が検出され
た場合には再度すの自動焦点調節を開始するのである。After focusing, auxiliary vibration is performed at regular intervals, the focus signal VF is calculated before and after the current focus position, and monitoring continues to determine whether or not the subject position has changed, and a change is detected. In this case, the automatic focus adjustment will start again.
次に本実施例において、補助振動の振動振幅が決定され
るしくみを説明する。第１図においてズームレンズ１に
具備される絞り機構１２の絞り値（Ｆ値）は絞り制御部
１３により、カメラプロセス回路４の内部で生成される
輝度信号Ｙのレベルが予め設定された一定基準値に等し
くなるよう調整される。絞り値検出部Ｉ４は絞り機構１
２の絞り値を検出し、各絞り値に応じた絞り値信号Ｆと
してレンズ制御部６に入力する。レンズ制御部６は内部
に絞り値信号Ｆと補助振動振幅信号Ａとの対応を示す対
応表を具備しており、絞り値検出部１４より人力される
絞り値信号Ｆに応じた補助振動振幅信号Ａを設定する。Next, a mechanism for determining the vibration amplitude of the auxiliary vibration in this embodiment will be explained. In FIG. 1, the aperture value (F value) of the aperture mechanism 12 provided in the zoom lens 1 is determined by the aperture control unit 13 based on a preset standard for the level of the luminance signal Y generated inside the camera process circuit 4. Adjusted to equal the value. The aperture value detection section I4 is the aperture mechanism 1
The aperture values of 2 are detected and input to the lens control unit 6 as an aperture value signal F corresponding to each aperture value. The lens control unit 6 is internally equipped with a correspondence table showing the correspondence between the aperture value signal F and the auxiliary vibration amplitude signal A. Set A.
一般に撮影レンズの焦点深度はレンズの絞り値Ｆに比例
するので、前記対応表において補助振動振幅信号Ａは絞
り値信号Ａに比例した値に設定される。本実施例のレン
ズ制御部６は実際にはマイクロプロセッサを用いて簡単
に構成することができ、上記対応表もリード オンリー
メモリー（ＲＯＭ；Ｒｅａｄ ０ｎｌｙ Ｍｅｍ
ｏｒｙ）により構成される。また絞り値検出部１４はホ
ール素子を用いて絞り機構１２の変位量を検出する公知
の方式が利用できる。Generally, the depth of focus of a photographic lens is proportional to the aperture value F of the lens, so the auxiliary vibration amplitude signal A is set to a value proportional to the aperture value signal A in the above correspondence table. The lens control section 6 of this embodiment can actually be easily configured using a microprocessor, and the above correspondence table also uses a read only memory (ROM).
ory). Further, the aperture value detection section 14 can use a known method of detecting the amount of displacement of the aperture mechanism 12 using a Hall element.
第３図に焦点信号検出手段５の具体的な構成方法を示す
ブロック図を示す。FIG. 3 shows a block diagram showing a specific method of configuring the focus signal detection means 5. As shown in FIG.
焦点信号検出手段５は帯域増幅器１５、ゲート部Ｉ６、
ピーク検波器１７より構成されている。The focus signal detection means 5 includes a band amplifier 15, a gate section I6,
It consists of a peak detector 17.
４１）域増幅器Ｉ５はカメラプロセス回路４より出力さ
れる輝度信号Ｙの内、一定値以上の周波数成分（高周波
成分とｆ＋トする）を抽出し、増幅する（この出力をＣ
で表わす）、ゲート部１６はビデオカメラの１フィール
ド（撮影画面）の一定範囲に対応する高周波成分のみを
ゲートして抽出しくこの出力をＣＧで表わす）、ピーク
検波器１７は各フィールド期間内のゲートされた高周波
成分のレベルの最大値を検出し、フィールド周期で出力
する。41) The range amplifier I5 extracts a frequency component (f+t) above a certain value from the luminance signal Y output from the camera process circuit 4 and amplifies it (this output is
The gate section 16 gates and extracts only the high frequency components corresponding to a certain range of one field (photographing screen) of the video camera, and this output is expressed as CG), and the peak detector 17 detects the high frequency components within each field period (represented by CG). The maximum level of the gated high frequency component is detected and output at the field period.
これが上記焦点信号ＶＦとなる。This becomes the focus signal VF.
また振動体】０としては圧電素子を用いた公知のピエゾ
・アクチュエータが用いられる。As the vibrator 0, a known piezo actuator using a piezoelectric element is used.
次に第４図を用いて補助振動の制御方法とその効果につ
いて説明する。Next, a method of controlling auxiliary vibration and its effects will be explained using FIG.
第４図のａ、 ｂ、 ｃ、 ｄにおいて横軸は全
て時刻むである。第４図のａはレンズ制御部６の出力す
る補助振動実行信号Ｅの時間波形を示す。本実施例では
時刻（３ｔｖ／２）〜（ｌｌｔｖ／２）のｄｔｖ間（ｔ
ｖは１フィールド時間、すなわちＮＴＳＣ方弐の場合で
はｌ／６０秒を示す）、補助振動実行信号ＥはＨレベル
となり補助振動を１周朋実行する。In a, b, c, and d of FIG. 4, the horizontal axes are all time. 4A shows the time waveform of the auxiliary vibration execution signal E outputted from the lens control section 6. In FIG. In this embodiment, the dtv interval (t
(v indicates one field time, that is, 1/60 seconds in the case of NTSC), the auxiliary vibration execution signal E becomes H level, and the auxiliary vibration is executed for one round.
このような補助振動実行信号Ｅを受けたピエゾ駆動部１
１は第４図のｂに示すように、ＣＣＤ３を現在位置（１
０）の前後に振動させる。この時の振動振幅ｌＡはレン
ズ制御部６より出力される補助振動振幅信号Ａにて設定
されている。The piezo drive unit 1 receives such an auxiliary vibration execution signal E.
1 indicates the current position (1) of the CCD 3 as shown in FIG.
0) Vibrate back and forth. The vibration amplitude lA at this time is set by the auxiliary vibration amplitude signal A output from the lens control section 6.
また補助振動時の焦点検出手段５で生成するゲートされ
た種度信号の高周波成分（上記Ｃ６）、および焦点電圧
■Ｆ（ｔ）の時間応答波形を第４図のｃ、ｄに各々示す
。レンズ制御部６は現在位置１゜よりの位置変位１ ｆ
ｔ）が前後方向に最大となる時刻の対（例えばｔ＝ａｔ
ｖとｔ＝５ ｔ、）における焦点電圧値ＶＦ（ｔ）（Ｖ
Ｆ （３Ｌｖ）＝ＶＦ、。Further, the time response waveforms of the high frequency component (above C6) of the gated seedness signal generated by the focus detection means 5 during auxiliary vibration and the focus voltage F(t) are shown in c and d of FIG. 4, respectively. The lens control unit 6 has a positional displacement of 1 f from the current position of 1°.
t) is maximum in the longitudinal direction (for example, t=at
The focal voltage value VF(t)(V
F (3Lv)=VF,.
ＶＰ （５ｔｖ）＝ＶＦ３）を比較することにより合焦
方向を決定する。すなわち第４図のｄに示すように、Ｖ
Ｆ１が”Ｆ３より大であるとすると、レンズ制御部６は
ｌ Ｌ＝３ Ｌｖにおける変位の方向、すなわち変位１
（ｔ）を増大させる方向にＣＣＤ３を駆動するよう合
焦方向を決定する。The focusing direction is determined by comparing VP(5tv)=VF3). That is, as shown in d of FIG.
Assuming that F1 is larger than F3, the lens control unit 6 will change the direction of displacement at l L = 3 Lv, that is, the displacement 1
A focusing direction is determined to drive the CCD 3 in a direction that increases (t).
本発明の第２の実施例を第５図に示す。第２の実施例を
構成する各要素の内、上記第１の実施例と共通でよいも
のは同じ番号を付した。第２の実施例のポイントはズー
ムレンズの構成とそれに伴う前記補助振動の実行手段で
あるので、これに限って以下に説明する
第５図において１８はズームレンズであり、物体側から
順に正の屈折力を持つ第１１７１群と、負の屈折力を持
ち変倍作用を有する第２レンズ群と、第１１７１群およ
び第２レンズ群の合成屈折力をほぼ打ち消す屈折力を存
する第３レンズ群と、正の屈折力を持ち結像作用を有す
る第４レンズ群より構成される（本実施例にても便宜上
、各レンズ群を１枚の凸レンズ、あるいは凹レンズにて
示し、各々１８ａ〜１８ｄにて示す）、ズームレンズ１
８は第４レンズ群ｌｅｄが焦点調節用レンズ部を構成し
ている所謂インナーフォーカス型のズームレンズである
。A second embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. Among the elements constituting the second embodiment, those that may be common to those of the first embodiment are given the same numbers. The point of the second embodiment is the configuration of the zoom lens and the accompanying means for executing the auxiliary vibration, so in FIG. 5, which will be explained below, 18 is a zoom lens, and the positive A 1171st lens group having a refractive power, a 2nd lens group having a negative refractive power and a variable power function, and a 3rd lens group having a refractive power that almost cancels out the combined refractive power of the 1171st group and the 2nd lens group. , consisting of a fourth lens group having positive refractive power and an image forming function (also in this example, for convenience, each lens group is shown as one convex lens or one concave lens, and 18a to 18d are used for each lens group. ), zoom lens 1
8 is a so-called inner focus type zoom lens in which the fourth lens group LED constitutes a focusing lens section.
レンズＩ＋ノ御部Ｉ９は上記第１の実施例と同様に焦点
検出手段５にて演算される焦点信号ＶＦの２フィールド
分の出力値を保持し、両者の差分値（ΔｖＦ）を演算し
、この差分値Δ■、の符号および、絶対値より撮影レン
ズの合焦状態を判断し、モータ駆動部２０にステッピン
グモータ８の駆動速度、および駆動方向を各々規定する
クロック信号ＣＫＬおよび正逆転信号ＲＥＶ １を供給
する。The lens I+ control unit I9 holds the output value of two fields of the focus signal VF calculated by the focus detection means 5 as in the first embodiment, and calculates the difference value (ΔvF) between the two fields. The in-focus state of the photographing lens is determined from the sign and absolute value of this difference value Δ■, and the clock signal CKL and forward/reverse signal REV are used to specify the driving speed and driving direction of the stepping motor 8 to the motor driving section 20, respectively. Supply 1.
モータ駆動部２０はクロック信号ＣＫ １．および正逆
転信号ＲＥＶ １に基づきステッピングモータ８を駆動
し、ステッピングモータ８は伝達機構２１を介してズー
ムレンズ１８の第４レンズ群１８ｄを所定の位置まで移
動させ、上記山登り制御の動作が実行される。The motor drive section 20 receives a clock signal CK1. The stepping motor 8 is driven based on the forward/reverse signal REV 1, and the stepping motor 8 moves the fourth lens group 18d of the zoom lens 18 to a predetermined position via the transmission mechanism 21, and the above-mentioned hill climbing control operation is executed. Ru.
補助振動については、上記第１の実施例と同様の場合に
実施されるが、これはレンズ制御部１９が上記山登り制
御時のステッピングモータ８の駆動速度、および駆動方
向を各々規定するクロック信号ＣＫＩ、および正逆転信
号ＲＥＶＩを一旦無視し、ズームレンズ１８の第４レン
ズ群１８ｄを予め設定された振幅値だけ前後に振動させ
るクロック信号ＣＫ２、および正逆転信号ＲＥＶ２をモ
ータ駆ｖｊ部２０に供給することにより実行される。The auxiliary vibration is carried out in the same case as in the first embodiment, but this is because the lens control unit 19 uses the clock signal CKI that respectively defines the drive speed and drive direction of the stepping motor 8 during the hill-climbing control. , and a clock signal CK2 that causes the fourth lens group 18d of the zoom lens 18 to vibrate back and forth by a preset amplitude value while ignoring the forward/reverse signal REVI, and a forward/reverse signal REV2 are supplied to the motor drive unit 20. It is executed by
すなわちこの第２の実施例の場合、山登り動作、補助振
動ともレンズ制御部１９にてズームレンズ１８の第４レ
ンズ群１８ｄを同一のステッピングモータ８を用い、駆
動するよう制御している。That is, in the case of the second embodiment, the fourth lens group 18d of the zoom lens 18 is controlled by the lens control section 19 to be driven by the same stepping motor 8 for both the mountain climbing operation and the auxiliary vibration.
次に第６図を用いて本実施例の場合の補助振動の制御方
法とその効果について説明する。第６図のａ、ｂは各々
レンズ制御部６の出力する補助振動用のクロック信号Ｃ
Ｋ２、および正逆転信号ＲＥＶ２の時間波形を示す。本
実施例ではクロック信号ＣＫ２のクロック周波数は一定
（ｆＣＫ （Ｈｚ） ）であり、従ってステッピングモ
ータの駆動速度も一定となる。正逆転信号ＲＥＶ２は時
刻ｔ＝（５ｔｖ／２）〜（９Ｌ、／２）（ｔｖは１フィ
ールド時間、すなわちＮＴＳＣ方式の場合では１／６０
秒を示す）の間、Ｈレベルをとり、例えばステッピング
モータ８を正転させ、それ以外の時刻ではＬレベルをと
りステッピングモータ８を逆転させるように設定されて
いる。本実施例の場合状況に応して補助振動の振幅を可
変としているが、これは振動周期は一定にてクロック周
波数’ＣＫを変化させることにより実現される。Next, the auxiliary vibration control method and its effects in this embodiment will be explained using FIG. A and b in FIG. 6 are clock signals C for auxiliary vibration output from the lens control section 6, respectively.
K2 and the time waveforms of the forward/reverse rotation signal REV2. In this embodiment, the clock frequency of the clock signal CK2 is constant (fCK (Hz)), and therefore the driving speed of the stepping motor is also constant. The forward/reverse signal REV2 is at time t=(5tv/2) to (9L,/2) (tv is one field time, that is, 1/60 in the case of the NTSC system.
seconds), it is set to an H level, for example, to cause the stepping motor 8 to rotate forward, and at other times, it is set to an L level, to rotate the stepping motor 8 in the reverse direction. In this embodiment, the amplitude of the auxiliary vibration is made variable depending on the situation, but this is achieved by changing the clock frequency 'CK while keeping the vibration period constant.
以上説明をしたようなりロック信号ＣＫ２．および正逆
転信号ＲＥＶ２を受けたモータ駆動部２０によりステッ
ピングモータ８は、ズームレンズ１８の第４群１８ｄを
現在位置（Ｌｏ）の前後に振幅ＬＡにて振動させる。第
６図のＣにこの時間波形を図示する。第４レンズ群１８
ｄの位置変位Ｌ （ｔ）が最大となるのは、
ｔ＝ （２に−１）−ｔｖ
（ｋは正の整数）
の時刻であり、その絶対値は（ΔＬ）：ΔＬ＝α・ｆ
・ｔ
ＣＫ Ｖ
である。ここでαはステッピングモータ８が１クロツク
にて第４レンズ群１８ｄを駆動する移動量である。As explained above, lock signal CK2. In response to the forward/reverse signal REV2, the stepping motor 8 causes the fourth group 18d of the zoom lens 18 to vibrate at an amplitude LA around the current position (Lo). This time waveform is illustrated in FIG. 6C. Fourth lens group 18
The positional displacement L (t) of d reaches its maximum at the time of t = (2 to 1) - tv (k is a positive integer), and its absolute value is (ΔL): ΔL = α・f
・t CK V . Here, α is the amount of movement of the stepping motor 8 to drive the fourth lens group 18d in one clock.
また補助振動時の焦点検出手段５で生成するゲートされ
た輝度信号の高周波成分（上記Ｃ６）、および焦点電圧
ｖＦ（ｔ）の時間応答波形を第４図のｃ、ｄに各々示す
。Further, the time response waveforms of the high frequency component (above C6) of the gated luminance signal generated by the focus detection means 5 during auxiliary vibration and the focus voltage vF(t) are shown in c and d of FIG. 4, respectively.
レンズ制御部６は現在位置し。よりの位置変位Ｌ（ｔ）
が前後方向に最大となる時刻の対（例えばｔ＝３ｔｖと
も一５ｔｖ）におけるピーク検波器８の出力する焦点電
圧値■Ｆ（ｔ）を比較することにより合焦方向を決定す
る。すなわち第６図のｅに示すように、いまＶＦ （
３ｔ、） −Ｖ、、 がＶＦ （５ｔＶ）−ＶＦ３よ
り大であるとすると、レンズ制御部１９はｔ＝３ｔｖに
おける変位の方向、すなわち変位Ｌ（ｔ）を増大させる
方向に第４レンズ群１８ｄを駆動するよう合焦点方向を
決定する。The lens control unit 6 is currently located. Positional displacement L(t)
The focusing direction is determined by comparing the focal voltage value F(t) output from the peak detector 8 at a pair of times (for example, t=3 tv and 15 tv) at which F(t) is maximum in the longitudinal direction. That is, as shown in Fig. 6e, now VF (
3t, ) −V, , is larger than VF (5tV)−VF3, the lens control unit 19 moves the fourth lens group 18d in the direction of displacement at t=3tv, that is, in the direction of increasing the displacement L(t). Determine the direction of the focused point to drive.
一般に撮影レンズの一部を移動する際に、この移動に伴
って憑像画像の大きさが変化する「画角変化」が発生す
る。従って、補助振動のようにレンズの一部を振動させ
ると画角変化が認識され画像の品位を劣化させてしまう
場合がある。しかしながら、本実施例では焦点調節のた
めのレンズ移動部を弱い結像作用を有するレンズ群の後
方に設置され、結像作用を存する第４レンズ群１８ｄと
しているため、ＡＦ補助振動を実施しても画角変化が少
なく、ＵＷ Ｓ６されにくい。Generally, when a part of the photographing lens is moved, a "field angle change" occurs in which the size of the captured image changes due to this movement. Therefore, when a part of the lens is vibrated as in auxiliary vibration, a change in the angle of view may be recognized and the quality of the image may be degraded. However, in this embodiment, the lens moving part for focus adjustment is installed behind the lens group that has a weak imaging effect, and the fourth lens group 18d that has an imaging effect is used, so AF auxiliary vibration is not performed. There is also little change in the angle of view, making it difficult to see UW S6.
また、ＡＦ補助振動の実施中においては当然振動に伴う
ボケが発生ずるが、本発明に置いてはこれを充分目立た
なくすることが可能である。すなわち、本実施例におい
てＡＦ補助振動の振動周期を（１／数１０）オン度に設
定し、振動振幅を撮影レンズの被写界深度程度に設定す
ることが可能である。従って、ＡＦ補助振動中の振動に
伴うボケに対する認識感度が低くなることが期待できる
。Furthermore, while the AF auxiliary vibration is being performed, blurring naturally occurs due to the vibration, but the present invention can make this sufficiently inconspicuous. That is, in this embodiment, it is possible to set the vibration period of the AF auxiliary vibration to (1/10) on degree and set the vibration amplitude to approximately the depth of field of the photographing lens. Therefore, it can be expected that the recognition sensitivity for blur accompanying vibration during AF auxiliary vibration will be lowered.
この第２の実施例では簡単な構成にて合焦方向の判別が
可能で、常に安定で応答性の良好な自動焦点調節が実現
できる。In this second embodiment, it is possible to determine the focusing direction with a simple configuration, and it is possible to realize automatic focusing that is always stable and has good responsiveness.
第３の実施例は上記第２の実施例と同し構成でレンズ制
御部より指令する補助振動のプロフィールの異なるもの
である。従って、以下の説明は第５図および第７図を用
いて実施する。The third embodiment has the same configuration as the second embodiment, but differs in the profile of the auxiliary vibration commanded from the lens control section. Therefore, the following description will be made using FIGS. 5 and 7.
第７図を用いて、第３の実施例の場合の補助振動動作を
説明する。第７図のａ、ｂは各々第５図のレンズ制御部
１９の出力するクロック信号ＣＫ２、正逆転信号ＲＥＶ
２の時間波形を示す、本実施例ではクロック信号ＣＫ２
のクロック周波数は一定（ｆｏＫ （Ｈｚ））であり、
従ってステッピングモータ８の駆動速度も一定となる（
駆動周波数を２’ＧＫ （ｐｐｓ）とする）。正逆転
信号ＲＥＶ２はＨ，Ｌ状態を繰り返し、その繰り返し毎
にその周期を２のべき乗で増大させている。すなわち第
７図のｂにおいて時刻１＝０〜ｔ、。The auxiliary vibration operation in the third embodiment will be explained using FIG. 7. a and b in FIG. 7 are a clock signal CK2 and a forward/reverse signal REV output from the lens control section 19 in FIG. 5, respectively.
In this embodiment, the clock signal CK2 shows the time waveform of CK2.
The clock frequency of is constant (foK (Hz)),
Therefore, the driving speed of the stepping motor 8 is also constant (
The driving frequency is 2'GK (pps)). The forward/reverse signal REV2 repeats the H and L states, and its period increases by a power of 2 each time it repeats. That is, in b of FIG. 7, time 1=0 to t.
ｔ３〜１６，１．〜Ｌ８の間はＬ状態をとり、例えばス
テッピングモータ８を正転させ、また時刻１＝１．〜１
．，１５〜Ｌ７の間はＩ］状態をとりステッピングモー
タ８を逆転させるよう設定されている。各時間間隔の設
定は以下のように成されている。t3-16,1. -L8, the L state is maintained, for example, the stepping motor 8 is rotated forward, and time 1=1. ~1
．． , 15 to L7, the stepping motor 8 is set to take the I] state and rotate the stepping motor 8 in the reverse direction. Settings for each time interval are made as follows.
ｔ、 ３＝ｎ ／ ｆ ＣＫ
−ｔ２＝ ｎ／ｆｏＫ
ｔ、−２−ｎ／ｆｏＫ
ｔ６＝２ ・ｎ／ｆｏＫ
（ｎは整数）
また１−１，以降についてもＨ，Ｌａ’態が２のべき乗
でその繰り返し周期が増大しながら交互に出力される。t, 3=n/f CK -t2= n/foK t, -2-n/foK t6=2 ・n/foK (n is an integer) Also, for 1-1 and after, H, La' state is 2 They are output alternately while increasing the repetition period by a power.
以上説明をしたようなりロック信号ＣＫ２．および正逆
転信号ＲＥＶ２を受けたモータ駆動部２０によりステッ
ピングモータ８は、ズームレンズ１８の第４レンズ群１
８ｄを停止位１１１ｆＬｏの前後に振動させる。第７図
のＣにこの第４レンズ群１８ｄの位置変位Ｌ （ｔ）の
時間波形を図示する。正逆転信号ＲＥＣ２のＨ，Ｌ状態
の繰り返し周期が２のべき乗で増大していくのに伴って
、位置変位Ｌ （ｔｌの振動振幅も２のべき乗で増大し
ていく。As explained above, lock signal CK2. The stepping motor 8 is driven by the motor drive unit 20 receiving the forward/reverse signal REV2 to the fourth lens group 1 of the zoom lens 18.
8d is vibrated back and forth from the stop position 111fLo. FIG. 7C shows the time waveform of the positional displacement L (t) of the fourth lens group 18d. As the repetition period of the H and L states of the forward/reverse signal REC2 increases by a power of 2, the vibration amplitude of the position displacement L (tl also increases by a power of 2).
レンズ制御部１９は現在位置Ｌ０よりの位置変位Ｌ （
ｔ）が最大となる時刻の対（同図ではり、と１３ ；１
５と１７）における焦点信号検出手段５の出力する焦点
電圧値■１を比較することにより合焦方向を決定する。The lens control unit 19 adjusts the positional displacement L from the current position L0 (
The pair of times at which t) is maximum (in the same figure, and 13 ; 1
The focusing direction is determined by comparing the focus voltage value (1) output from the focus signal detection means 5 in 5 and 17).
従って、例えば１＝１．およびｔ３における焦点信号Ｖ
Ｆの比較にて合焦方向が検出されると補助振動制御は直
ちに中断され、検出された方向にズームレンズ１８の第
４レンズ群１８ｄを移動させるとともに、山登り制御に
基づく自動焦点調節制御を再開する。Therefore, for example 1=1. and the focus signal V at t3
When the focusing direction is detected by comparing F, the auxiliary vibration control is immediately interrupted, the fourth lens group 18d of the zoom lens 18 is moved in the detected direction, and the automatic focus adjustment control based on the hill climbing control is restarted. do.
発明の効果
このように本発明は、必要に応じて撮影レンズの焦点位
置をその現在位置の前後に振動させ、その時点での合焦
方向を検出するとともに、ビデオカメラの映像信号をも
とに撮影レンズのピント位置を演算する焦点信号検出手
段の出力に基づき、ピント状態が最良と成る位置まで撮
影レンズの焦点位置を駆動するよう構成してあり、簡単
な構成にて安定でかつ応答性の良好な焦点調節を可能と
し、常に高品位な映像を提供するビデオカメラが実現で
きる。Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention vibrates the focal position of the photographing lens back and forth from its current position as necessary, detects the focusing direction at that point, and also vibrates the focal position of the photographing lens back and forth from its current position as needed. Based on the output of the focus signal detection means that calculates the focus position of the photographic lens, the focal position of the photographic lens is driven to the position where the focus state is best. A video camera that enables good focus adjustment and always provides high-quality images can be realized.
以上、詳細に説明したように本発明は自動焦点調節に極
めて優れた効果を便するものである。As described above in detail, the present invention provides extremely excellent effects on automatic focus adjustment.
第１図は本発明の第１の実施例を示すブロック図、第２
図は本発明のビデオカメラが具備している自動焦点調節
装置の動作アルゴリズムを示すフロー図、第３図は第１
の実施例の一構成要素である焦点信号検出装置の具体的
な実現手段を示すブロック図、第４図は第１の実施例の
備える自動焦点調節装置の実行する補助振動の実行手段
、およびその時合焦方向が検出される過程を説明する模
式図、第５図は本発明の第２．第３の実施例の構成を示
すブロック図、第６図は第２．第３の実施例の実行する
補助振動の実行手段、およびそのとき合焦方向が検出さ
れる過程を説明する模式図、第７図は第３の実施例の実
行する補助振動の実行手段、およびその時の補助振動の
プロフィールを示す模式図である。
ｌ、１８・・・・・・ズームレンズ、２・・・・・・被
写体、３・・・・・・ＣＣＤ、４・・・・・・カメラプ
ロセス回路、５・・・・・・焦点信号検出手段、６．１
９・・・・・・レンズ制御部、７．２０・・・・・・モ
ータ駆動部、８・・・・・・ステッピングモータ、９，
２１・・・・・・伝達機構、１０・・・・・・振動体、
１１・・・・・・ピエゾ駆動部、１２・・・・・・絞り
機構、１３・・・・・・絞り制御部、１４・・・・・・
絞り値検出部、１５・・・・・・帯域増幅器、１６・・
・・・・ゲート部、１７・・・・・・ピーク検波器。
第
図
第
図
第
図
第
図
夕FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention;
The figure is a flowchart showing the operation algorithm of the automatic focus adjustment device included in the video camera of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a concrete implementation means of the focus signal detection device which is a component of the first embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of detecting the focusing direction. A block diagram showing the configuration of the third embodiment, FIG. 6, is a block diagram showing the configuration of the third embodiment. A schematic diagram illustrating the auxiliary vibration execution means executed in the third embodiment and the process by which the focusing direction is detected at that time. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the auxiliary vibration execution means executed in the third embodiment, and It is a schematic diagram which shows the profile of auxiliary vibration at that time. l, 18...zoom lens, 2...subject, 3...CCD, 4...camera process circuit, 5...focus signal Detection means, 6.1
9...Lens control unit, 7.20...Motor drive unit, 8...Stepping motor, 9,
21... Transmission mechanism, 10... Vibrating body,
11... Piezo drive unit, 12... Aperture mechanism, 13... Aperture control unit, 14...
Aperture value detection section, 15...Band amplifier, 16...
...Gate section, 17...Peak detector. Figure Figure Figure Figure Evening
Claims (19)
光−電気変換する撮像素子と、その撮像素子出力に一定
の信号処理を施した映像信号を出力するカメラプロセス
回路と、前記カメラプロセス回路にて生成される前記映
像信号より前記撮影レンズのピント状態に対応した焦点
信号を演算する焦点信号検出手段と、前記撮影レンズの
一部であって、ピント調節機能を有する焦点調節用レン
ズ部を前記撮影レンズの光軸上に沿って移動させピント
調節を行うレンズ駆動手段と、前記撮影レンズの焦点位
置をその現在位置の前後に振動させる補助振動を実行さ
せる補助振動制御部と、前記補助振動制御部に補助振動
を実行させる指令を与えるとともに、前記焦点信号検出
手段が出力する前記焦点信号レベルの変化により前記被
写体のピント状態を検出し、この検出結果に基づき前記
レンズ駆動手段に前記焦点調節用レンズ部を駆動すべき
方向、駆動速度あるいは停止を指示するレンズ制御部と
を含んで成り、前記レンズ制御部は前記補助振動を実施
させ、ピント状態が改善される方向、すなわち合焦方向
を検出するとともに、前記焦点信号検出手段の検出結果
に基づきピント状態が最良と成る位置まで前記焦点調節
用レンズ部を駆動する山登り制御を実施する自動焦点調
節装置を備えていることを特徴とするビデオカメラ。(1) An image sensor that performs optical-to-electrical conversion of an optical signal of a subject image obtained through a photographic lens, a camera process circuit that outputs a video signal obtained by performing certain signal processing on the output of the image sensor, and the camera process circuit. a focus signal detection means for calculating a focus signal corresponding to the focus state of the photographic lens from the video signal generated by the circuit; and a focus adjustment lens section that is a part of the photographic lens and has a focus adjustment function. an auxiliary vibration control unit that executes auxiliary vibration that vibrates the focal position of the photographic lens back and forth from its current position; A command is given to the vibration control section to execute auxiliary vibration, and the focus state of the subject is detected based on a change in the focus signal level output by the focus signal detection means, and based on this detection result, the lens drive means is set to the focus state. The lens control unit includes a lens control unit that instructs the direction in which the adjustment lens unit should be driven, the driving speed, or the stop, and the lens control unit causes the auxiliary vibration to be performed and determines the direction in which the focusing state is improved, that is, the focusing direction. The present invention is characterized by comprising an automatic focus adjustment device that performs hill-climbing control for driving the focus adjustment lens section to a position where the focus state is best based on the detection result of the focus signal detection means. Video camera.
生成される映像信号の内、一定値以上の周波数成分を抽
出し、これより前記撮影レンズのピント状態に対応した
焦点信号を演算することを特徴とする請求項（１）記載
のビデオカメラ。(2) The focus signal detection means extracts a frequency component of a certain value or more from the video signal generated by the video camera circuit, and calculates a focus signal corresponding to the focus state of the photographing lens from this. The video camera according to claim 1, characterized in that:
生成される前記映像信号の内、一定値以上の周波数成分
を抽出し、その周波数成分のレベルの１フィールド期間
における最大値を演算、保持し、これを焦点信号とし、
レンズ制御部は前記焦点信号検出手段が出力する焦点信
号と自身が保持する少なくとも１フィールド以前の前記
焦点信号との差分を演算することにより前記被写体のピ
ント状態を検出することを特徴とする請求項（１）記載
のビデオカメラ。(3) The focus signal detection means extracts a frequency component of a certain value or more from the video signal generated by the video camera circuit, calculates and holds the maximum value of the level of the frequency component in one field period. and use this as the focal signal,
The lens control section detects the focus state of the subject by calculating the difference between the focus signal output by the focus signal detection means and the focus signal held by the lens control section at least one field before. The video camera described in (1).
に振動させることにより補助振動を実行することを特徴
とする請求項（１）記載のビデオカメラ。(4) The video camera according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary vibration control section executes the auxiliary vibration by vibrating the image sensor back and forth from its current position.
ンズ制御１部が前記レンズ駆動手段を介して焦点調節用
レンズ部をその現在位置の前後に振動させることにより
補助振動を実行することを特徴とする請求項（１）記載
のビデオカメラ。(5) The auxiliary vibration control section is also used as the lens drive means, and the lens control section 1 executes the auxiliary vibration by vibrating the focusing lens section back and forth from its current position via the lens drive means. The video camera according to claim (1).
倍の周期で撮影レンズの焦点位置をその現在位置の前後
に振動させ、焦点信号検出手段は前記撮影レンズの焦点
の現在位置およびその前後位置で、各１フィールド期間
における前記焦点信号を検出することを特徴とする請求
項（１）記載のビデオカメラ。(6) The auxiliary vibration control section vibrates the focal position of the photographing lens back and forth from its current position at a cycle that is an integral multiple of the vertical synchronization period of the video signal, and the focus signal detection means detects the current position of the focal point of the photographic lens and its 2. The video camera according to claim 1, wherein the focus signal is detected in each one field period at front and rear positions.
され前記自動焦点調節が始動された場合、レンズ駆動手
段に先ず補助振動を実行させ合焦方向を検出した後、山
登り動作を実行させることを特徴とする請求項（１）記
載のビデオカメラ。(7) When power is supplied to the automatic focus adjustment device and the automatic focus adjustment is started, the lens control unit 1 causes the lens driving means to first perform auxiliary vibration, detect the focusing direction, and then perform a hill climbing operation. The video camera according to claim 1, characterized in that:
焦し自動焦点調節を一旦完了した後、被写体やビデオカ
メラが移動し自動焦点調節を再始動する場合、レンズ駆
動手段に先ず補助振動を実行させ合焦方向を検出した後
、山登り動作を実行させることを特徴とする請求項（１
）記載のビデオカメラ。(8) After the photographic lens is focused by the mountain climbing motion and automatic focus adjustment is once completed, when the subject or video camera moves and restarts automatic focus adjustment, the lens control unit first applies auxiliary vibration to the lens drive means. Claim (1) characterized in that after detecting the focusing direction, the mountain-climbing motion is performed.
) Video camera listed.
焦し自動焦点調節を一旦完了した後、再度焦点信号が一
定レベル以上変化した場合、レンズ駆動手段に先ず補助
振動を実行させ合焦方向を検出した後、山登り動作を実
行させることを特徴とする請求項（１）または（８）の
いずれかに記載のビデオカメラ。(9) After the photographing lens is focused by the mountain climbing operation and automatic focus adjustment has been completed, if the focus signal changes again by more than a certain level, the lens control section first causes the lens drive means to perform auxiliary vibration to change the focusing direction. The video camera according to claim 1 or 8, wherein the video camera performs a mountain climbing operation after the detection.
を一旦完了した後、レンズ駆動手段に補助振動を継続的
に実行させ、被写体やビデオカメラの移動を監視し続け
、その後焦点信号検出手段の検出する焦点信号が一定レ
ベル以上変化し、自動焦点調節を再始動する必要がある
場合、補助振動により合焦方向を検出した後、山登り動
作を実行させることを特徴とする請求項（１）記載のビ
デオカメラ。(10) After the lens control unit once completes automatic focus adjustment by the mountain climbing operation, the lens drive unit continuously performs auxiliary vibration, continues to monitor the movement of the subject and the video camera, and then detects the focus signal detection unit. According to claim (1), when the focus signal changed by a certain level or more and it is necessary to restart the automatic focus adjustment, the mountain climbing operation is performed after detecting the focus direction by auxiliary vibration. Video camera.
動作を中断させ補助振動を実行させ合焦方向を確認した
上で、再び前記山登り動作を実行させることを特徴とす
る請求項（１）記載のビデオカメラ。(11) The lens control section is characterized in that during the mountain climbing operation, the lens control section interrupts the mountain climbing operation for a certain period of time, performs auxiliary vibration, confirms the focusing direction, and then performs the mountain climbing operation again. video camera.
検出する焦点信号が一定レベル以上に達した場合、一定
時間山登り動作を中断させ補助振動を実行させ合焦方向
を確認した上で、再び前記山登り動作を実行させること
を特徴とする請求項（１１）記載のビデオカメラ。(12) During the mountain climbing operation, if the focus signal detected by the focus detection means reaches a certain level or more, the lens control section interrupts the mountain climbing operation for a certain period of time, performs auxiliary vibration, confirms the focusing direction, and then restarts the mountain climbing operation. The video camera according to claim 11, characterized in that the mountain climbing motion is executed.
おり、その振幅値の中よりまず最小の振幅値にて焦点調
節用レンズ部をその現在位置の前後に少なくとも１往復
だけ振動させ、次に自身が具備した振幅値について順次
大きなものに切り替えながら各振幅値について焦点調節
用レンズ部をその現在位置の前後に少なくとも１往復だ
け振動させる動作を次々と実施し、前記一定値以上の周
波数成分が増大する方向が検出された時点でこの補助振
動動作を完了させることを特徴とする請求項（１）記載
のビデオカメラ。(13) The lens control unit is provided with a plurality of amplitude values in advance, and first vibrates the focus adjusting lens unit at least one round trip back and forth from its current position using the minimum amplitude value among the amplitude values. Next, the focusing lens part is vibrated back and forth at least once before and after its current position for each amplitude value while sequentially increasing the amplitude value, and The video camera according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary vibration operation is completed when the direction in which the frequency component increases is detected.
おり、補助振動の振幅値は被写体の照度に対応して前記
複数個の振幅値より１個選択され、設定されることを特
徴とする請求項（１）記載のビデオカメラ。(14) The lens control unit is provided with a plurality of amplitude values in advance, and the amplitude value of the auxiliary vibration is selected from the plurality of amplitude values and set in accordance with the illuminance of the subject. The video camera according to claim (1).
おり、補助振動の振幅値は撮影レンズの具備する絞りの
開口に対応して前記複数個の振幅値より１個選択され、
設定されることを特徴とする請求項（１）記載のビデオ
カメラ。(15) The lens control unit is provided with a plurality of amplitude values in advance, and one amplitude value of the auxiliary vibration is selected from the plurality of amplitude values corresponding to the aperture of the aperture provided in the photographing lens;
The video camera according to claim 1, characterized in that:
おり、補助振動の振幅値は焦点検出手段の検出する一定
値以上の周波数成分のレベルに対応して前記複数個の振
幅値より１個選択され、設定されることを特徴とする請
求項（１）記載のビデオカメラ。(16) The lens control unit is provided with a plurality of amplitude values in advance, and the amplitude value of the auxiliary vibration is selected from the plurality of amplitude values in response to the level of the frequency component of a certain value or more detected by the focus detection means. The video camera according to claim 1, wherein one video camera is selected and set.
持つ第１レンズ群と、負の屈折力を持ち変倍作用を有す
る第２レンズ群と、前記第１レンズ群と第２レンズ群と
の合成屈折力を一定値以下に打ち消す屈折力を持つ第３
レンズ群と、正の屈折力を持ち結像作用を有する第４レ
ンズ群とから成るズームレンズであることを特徴とする
請求項（１）記載のビデオカメラ。(17) The photographing lens includes, in order from the object side, a first lens group having a positive refractive power, a second lens group having a negative refractive power and having a variable magnification effect, the first lens group and the second lens. The third lens has a refractive power that cancels out the combined refractive power with the group below a certain value.
2. The video camera according to claim 1, wherein the video camera is a zoom lens comprising a lens group and a fourth lens group having a positive refractive power and an imaging function.
ンズ群の一部、ないしは全部にて構成されることを特徴
とする請求項（１）または（１７）のいずれかに記載の
ビデオカメラ。(18) The lens unit for adjusting the focus is constituted by a part or all of the second, third and fourth lens groups, according to any one of claims (1) and (17). Video camera.
いしは全部にて構成されることを特徴とする請求項（１
）または（１７）のいずれかに記載のビデオカメラ。(19) Claim (1) characterized in that the focusing lens section is constituted by a part or all of the fourth lens group.
) or (17).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63248198A JPH0783447B2 (en) | 1987-10-08 | 1988-09-30 | Automatic focusing method and video camera using the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62-254199 | 1987-10-08 | ||
| JP25419987 | 1987-10-08 | ||
| JP63-207604 | 1988-08-22 | ||
| JP20760488 | 1988-08-22 | ||
| JP63248198A JPH0783447B2 (en) | 1987-10-08 | 1988-09-30 | Automatic focusing method and video camera using the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02140074A true JPH02140074A (en) | 1990-05-29 |
| JPH0783447B2 JPH0783447B2 (en) | 1995-09-06 |
Family
ID=27328779
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63248198A Expired - Fee Related JPH0783447B2 (en) | 1987-10-08 | 1988-09-30 | Automatic focusing method and video camera using the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0783447B2 (en) |
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| JP2008051871A (en) * | 2006-08-22 | 2008-03-06 | Nikon Corp | Automatic focusing device |
| US7616253B2 (en) | 2005-11-28 | 2009-11-10 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Optical apparatus |
| JP2010243922A (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2010-10-28 | Canon Inc | Imaging apparatus and method of controlling the same |
| US8564713B2 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2013-10-22 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image pickup apparatus that makes movement of focus lens inconspicuous, and control method for the image pickup apparatus |
| US9451145B2 (en) | 2010-11-25 | 2016-09-20 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image capturing apparatus including an image sensor that has pixels for detecting a phase difference and control method for the same |
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| US9451145B2 (en) | 2010-11-25 | 2016-09-20 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image capturing apparatus including an image sensor that has pixels for detecting a phase difference and control method for the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0783447B2 (en) | 1995-09-06 |
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