JPH01148724A - Production of polarization retaining fiber - Google Patents
Production of polarization retaining fiberInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01148724A JPH01148724A JP62306723A JP30672387A JPH01148724A JP H01148724 A JPH01148724 A JP H01148724A JP 62306723 A JP62306723 A JP 62306723A JP 30672387 A JP30672387 A JP 30672387A JP H01148724 A JPH01148724 A JP H01148724A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- core
- fiber
- polarization
- clad
- preform
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000025174 PANDAS Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000021155 Paediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000000220 Panda oleosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016496 Panda oleosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/105—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type having optical polarisation effects
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/01205—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments
- C03B37/01211—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube
- C03B37/01217—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube for making preforms of polarisation-maintaining optical fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
- C03B2203/10—Internal structure or shape details
- C03B2203/12—Non-circular or non-elliptical cross-section, e.g. planar core
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
- C03B2203/30—Polarisation maintaining [PM], i.e. birefringent products, e.g. with elliptical core, by use of stress rods, "PANDA" type fibres
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕 ′
本発明は光フアイバ通信や光フアイバセンサに使われる
偏光保持ファイバの製造方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] ' The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing polarization-maintaining fiber used in optical fiber communications and optical fiber sensors.
従来から、光通信や光フアイバセンサにおいて単に光の
強度信号を伝送するのではなく、光の強度と光の位相や
偏光特性をも含めた情報を伝送する光ファイバとして、
第６図ａ）、ｂ）、ｃ）にあるような、光ファイバのコ
ア部に複屈折性を持たせた偏光保持ファイバが考えられ
ていた。ここで１はコア、２はクラッド、３は応力付与
部を示す。Conventionally, optical fibers have been used in optical communications and optical fiber sensors to not only transmit light intensity signals, but also information including light intensity, light phase, and polarization characteristics.
Polarization-maintaining fibers in which the core portion of the optical fiber has birefringence, as shown in FIGS. 6a), b), and c), have been considered. Here, 1 is a core, 2 is a cladding, and 3 is a stress applying part.
しかし上記の如き従来の偏光保持ファイバにおいては、
コア部の断面形状が円に近いという制限があり、又複屈
折の程度も材料や構成の面から或いはシングルモードの
条件の面からの制限があり、偏波保持ファイバの性能に
限界があるという問題があった。However, in the conventional polarization maintaining fiber as mentioned above,
There is a restriction that the cross-sectional shape of the core part is close to a circle, and there are also restrictions on the degree of birefringence due to the material and structure, or from the single mode condition, which limits the performance of polarization-maintaining fiber. There was a problem.
そこでこれを解決する為にコア部の断面形状が矩形のも
のが理論上考えられるが製造方法が確立しておらずいま
だ実現されていないという問題点がある。In order to solve this problem, it is theoretically possible to create a core with a rectangular cross-sectional shape, but there is a problem in that the manufacturing method has not been established and this has not yet been realized.
本発明はこの様な従来の問題点を鑑みてなされたもので
、偏光保持ファイバの単一モード性、伝送損失、は失な
わずに偏波保持特性、すなわち消光比或いはクロトーク
の性質の極端に良い。又、コアの形状が矩形の偏波保持
ファイバの製造方法を得ることを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of these conventional problems, and it is possible to reduce the polarization-maintaining characteristic, that is, the extinction ratio or crotalk property, to the extremes without losing the single mode property and transmission loss of the polarization-maintaining fiber. good. Another object of the present invention is to obtain a method of manufacturing a polarization-maintaining fiber having a rectangular core shape.
上記問題点の解決のために本発明では、コアを形成する
部分を予め四角柱状に削り、クラッドを形成する部分の
中心に前記四角柱状のコアが挿入され得る四角柱状中空
部を穿ち、前記四角柱状クラッドを前記中空部に挿入し
て加熱して透明ガラス化し、その後クラッド外形を真円
柱状或いは角柱状になる様削った後にクラッド外形々状
が真円柱状或いは角柱状を保持する様線引きする様にし
た。In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, the part forming the core is cut into a square prism shape in advance, a square prism-shaped hollow part into which the square prism core can be inserted is bored in the center of the part forming the cladding, and A columnar cladding is inserted into the hollow part and heated to make it transparent vitrified, and then the outer shape of the cladding is cut into a perfect circular columnar or prismatic shape, and then lines are drawn so that the outer shape of the cladding maintains a perfect circular columnar or prismatic shape. I did it like that.
〔作 用］
本発明では、ファイバのコア部の断面形状が円に近い形
でなくむしろ矩形に近い形なので入射した光で、矩形の
隣接する２つの辺にそれぞれ平行な各々の直線偏光に分
解した光はファイバ内で旋光せず、各々の偏光状態が保
持されたまま伝搬されうる。これは矩形導波管の中をマ
イクロ波が伝搬するのとほぼ同じ作用と考えられる。[Function] In the present invention, since the cross-sectional shape of the fiber core is not close to a circle but rather close to a rectangle, the incident light is decomposed into linearly polarized light that is parallel to two adjacent sides of the rectangle. The resulting light is not rotated within the fiber and can be propagated with each polarization state maintained. This is considered to be almost the same effect as when microwaves propagate in a rectangular waveguide.
本発明では線引き工程の前にクラッド外形を真円柱状に
削って形状を整えた上で真円柱の外形状を保持しつつ線
引きするので、コアの矩形とクラッドの真円形が保持さ
れて略理想的なファイバが製造することができる。In the present invention, before the wire drawing process, the outer shape of the cladding is shaved into a perfect cylindrical shape and drawn while maintaining the outer shape of a perfect cylinder, so the rectangular shape of the core and the perfect circular shape of the cladding are maintained, which is almost ideal. fibers can be produced.
〔実施例］
第１回は本発明の第１の実施例であって、ファイバのコ
ア（１）は矩形であり、クラッド（２）の中央に均一に
配置されている。[Example] The first example is the first example of the present invention, in which the core (1) of the fiber is rectangular and uniformly arranged in the center of the cladding (2).
クラッド（２）の回りには保護用にたとえばプライマリ
コート（４１）やその回りのバッファ層やジャケット層
など（４２）で被覆されている。The cladding (2) is covered with, for example, a primary coat (41) and a buffer layer or jacket layer (42) around it for protection.
本発明のコア（１）に光を、その偏光軸のひとつの軸と
コア（１）の一つの辺とが平行しているような偏向光で
あるような状態で入射させると、この偏向光は、ファイ
バの他端で出射する時まで状態が変わらない。When light is incident on the core (1) of the present invention in such a state that one of its polarization axes is parallel to one side of the core (1), this polarized light does not change its state until it exits at the other end of the fiber.
矩形のコアの幅は、各々の軸について使用波長に対して
シングルモードとなる値を使うことは云うまでもない。Needless to say, the width of the rectangular core is set to a value that provides a single mode for the wavelength used for each axis.
例えば波長が０．８５μでコアとクラッドの屈折率差が
０．００３５のときはコアの幅は約５μｍである。For example, when the wavelength is 0.85 μm and the refractive index difference between the core and the cladding is 0.0035, the width of the core is about 5 μm.
第２図は本発明の第２の実施例であり、さらにその特徴
を強くするために、クラッドの中のコアの両側に応力付
与部（３）を与えている、いわゆる偏光保持ファイバの
場合である。やはり矩形のコアでできている。この応力
付与部の形状や大きさは第２図のようなパンダ型だけで
なく、第６図のようなだ円クラッド型やボータイ型にし
ても良い。Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, which is a so-called polarization-maintaining fiber in which stress-applying parts (3) are provided on both sides of the core in the cladding to further enhance its characteristics. be. It is also made of a rectangular core. The shape and size of this stress applying part is not limited to the panda shape as shown in FIG. 2, but may also be an elliptical clad shape or a bow tie shape as shown in FIG.
次に本発明のファイバの製造方法の一実施例を説明する
。第３図は本発明のファイバの製造過程の一例である。Next, an embodiment of the fiber manufacturing method of the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 shows an example of the manufacturing process of the fiber of the present invention.
まず、ファイバのスート状のものをＣＶＤ法、ＶＡＤ法
、二重るつぼ法などで作製しく第３図（ａＮ、次に内部
のコア部となる部分を四角柱状に削り抜きクラッド部（
２１）としく第３図（ｂ−ＩＮ、コア部となるもの（１
１）を別に作製して四角柱状に削り（第３１Ｆ （ｂ−
２）ｌクラッド部の中に挿入したあと、全体を例えば高
温の炉の中で透明ガラス化してプリフォームを作る（第
３図（Ｃ））。尚、ガラス化する際全体が縮小し、下部
先端が細くなる。この時、中空部とコア部との間にすき
間がある場合、側面からつぶすが、この場合、コアの四
角柱の面と合わせて四方より圧力をかける。この四方か
らかける圧力によりプリフォームが四角柱状に変形した
らこれを削って円形に整形し、更に加熱して表面を成形
したプリフォームにする。該プリフォームを加熱した上
で外形が円形に保持しつつ線引きする事によってコア形
状が矩形の光ファイバが製造される。First, a soot-like fiber is manufactured using the CVD method, VAD method, double crucible method, etc. (Fig.
21) Figure 3 (b-IN, core part (1)
1) was prepared separately and cut into a square prism shape (No. 31F (b-
2) After inserting it into the cladding part, the whole is made into transparent glass in a high-temperature furnace, for example, to produce a preform (FIG. 3(C)). It should be noted that during vitrification, the entire structure shrinks and the lower tip becomes thinner. At this time, if there is a gap between the hollow part and the core part, it is crushed from the sides; in this case, pressure is applied from all sides along with the square prism faces of the core. When the preform is deformed into a rectangular prism by the pressure applied from all sides, it is shaved into a circular shape, and then heated to create a preform with a shaped surface. An optical fiber having a rectangular core shape is manufactured by heating the preform and drawing it while maintaining a circular outer shape.
線引きや、プライマリコートやジャケントの被覆は、通
常のファイバ製造の際の技術と同様にする。The drawing, primary coat, and jacket coating are performed in the same manner as in ordinary fiber manufacturing.
第４図は、偏光保持ファイバのプリフォーム又はそれ以
前の状態又は出き上がりの状態であり、クラッド部（２
）、コア部（１）の他に応力付与部（３）が、本発明の
方法及び応力付与部の組み込み方の通常の方法による組
み合せである。Figure 4 shows the preform of the polarization maintaining fiber, the state before it, or the completed state, and shows the cladding part (2
), the stress applying part (3) in addition to the core part (1) is a combination according to the method of the invention and the usual method of incorporating the stress applying part.
第５図は、偏光保持ファイバで、クラッド部の形状をコ
アの矩形と同様な面の矩形に近い形にしである。プリフ
ォーム又は出来上がりのファイバを示している。この形
はこのファイバを小さく巻回して偏光子とする場合や、
偏光軸を合せて接続又は融着するなどその他部光軸を知
りたい時に有効である。FIG. 5 shows a polarization-maintaining fiber in which the shape of the cladding portion is close to a rectangle with the same plane as the rectangle of the core. A preform or finished fiber is shown. This shape is used when winding this fiber into a small size and using it as a polarizer,
It is effective when you want to know the optical axis of other parts, such as when connecting or fusing the polarization axes.
以上の様に本発明によれば、ファイバのコア部を四角く
する事が出来る為、コアに入射する光の偏光軸を四角の
コアの辺に合せると、その光が出射するまでその偏光軸
が変わらない効果がある。As described above, according to the present invention, the core of the fiber can be made square, so when the polarization axis of the light incident on the core is aligned with the sides of the square core, the polarization axis of the light will change until it is emitted. It has the same effect.
この効果は、従来の第６図のような偏光保持ファイバが
持っている応力付与部が不用であるにも拘らず、それら
よりも偏光保持の能力はすなわち消光比は大きく、絶対
偏波ファイバと言ってもよい程の偏光保持ファイバが製
造可能となる。Although this effect does not require the stress-applying part that conventional polarization-maintaining fibers have as shown in Figure 6, it has a higher polarization-maintaining ability than those, that is, a higher extinction ratio, and is comparable to absolute polarization fibers. It becomes possible to manufacture polarization-maintaining fibers.
更に、第２図のように応力付与部を設けて、コア部を複
屈折にすれば、偏光保持の能力すなわち消光比は更に強
くなることは言うまでもない。Furthermore, it goes without saying that if a stress applying section is provided as shown in FIG. 2 and the core section is made birefringent, the ability to maintain polarization, that is, the extinction ratio, will be further strengthened.
第１図は本発明による偏光保持ファイバの一実施例の断
面図、
第２図は別の実施例の偏光保持ファイバの断面図、
第３図は本発明の製造過程を示す説明図、第４図、第５
図は別の実施例のプリフォーム、第６図は従来の偏光保
持ファイバを示す断面図である。
〔主要部分の符号の説明〕
１・・・・・・ファイバのコア、
２・・・・・・ファイバのクラッド、
３・・・・・・ファイバの応力付与部、１１・・・ファ
イバのコア部、
２１・・・ファイバのクラッド部。
出願人 日本光学工業株式会社FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the polarization-maintaining fiber according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the polarization-maintaining fiber, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the manufacturing process of the present invention, and FIG. Figure, 5th
The figure shows a preform of another embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a conventional polarization-maintaining fiber. [Explanation of symbols of main parts] 1... Core of fiber, 2... Clad of fiber, 3... Stress applying part of fiber, 11... Core of fiber Section 21...Fiber cladding section. Applicant Nippon Kogaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.
Claims (1)
角柱状の中空部を穿つ工程と、該中空部に該四角柱状コ
ア部を挿入する工程と、それを加熱して透明ガラス化す
る工程と、 その後クラッド外形を整形する工程と、線引き工程とよ
りなる事を特徴とする偏光保持ファイバの製造方法。[Claims] A step of cutting the core portion into a square columnar shape, a step of boring a square columnar hollow portion in the center of the cladding portion, a step of inserting the square columnar core portion into the hollow portion, and a step of heating the core portion. A method for manufacturing a polarization-maintaining fiber, comprising: a step of converting the fiber into transparent glass, a step of shaping the outer shape of the cladding, and a drawing step.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62306723A JPH01148724A (en) | 1987-12-03 | 1987-12-03 | Production of polarization retaining fiber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62306723A JPH01148724A (en) | 1987-12-03 | 1987-12-03 | Production of polarization retaining fiber |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01148724A true JPH01148724A (en) | 1989-06-12 |
Family
ID=17960523
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62306723A Pending JPH01148724A (en) | 1987-12-03 | 1987-12-03 | Production of polarization retaining fiber |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01148724A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001014271A1 (en) * | 1999-08-20 | 2001-03-01 | Corning Incorporated | Method for making optical fibers having cores with non-circular cross-sections |
| JP2010122589A (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2010-06-03 | Sony Corp | Stereoscopic image display, polarized light splitting and synthesizing device, and stereoscopic image display method |
| WO2016110153A1 (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2016-07-14 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | Small-diameter polarization maintaining optical fibre |
-
1987
- 1987-12-03 JP JP62306723A patent/JPH01148724A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001014271A1 (en) * | 1999-08-20 | 2001-03-01 | Corning Incorporated | Method for making optical fibers having cores with non-circular cross-sections |
| US6427491B1 (en) | 1999-08-20 | 2002-08-06 | Corning Incorporated | Method for making fibers having cores with non-circular cross-sections |
| JP2010122589A (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2010-06-03 | Sony Corp | Stereoscopic image display, polarized light splitting and synthesizing device, and stereoscopic image display method |
| WO2016110153A1 (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2016-07-14 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | Small-diameter polarization maintaining optical fibre |
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