JP7314840B2 - Exhaust structure - Google Patents

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JP7314840B2
JP7314840B2 JP2020041004A JP2020041004A JP7314840B2 JP 7314840 B2 JP7314840 B2 JP 7314840B2 JP 2020041004 A JP2020041004 A JP 2020041004A JP 2020041004 A JP2020041004 A JP 2020041004A JP 7314840 B2 JP7314840 B2 JP 7314840B2
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exhaust pipe
upstream
downstream
exhaust
urea water
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JP2021143601A (en
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達也 上川
智洋 藤原
建都 金田
悠治 葛西
憲仁 岩田
研二 加藤
翔 長谷川
亮二 甲斐
信隆 綾部
健 宮脇
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Description

本開示は、排気構造に関する。 The present disclosure relates to exhaust structures.

従来、内燃機関から排出された排ガスを浄化するシステムとして、尿素ＳＣＲ（Selective Catalytic Reduction）システムが知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。また、尿素ＳＣＲシステムでは、尿素水を噴射するインジェクタが設けられる上流側排気管と、ＳＣＲ触媒が設けられる下流側排気管とが接続されて成ることが知られている。 Conventionally, a urea SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) system is known as a system for purifying exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine (see Patent Document 1, for example). Further, it is known that the urea SCR system is formed by connecting an upstream exhaust pipe provided with an injector for injecting urea water and a downstream exhaust pipe provided with an SCR catalyst.

特開２０１８－５３８９７号公報JP 2018-53897 A

しかしながら、上流側排気管と下流側排気管との接続部分に生じた段差に還元剤が溜まり、腐食が発生するおそれがあった。 However, there is a risk that the reducing agent will accumulate in the step formed at the connecting portion between the upstream side exhaust pipe and the downstream side exhaust pipe, causing corrosion.

本開示の一態様の目的は、腐食の発生を抑制することができる排気構造を提供することである。 An object of one aspect of the present disclosure is to provide an exhaust structure capable of suppressing the occurrence of corrosion.

本開示の一態様に係る排気構造は、内燃機関から排出される排ガスが流れる上流側排気管と下流側排気管とが直列に接続された排気構造であって、前記上流側排気管の下流端の内径は、前記下流側排気管の上流端の内径よりも小さく、前記上流側排気管の下流端は、前記下流側排気管の上流端の内部に挿入され、前記上流側排気管の下流端の外周面と、前記下流側排気管の上流端の内周面とが互いに接触した状態で固定されている。 An exhaust structure according to one aspect of the present disclosure is an exhaust structure in which an upstream exhaust pipe through which exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine flows and a downstream exhaust pipe are connected in series, wherein the inner diameter of the downstream end of the upstream exhaust pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the upstream end of the downstream exhaust pipe, the downstream end of the upstream exhaust pipe is inserted inside the upstream end of the downstream exhaust pipe, and the outer peripheral surface of the downstream end of the upstream exhaust pipe and the inner peripheral surface of the upstream end of the downstream exhaust pipe are in contact with each other. Fixed.

本開示によれば、腐食の発生を抑制することができる。 According to the present disclosure, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of corrosion.

本開示の実施の形態に係る排気構造の構成の一例を示す模式図Schematic diagram showing an example of a configuration of an exhaust structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure 本開示の実施の形態の比較例に係る排気構造の構成の一例を示す模式図Schematic diagram showing an example of a configuration of an exhaust structure according to a comparative example of an embodiment of the present disclosure

本開示の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。 Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.

まず、図１を用いて、本実施の形態に係る排気構造１００の構成について説明する。図１は、排気構造１００の構成の一例を示す模式図である。 First, the configuration of an exhaust structure 100 according to the present embodiment will be described using FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the exhaust structure 100. As shown in FIG.

排気構造１００は、例えば、内燃機関を搭載した車両（例えば、バス、トラック等の商用車）に搭載される。内燃機関は、ディーゼルエンジンでもよいし、ガソリンエンジンでもよい。 The exhaust structure 100 is mounted, for example, on a vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine (eg, commercial vehicles such as buses and trucks). The internal combustion engine may be a diesel engine or a gasoline engine.

図１に示すように、排気構造１００は、上流側排気管１、下流側排気管２、尿素水噴射装置３、ミキサー４、ＳＣＲ（Selective Catalytic Reduction）触媒５を有する。 As shown in FIG. 1 , the exhaust structure 100 has an upstream exhaust pipe 1 , a downstream exhaust pipe 2 , an aqueous urea injection device 3 , a mixer 4 and a SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) catalyst 5 .

上流側排気管１および下流側排気管２は、内燃機関から排出された排ガスが流れる筒状の配管である。上流側排気管１と下流側排気管２とは、直列に接続されている。図１に示す矢印Ａは、上流側排気管１内および下流側排気管２内における排ガスの流れ方向を示している。 The upstream exhaust pipe 1 and the downstream exhaust pipe 2 are tubular pipes through which exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine flows. The upstream exhaust pipe 1 and the downstream exhaust pipe 2 are connected in series. An arrow A shown in FIG. 1 indicates the flow direction of the exhaust gas in the upstream side exhaust pipe 1 and the downstream side exhaust pipe 2 .

図示は省略するが、上流側排気管１の上流端は、内燃機関に設けられた排気マニホールドに接続されている。また、図示は省略するが、下流側排気管２の下流端は、大気に面してもよいし、排気ディフューザ等に接続されてもよい。 Although not shown, the upstream end of the upstream exhaust pipe 1 is connected to an exhaust manifold provided in the internal combustion engine. Although not shown, the downstream end of the downstream exhaust pipe 2 may face the atmosphere or may be connected to an exhaust diffuser or the like.

上流側排気管１の下流端の内径ａは、下流側排気管２の上流端の内径ｂよりも短い（小さい）。上流側排気管１の下流端は、下流側排気管２の上流端の内部に挿入されている。また、上流側排気管１の下流端の外周面と、下流側排気管２の上流端の内周面とは互いに接触した状態で固定（例えば、溶接）されている。 The inner diameter a at the downstream end of the upstream exhaust pipe 1 is shorter (smaller) than the inner diameter b at the upstream end of the downstream exhaust pipe 2 . The downstream end of the upstream exhaust pipe 1 is inserted inside the upstream end of the downstream exhaust pipe 2 . The outer peripheral surface of the downstream end of the upstream exhaust pipe 1 and the inner peripheral surface of the upstream end of the downstream exhaust pipe 2 are fixed (for example, welded) in contact with each other.

上流側排気管１の材料としては、例えば、ＳＵＳ（Steel Use Stainless)４３６またはＳＵＳ４４４を用いることができる。下流側排気管２の材料としては、例えば、ＳＵＳ４３６、ＳＵＳ４４４、またはＳＵＳ４４７を用いることができる。 As a material of the upstream side exhaust pipe 1, for example, SUS (Steel Use Stainless) 436 or SUS444 can be used. As a material of the downstream side exhaust pipe 2, for example, SUS436, SUS444, or SUS447 can be used.

例えば、上流側排気管１の材料として、ＳＵＳ４３６を用い、下流側排気管２の材料として、より耐食性が高いＳＵＳ４４７を用いることにより、下流側排気管２が上流側排気管１よりも耐食性に優れるように構成することができる。 For example, by using SUS436 as the material of the upstream side exhaust pipe 1 and using SUS447 with higher corrosion resistance as the material of the downstream side exhaust pipe 2, the downstream side exhaust pipe 2 can be configured to have better corrosion resistance than the upstream side exhaust pipe 1.

上流側排気管１には、尿素水噴射装置３が設けられている。下流側排気管２には、ミキサー４、ＳＣＲ触媒５が設けられている。なお、図１に示す各構成要素の大きさ、形状、位置関係等は、あくまで一例であり、図１の図示に限定されない。 A urea water injection device 3 is provided in the upstream side exhaust pipe 1 . A mixer 4 and an SCR catalyst 5 are provided in the downstream exhaust pipe 2 . Note that the size, shape, positional relationship, and the like of each component shown in FIG. 1 are merely examples, and are not limited to those shown in FIG.

尿素水噴射装置３（還元剤供給装置の一例）は、排気管１内に尿素水（還元剤の一例）を噴射する装置である。尿素水噴射装置３は、例えば、ドージングモジュールまたはインジェクタなどとも呼ばれる。 A urea water injection device 3 (an example of a reducing agent supply device) is a device that injects urea water (an example of a reducing agent) into the exhaust pipe 1 . The urea water injection device 3 is also called, for example, a dosing module or an injector.

尿素水噴射装置３により噴射された尿素水は、例えば、ミキサー４より下流側において加水分解される。これにより発生したアンモニア（還元剤から発生する物質の一例）は、ＳＣＲ触媒５へ供給される。なお、尿素水の噴射量や噴射タイミングは、図示しない制御装置によって制御される。 The urea water injected by the urea water injection device 3 is hydrolyzed downstream from the mixer 4, for example. Ammonia thus generated (an example of a substance generated from the reducing agent) is supplied to the SCR catalyst 5 . The injection amount and injection timing of the urea water are controlled by a control device (not shown).

ミキサー４は、尿素水と排ガスとを攪拌混合させる装置である。ミキサー４を通過した排ガスは、尿素水を巻き込んだ旋回流となる。この旋回流に含まれる尿素水は、ＳＣＲ触媒５に到達する前に気化してアンモニアとなる。 The mixer 4 is a device for stirring and mixing the urea water and the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas that has passed through the mixer 4 becomes a swirling flow involving the urea water. The urea water contained in this swirling flow evaporates into ammonia before reaching the SCR catalyst 5 .

ＳＣＲ触媒５（ＮＯｘ浄化触媒の一例）は、尿素水から発生したアンモニアにより、排ガス中のＮＯｘを窒素に還元する触媒である。 The SCR catalyst 5 (an example of a NOx purification catalyst) is a catalyst that reduces NOx in the exhaust gas to nitrogen with ammonia generated from urea water.

なお、ＳＣＲ触媒５は、下流側排気管２に対して着脱可能な筐体である触媒コンバータ（触媒ケーシングとも呼ばれる）に収容されてもよい。 Note that the SCR catalyst 5 may be accommodated in a catalytic converter (also called a catalyst casing) that is a housing that can be attached to and detached from the downstream side exhaust pipe 2 .

また、図示は省略するが、ＳＣＲ触媒５の下流側に、ＡＳＣ（Ammonia Slip Catalyst）が設けられてもよい。ＡＳＣは、ＳＣＲ触媒５で消費しきれなかったアンモニアを酸化、分解する触媒である。これにより、アンモニアが大気中に排出されることを防止できる。 Also, although not shown, an ASC (Ammonia Slip Catalyst) may be provided downstream of the SCR catalyst 5 . ASC is a catalyst that oxidizes and decomposes ammonia that has not been consumed by the SCR catalyst 5 . This can prevent ammonia from being discharged into the atmosphere.

以上、排気構造１００の構成について説明した。 The configuration of the exhaust structure 100 has been described above.

次に、図２を用いて、本開示の比較例に係る排気構造２００について説明する。図２は、排気構造２００の構成の一例を示す模式図である。なお、図２において図１と共通する構成要素については同一の符号を付し、それらの説明は適宜省略する。 Next, an exhaust structure 200 according to a comparative example of the present disclosure will be described using FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the exhaust structure 200. As shown in FIG. 2 that are common to those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

図２に示すように、排気構造２００では、上流側排気管１の下流端の内径ａは、下流側排気管２の上流端の内径ｂよりも長い（大きい）。下流側排気管２の上流端は、上流側排気管１の下流端の内部に挿入されている。また、上流側排気管１の下流端の内周面と、下流側排気管２の上流端の外周面とは互いに接触した状態で固定（例えば、溶接）されている。 As shown in FIG. 2 , in the exhaust structure 200 , the inner diameter a at the downstream end of the upstream exhaust pipe 1 is longer (larger) than the inner diameter b at the upstream end of the downstream exhaust pipe 2 . The upstream end of the downstream exhaust pipe 2 is inserted inside the downstream end of the upstream exhaust pipe 1 . The inner peripheral surface of the downstream end of the upstream exhaust pipe 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the upstream end of the downstream exhaust pipe 2 are fixed (for example, welded) in contact with each other.

これにより、排気構造２００では、上流側排気管１と下流側排気管２との接続部分において、段差（図２中の点線の囲み参照）が存在する。よって、尿素水噴射装置３から噴射された尿素水が段差に溜まり、腐食が発生するおそれがある。 Accordingly, in the exhaust structure 200, a step (see the dotted line box in FIG. 2) exists at the connecting portion between the upstream side exhaust pipe 1 and the downstream side exhaust pipe 2. As shown in FIG. Therefore, the urea water injected from the urea water injection device 3 may accumulate on the steps and cause corrosion.

以上、排気構造２００の構成について説明した。 The configuration of the exhaust structure 200 has been described above.

ここまで詳述したように、本実施の形態の排気構造１００では、上流側排気管１の下流端の内径ａが下流側排気管２の上流端の内径ｂよりも小さいことを特徴とする。よって、本実施の形態の排気構造１００では、上流側排気管１と下流側排気管２との接続部分において、図２に示したような段差は生じない。したがって、腐食の発生を抑制することができる。 As described above in detail, the exhaust structure 100 of the present embodiment is characterized in that the inner diameter a at the downstream end of the upstream exhaust pipe 1 is smaller than the inner diameter b at the upstream end of the downstream exhaust pipe 2 . Therefore, in the exhaust structure 100 of the present embodiment, a step as shown in FIG. 2 does not occur at the connecting portion between the upstream side exhaust pipe 1 and the downstream side exhaust pipe 2 . Therefore, the occurrence of corrosion can be suppressed.

また、本実施の形態の排気構造１００では、下流側排気管２を構成する材料が上流側排気管１を構成する材料よりも耐食性が高いことを特徴とする。よって、尿素水噴射装置３の下流側かつＳＣＲ触媒５の上流側において尿素水が溜まるおそれがある上流側排気管１と下流側排気管２との接続部分において、腐食の発生をより効果的に抑制することができる。 Further, the exhaust structure 100 of the present embodiment is characterized in that the material forming the downstream side exhaust pipe 2 has higher corrosion resistance than the material forming the upstream side exhaust pipe 1 . Therefore, it is possible to more effectively suppress the occurrence of corrosion at the connecting portion between the upstream side exhaust pipe 1 and the downstream side exhaust pipe 2 where the urea water may accumulate on the downstream side of the urea water injection device 3 and the upstream side of the SCR catalyst 5.

なお、本開示は、上記実施の形態の説明に限定されず、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々の変形が可能である。 It should be noted that the present disclosure is not limited to the description of the above embodiments, and various modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

本開示の排気構造は、複数の排気管を接続する構造に有用である。 The exhaust structure of the present disclosure is useful for structures that connect a plurality of exhaust pipes.

１ 上流側排気管
２ 下流側排気管
３ 尿素水噴射装置（還元剤供給装置の一例）
４ ミキサー
５ ＳＣＲ触媒 1 upstream exhaust pipe 2 downstream exhaust pipe 3 urea water injection device (an example of a reducing agent supply device)
4 mixer 5 SCR catalyst

Claims (2)

内燃機関から排出される排ガスが流れる上流側排気管と下流側排気管とが直列に接続された排気構造であって、
前記上流側排気管の下流端の内径は、前記下流側排気管の上流端の内径よりも小さく、
前記上流側排気管の下流端は、前記下流側排気管の上流端の内部に挿入され、前記上流側排気管の下流端の端部を含む所定範囲の外周面と、前記下流側排気管の上流端の内周面とが互いに接触した状態で固定されており、
前記上流側排気管には、前記上流側排気管内に還元剤を供給する還元剤供給装置が設けられ、
前記下流側排気管には、前記排ガスと前記還元剤とを攪拌するミキサーが設けられる、
排気構造。 An exhaust structure in which an upstream exhaust pipe and a downstream exhaust pipe through which exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine flows are connected in series,
the inner diameter of the upstream end of the upstream exhaust pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the upstream end of the downstream exhaust pipe;
The downstream end of the upstream exhaust pipe is inserted into the upstream end of the downstream exhaust pipe, and the outer peripheral surface of a predetermined range including the end of the downstream end of the upstream exhaust pipe and the inner peripheral surface of the upstream end of the downstream exhaust pipe are fixed in a state of contact with each other.
The upstream exhaust pipe is provided with a reducing agent supply device that supplies a reducing agent into the upstream exhaust pipe,
The downstream exhaust pipe is provided with a mixer for stirring the exhaust gas and the reducing agent .
exhaust structure. 前記下流側排気管を構成する材料は、前記上流側排気管を構成する材料よりも耐食性が高い、
請求項１に記載の排気構造。 The material forming the downstream side exhaust pipe has higher corrosion resistance than the material forming the upstream side exhaust pipe,
The exhaust structure according to claim 1 .
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WO2021182495A1 (en) 2021-09-16

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