JP7470202B2 - 負極活物質及びそれを用いた電気化学装置、並びに電子装置 - Google Patents
負極活物質及びそれを用いた電気化学装置、並びに電子装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7470202B2 JP7470202B2 JP2022554873A JP2022554873A JP7470202B2 JP 7470202 B2 JP7470202 B2 JP 7470202B2 JP 2022554873 A JP2022554873 A JP 2022554873A JP 2022554873 A JP2022554873 A JP 2022554873A JP 7470202 B2 JP7470202 B2 JP 7470202B2
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KLKFAASOGCDTDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCOCC KLKFAASOGCDTDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CJYZTOPVWURGAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;manganese;manganese(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [Li+].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Mn].[Mn+3] CJYZTOPVWURGAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl carbonate Chemical compound COC([O-])=O CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940057061 mevalonolactone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005569 poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMOVHXAZOJBABW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C WMOVHXAZOJBABW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioxidane Chemical class OOO JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009461 vacuum packaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
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- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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Description
(a)5tの圧力で、前記負極活物質の圧縮密度(compaction density)は、1.80g/cm3~2.00g/cm3であることと、
(b)前記負極活物質のDv50は10.0μm~23.0μmであり、かつ前記負極活物質のDv99は29.9μm~50.2μmであることと、
のうち少なくとも1つを満たす。
(d)前記負極活物質層の厚さは90μm~160μmであることと、
(e)前記電気化学装置が満充電状態である場合、X線回折法により、前記負極活物質層の(004)面のピーク面積C004と(110)面のピーク面積C110との比C004/C110は6~15であることと、
のうち少なくとも1つを満たす。
前記導電層は、
(f)前記導電層の厚さは0.3μm~3μmであることと、
(g)前記導電層は、カーボンナノチューブ、炭素繊維、カーボンブラック又はグラフェンのうち少なくとも1つを含む炭素材料を含むことと、
のうち少なくとも1つを満たす。
本発明の他の態様及び利点は部分的に後述の記載で述べられ、表示され、又は本発明の実施例の実施により説明される。
特に説明しない限り、本発明の電気化学装置は50%の充電状態(SOC)にある。
本発明の電気化学装置において、前記負極活物質層は、本発明における負極活物質を含む。
本発明の実施例によれば、前記負極は、ポリビニルアルコール、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ジアセチルセルロース、ポリ塩化ビニル、カルボキシル化されたポリ塩化ビニル、ポリフッ化ビニル、オキシエチレン含有ポリマー、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリウレタン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ポリ(1,1-ジフルオロエチレン)、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、スチレンブタジエンゴム、アクリル酸(アクレート化)スチレンブタジエンゴム、エポキシ樹脂又はナイロン等から選択される少なくとも1つの粘着剤をさらに含む。
正極は、正極集電体と、正極集電体の上に設けられた正極活物質とを含む。正極活物質の具体的な種類は、いずれも具体的な制限を受けず、必要に応じて選択することができる。
結着剤は、正極活物質粒子同士の間の結合を向上させ、また、正極活物質と集電体との結合を向上させる成分である。結着剤としては、特に制限されず、例えば、ポリビニルアルコール、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ジアセチルセルロース、ポリ塩化ビニル、カルボキシル化されたポリ塩化ビニル、ポリフッ化ビニル、オキシエチレン含有ポリマー、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリウレタン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ポリ(1,1-ジフルオロエチレン)、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、スチレン-ブタジエンゴム、アクリル酸(アクレート化)スチレン-ブタジエンゴム、エポキシ樹脂、ナイロン等を含む。
本発明の実施例に用いられる電解液は、従来技術に知られている電解液であってもよい。本発明の実施例の電解液に用いられる電解質は、例えばLiClO4、LiAsF6、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiSbF6、LiSO3F、LiN(FSO2)2などの無機リチウム塩、例えばLiCF3SO3、LiN(FSO2)(CF3SO2)、LiN(CF3SO2)2、LiN(C2F5SO2)2、環状1、3-ヘキサフルオロプロパンジスルホニルイミドリチウム、環状1、2-テトラフルオロエタンジスルホニルイミドリチウム、LiN(CF3SO2)(C4F9SO2)、LiC(CF3SO2)3、LiPF4(CF3)2、LiPF4(C2F5)2、LiPF4(CF3SO2)2、LiPF4(C2F5SO2)2、LiBF2(CF3)2、LiBF2(C2F5)2、LiBF2(CF3SO2)2、LiBF2(C2F5SO2)2などのフッ素含有有機リチウム塩、例えばビス(オキサラト)ホウ酸リチウム、ジフルオロオキサラトホウ酸リチウム、トリス(オキサラト)リン酸リチウム、ジフルオロビス(オキサラト)リン酸リチウム、テトラフルオロ(オキサラト)リン酸リチウムなどのジカルボン酸含有錯体リチウム塩を含むが、これらに限定されない。また、上記電解質は一種単独で、又は、同時に二種又は二種以上を組み合わせて使用してもよい。例えば、いくつかの実施例において、電解質はLiPF6及びLiBF4の組み合わせを含む。いくつかの実施例において、電解質は、LiPF6又はLiBF4等の無機リチウム塩と、LiCF3SO3、LiN(CF3SO2)2、LiN(C2F5SO2)2等のフッ素含有有機リチウム塩との組み合わせを含む。
いくつかの実施形態において、短絡を防止するために、正極と負極との間にセパレータが設けられて。本発明の実施例に用いられるセパレータの材料及び形状は特に制限されず、従来技術に開示された任意のものであってもよい。いくつかの実施形態において、セパレータは本発明の電解液に安定な材料から形成されたポリマー又は無機物等を含む。
本発明の電気化学装置は、電気化学反応を発生する任意の装置を含み、その具体例は、あらゆる種類の一次電池、二次電池、燃料電池、太陽電池又はキャパシタを含む。特に、該電気化学装置はリチウム金属二次電池、リチウムイオン二次電池、リチウムポリマー二次電池又はリチウムイオンポリマー二次電池を含むリチウム二次電池である。
1、負極の作製
黒鉛化された黒鉛粒子と、重油又は軟化点が120℃未満であるアスファルト液体(添加量1wt%~10wt%である。)とを、20r/min~100r/minの撹拌速度で十分に撹拌した後、炭化炉に置き、50℃/h~100℃/hの昇温速度で800℃~1500℃まで加熱し、液相で被覆された黒鉛活物質を得る。
コバルト酸リチウム(LiCoO2)、アセチレンブラック、ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)を96:2:2の重量比で適量のN-メチルピロリドン(NMP)に十分に撹拌して均一に混合した後、正極集電体であるアルミニウム箔に塗布し、乾燥させ、冷間圧延して正極活物質層を得て、極耳を溶接して正極を得る。
乾燥アルゴンガスの雰囲気で、エチレンカーボネート(EC)、プロピレンカーボネート(PC)及びジエチルカーボネート(DEC)を1:1:1の重量比で混合し、LiPF6を加えて、均一に混合する。3%のフルオロエチレンカーボネートを添加し、均一に混合した後に電解液を得て、ここでLiPF6の濃度は1.15mol/Lである。
セパレータとして、厚さが12μmであるポリエチレン(PE)多孔質ポリマーフィルムを用いた。
セパレータが正極と負極との間に位置して隔離の機能を果たすように、正極、セパレータ、負極を順に積層し、次に巻回し、外包装であるアルミニウムプラスチックフィルムに置き、上記調製された電解液を注入し、真空パッケージ、静置、フォーメーション、成形、容量測定等の工程を経て、リチウムイオン電池を得る。
1、異なる粒径の粒子の篩分けの方法
負極活物質層を負極から掻き取られ、掻き取られた負極活物質層を炭酸ジメチルの溶媒に置き、5分間撹拌した後、3時間静置し、濾過する。得られた負極活物質を150℃の温度で4時間乾燥させ、サンプル40gを300~500メッシュの篩に入れ、篩にかけ、それぞれ篩の上のもの及び篩の下のものを取り、Dv50が7.1μm~15.1μmである粒子及びDv50が23.5μm~39.9μmである粒子を得る。
マルバーン粒度分布測定装置で負極活物質の粒径を測定する。サンプルを分散剤としてエタノールに分散させ、30分間超音波処理した後、サンプルをマルバーン粒度分布測定装置に加えて、サンプルのDv50又はDv99を測定する。
レーザー顕微鏡共焦点ラマン分光計を用いて、サンプルの表面欠陥率を測定する。サンプルの1350cm-1におけるピーク強度IDと1580cm-1におけるピーク強度IGとの比ID/IG値を用いて、サンプルの表面欠陥率を特徴付ける。個々のサンプルに対して、複数の電位を測定し、その標準偏差により、異なる領域の表面欠陥率の均一性を特徴付ける。
リチウムイオン電池を0.5Cで4.45Vまで充電し、初回充電容量Cを記録した後、0.5Cで3.0Vまで放電し、その放電容量Dを記録する。以下の式により、リチウムイオン電池の初回効率CEを計算する。
CE=D/C。
リチウムイオン電池を1.5Cレートの電流で4.45Vまで定電流充電し、さらに4.45Vで0.05Cまで定電圧充電し、30分間静置する。0.1Cレートの電流で10秒間放電し、電圧値を測定し、U1と表記する。1Cで360秒放電し、電圧値を測定し、U2と表記する。上記充放電ステップを5回繰り返し、リチウムイオン電池を50%充電状態(SOC)にする。「1C」とは、1時間内にリチウムイオン電池容量を完全に放電させた電流値を意味する。以下の式により、リチウムイオン電池の50%充電状態(SOC)での直流抵抗Rを計算する。
R=(U2-U1)/(1C-0.1C)。
リチウムイオン電池を1.5Cレートの電流で4.45Vまで定電流充電し、この時の容量をCC値として記録した後、4.45Vで0.05Cまで定電圧充電し、この時のリチウムイオン電池の容量がCV値として記録する。リチウムイオン電池の1.5CレートでのCC/(CC+CV)×100%の値を計算する。
GB/T13464-2008基準に従って、負極活物質層に対して示差走査熱量による測定を行う:負極活物質層が入られた坩堝をDSC測定装置に置き、装置のパージガスを60Ml/minに、保護ガスを20Ml/minに調整し、測定を行う。
表1は、リチウムイオン電池の初回効率および直流抵抗(DCR)に対する負極活物質の特性の影響を示している。図1は、本発明の実施例1の負極活物質におけるDv50が7.1μm~15.1μmである粒子のID1/IG1の分布図を示している。図2は、本発明の実施例1の負極活物質におけるDv50が23.5μm~39.9μmである粒子のID2/IG2の分布図を示している。結果により、黒鉛粒子原料の粒径を調整することにより負極活物質における異なる粒径の粒子の表面欠陥率を制御することができることがわかった。負極活物質における小さな粒子(Dv50が7.1μm~15.1μmである。)と、大きな粒子(Dv50が23.5μm~39.9μmである。)との表面欠陥率の変化傾向はほぼ一致している。負極活物質における小さな粒子の表面欠陥率が大きい場合、大きな粒子の表面欠陥率も大きい。実施例7で使用された負極活物質層の示差走査熱量スペクトルは図3に示すように、二回の測定により、負極活物質層は、50℃~450℃の範囲内で放熱面積の平均値が1412J/gである。
Claims (11)
- 黒鉛を含む負極活物質であって、
ラマン分光法により、負極活物質におけるDv50が7.1μm~15.1μmである粒子は、1350cm-1におけるピーク強度ID1と1580cm-1におけるピーク強度IG1との比ID1/IG1が0.41~0.63の範囲内にあり、
前記負極活物質におけるDv50が23.5μm~39.9μmである粒子は、1350cm-1におけるピーク強度ID2と1580cm-1におけるピーク強度IG2との比ID2/IG2が0.18~0.39の範囲内にある、負極活物質。 - ラマン分光法により、前記負極活物質は、1350cm-1におけるピーク強度IDと1580cm-1におけるピーク強度IGとの比ID/IGの平均値が0.15~0.50の範囲内にあり、標準偏差が0.02~0.23である、請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- X線回折法により、前記黒鉛の水平方向に沿った結晶粒サイズLaが70nm~90nmの範囲内にあり、前記黒鉛の垂直方向に沿った結晶粒サイズLcが20nm~30nmの範囲内にある、請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記黒鉛の表面に非晶質炭素層があり、前記非晶質炭素層の厚さが1nm~50nmである、請求項1に記載の負極活物質。
- 前記負極活物質は、
前記負極活物質のDv50は10.0μm~23.0μmであり、前記負極活物質のDv99は29.9μm~50.2μmであることを満たす、請求項1に記載の負極活物質。 - 正極と、セパレータと、電解液と、負極とを含む電気化学装置であって、
前記負極は、負極集電体と負極活物質層とを含み、
前記負極活物質層は、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の負極活物質を含む、電気化学装置。 - 前記電気化学装置が満充電状態である場合、前記負極活物質層は、1350cm-1におけるピーク強度ID’と1580cm-1におけるピーク強度IG’との比ID’/IG’の平均値が0.19~0.50の範囲内にあり、標準偏差が0.01~0.2である、請求項6に記載の電気化学装置。
- 前記電気化学装置が満充電状態である場合、示差走査熱量法を用いて、前記負極活物質層は、50℃~450℃の範囲内で放熱面積が500J/g~2000J/gである、請求項6に記載の電気化学装置。
- 前記負極活物質層は、
(d)前記負極活物質層の厚さは90μm~160μmであることと、
(e)前記電気化学装置が満充電状態である場合、X線回折法により、前記負極活物質層の(004)面のピーク面積C004と(110)面のピーク面積C110との比C004/C110は6~15であることと、
のうち少なくとも1つを満たす、請求項6に記載の電気化学装置。 - 前記負極はさらに導電層を含み、前記導電層は前記負極集電体と前記負極活物質層との間に設けられ、
前記導電層は、
(f)前記導電層の厚さは0.3μm~3μmであることと、
(g)前記導電層は炭素材料を含み、前記炭素材料はカーボンナノチューブ、炭素繊維、カーボンブラック又はグラフェンのうち少なくとも1つを含むことと、
のうち少なくとも1つを満たす、請求項6に記載の電気化学装置。 - 請求項6~10のいずれか一項に記載の電気化学装置を含む電子装置。
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CN112563491B (zh) * | 2019-03-21 | 2023-10-24 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | 负极材料及包含该负极材料的负极及电化学装置 |
CN113497230A (zh) * | 2020-03-20 | 2021-10-12 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | 负极活性材料及使用其的电化学装置和电子装置 |
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