JPH01191611A - Seeding method and furrow opening, covering with soil device for seeding - Google Patents
Seeding method and furrow opening, covering with soil device for seedingInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01191611A JPH01191611A JP1324088A JP1324088A JPH01191611A JP H01191611 A JPH01191611 A JP H01191611A JP 1324088 A JP1324088 A JP 1324088A JP 1324088 A JP1324088 A JP 1324088A JP H01191611 A JPH01191611 A JP H01191611A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- covering
- trench
- seeding
- cutting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 34
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001063191 Elops affinis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002756 Erythrina berteroana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- HKPHPIREJKHECO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butachlor Chemical compound CCCCOCN(C(=O)CCl)C1=C(CC)C=CC=C1CC HKPHPIREJKHECO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（イ）産業上の利用分野
本発明は不耕起圃場に播種する播種方法及び不耕起圃場
に播種する際に用いる播種用溝切覆土装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (A) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a seeding method for sowing seeds in a no-tillage field, and a trench-cutting and covering soil device for seeding used when sowing seeds in a no-tillage field.
（ロ）従来技術
従来、■ 不耕起播種方法として、殻稈を刈取った直後
の不耕起圃場に播種を行う播種方法、■ 収穫後の不耕
起圃場に播種を行ない、次いで溝掘削してその士を床上
に３ｃｍ程度覆土し、しかる後、有機物補給用として切
藁を覆土上に散布する播種方法、■ カッター付きコン
パインによる収穫作業で排藁を圃場に散布する場合は切
藁上に播種することになるので、覆土しても乾燥その他
により発芽やその後の生育が悪くなるので、必ず５〜１
２ｃｍの深さに耕起して種子を土に良く混ぜる播種方法
等が既に知られている。(B) Conventional technology Conventionally, ■ No-till sowing method involves sowing seeds in a no-till field immediately after harvesting, ■ Sowing seeds in a no-till field after harvest, and then digging trenches. This is a sowing method in which the soil is covered with soil to a depth of about 3 cm on the bed, and then cut straw is sprinkled on top of the covered soil to replenish organic matter.■ If waste straw is to be spread on the field during harvesting using a compine with a cutter, the cut straw should be spread on top of the cut straw. Since you will be sowing the seeds in 5 to 10 minutes, even if you cover them with soil, germination and subsequent growth will be poor due to dryness and other factors.
A sowing method is already known in which seeds are thoroughly mixed into the soil by plowing to a depth of 2 cm.
また、播種用溝切装置としてロータリ耕耘装置の耕耘軸
に複数木の掘削爪を溝と対応する部分に取付けて掘削投
擲し、床上に載った土を培土板等で均平して覆土するも
のは既に知られている。In addition, as a trench cutting device for seeding, a multi-wood digging claw is attached to the tilling shaft of a rotary tilling device in the part corresponding to the trench, and the soil is excavated and thrown, and the soil on the bed is leveled and covered with soil plates etc. is already known.
（ハ）考案が解決しようとする問題
前記■の播種方法は、播種後に好天が続くと乾燥して発
芽率が低下するという問題点があった。(c) Problems to be solved by the invention The sowing method (2) above has the problem that if good weather continues after sowing, the seeds will dry out and the germination rate will decrease.
前記■の播種方法は、収穫した排藁を一旦圃場外に取出
し、播種覆土後に排藁を細断して再び圃場に搬入すると
共に散布しなければならず、かつ、切藁を均一に散布す
るのが困難であると共に多大の労力を要し、また、切藁
が腐蝕し難い等の問題点があった。In the sowing method (2) above, the harvested waste straw must be taken out of the field, and after sowing and covering with soil, the waste straw must be shredded and carried back into the field and scattered, and the cut straw must be spread evenly. It is difficult and requires a lot of labor, and there are other problems such as the cut straw is difficult to corrode.
前記■の播種方法は、降雨後の圃場では耕起作業が困難
で播種時期が遅れると共に種子を土に混ぜる行程が面倒
であり、また、上記のように圃場面を耕起することによ
り不耕起播種の特徴の一つである播種後に降雨があった
時、雨水の浸透が少なく、溝に流入し易いという特徴が
損なわれる等の問題点があった。With the method of sowing (①), it is difficult to plow the field after rainfall, delaying the sowing period, and the process of mixing the seeds with the soil is troublesome. There were problems such as the fact that when it rains after sowing, which is one of the characteristics of sowing seeds, there is little penetration of rainwater and the tendency for it to flow into the ditch.
また、前記既知の播種用溝切覆土装置は、掘削された士
が溝内に多く堆積すると共に溝の縁に多量の土が堆積し
、それが降雨時に水が溝に流入するのを阻害し、発芽不
良になる等の問題点があった。In addition, in the known trench cutting and covering device for seeding, a large amount of excavated soil accumulates in the trench, and a large amount of soil also accumulates on the edge of the trench, which prevents water from flowing into the trench during rainfall. There were problems such as poor germination.
（ハ）問題点を解決するための手段
本発明は刈取脱穀行程で排藁を細断して圃場に散布した
後種子を播種し、この状態で前記切藁を攪拌して種子を
沈下させると共に間隔をおいて溝を掘削し、この掘削し
た土を前記切藁に覆土することにより従来の播種方法に
おける問題点を解決した。(c) Means for solving the problem The present invention involves shredding waste straw in the harvesting and threshing process and scattering it on the field, and then sowing seeds, and in this state, the cut straw is stirred to sink the seeds. The problems with the conventional seeding method were solved by excavating trenches at intervals and covering the cut straw with the excavated soil.
また１本発明は切藁攪拌行程と溝掘削覆土行程を略同時
に行なうこと、及び回転軸に攪拌手段と溝掘手段とを装
着することにより作業行程を合理化した。In addition, the present invention streamlines the work process by performing the cutting straw stirring process and the trench excavation and covering process substantially simultaneously, and by mounting the stirring means and the trench digging means on the rotating shaft.
更に、フレームに支持された横方向の回転軸に、畦幅と
同じ間隔をおいて複数組の作溝爪５を取付け、組をなす
作溝爪５の直後に、耕起された部位に侵入して土を掬上
げる溝漬部２と、該溝浚部２が掬上げた土を両側方の畦
上に案内して均平しながら覆土する覆土部３とからなる
覆土装置を設けることにより従来の播種用溝切覆土装置
の問題点を解決した。Furthermore, a plurality of sets of groove-cutting claws 5 are attached to the horizontal rotating shaft supported by the frame at the same intervals as the ridge width, and the groove-cutting claws 5 penetrate into the plowed area immediately after the sets of groove-cutting claws 5. By providing a soil covering device consisting of a trench dipping section 2 that scoops up soil, and a soil covering section 3 that guides the soil scooped up by the trench dredging section 2 onto the ridges on both sides and covers the soil while leveling the soil, the conventional method is improved. The problems with the trench cutting and covering equipment for seeding were solved.
更にまた、溝浚部の掬上面を弧状面にすると共に側面視
で後部が順次高くなるように傾斜させ、正面視で略帯状
となして溝の側面が略垂直になるように構成することに
より土寄板への土の移行を助長した。Furthermore, by making the scooping upper surface of the groove dredging part an arcuate surface and sloping it so that the rear part becomes higher in a side view, it is formed into a substantially band-like shape in a front view so that the side surfaces of the groove are substantially vertical. This facilitated the migration of soil to the earthen board.
（ホ）作用
播種方法において、降雨等の気象条件の影響を受けるこ
とが少なく、適期にかつ迅速に播種することができ、播
種後に降雨があっても、雨水は不耕起表面から溝に流入
して排水されるので、発芽率が向上し、種子上に施した
覆土は雑草の発芽及び鳥害を防止することができる。(e) In the active seeding method, it is less affected by weather conditions such as rainfall, and seeds can be sown at the appropriate time and quickly. Even if it rains after sowing, rainwater flows into the furrow from the no-till surface. Since the seeds are drained, the germination rate is improved, and the soil applied to the seeds can prevent weed germination and bird damage.
また、切藁上に播種した種子を攪拌することにより下層
に移行させ、その上に覆土するので１発芽が良くなると
共に前記雑草及び鳥害が発生するのを防止することがで
きると共に切藁を湿潤した状態に保ってその腐蝕を促進
することができる。In addition, by stirring the seeds sown on the cut straw, they are transferred to the lower layer and covered with soil, which improves germination and prevents the occurrence of weeds and bird damage. It can be kept moist to accelerate its corrosion.
播種用溝切覆土装置において、組をなす作溝爪により跳
上げられて覆土部に衝突した土は反発して不耕起圃場面
に播種した種子上に散布され、溝浚部は溝内に堆積して
いる土を溝よりも高く掬上げ、側方へ崩れ落る士は覆土
部により溝間の中央へ向けて案内されながら均平される
と共に前記種子に覆土する。In the trench cutting and covering device for seeding, the soil that is thrown up by the set of trench cutting claws and collides with the soil covering section rebounds and is scattered on the seeds sown in the no-till field, and the trench dredging section is moved into the trench. The accumulated soil is scooped up higher than the trench, and any soil that falls to the side is guided toward the center between the trenches by the soil covering section and leveled, and the seeds are covered with soil.
また、１Ｉｖｉ浚部の掬上面を側面視で後部が順次高く
なるよう弧状に傾斜した帯状となしたものは溝内の士を
高く誘導して覆土部に受渡すことができ、土が溝の側部
に高く堆積することがなく、覆土部による土の誘導を円
滑に行なうことができる。In addition, the upper surface of the 1Ivi dredging section is shaped like an arc-sloping band so that the rear part is gradually higher when viewed from the side, so that the soil in the trench can be guided higher and transferred to the soil covering section. The soil is not piled up high on the sides, and the soil can be guided smoothly by the soil covering section.
更に、攪拌と溝切覆土を同時におこなうことにより作業
行程を合理化することができる。Furthermore, the work process can be streamlined by performing stirring and trench cutting and covering at the same time.
（へ）実施例 本発明の一実施例を図面を参照して説明する。(f) Example An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
実施例Ｉ
［播種行程］
水稲を刈取った不耕起圃場に、麦類又は豆類等の種子及
び肥料を動力散粉精機、又はトラクタに装着した播種装
置及び施肥装置等で播種（豆類は翌年）する。Example I [Seeding process] Seeds and fertilizers such as wheat or beans are sown in a no-tillage field where paddy rice has been harvested using a power duster, or a sowing device and fertilizing device attached to a tractor (beans will be used the following year). do.
この時、殻稈をコンバインにより刈取脱穀した場合は、
その脱穀装置から排出された排藁をカッターにより細断
して圃場に略均−に散布し、その後に不耕起圃場の全面
に種子及び肥料を前記播種装置及び施肥装置により散布
し、次いでロータリテッダ（縦軸型）その他の攪拌装置
により前記切５５を攪拌して１Φ子及び肥料を切藁の下
に落す。At this time, if the culm is harvested and threshed with a combine harvester,
The waste straw discharged from the threshing device is shredded by a cutter and spread approximately evenly over the field, and then seeds and fertilizer are spread over the entire surface of the no-tillage field using the seeding device and fertilization device. (Vertical axis type) The cut 55 is stirred by another stirring device to drop the 1Φ child and fertilizer under the cut straw.
その際、前記脱穀装置とカッターとの間に、播種装置又
はそれと施肥装置を介装して麦類を播種する場合は、前
記攪拌行程を省略することができる。At this time, if a sowing device or a fertilizing device is interposed between the threshing device and the cutter to sow wheat, the stirring step can be omitted.
そして、降雨後でも、不耕起圃場面が成程度乾燥すれば
前記播種又は施肥を行なうことができる。Even after rainfall, the above-mentioned sowing or fertilization can be performed if the no-till field is sufficiently dry.
〔溝切覆土行程及び溝切覆土装置」
溝切覆土装置は、ロータリ耕耘装置１とその後部に連設
した溝浚部２及び覆土部３とで構成されており、前記ロ
ークリ耕耘装置ｌは、第２図（ａ）に示す如く耕耘軸４
の畦幅を隔てた部位に、２枚−組のフランジ４ａ 、
４ａを突設し、コレらの７ランジ４ａ、 ４ａの外周に
＆数枚（例えば１個のフランジ４ａに８本）のなた爪か
らなる作溝爪５φ・を組にすると共に外向きにして放射
状に取付けることにより構成されており、試験機では組
をなす作溝爪５・・の回転軌跡幅（溝堀削幅）を１５０
〜１８０ ｍｍ、組の間隙（畦幅）を１０００〜１２０
０ｍｍとした。[Ditch cutting and covering soil process and trench cutting and covering device] The trench cutting and covering device is composed of a rotary tilling device 1, a trench dredging section 2 and a soil covering section 3 connected to the rear of the rotary tilling device 1, and the rotary tilling device 1 includes: As shown in Fig. 2(a), the tilling shaft 4
A set of two flanges 4a,
4a protrudingly provided, groove-making claws 5φ consisting of & several pieces (for example, 8 on one flange 4a) of machete claws are set on the outer periphery of these 7 flange 4a and 4a, and are directed outward. In the test machine, the rotation locus width (grooving width) of the pair of groove-cutting claws 5 was set to 150 mm.
~180 mm, set gap (ridge width) 1000~120
It was set to 0 mm.
機枠の下部両側は農用トラクタの後部に、左右一対のロ
アリンクにより連結し、上部中央に立設したトップマス
ト６は前記農用トラクタの後面に突設したトップリンク
ブラケット７にトップリンク８を介して連結されており
、前記ロアリンクの中間部はリフトアームにリフトロッ
ドを介して連結されているので前記ロータリ耕耘装置１
は昇降する。Both sides of the lower part of the machine frame are connected to the rear of the agricultural tractor by a pair of left and right lower links, and the top mast 6 erected in the center of the upper part is connected via a top link 8 to a top link bracket 7 protruding from the rear of the agricultural tractor. The middle part of the lower link is connected to the lift arm via a lift rod, so that the rotary tilling device 1
goes up and down.
溝浚部２及び覆土部３は組をなす前記作溝爪５・・の直
後にそれぞれ配設してあり、その支柱ｌＯを横移動調節
可能に取付けたツールパー１１は前部をフレーム１２に
上下傾動可能に枢支し、中間の横＄１２ａは前記トップ
マスト６に調節体１３を介して連結しである。The trench dredging section 2 and the soil covering section 3 are respectively disposed immediately after the groove-cutting claws 5, which form a set, and the tool par 11, which has its support lO attached so as to be adjustable in lateral movement, has its front part attached to the frame 12. It is pivoted so that it can be tilted up and down, and the middle horizontal lever 12a is connected to the top mast 6 via an adjustment body 13.
そして、前記溝浚部２は前記支柱１０に取付けたポス１
５の両側に固定されていて溝の深さより狭くなく、かつ
前端が後方へ傾斜した左右一対の側板１Ｂ、１８と、該
側板１８．１８の前端に熔接して弧状にしながら後傾さ
せた帯状の掬上板１７と、該掬上板１７の上端と前記側
板１６の前部上面とに熔接した平面視、側面視及び正面
視で三角形状になる左右一対の継送板１８．＋８と、前
記支柱ＩＯの下端から後方へ略水平に延出させた抵抗棒
１９とで構成してあり、試験機では左右の側板１８ 、
＋６ノ外側面間の幅を１５０ ｍｍ、高さを１２ｏ〜
１５０ ｍｍとし、掬上板１７と作溝爪５回転軌跡との
間隔を１０ｍｍにし、抵抗棒１９は第２図（ｂ）に示す
ように側板１６より直径の１〜１７２程度下方へ突出さ
せた。The trench portion 2 is connected to the post 1 attached to the pillar 10.
A pair of left and right side plates 1B, 18 which are fixed to both sides of the groove and which are not narrower than the depth of the groove and whose front ends are inclined rearward, and a belt-like shape which is welded to the front ends of the side plates 18 and 18 to form an arc shape and which are inclined backward. and a pair of left and right transfer plates 18, which are welded to the upper end of the upper scoop plate 17 and the front upper surface of the side plate 16 and have a triangular shape in plan view, side view, and front view. +8, and a resistance rod 19 extending rearward from the lower end of the pillar IO approximately horizontally.In the test machine, the left and right side plates 18,
Width between +6 outer surfaces is 150 mm, height is 12 o ~
150 mm, the distance between the scooping plate 17 and the rotation locus of the groove-making claw 5 was 10 mm, and the resistance rod 19 was made to protrude downward from the side plate 16 by about 1 to 172 diameters, as shown in Fig. 2(b). .
また、覆土部３は側板１８．１６の上面と前記継送板１
８，１＆の上端後面に熔接すると共に平面視で後方が拡
開するように傾斜した左右一対の取付板２０ 、２０と
、該取付ｉ２０．２０の後面に重合して長孔２１ 、２
１から挿入した螺子２２．２２により上下調節可能に取
付けた土受板２３．２３とで構成されており、前記取付
板２０は側板１Ｂより外側方の下縁を土受板２３の一ヒ
下調節幅だけ切欠２０ａしてあり、土受板２３はその一
ヒ部が前方へ向けて緩やかに弯曲しており、高さ４００
ｆｆＩＩ１１、組をなす左右の土受板２３ 、２３の後
端下部の間隔を７５０ ｍｍとした。In addition, the soil covering part 3 is connected to the upper surface of the side plate 18.16 and the transfer plate 1.
A pair of left and right mounting plates 20, 20 are welded to the rear surface of the upper end of 8, 1& and are inclined so that the rear side expands in plan view, and elongated holes 21, 2 overlap the rear surface of the mounting i20.20.
The mounting plate 20 is configured with a soil receiving plate 23, 23 which is attached vertically adjustable by screws 22, 22 inserted from the side plate 1B, and the lower edge of the mounting plate 20 on the outside side of the side plate 1B is one step below the soil receiving plate 23. A notch 20a is formed by the adjustment width, and a part of the soil receiving plate 23 is gently curved toward the front, and the height is 400.
ffII11, the interval between the lower rear ends of the left and right soil receiving plates 23, 23 forming a pair was set to 750 mm.
更に、機幅の中央側にある土受板２３ 、２３の上部間
はりャカバー２５に取付けたゴム板２６により覆われて
おり、リヤカバー２５は第１図に示すよう（右側は図示
を省略）にそれに枢着した支杆２７をサポート２８に螺
杆２８で圧着することにより上方へ引上げた状態で止着
し、前部サイドカバーに蝶着された後部サイドカバー３
０は土受板２３と略平行になるように外側方へ突出させ
て連杆３１によりセットしである。Furthermore, the upper parts of the soil receiving plates 23 and 23 located at the center of the width of the machine are covered by a rubber plate 26 attached to a barrier cover 25, and the rear cover 25 is arranged as shown in Fig. 1 (the right side is not shown). The support rod 27 pivoted thereon is crimped onto the support 28 with a screw rod 28, so that it is fixed in the upwardly pulled state, and the rear side cover 3 is hinged to the front side cover.
0 is set by a connecting rod 31 so as to protrude outward so as to be substantially parallel to the soil receiving plate 23.
前述の前記播種及び施肥を行なった不耕起圃場にて溝切
覆土装置を農用トラクタにより耕耘軸４を回転させなが
ら牽引すると、組をなす作溝爪５番拳はそれぞれ一定幅
を耕起して砕土された土を直後及び後方両側へ投擲し、
溝浚部２は作溝爪５・・が耕起した部分に侵入して土を
掬上げる。When the furrow cutting and covering device is towed by an agricultural tractor while rotating the tillage shaft 4 in the no-till farmland where the above-mentioned sowing and fertilization have been carried out, each of the fifth furrow claws in the set plows a certain width. Throw the crushed soil immediately after and on both sides of the rear.
The trench dredging section 2 penetrates into the area plowed by the trench cutting claws 5 and scoops up the soil.
その際、作溝爪５争・は掬上板１７及び側板！６の下面
よりや〜深く（例えば６ ａｒｍ）耕起し、抵抗４４１
９は耕起した底面に沿って滑走し、掬上板１７は平面視
で下端が横方向の一直線状をなし、かつその板面は横方
向に弯曲乃至山形に折曲されていないので、溝内の土を
横方向に拡散させることなく掬上げることとなり、それ
により掬上げた土は、第１Ｏ図（Ｃ）に示す如く山形の
掬上板のように直ちに溝の両側に押し上げられて堆積す
ることがなく、掬上板１７の上端より更に上方へと移行
するので継送板１８，１８を経てその直上の取付板２０
．２０及び土受板２３．２３にて受けられ、該土受板２
３．２３はこの土を斜め後方へ誘導することにより切藁
の上に均平しながら覆土し、前記（Ｃ）図に示すように
なった場合、土受板２３で均平しても、溝の両側部の土
が圧縮された状態になるので、降雨詩に水が溝に流入し
難くなって畦上に溜り、発芽不良となる。At that time, the 5th competition for making groove claws is the scooping plate 17 and the side plate! Plow a little deeper (e.g. 6 arms) than the bottom surface of the
The scooping plate 17 slides along the plowed bottom surface, and the lower end of the scooping plate 17 has a straight line in the horizontal direction when viewed from above, and the plate surface is not curved or bent in a chevron shape in the horizontal direction. The soil inside the trench is scooped up without spreading laterally, and the scooped soil is immediately pushed up and deposited on both sides of the trench like a chevron-shaped scooping plate, as shown in Figure 1O (C). Since it moves further upwards from the upper end of the scooping plate 17, the mounting plate 20 directly above it passes through the transfer plates 18, 18.
．． 20 and the soil receiving plate 23.23, the soil receiving plate 2
3.23 is by guiding this soil diagonally backwards and covering the cut straw while leveling it, and if it becomes as shown in the above figure (C), even if it is leveled with the soil receiving plate 23, Since the soil on both sides of the furrow is compressed, it becomes difficult for water to flow into the furrow during rainfall and collects on the ridges, resulting in poor germination.
第４図は播種状態を傾向的に示したもので、相隣る溝の
間の不耕起面上に種子及び肥料ａに被覆された切ｉｂに
土壌Ｃが覆土される。FIG. 4 shows the sowing state trend-wise, where the cut ib covered with seeds and fertilizer A on the no-till surface between adjacent furrows is covered with soil C.
実施例■
この実施例は攪拌行程を作溝爪５・・による作溝行程と
同時に行なう方法及び装置に関するもので、第５〜９図
において、耕耘軸４に装着するフランジ４ａ及び作溝爪
５・・は前述の実施例Ｉと同様であるが、耕耘軸４の外
側端に補助軸４ｂ、４ｂを連結し、〜前記耕耘軸４のフ
ランジ４ａの外側及び中間部並びに補助軸４ｂの外周に
受片３２・・を突設し、これらの受片３２・・に撹拌爪
３３を固定又は横方向の支点ピンにより回動自在に装着
したもので、前記撹拌爪３３は第８図に示す如く不耕起
圃場面の凹凸を掻き取る程度になっている。Embodiment 2 This embodiment relates to a method and apparatus for carrying out the stirring process simultaneously with the groove-making process using the groove-making claws 5. In FIGS. ... is the same as the above-mentioned Example I, but the auxiliary shafts 4b, 4b are connected to the outer end of the tilling shaft 4, and the outer and intermediate parts of the flange 4a of the tilling shaft 4 and the outer periphery of the auxiliary shaft 4b are connected. Receiving pieces 32... are provided protrudingly, and stirring claws 33 are fixedly attached to these receiving pieces 32 or rotatably mounted on horizontal fulcrum pins, and the stirring claws 33 are as shown in FIG. It is only enough to scrape out the unevenness of the no-till field.
従って、この実施例は、実施例■における攪拌行程を省
略することができ、切藁すが散布されている不耕起圃場
に播種及び施肥を行なった後、溝浚部２及び覆土部３を
装着したロータリ耕耘装置ｌを農用トラクタにより駆動
しながら牽引すると、作溝爪５番φは溝になる部分を耕
起し、同時に各撹拌爪３３は溝の間に形成される畦の頂
部となる部分、及び隣接する畦の頂部の約半分幅部分の
凸部を掻き取りなから切藁すを攪拌するので、畦の頂部
は平になると共に第９図（ａ）に示す如く切ｉｂの上に
載っていた種子及び肥料ａを同図（ｂ）に示すように切
藁すの下に沈下してそれらの一部は掻き取られた土に混
入され、上部を切藁すが覆うこととなる。Therefore, in this embodiment, the stirring process in Example 2 can be omitted, and after sowing and fertilizing the no-tillage field where cut straw has been scattered, the trench dredging section 2 and the soil covering section 3 are removed. When the attached rotary tillage device l is driven and towed by an agricultural tractor, the groove-making claw No. 5 φ plows the portion that will become the groove, and at the same time, each stirring claw 33 serves as the top of the ridge formed between the grooves. By scraping off the protrusions at about half the width of the top of the ridge and the adjacent ridge, the straw is stirred, so that the top of the ridge becomes flat and the top of the ib is flattened as shown in Figure 9(a). As shown in Figure (b), the seeds and fertilizer a that were on the soil will sink under the cut straw, and some of them will be mixed into the scraped soil, and the upper part will be covered by the cut straw. Become.
それに次いで前記溝浚部２が溝の土を掬上げ、この土と
前記作溝爪５・嗜が側方へ跳ね出した土Ｃは前記切藁す
上に覆土されると共に均平される。Next, the trench dredging section 2 scoops up the soil in the trench, and this soil and the soil C thrown out laterally by the trench cutting claws 5 are covered and leveled on the cutting straw.
第１１図は覆土幅を示すのもで、この幅は実施例Ｉにお
いても、実施例■においても同様であり、畦畔沿いに覆
土する場合、第１２図に示す如く畦畔側の後部サイドカ
バー３０を内側へ傾斜させてセットすると図示のような
覆土幅となる。Figure 11 shows the soil covering width, and this width is the same in both Example I and Example 2. When covering soil along the ridge, the rear side of the ridge side as shown in Figure 12. When the cover 30 is set so as to be inclined inward, the soil covering width as shown in the figure is obtained.
実施例■
第１図に鎖線で示す如くロータリ耕耘装置ｌの前部に播
種装置３５と施肥装置３６とを併設するか、又は農用ト
ラクタの前部若くは後部に施肥装置及び播種装置を併設
すると共に前記実施例■の技術を適用すると、切藁の散
布行程、播種行程、攪拌行程、作溝覆土行程の順序は同
一であるが、作業手順としては刈取脱穀排藁細断散布作
業と、播種施肥攪拌覆土作業という２度の作業ですむ。Embodiment ■ As shown by the chain line in FIG. 1, a seeding device 35 and a fertilizing device 36 are installed together at the front of a rotary tiller l, or a fertilizing device and a seeding device are installed at the front or rear of an agricultural tractor. When the technique of Example 2 is applied, the order of the cutting straw scattering process, sowing process, stirring process, and furrowing and soil covering process is the same, but the work procedure is that of cutting, threshing, and shredding straw, and sowing. It only requires two operations: fertilizing, stirring, and covering the soil.
この作業形態は翌年に栽培する豆等の播種に対しても有
効である。但し、この場合は切藁散布行程を省略するこ
とがある。この播種において前記実施例■は覆土を確実
に行ない得る点で有利である。This work pattern is also effective for sowing beans, etc. to be cultivated the following year. However, in this case, the cut straw scattering step may be omitted. In this sowing, Example 2 is advantageous in that the seeds can be covered with soil reliably.
なお、水稲収穫直後に麦を播種するような場合、前述の
刈取脱穀作業と同時に播種及び施肥を行なうと実施例■
における播種装置３５及び施肥装置３Ｂを省略すること
ができる。In addition, when sowing wheat immediately after harvesting paddy rice, it is recommended to sow and fertilize at the same time as the above-mentioned reaping and threshing work.
The seeding device 35 and the fertilizing device 3B can be omitted.
前述の各実施例において、狭い溝を除く不耕起圃場の略
全面に播種するにも拘らず、覆土するので、雑草が繁茂
すること及び鳥害を防止することができ、切藁を散布し
た場合、その腐蝕を促進することができると共に前記雑
草等を一層品度に防止することができる。In each of the above-mentioned examples, even though the seeds are sown on almost the entire surface of the no-till field except for narrow grooves, the seeds are covered with soil, which prevents weeds from flourishing and bird damage. In this case, the corrosion can be promoted and the weeds can be further prevented.
また、土受板２３は溝の深さを変更する時に上下調節す
るが、麦に対して士入れを行なう場合も、実施例■の土
受板２３を上方へ移動してセットし、この場合は抵抗棒
１８の溝俊部２に対して上昇させ、この溝浚部２を播種
時に形成した溝中を移動させて土を掬上げ土受板２３に
より畦の中央まで分散移動させて土入れする。In addition, the soil receiving plate 23 is adjusted up and down when changing the depth of the groove, but when cutting into wheat, the soil receiving plate 23 of Example 2 is moved upward and set. is raised relative to the trench part 2 of the resistance rod 18, and the trench part 2 is moved through the trench formed at the time of sowing to scoop up soil and disperse it to the center of the ridge using the soil receiving plate 23 to fill the soil. do.
更に、前記溝の幅を１５０ ｍｍ程度にしたので、コン
バインによる収穫時にクローラが溝に落込むことがなく
走行の障害になることがない。Furthermore, since the width of the groove is about 150 mm, the crawler does not fall into the groove during harvesting with a combine harvester, and does not become an obstacle to running.
更にまた、溝幅、その深さ及び畦幅は作物の種類、又は
土壌条件等により適宜変更するものである。Furthermore, the groove width, its depth and ridge width are changed as appropriate depending on the type of crop, soil conditions, etc.
抵抗棒Ｉ８の下面に突設した突起１８ａは溝の底面の略
中央に割れ目を形成し、陸雨蒔に、溝に流入した雨水を
土中に浸透させて排水を促進する。その際、土中に暗渠
を設けである場合は雨水が暗渠への透水性を向上するこ
とができる。The protrusion 18a protruding from the lower surface of the resistance rod I8 forms a crack at approximately the center of the bottom surface of the groove, and allows rainwater flowing into the groove to permeate into the soil to promote drainage. In this case, if a culvert is installed in the soil, the permeability of rainwater to the culvert can be improved.
（ト）発明の効果
本発明は刈取脱穀行程で排藁を細断して圃場に散布した
後種子を播種し、この状態で前記切藁を攪拌して種子を
沈下させると共に間隔をおいて溝を掘削し、この掘削し
た土を前記切藁に覆土するので、降雨後でも、圃場が完
全に乾燥するまで待つことなく適期にかつ高能率に播種
することができ、しかも、不耕起圃場でありながら溝切
した土で覆土することにより早期に雑草が生えるのを防
止することができ、播種後に降雨があっても雨水は不耕
起圃場面から溝に流出して発芽不良になることを防＋ｈ
することができる。(g) Effects of the Invention The present invention involves shredding waste straw in the reaping and threshing process and scattering it on the field, and then sowing seeds, and in this state, the cut straw is stirred to sink the seeds and grooves are placed at intervals. Since the excavated soil is then covered with the cut straw, it is possible to sow at the right time and with high efficiency even after rainfall without having to wait until the field is completely dry. By covering the soil with trench-cut soil, weeds can be prevented from growing early, and even if it rains after sowing, rainwater will flow from the no-till field into the trenches and cause poor germination. Defense + h
can do.
また、不耕起圃場に切藁を散布してから播種する場合、
攪拌により切藁上に播種した種子を切藁の下の土壌面上
に沈下させることができ、かつ、覆土により切藁の腐蝕
を促進することができると共に雑草が生えること及び鳥
害を受けることを一層確実に防］トすることができる。In addition, when sowing after spreading cut straw in a no-till field,
Stirring allows seeds sown on cut straw to settle on the soil surface below the cut straw, and covering with soil promotes corrosion of the cut straw and prevents weeds from growing and being damaged by birds. can be more reliably prevented.
更に、攪拌と溝切覆土を同時に行なうことにより作業行
程を著しく合理化することができる。Furthermore, the working process can be significantly streamlined by performing stirring and trench cutting and covering at the same time.
また、フレームに支持された横方向の回転軸に、畦幅と
同じ間隔をおいて複数組の作溝爪５を取付け、組をなす
作溝爪５の直後に、耕起された部位に侵入して土を掬上
げる溝浚部２と、該溝浚部２が掬上げた土を両側方の畦
上に案内して均平しながら覆土する覆土部３とからなる
覆土装置を設けた播種用溝切覆土装置において、作溝爪
５・・は不耕起圃場を掘削する時砕土して投擲し、これ
を溝浚部２及び覆土部３が掬上げると共に溝の間に覆土
することとなり、作溝と覆土とを同時に行なうことがで
きる。In addition, a plurality of sets of groove-cutting claws 5 are attached to the horizontal rotating shaft supported by the frame at the same intervals as the ridge width, and the groove-cutting claws 5 are inserted into the plowed area immediately after the set of groove-cutting claws 5. A seeding device equipped with a soil covering device consisting of a trench dredging section 2 for scooping up soil, and a soil covering section 3 for guiding and leveling the soil scooped up by the trench dredging section 2 onto the ridges on both sides and covering the soil with the soil. In the trench cutting and soil covering device, the trench cutting claws 5 crush and throw soil when excavating a no-till field, and the trench dredging section 2 and the soil covering section 3 scoop up the soil and cover the spaces between the trenches. Ditching and covering soil can be done at the same time.
また、掬上板１７を帯状にしたものは溝内の士を上方へ
大きく誘導して畦の中央まで移行するのを助長すること
ができる。Furthermore, the band-shaped scooping plate 17 can greatly guide the ridges in the groove upward and help them move to the center of the ridge.
図面は本発明の一例を示すもので、第１図は溝浚部及び
覆土部を有するロータリ耕耘装置の一部を省略した斜視
図、第２図（ａ）は掘削部、溝没部及び覆土部の平面図
、（ｂ）は同上側面図、第３図は溝浚部及び覆土部の斜
視図、第４図は播種状態を示す断面図、第５〜９図は実
施例■を示すもので第５図は攪拌行程及び溝浚及び覆土
行程を示す斜視図、第６図（ａ）は同上装置の平面図、
（ｂ）はｍ土状態を示す断面図、第７°図は掘削部、溝
浚部及び覆土部の斜視図、第８図は同上作用図、第９図
（ａ）は攪拌前の状態を示す断面図、（ｂ）は攪拌後の
状態を示す断面図、第１θ図（ａ）は掬上板の側面図、
（ｂ）は同上正面図及びそれにより掬上げられて土の状
態を示す断面図、（ｃ）は対象例の正面図及び溝の断面
図、第１ｔ図及び第１２図は覆土幅を示す平面図、第１
３図（ａ）は作業状態を示す側面図、（ｂ）は同上背面
図である。
１・・ロータリ耕耘装置、２・・溝浚部、３・・覆土部
、４・・耕耘軸、５・・作溝爪、１６・・側板、１７１
１・掬上板、１９・・抵抗棒、２０・・取付板、２３・
・土受板
第を図
第７図
第７３図
因
第１ρ図
第２乙図
ヒン
／７ｔＬThe drawings show an example of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a partially omitted perspective view of a rotary tiller having a trench dredging section and a soil covering section, and FIG. (b) is a side view of the same as above, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the ditch dredging part and soil covering part, Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing the sowing state, and Figs. 5 to 9 show Example 2. Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the stirring process, trench dredging and soil covering process, and Fig. 6(a) is a plan view of the same device.
(b) is a cross-sectional view showing the state of m soil, Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the excavation section, trench dredging section, and soil covering section, Fig. 8 is a working view of the same as above, and Fig. 9 (a) is the state before stirring. (b) is a cross-sectional view showing the state after stirring, Figure 1θ (a) is a side view of the scooping plate,
(b) is a front view of the same as above and a cross-sectional view showing the condition of the soil scooped up by the same, (c) is a front view of the target example and a cross-sectional view of the trench, and Figures 1t and 12 are planes showing the soil covering width. Figure, 1st
3(a) is a side view showing the working state, and FIG. 3(b) is a rear view of the same. 1. Rotary tillage device, 2. Groove dredging section, 3. Soil covering section, 4. Tilling shaft, 5. Groove cultivation claw, 16. Side plate, 171
1. Scooping plate, 19.. Resistance rod, 20.. Mounting plate, 23.
・Soil receiving plate No. 7 Fig. 73 Fig. 1 ρ Fig. 2 Otsu Fig. Hin/7tL
Claims (6)
種子を播種し、この状態で前記切藁を攪拌して種子を沈
下させると共に間隔をおいて溝を掘削し、この掘削した
土を前記切藁に覆土することを特徴とする播種方法。(1) In the harvesting and threshing process, waste straw is shredded and scattered on the field, and then seeds are sown, and in this state, the cut straw is stirred to sink the seeds, and grooves are excavated at intervals. A seeding method characterized by covering the cut straw with the soil.
を特徴とする請求項（１）の播種方法。(2) The seeding method according to claim (1), characterized in that trench excavation and soil covering are carried out after the cutting straw stirring process.
ことを特徴とする請求項（１）の播種方法。(3) The seeding method according to claim (1), characterized in that the cutting straw stirring process and the trench excavation and soil covering process are performed substantially simultaneously.
同じ間隔をおいて複数組の作溝爪５を取付け、組をなす
作溝爪５の直後に、耕起された部位に侵入して土を掬上
げる溝浚部２と、該溝浚部２が掬上げた土を両側方の畦
上に案内して均平しながら覆土する覆土部３とからなる
覆土装置を設けたことを特徴とする播種用溝切覆土装置
。(4) A plurality of sets of groove-cutting claws 5 are attached to the horizontal rotating shaft supported by the frame at the same intervals as the ridge width, and the groove-cutting claws 5 are attached to the plowed area immediately after the set of groove-cutting claws 5. A soil covering device is provided which includes a trench dredging section 2 that penetrates and scoops up soil, and a soil covering section 3 that guides the soil scooped up by the trench dredging section 2 onto the ridges on both sides and covers it with the soil while leveling it. A trench cutting and covering soil device for seeding.
ように傾斜させ、正面視で略帯状となして溝の側面が略
垂直になるように構成した請求項（４）記載の播種用溝
切覆土装置。(5) According to claim (4), the scooping upper surface of the groove dredging part 2 is sloped so that the rear part is gradually higher when viewed from the side, and is formed into a substantially band-like shape when viewed from the front, so that the side surfaces of the groove are substantially vertical. A trench cutting and covering soil device for seeding.
（４）記載の播種用溝切覆土装置。(6) The trench-cutting and covering soil device for seeding according to claim (4), wherein the rotating shaft is equipped with stirring means and trenching means.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1324088A JPH0822164B2 (en) | 1988-01-23 | 1988-01-23 | Sowing method and seed cutting gutter cover device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1324088A JPH0822164B2 (en) | 1988-01-23 | 1988-01-23 | Sowing method and seed cutting gutter cover device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01191611A true JPH01191611A (en) | 1989-08-01 |
| JPH0822164B2 JPH0822164B2 (en) | 1996-03-06 |
Family
ID=11827674
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1324088A Expired - Lifetime JPH0822164B2 (en) | 1988-01-23 | 1988-01-23 | Sowing method and seed cutting gutter cover device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0822164B2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09271214A (en) * | 1996-04-02 | 1997-10-21 | Taki Noukougu Kk | Method and device for direct sowing culture of paddy rice on well-drained paddy field |
| CN104145570A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-11-19 | 宁波市鄞州云帆工程咨询有限公司 | Vision obstruction mode pecking-proof sowing method |
| CN108391485A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-08-14 | 武汉衡固光电科技有限公司 | Compound seeder |
| CN108419464A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-08-21 | 华北水利水电大学 | A kind of micro- ditch stalk shield lining molding machine in field |
| CN108551781A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-09-21 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind with broken straw rear-tow type wide row standing crop stalk no-tillage seeding machine |
| CN112930731A (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-06-11 | 时冠军 | Be used for high-efficient soil turning and automatic seeding equipment of agricultural production |
| CN113661811A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-11-19 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A seeder for straw covers ground |
| CN115669322A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-02-03 | 山西农业大学 | Grooving and seeding device based on straw pressing die covering |
-
1988
- 1988-01-23 JP JP1324088A patent/JPH0822164B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09271214A (en) * | 1996-04-02 | 1997-10-21 | Taki Noukougu Kk | Method and device for direct sowing culture of paddy rice on well-drained paddy field |
| CN104145570A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-11-19 | 宁波市鄞州云帆工程咨询有限公司 | Vision obstruction mode pecking-proof sowing method |
| CN108419464A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-08-21 | 华北水利水电大学 | A kind of micro- ditch stalk shield lining molding machine in field |
| CN108551781A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-09-21 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind with broken straw rear-tow type wide row standing crop stalk no-tillage seeding machine |
| CN108391485A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-08-14 | 武汉衡固光电科技有限公司 | Compound seeder |
| CN112930731A (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-06-11 | 时冠军 | Be used for high-efficient soil turning and automatic seeding equipment of agricultural production |
| CN113661811A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-11-19 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A seeder for straw covers ground |
| CN113661811B (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2023-11-24 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Sowing device for covering ground with straw |
| CN115669322A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-02-03 | 山西农业大学 | Grooving and seeding device based on straw pressing die covering |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0822164B2 (en) | 1996-03-06 |
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