JPH0154696B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0154696B2 JPH0154696B2 JP60213140A JP21314085A JPH0154696B2 JP H0154696 B2 JPH0154696 B2 JP H0154696B2 JP 60213140 A JP60213140 A JP 60213140A JP 21314085 A JP21314085 A JP 21314085A JP H0154696 B2 JPH0154696 B2 JP H0154696B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- parts
- charge
- amino
- developer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004209 (C1-C8) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- GWIAAIUASRVOIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C(N)=CC=C21 GWIAAIUASRVOIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- VJGNLOIQCWLBJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl(tributyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 VJGNLOIQCWLBJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HTZCNXWZYVXIMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl(triethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 HTZCNXWZYVXIMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OSNILPMOSNGHLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-methoxy-3-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]ethanone Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C(C)=O)C=C1CN1CCCCC1 OSNILPMOSNGHLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWLHAQYOFMQTHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-N-[8-[[8-(4-aminoanilino)-10-phenylphenazin-10-ium-2-yl]amino]-10-phenylphenazin-10-ium-2-yl]-8-N,10-diphenylphenazin-10-ium-2,8-diamine hydroxy-oxido-dioxochromium Chemical compound O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.Nc1ccc(Nc2ccc3nc4ccc(Nc5ccc6nc7ccc(Nc8ccc9nc%10ccc(Nc%11ccccc%11)cc%10[n+](-c%10ccccc%10)c9c8)cc7[n+](-c7ccccc7)c6c5)cc4[n+](-c4ccccc4)c3c2)cc1 FWLHAQYOFMQTHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFYSUUPKMDJYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-3-oxo-n-phenylbutanamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=O)C(C(=O)C)N=NC1=CC=C(C)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O MFYSUUPKMDJYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLODBJFGDRTQBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C(C)=C ZLODBJFGDRTQBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IICCLYANAQEHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-3',6'-dihydroxy-2',4',5',7'-tetraiodospiro[2-benzofuran-3,9'-xanthene]-1-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)C(C(=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2Cl)Cl)=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21 IICCLYANAQEHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXCMFQDTWCCLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=C(O)C=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C2=C1 RXCMFQDTWCCLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRDIEHDJWYRVPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=C2C(N)=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C2=C1 LRDIEHDJWYRVPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTYGHBQHZQTZTL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonate;benzyl(tributyl)azanium Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C2=C1.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KTYGHBQHZQTZTL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XURABDHWIADCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-prop-2-enylhepta-1,6-diene Chemical compound C=CCC(CC=C)CC=C XURABDHWIADCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQNAQOYOSRJXFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=C1S(O)(=O)=O DQNAQOYOSRJXFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLDABBRVDVXQPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-amino-6-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C2C(N)=C(O)C=CC2=C1 VLDABBRVDVXQPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWPJYQYRSWYIGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-aminonaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=C1 UWPJYQYRSWYIGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUNBHHWDQDGWHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC2=CC(N)=CC=C21 YUNBHHWDQDGWHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SEMRCUIXRUXGJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-aminonaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=CC2=CC(N)=CC=C21 SEMRCUIXRUXGJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYARBIJYVGJZLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-amino-4-hydroxy-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OC1=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=CC2=CC(N)=CC=C21 KYARBIJYVGJZLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYVOTMMSGKWFPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C2=CC(N)=CC=C21 FYVOTMMSGKWFPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GGZZISOUXJHYOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=C1O GGZZISOUXJHYOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYJJLCDCWVZEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=C1 CYJJLCDCWVZEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEZZCWMQXHXAFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-aminonaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=C1 QEZZCWMQXHXAFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001692 EU approved anti-caking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKIZCWYLBDKLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M N,N,N-Trimethylmethanaminium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)C OKIZCWYLBDKLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Stearyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001000 anthraquinone dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L azure blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[S-]S[S-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KXHPPCXNWTUNSB-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KXHPPCXNWTUNSB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WYGNBVTVUNAFBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl-dimethyl-octadecylazanium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WYGNBVTVUNAFBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PXFDQFDPXWHEEP-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl-dimethyl-octylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 PXFDQFDPXWHEEP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DFYKHEXCUQCPEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C DFYKHEXCUQCPEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000664 diazo group Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYXSBFYARXAAKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-[3-(ethylamino)-6-ethylimino-2,7-dimethylxanthen-9-yl]benzoate;hydron;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=2C=C(C)C(NCC)=CC=2OC2=CC(=[NH+]CC)C(C)=CC2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC VYXSBFYARXAAKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001056 green pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)iron;iron Chemical compound [Fe].O[Fe]=O.O[Fe]=O UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
- MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead chromate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NYGZLYXAPMMJTE-UHFFFAOYSA-M metanil yellow Chemical group [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC(N=NC=2C=CC(NC=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)=C1 NYGZLYXAPMMJTE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YLGXILFCIXHCMC-JHGZEJCSSA-N methyl cellulose Chemical compound COC1C(OC)C(OC)C(COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1C(OC)C(OC)C(OC)OC1COC YLGXILFCIXHCMC-JHGZEJCSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- NRZRRZAVMCAKEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthionic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C2=C1 NRZRRZAVMCAKEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014366 other mixer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012736 patent blue V Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001007 phthalocyanine dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930187593 rose bengal Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229940081623 rose bengal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- STRXNPAVPKGJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N rose bengal A Natural products O1C(=O)C(C(=CC=C2Cl)Cl)=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21 STRXNPAVPKGJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWSRMCCRAJUMLX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C2=C1 JWSRMCCRAJUMLX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- SFVFIFLLYFPGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-M stearalkonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 SFVFIFLLYFPGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005792 styrene-acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013799 ultramarine blue Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
- G03G9/09733—Organic compounds
- G03G9/09741—Organic compounds cationic
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
- G03G9/09733—Organic compounds
- G03G9/0975—Organic compounds anionic
Description
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、電子写真、静電記録及び静電印刷等
における静電潜像を現像するための、新規な乾式
正荷電トナーに関するものである。
［従来の技術］
元来、静電潜像は、その静電引力で以つてトナ
ーを付着せしめることにより、現像して可視化す
ることができるが、この静電潜像の現像剤とし
て、液体現像剤の他に粉末現像剤が、広く用いら
れている。
この粉末現像剤は、天然樹脂または合成樹脂に
着色剤、荷電制御剤、流動化剤等を分散させた平
均粒径15μmの微細トナーと、100〜200μmの鉄粉
またはフエライト粉等のキヤリアとの混合物より
成る２成分系現像剤と、天然樹脂または合成樹脂
に着色剤、荷電制御剤、流動化剤等を分散させた
平均粒径15μmの微細トナーのみにより成る１成
分系現像剤とに大別することができる。
２成分系現像剤は、キヤリアとの摩擦により荷
電せしめたトナーを静電潜像に付着せしめること
により現像を達成するものであり、１成分系現像
剤には、キヤリアの代りにこれと同様の機能を有
するブラシ状、板状の摩擦部材との摩擦によつて
荷電されるトナーが知られており、又最近、磁性
体微粉末を分散状態に保ち、該磁性体微粉末との
相互摩擦によつて荷電されるトナーがしられてい
る。而して、これらの現像用トナーは、現像され
る静電潜像の極性に応じて、正または負の電荷が
保たれる。
トナーに該電荷を保有せしめるためには、トナ
ーの主成分である樹脂の摩擦帯電性を利用するこ
とも提案されているが、この方法ではトナーの荷
電性が小さく、かつ、固体表面抵抗値が大きいた
め、得られた画像はかぶり易く、不鮮明なものと
なる。また、正の電荷を保有せしめるために、樹
脂にある種の官能基を導入したものがあるが、熱
定着時にその官能基による不快臭を発生したり、
荷電量のばらつきが大きいという欠点がある。そ
こで所望の摩擦帯電性をトナーに付与するため
に、荷電を付与する染料、顔料、更には荷電制御
剤なるものを添加することが行なわれており、今
日、当該技術分野でトナーに正電荷を付与する場
合に実用されているものとしては、特公昭41―
2427号公報等に示されているニグロシン系染料、
米国特許第3565654号公報等に開示された第４級
アンモニウム塩および特公昭53―13284号に開示
されたポリアミン樹脂等がある。
［発明が解決しようとする問題点］
しかしながら、従来実用されている如上の荷電
制御剤の多くは、有色であるため、黒色のトナー
組成物には適しているが、カラーのトナー組成物
には適していない。また、無色の荷電制御剤とし
て提供されている前記第４級アンモニウム塩は、
水可溶性であり、トナー中に均一に分散せしめる
ことが困難であり、付与された帯電が不均一にな
り易く、さらに、たとえばトナーが現像剤調製初
期に高い荷電性を持つていても、保管条件により
指数関数的に減衰し、特に、温度が高く、湿度が
高いと、減衰は著しく大きいという欠点がある。
而して、如上の欠点を改良せんとした荷電制御剤
として、たとえば、特開昭56―11461、特開昭57
―54953、特開昭57―119364、特開昭58―9154お
よび特開昭58―98742等が開示されているが、こ
れらの研究開発にも拘らず、十分に満足できるも
のが見出されていないのが実状である。
［問題点を解決するための手段］
本発明者らは、樹脂成分との分散性が良好で、
溶融練肉が充分出来る温度まで熱安定性を有し、
種々な環境条件下において日時を経ても殆ど荷電
性に減衰がなく、しかも無色の物質で、トナーに
正荷電を付与することが出来る化合物について鋭
意研究した結果、次の一般式
（式中、R1は、C1〜C8のアルキル基またはベ
ンジル基、R2およびR3は、それぞれC1〜C18のア
ルキル基、R4は、C1〜C18のアルキル基またはベ
ンジル基、Ｙは、水素またはOH基を示す。）
で表わされるところの第４級アンモニウム塩と置
換基を有してもよいアミノナフタレンスルホン酸
との造塩化合物が、無色または実質的に無色とみ
なし得る程度に淡色で、熱安定性及び粉砕性が良
く、樹脂との相溶性も優れ、荷電制御剤としてト
ナーに用いられたときは、均質な荷電粒子が得ら
れ、環境の変化に強くて、耐久性の優れたトナー
を作り得ることを見出し、以て本発明を完成した
ものである。
［実施例］
本発明に係る一般式［］で表わされる静電荷
像現像用トナーは、次の一般式
（式中、R1は、C1〜C8のアルキル基またはベ
ンジル基、R2およびR3は、それぞれC1〜C18のア
ルキル基、R4は、C1〜C18のアルキル基またはベ
ンジル基、Ｘは、アニオンを示す。）
で表わされる第４級アンモニウム塩、並びに次の
一般式
（式中、Ｙは、水素またはOH基を示す。）で
表わされるOH基を有してもよいアミノナフタレ
ンスルホン酸を公知の方法で造塩化することによ
り、合成される。
上記一般式［］で表わされる第４級アンモニ
ウム塩を例示すると、テトラメチルアンモニウム
クロライド、ベンジルトリメチルアンモニウムク
ロライド、ステアリルトリメチルアンモニウムク
ロライド、ベンジルトリエチルアンモニウムクロ
ライド、ベンジルトリブチルアンモニウムクロラ
イド、テトラブチルアンモニウムブロマイド、ジ
ベンジルジメチルアンモニウムクロライド、ベン
ジルオクチルジメチルアンモニウムクロライド等
が挙げられる。
上記一般式［］で表わされるOH基を有して
もよいアミノナフタレンスルホン酸を例示する
と、８―アミノ―１―ナフタレンスルホン酸、２
―アミノ―１―ナフタレンスルホン酸、４―アミ
ノ―１―ナフタレンスルホン酸、５―アミノ―１
―ナフタレンスルホン酸、６―アミノ―１―ナフ
タレンスルホン酸、７―アミノ―１―ナフタレン
スルホン酸、５―アミノ―２―ナフタレンスルホ
ン酸、６―アミノ―２―ナフタレンスルホン酸、
８―アミノ―２―ナフタレンスルホン酸、４―ア
ミノ―１―ナフトール―２―スルホン酸、５―ア
ミノ―１―ナフトール―３―スルホン酸、６―ア
ミノ―１―ナフトール―３―スルホン酸、８―ア
ミノ―１―ナフトール―５―スルホン酸、１―ア
ミノ―２―ナフトール―４―スルホン酸、１―ア
ミノ―２―ナフトール―６―スルホン酸、５―ア
ミノ―２―ナフトール―７―スルホン酸等が挙げ
られる。
合成例
（ベンジルトリブチルアンモニウム―４―アミ
ノ―１―ナフタレンスルホン酸塩の合成）
ベンジルトリブチルアンモニウムクロライド50
％水溶液62ｇを水80mlで稀釈し、かきまぜなが
ら、該稀釈液に、室温にて、４―アミノ―１―ナ
フタレンスルホン酸ナトリウム24.5ｇを水500ml
に溶かした溶液を滴下する。次いで、約80℃まで
昇温し１時間反応を行なつた。かきまぜながら約
30℃まで冷却し、濾過、水洗乾燥して、m.p.128
〜133℃、白色の粉末44ｇを得た。
次に、本発明に係る一般式［］で表わされる
造塩化合物の具体例を、以下に例示する。
[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a novel dry positively charged toner for developing electrostatic latent images in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, electrostatic printing, and the like. [Prior Art] Originally, an electrostatic latent image can be developed and visualized by adhering toner using its electrostatic attraction, but liquid developer is used as a developer for this electrostatic latent image. Powder developers are also widely used. This powder developer consists of a fine toner with an average particle size of 15 μm, which is made by dispersing colorants, charge control agents, fluidizing agents, etc. in natural or synthetic resin, and a carrier such as iron powder or ferrite powder with a diameter of 100 to 200 μm. Broadly divided into two-component developers, which consist of a mixture, and one-component developers, which consist only of fine toner with an average particle size of 15 μm, which is made by dispersing colorants, charge control agents, fluidizing agents, etc. in natural or synthetic resins. can do. A two-component developer achieves development by attaching charged toner to an electrostatic latent image through friction with a carrier, and a one-component developer uses a similar type of toner instead of a carrier. Toner is known to be charged by friction with a functional brush-like or plate-like friction member, and recently, toner has been developed to keep magnetic fine powder in a dispersed state and to prevent mutual friction with the magnetic fine powder. Toner is known to be electrically charged. Therefore, these developing toners maintain a positive or negative charge depending on the polarity of the electrostatic latent image to be developed. In order to make the toner retain this charge, it has been proposed to utilize the triboelectricity of resin, which is the main component of the toner, but this method requires that the toner has a small chargeability and a solid surface resistance value of Because of the large size, the resulting image tends to be foggy and unclear. In addition, some resins have certain functional groups introduced to them in order to retain a positive charge, but these functional groups may generate unpleasant odors during heat fixing.
The drawback is that the amount of charge varies widely. Therefore, in order to impart the desired triboelectric charging properties to the toner, dyes, pigments, and even charge control agents that impart a charge are added to the toner. The one that is in practical use when granting is
Nigrosine dyes shown in Publication No. 2427, etc.
Examples include quaternary ammonium salts disclosed in US Pat. No. 3,565,654 and the like and polyamine resins disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 13284/1984. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, most of the above-mentioned charge control agents that have been put into practical use are colored and are therefore suitable for black toner compositions, but are not suitable for color toner compositions. Not suitable. Further, the quaternary ammonium salt provided as a colorless charge control agent is
It is water-soluble and difficult to uniformly disperse in the toner, and the applied charge tends to be uneven.Furthermore, even if the toner has a high chargeability at the initial stage of developer preparation, storage conditions The disadvantage is that the attenuation is exponential, and the attenuation is particularly large when the temperature and humidity are high.
Therefore, as charge control agents intended to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks, for example, JP-A-11461-11461 and JP-A-57
119364, 9154, and 98742, but despite these research and developments, nothing fully satisfactory has been found. The reality is that there is no such thing. [Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors have developed a method that has good dispersibility with the resin component,
It has thermal stability up to a temperature that is sufficient for making molten kneaded meat,
As a result of intensive research into a compound that is a colorless substance that exhibits almost no attenuation in chargeability over time under various environmental conditions and is capable of imparting a positive charge to toner, we have developed the following general formula: (In the formula, R 1 is a C 1 to C 8 alkyl group or a benzyl group, R 2 and R 3 are each a C 1 to C 18 alkyl group, and R 4 is a C 1 to C 18 alkyl group or A salt-forming compound of a quaternary ammonium salt represented by the benzyl group (Y represents hydrogen or an OH group) and aminonaphthalene sulfonic acid which may have a substituent is colorless or substantially colorless. It is light in color, has good thermal stability and crushability, and has excellent compatibility with resins. When used in toner as a charge control agent, it produces homogeneous charged particles and is resistant to changes in the environment. They discovered that it was possible to make a toner with excellent durability, and thus completed the present invention. [Example] The toner for developing an electrostatic image represented by the general formula [] according to the present invention has the following general formula: (In the formula, R 1 is a C 1 to C 8 alkyl group or a benzyl group, R 2 and R 3 are each a C 1 to C 18 alkyl group, and R 4 is a C 1 to C 18 alkyl group or benzyl group, X represents an anion), and the following general formula: (In the formula, Y represents hydrogen or an OH group.) It is synthesized by salt-forming aminonaphthalene sulfonic acid, which may have an OH group, by a known method. Examples of the quaternary ammonium salts represented by the above general formula [] are tetramethylammonium chloride, benzyltrimethylammonium chloride, stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, benzyltriethylammonium chloride, benzyltributylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium bromide, dibenzyldimethyl Examples include ammonium chloride, benzyl octyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and the like. Examples of aminonaphthalenesulfonic acids that may have an OH group represented by the above general formula [] are 8-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 2
-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 4-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 5-amino-1
-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 6-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 7-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 5-amino-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 6-amino-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid,
8-amino-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 4-amino-1-naphthol-2-sulfonic acid, 5-amino-1-naphthol-3-sulfonic acid, 6-amino-1-naphthol-3-sulfonic acid, 8 -Amino-1-naphthol-5-sulfonic acid, 1-amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid, 1-amino-2-naphthol-6-sulfonic acid, 5-amino-2-naphthol-7-sulfonic acid etc. Synthesis example (synthesis of benzyltributylammonium-4-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonate) Benzyltributylammonium chloride 50
% aqueous solution with 80 ml of water, and while stirring, add 24.5 g of sodium 4-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonate to the diluted solution at room temperature with 500 ml of water.
Add the solution dissolved in the solution dropwise. Next, the temperature was raised to about 80°C and reaction was carried out for 1 hour. While stirring, approx.
Cool to 30°C, filter, wash with water and dry, MP128
Obtained 44 g of white powder at ~133°C. Next, specific examples of the salt-forming compound represented by the general formula [] according to the present invention are illustrated below.
【表】【table】
【表】
本発明トナーは、上記一般式［］で表わされ
る造塩化合物の他に、公知のトナー用樹脂中、接
着性、保存性、流動性、粉砕性等を考慮して、ス
チレン樹脂、スチレン―アクリル系樹脂、スチレ
ン―ブタジエン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリエステ
ル樹脂、パラフインワツクス等の１種又は数種を
混合して用いられる。また着色剤としては、カー
ボンブラツク、ランプブラツク、鉄黒、ニグロシ
ン染料、アニリンブラツク、ベンジジンイエロ
ー、ハンザイエロー、クロムイエロー、ローダミ
ン6Gレーキ、キナクリドン、ローズベンガル、
フタロシアニン系染、顔料、群青、トリアリルメ
タン系染、顔料、アントラキノン系染料、モノア
ゾ系・ジスアゾ系染・顔料等、従来公知の染・顔
料を、単独あるいは混合して使用し得る。
また本発明のトナーには、必要に応じて、上記
のトナー用樹脂及び着色剤以外の添加剤を混合し
てもよい。該添加剤としては、例えばテフロン、
ステアリン酸亜鉛の如き滑剤、コロイダルシリ
カ、酸化チタン、酸化アルミニウム等の流動性付
与剤、ケーキング防止剤、カーボンブラツク、酸
化スズ等の導電性付与剤、あるいは低分子量ポリ
エチレンなどの定着助剤等がある。
本発明において、トナー成分中に荷電制御剤と
して添加される上記一般式［］の造塩化合物の
量は、樹脂100重量部に対し、0.1〜10重量部、就
中0.5〜５重量部の割合が好ましい。
本発明トナーは、キヤリアと混合して２成分系
現像剤を提供するが、もちろん、１成分系現像剤
として使用出来る。更に磁性材料を含有させ、磁
性トナーとしても使用しうる。
本発明にかかる静電荷像現像用トナーを調製す
るには、荷電制御剤たる一般式［］で表わされ
る造塩化合物を、ビニール系、非ビニール系熱可
塑性樹脂及び着色剤としての顔料または染料、必
要に応じて磁性材料、添加剤等と共にボールミル
その他の混合機により充分混合してから、加熱ロ
ール、ニーダー、エクストルーダー等の熱混練機
を用いて溶融および混練して、樹脂類を互いに相
溶せしめた中に顔料または染料を分散せしめ、冷
却固化後、粉砕及び分級して平均粒径５〜20μの
トナーを得ることが出来る。あるいはまた、樹脂
溶液中に材料を分散した後、噴霧乾燥することに
より得る方法、樹脂を構成すべき単量体に所定材
料を混合して乳化懸濁液とした後に重合させてト
ナーを得る重合法トナー製造法等の方法が、応用
できる。
これらの方法により調製された本発明トナー
は、従来公知の手段で、電子写真、静電記録及び
静電印刷等における静電潜像を顕像化するための
現像用として、あらゆる場合に使用出来る。
以下実施例１〜９及び比較例１〜４で、本発明
の具体例を説明する。なお、下記実施例・比較例
中において、重量部を部と略して記載する。
実施例 １
スチレン―アクリル共重合体樹脂（三洋化成社
製、ハイマーSBM600） ……100部
カーボンブラツク（コロンビアカーボン社製、
RAVEN1250） ……８部
化合物例(1) ……２部
上記配合物をボールミルで均一に予備混合し、
プレミツクスを調製する。次いで熱ロールで溶融
混練し、冷却後、振動ミルで粗粉砕し、更にラボ
ジエツト（日本ニユーマチツク社製）を用いて微
粉砕した。得られた微粉末を分級して、粒径５〜
15μmを有する黒色トナーを得た。
得られたトナー３部に対して鉄粉キヤリア（日
本鉄粉社製、TEFV200／300）97部を混合して現
像剤を調製した。本現像剤の初期ブローオフ荷電
量は＋28.1μC／grであつた。トナーリサイクル装
置の組み込まれた複写機を用いて10000枚複写後
のブローオフ荷電量を測定したところ、＋
27.6μC／grと非常に安定であつた。
また、市販の複写機で複写したところ、良好な
画像が得られた。本トナーは、連続複写20000枚
後においても画像濃度の変化はなく（1.50以上）、
また感光体上へのトナーの融着現像（フイルミン
グ現像）もなく、良好な画像が得られた。
比較例 １
実施例１において化合物例(1)の代りに、ボント
ロンＮ―01（ニグロシン系荷電制御剤：オリエン
ト化学工業社製）５部を用い、爾余の点において
は実施例１と同様にトナーを調製し、２成分系現
像剤を調製した。
本現像剤の初期ブローオフ荷電量は、＋
20.6μC／grであつた。トナーリサイクル装置の組
み込まれた複写機を用いた、10000枚複写後のブ
ローオフ荷電量は、＋25.1μC／grとからなり上昇
した。また、市販の複写機で複写したところ、初
期画像は良好な画像濃度（1.40以上）の複写が得
られたが、20000枚の複写を行なつたところ、画
像濃度が低下し、かぶりを生じ、フイルミング現
像が生じた。
実施例 ２
スチレン―アクリル共重合体樹脂（三洋化成社
製、ハイマーSBM600） ……100部
銅フタロシアニン顔料 ……６部
化合物例(2) ……３部
上記配合物を実施例１と同様に処理して青色ト
ナーを調製した。
得られたトナー３部に対して鉄粉キヤリア97部
を混合して現像剤を調製した。本現像剤の初期ブ
ローオフ荷電量は、＋18.3μC／grであつた。本現
像剤を実施例１と同様に複写したところ、かぶり
のない鮮明なスカイブルー色の画像が得られた。
本トナーは、連続複写20000枚後においても複写
品質の低下はみられなかつた。
実施例 ３
ピコラスチツク Ｄ―125（エツソ石油化学社
製、スチレン系樹脂） ……100部
ビスコール 550―Ｐ（三洋化成社製、低重合ポ
リプロピレン樹脂） ……10部
フタロシアニングリーン顔料 ……10部
化合物例(3) ……３部
上記配合物を実施例１と同様に処理して緑色ト
ナーを調製した。
得られたトナー３部に対して鉄粉キヤリア97部
を混合して現像剤を調製した。本現像剤の初期ブ
ローオフ荷電量は、＋17.6μC／grであつた。市販
の複写機を用いたテストでは、鮮明な緑色の画像
を得た。
実施例 ４
スチレン―２―エチルヘキシルメタクリレート
共重合樹脂（80/20） ……50部
マグネタイト（関東電化社製 KBC―100）
……45部
カーボンブラツク（コロンビアカーボン社製、
RAVEN1250） ……２部
化合物例(1) ……３部
上記配合物をボールミルで均一に予備混合し、
プレミツクスを調製する。次いで熱ロールで溶融
混練し、冷却後、振動ミルで粗粉砕し、更にラボ
ジエツト（日本ニユーマチツク社製）を用いて微
粉砕した。得られた微粉末を分級して、粒径５〜
35μmを有する１成分系黒色トナーを得た。
本トナーのブローオフ荷電量は、＋10.6μC／gr
であつた。市販の複写機を用いたテストでは、画
像濃度の高い（1.40以上）、かぶりの少ない画像
を得た。その時のトナー転写率は90％であつた。
実施例 ５〜９
トナーの環境、経時荷電特性を調べるため、ス
チレン―ｎ―ブチルメタクリレート共重合樹脂
（65/35）100部と本発明化合物５部よりなるトナ
ーを、実施例１と同様に処理して調製した。
このトナー３部に対してキヤリアとして鉄粉
（日本鉄粉社製、TEFV200／300）97部の割合で
ポリ瓶に入れて密封し、卓上型ボールミルでかく
はんし（250rpm×20min）、荷電させた後、ブロ
ーオフ値を測定すると共に、ポリ瓶を所定の恒温
室に保管し、一定時間後にサンプリングし、ブロ
ーオフ値を測定した。その結果を表１に示す。
比較例 ２
実施例５に於いて、本発明化合物の代りに、ス
テアリルジメチルベンジルアンモニウム―ｐ―ト
ルエンスルホネート５部を用い、爾余の点におい
ては実施例５と同様にトナーを調製し、同様に荷
電特性を調べた。結果を表１に示す。
比較例 ３
実施例５に於いて、本発明化合物の代りに、ス
テアリルジメチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライ
ド５部を用い、爾余の点においては実施例５と同
様にトナーを調製し、同様に荷電特性を調べた。
結果を表１に示す。
比較例 ４
実施例５に於いて、本発明化合物の代りに、ボ
ントロンＮ―01（ニグロシン系荷電制御剤；オリ
エント化学工業社製）５部を用い、爾余の点にお
いては実施例５と同様にトナーを調製し、同様に
荷電特性を調べた。結果を表１に示す。[Table] In addition to the salt-forming compound represented by the above general formula [], the toner of the present invention includes a styrene resin, a styrene resin, One or a mixture of styrene-acrylic resins, styrene-butadiene resins, epoxy resins, polyester resins, paraffin waxes, etc. can be used. Coloring agents include carbon black, lamp black, iron black, nigrosine dye, aniline black, benzidine yellow, Hansa yellow, chrome yellow, rhodamine 6G lake, quinacridone, rose bengal,
Conventionally known dyes and pigments such as phthalocyanine dyes, pigments, ultramarine blue, triallylmethane dyes, pigments, anthraquinone dyes, monoazo and disazo dyes and pigments can be used alone or in combination. Further, the toner of the present invention may contain additives other than the above-mentioned toner resin and colorant, if necessary. Examples of the additive include Teflon,
Examples include lubricants such as zinc stearate, fluidity agents such as colloidal silica, titanium oxide, and aluminum oxide, anti-caking agents, conductivity agents such as carbon black and tin oxide, and fixing aids such as low molecular weight polyethylene. . In the present invention, the amount of the salt-forming compound of the general formula [] added as a charge control agent to the toner component is 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, particularly 0.5 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the resin. is preferred. Although the toner of the present invention is mixed with a carrier to provide a two-component developer, it can of course be used as a one-component developer. Furthermore, it can be used as a magnetic toner by containing a magnetic material. To prepare the toner for developing an electrostatic image according to the present invention, a salt-forming compound represented by the general formula [] as a charge control agent, a vinyl or non-vinyl thermoplastic resin, a pigment or dye as a colorant, If necessary, the resins are sufficiently mixed with magnetic materials, additives, etc. using a ball mill or other mixer, and then melted and kneaded using a heat kneader such as a heated roll, kneader, or extruder to make the resins compatible with each other. A pigment or dye is dispersed in the solution, cooled and solidified, and then crushed and classified to obtain a toner having an average particle size of 5 to 20 μm. Alternatively, a method of obtaining a toner by dispersing the material in a resin solution and then spray drying it, or a method of obtaining a toner by mixing a predetermined material with the monomers that should constitute the resin to form an emulsified suspension and then polymerizing the material. Methods such as legal toner manufacturing methods can be applied. The toner of the present invention prepared by these methods can be used in all cases for development to visualize electrostatic latent images in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, electrostatic printing, etc. by conventionally known means. . Specific examples of the present invention will be described below using Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4. In addition, in the following Examples and Comparative Examples, parts by weight are abbreviated as parts. Example 1 Styrene-acrylic copolymer resin (manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd., Hymer SBM600) ... 100 parts carbon black (manufactured by Columbia Carbon Co., Ltd.,
RAVEN1250) ... 8 parts Compound example (1) ... 2 parts The above composition was uniformly premixed in a ball mill,
Prepare premixes. Next, the mixture was melt-kneaded using hot rolls, cooled, and then coarsely ground using a vibrating mill, and further finely ground using a Labojet (manufactured by Nippon Neumatic Co., Ltd.). The obtained fine powder is classified to have a particle size of 5 to 5.
A black toner with a diameter of 15 μm was obtained. A developer was prepared by mixing 97 parts of iron powder carrier (manufactured by Nippon Tetsuko Co., Ltd., TEFV200/300) with 3 parts of the obtained toner. The initial blow-off charge amount of this developer was +28.1 μC/gr. When we measured the amount of blow-off charge after copying 10,000 sheets using a copying machine equipped with a toner recycling device, we found that +
It was very stable at 27.6μC/gr. When the image was copied using a commercially available copying machine, a good image was obtained. This toner has no change in image density (1.50 or more) even after 20,000 continuous copies.
Furthermore, there was no fusion development (filming development) of toner on the photoreceptor, and good images were obtained. Comparative Example 1 In Example 1, 5 parts of Bontron N-01 (nigrosine-based charge control agent: manufactured by Orient Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was used instead of Compound Example (1), and the other aspects were the same as in Example 1. A toner was prepared and a two-component developer was prepared. The initial blow-off charge amount of this developer is +
It was 20.6μC/gr. The blow-off charge amount after copying 10,000 sheets using a copying machine equipped with a toner recycling device increased to +25.1 μC/gr. In addition, when copies were made using a commercially available copying machine, the initial images were copies with good image density (1.40 or higher), but after 20,000 copies were made, the image density decreased and fog appeared. Filming development occurred. Example 2 Styrene-acrylic copolymer resin (manufactured by Sanyo Kasei Co., Ltd., Hymer SBM600) ...100 parts Copper phthalocyanine pigment ...6 parts Compound example (2) ...3 parts The above formulation was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 A blue toner was prepared. A developer was prepared by mixing 97 parts of iron powder carrier with 3 parts of the obtained toner. The initial blow-off charge amount of this developer was +18.3 μC/gr. When copies were made using this developer in the same manner as in Example 1, clear sky blue images with no fog were obtained.
With this toner, no deterioration in copy quality was observed even after 20,000 continuous copies were made. Example 3 Picolastic D-125 (manufactured by Etsuso Petrochemical Co., Ltd., styrene resin) ...100 parts Viscol 550-P (manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd., low polymerization polypropylene resin) ...10 parts Phthalocyanine green pigment ...10 parts Compound example (3) ...3 parts The above formulation was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to prepare a green toner. A developer was prepared by mixing 97 parts of iron powder carrier with 3 parts of the obtained toner. The initial blow-off charge amount of this developer was +17.6 μC/gr. In tests using a commercially available copier, clear green images were obtained. Example 4 Styrene-2-ethylhexyl methacrylate copolymer resin (80/20)...50 parts magnetite (KBC-100 manufactured by Kanto Denka Co., Ltd.)
...45 parts carbon black (manufactured by Columbia Carbon Co., Ltd.)
RAVEN1250) ... 2 parts Compound example (1) ... 3 parts The above composition was uniformly premixed in a ball mill,
Prepare premixes. Next, the mixture was melt-kneaded using hot rolls, cooled, and then coarsely ground using a vibrating mill, and further finely ground using a Labojet (manufactured by Nippon Neumatic Co., Ltd.). The obtained fine powder is classified to have a particle size of 5 to 5.
A one-component black toner having a diameter of 35 μm was obtained. The blow-off charge amount of this toner is +10.6μC/gr
It was hot. In tests using a commercially available copying machine, images with high image density (1.40 or higher) and little fog were obtained. The toner transfer rate at that time was 90%. Examples 5 to 9 To examine the environmental and temporal charging characteristics of toner, a toner consisting of 100 parts of styrene-n-butyl methacrylate copolymer resin (65/35) and 5 parts of the compound of the present invention was treated in the same manner as in Example 1. It was prepared by Three parts of this toner was mixed with 97 parts of iron powder (TEFV200/300, manufactured by Nihon Tetsuko Co., Ltd.) as a carrier, and the mixture was placed in a plastic bottle and sealed, stirred in a tabletop ball mill (250 rpm x 20 min), and charged. Thereafter, the blow-off value was measured, and the polyethylene bottle was stored in a predetermined constant temperature room, and after a certain period of time, samples were taken and the blow-off value was measured. The results are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example 2 In Example 5, a toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that 5 parts of stearyldimethylbenzylammonium-p-toluenesulfonate was used in place of the compound of the present invention, and in the other respects, a toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5. The charging characteristics were investigated. The results are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example 3 In Example 5, a toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that 5 parts of stearyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride was used instead of the compound of the present invention, and the charging characteristics were similarly investigated. Ta.
The results are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example 4 In Example 5, 5 parts of Bontron N-01 (nigrosine-based charge control agent; manufactured by Orient Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was used instead of the compound of the present invention, and the other points were the same as in Example 5. A toner was prepared and its charging characteristics were investigated in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 1.
【表】【table】
【表】
表１から明らかなように、本発明に係るトナー
は、従来のものに比較して、高温に対して荷電量
の減衰量が著しく少なく、優れた荷電特性を示し
ている。
［発明の効果］
上述したように荷電制御剤として一般式［］
で表わされる造塩化合物を含む本発明トナーは、
トナー粒子間の摩擦荷電量が均一であり、且つ荷
電量の制御が容易である。また使用中変質して摩
擦荷電量がばらつきまたは減少する如きことがな
く、極めて安定したトナーであり、種々の環境条
件下において従来に見られない卓越した耐久性を
示し、長期保存に耐えるトナーであり、且つトナ
ー画像の耐摩耗性、定着性および接着性にも、す
ぐれている。
このようなトナーの優れた効果は荷電、露光、
現像及び転写の操作を連続してくりかえす反復転
写式復写方式に用いた場合、更に拡大された効果
を発揮するものである。さらに荷電制御剤による
色調障害が少ないので、カラー電子写真用トナー
として使用することにより、優れた色彩のカラー
像を形成することが出来るものである。[Table] As is clear from Table 1, the toner according to the present invention exhibits excellent charging characteristics, with significantly less charge attenuation at high temperatures than the conventional toner. [Effect of the invention] As described above, as a charge control agent, the general formula []
The toner of the present invention contains a salt-forming compound represented by:
The amount of frictional charge between toner particles is uniform, and the amount of charge can be easily controlled. In addition, it is an extremely stable toner that does not change in quality during use, causing variations or decreases in the amount of frictional charge, and exhibits unprecedented durability under various environmental conditions, making it a toner that can withstand long-term storage. It also has excellent abrasion resistance, fixing properties, and adhesion of toner images. The excellent effects of such toners include charging, exposure,
When used in a repetitive transfer type reproduction system in which development and transfer operations are continuously repeated, the effect is even more magnified. Furthermore, since there is little color disturbance caused by the charge control agent, when used as a color electrophotographic toner, it is possible to form color images with excellent colors.
Claims (1)
ンジル基、R2およびR3は、それぞれC1〜C18のア
ルキル基、R4はC1〜C18のアルキル基またはベン
ジル基、Ｙは、水素またはOH基を示す。） で表わされる造塩化合物を含有することを特徴と
する、静電荷像現像用トナー。 ２ 一般式（）で表わされる造塩化合物が、樹
脂100重量部に対して0.5〜５重量部である、特許
請求の範囲第１項記載の静電荷像現像用トナー。[Claims] 1. General formula (In the formula, R 1 is a C 1 to C 8 alkyl group or a benzyl group, R 2 and R 3 are each a C 1 to C 18 alkyl group, and R 4 is a C 1 to C 18 alkyl group or a benzyl group. A toner for developing an electrostatic image, characterized in that it contains a salt-forming compound represented by: 2. The toner for developing electrostatic images according to claim 1, wherein the salt-forming compound represented by the general formula () is contained in an amount of 0.5 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the resin.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60213140A JPS6271968A (en) | 1985-09-25 | 1985-09-25 | Toner for developing electrostatic charge image |
| US06/852,994 US4826749A (en) | 1985-06-28 | 1986-04-17 | Toner for developing electrostatic latent images |
| US07/292,329 US4931588A (en) | 1985-06-28 | 1989-09-15 | Compounds usable in a toner for developing electrostatic latent images |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60213140A JPS6271968A (en) | 1985-09-25 | 1985-09-25 | Toner for developing electrostatic charge image |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6271968A JPS6271968A (en) | 1987-04-02 |
| JPH0154696B2 true JPH0154696B2 (en) | 1989-11-20 |
Family
ID=16634236
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60213140A Granted JPS6271968A (en) | 1985-06-28 | 1985-09-25 | Toner for developing electrostatic charge image |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6271968A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0876518A (en) * | 1994-09-05 | 1996-03-22 | Mitsubishi Chem Corp | Toner and developer |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4904762A (en) * | 1989-08-21 | 1990-02-27 | Xerox Corporation | Toner compositions with charge enhancing additives |
| JPH0716378Y2 (en) * | 1991-08-12 | 1995-04-19 | 株式会社三裕商会 | Car seat cover |
-
1985
- 1985-09-25 JP JP60213140A patent/JPS6271968A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0876518A (en) * | 1994-09-05 | 1996-03-22 | Mitsubishi Chem Corp | Toner and developer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6271968A (en) | 1987-04-02 |
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