JP4779959B2 - Exhaust purification device - Google Patents

Exhaust purification device Download PDF

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JP4779959B2
JP4779959B2 JP2006342319A JP2006342319A JP4779959B2 JP 4779959 B2 JP4779959 B2 JP 4779959B2 JP 2006342319 A JP2006342319 A JP 2006342319A JP 2006342319 A JP2006342319 A JP 2006342319A JP 4779959 B2 JP4779959 B2 JP 4779959B2
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exhaust
injection valve
additive
catalyst
additive injection
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JP2008151088A (en
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昌利 丸山
圭司 大嶋
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Denso Corp
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Priority to US11/957,980 priority patent/US20080155973A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

本発明は、尿素ＳＣＲ（選択還元）システムに代表されるような、所定の添加剤に基づく排気浄化反応を触媒上で行うことによって排気を浄化する排気浄化装置に関し、詳しくは添加剤噴射弁から噴射される尿素水溶液等の添加剤に基づく排気浄化反応を触媒を通じて促進しつつ、その排気浄化反応によって排気を浄化する排気浄化装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an exhaust purification device that purifies exhaust gas by performing an exhaust purification reaction based on a predetermined additive on a catalyst, as represented by a urea SCR (selective reduction) system, and more specifically from an additive injection valve. The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device that purifies exhaust gas through an exhaust gas purification reaction while promoting an exhaust gas purification reaction based on an additive such as an aqueous urea solution to be injected through a catalyst.

近年、発電所、各種工場、及び自動車（特にディーゼルエンジン搭載の自動車）等に適用されて、排気中のＮＯｘ（窒素酸化物）を高い浄化率で浄化する排気浄化装置として、尿素ＳＣＲ（選択還元）システムの開発が進められており、一部実用化に至っている。   In recent years, urea SCR (selective reduction) has been applied to power plants, various factories, automobiles (particularly automobiles equipped with diesel engines), etc., as an exhaust purification device that purifies NOx (nitrogen oxides) in exhaust gas with a high purification rate. ) The system is being developed, and some have been put into practical use.

以下、図５を参照して、尿素ＳＣＲシステムについてその概略を説明する。   Hereinafter, an outline of the urea SCR system will be described with reference to FIG.

図５に示されるように、この装置（システム）は、大きくは、排気浄化反応を促進する触媒５１と、排気発生源（例えばエンジン）から排出される排気を触媒５１へ導く排気管５２と、この排気管５２の中途に設けられ、同排気管５２内を流れる排気に対して尿素水溶液（添加剤）を噴射供給する添加剤噴射弁５３とを有して構成されている。ここで、触媒５１は、ＮＯｘの還元反応（排気浄化反応）を促進するものである。また、添加剤噴射弁５３は、この触媒５１へ向かって尿素水溶液を噴射するように排気管５２に対して傾けて、すなわち先端の噴射口５３ａを触媒５１の方へ向けて配設されている。   As shown in FIG. 5, the apparatus (system) roughly includes a catalyst 51 that promotes an exhaust purification reaction, an exhaust pipe 52 that guides exhaust discharged from an exhaust generation source (for example, an engine) to the catalyst 51, An additive injection valve 53 is provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe 52 and supplies an aqueous urea solution (additive) to the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe 52. Here, the catalyst 51 promotes a NOx reduction reaction (exhaust purification reaction). The additive injection valve 53 is inclined with respect to the exhaust pipe 52 so as to inject the urea aqueous solution toward the catalyst 51, that is, the tip injection port 53 a is arranged toward the catalyst 51. .

こうした構成のもと、この装置では、排気管５２内を流れる排気中へ添加剤噴射弁５３により尿素水溶液を噴射供給し、排気の流れ（排気流）を利用してその排気共々尿素水溶液を下流の触媒５１へ供給するとともに、該触媒５１上でＮＯｘの還元反応を行うことによってその排気を浄化する。ＮＯｘの還元に際しては、尿素水溶液が排気熱で加水分解されることによりアンモニア（ＮＨ3）が生成され、触媒５１にて選択的に吸着された排気中のＮＯｘに対し、このアンモニアが添加される。そして、同触媒５１上で、そのアンモニアに基づく還元反応が行われることによって、ＮＯｘが還元、浄化されることになる。 Under such a configuration, in this apparatus, the urea aqueous solution is injected and supplied by the additive injection valve 53 into the exhaust flowing through the exhaust pipe 52, and the urea aqueous solution is discharged downstream using the exhaust flow (exhaust flow). The exhaust gas is purified by performing a NOx reduction reaction on the catalyst 51. During the reduction of NOx, the aqueous urea solution is hydrolyzed with exhaust heat to generate ammonia (NH 3 ), and this ammonia is added to the NOx in the exhaust gas selectively adsorbed by the catalyst 51. . Then, a reduction reaction based on the ammonia is performed on the catalyst 51, whereby NOx is reduced and purified.

ところで、上述の排気管５２には、車両のレイアウト等によっては、曲がり管である屈曲部を排気通路上に備えるものがある。そして、そのような屈曲部に、下記特許文献１〜３の如く、添加剤噴射弁を備え、噴射弁から還元剤が噴射されるものが知られている。
特開２００１−３７３７号公報 特開２００３−２９３７３９号公報 特表２００１−５１６６３５号公報 Incidentally, some of the above-described exhaust pipes 52 are provided with a bent portion which is a bent pipe on the exhaust passage depending on the layout of the vehicle and the like. And what is provided with an additive injection valve in such a bending part as the following patent documents 1-3, and a reducing agent is injected from an injection valve is known.
JP 2001-3737 A JP 2003-293739 A Special table 2001-516635 gazette

こうした屈曲部に添加剤噴射弁が設けられたシステムにおいては、還元剤と屈曲部を流れてくる排気ガスとが混合均一化された状態で触媒に到達可能とするために、添加剤噴射弁からの添加剤噴射方向が排気ガスの下流方向と同一となるように配置した方が望ましいと考えられる。しかしながら、特許文献２、３の構成では、添加剤噴射弁が、それぞれ屈曲部内に露出するよう配置されている。そのため、噴射弁が高温の排気ガスに曝されてしまう。   In a system in which the additive injection valve is provided at such a bent portion, in order to reach the catalyst in a state where the reducing agent and the exhaust gas flowing through the bent portion are mixed and uniformed, It is considered that it is desirable to arrange such that the additive injection direction is the same as the downstream direction of the exhaust gas. However, in the configurations of Patent Documents 2 and 3, the additive injection valves are arranged so as to be exposed in the bent portions, respectively. Therefore, the injection valve is exposed to high temperature exhaust gas.

これに対して、特許文献１の構成では、屈曲部の外側に、触媒とは反対側に突出する突出部が設けられ、この突出部内に噴射弁が収納される構成が図示されている。このような構成ならば、高温の排気ガスに曝される蓋然性を低くすることが可能と考えられる。しかしながら、上記突出部の屈曲部壁面からの突出距離や、噴射弁から噴射される円錐状噴霧角を精密に考慮しないと、添加剤噴射弁からの噴霧が、突出部内壁面に付着してしまう恐れがある。これでは、かえって排気ガスと添加剤との混合均一が確実に図れない可能性がある。   On the other hand, in the structure of patent document 1, the protrusion part which protrudes on the opposite side to a catalyst is provided in the outer side of a bending part, and the structure by which an injection valve is accommodated in this protrusion part is illustrated. With such a configuration, it is considered possible to reduce the probability of exposure to high-temperature exhaust gas. However, the spray from the additive injection valve may adhere to the inner wall surface of the protrusion unless the protrusion distance of the protrusion from the bent wall surface and the conical spray angle injected from the injection valve are taken into account. There is. In this case, the exhaust gas and the additive may not be mixed uniformly.

本発明は、こうした実情に鑑みてなされたものであり、屈曲部を備えた排気管に添加剤噴射弁を備えるものにおいて、被熱低減を図りながら、排気ガスと添加剤とを均一混合させて触媒に到達可能とした排気浄化装置を提供することを目的とするものである。   The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and in an exhaust pipe equipped with an additive injection valve in an exhaust pipe having a bent portion, the exhaust gas and the additive are uniformly mixed while reducing heat. It is an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust purification device that can reach a catalyst.

以下、上記課題を解決するための手段、及び、その作用効果について記載する。   Hereinafter, means for solving the above-described problems and the effects thereof will be described.

請求項１記載の発明では、排気通路内へ噴射口から添加剤を噴射する添加剤噴射弁と、該添加剤噴射弁の排気下流側に設けられ、少なくとも前記添加剤に基づく特定の排気浄化反応を促進する触媒とを備えて、前記触媒の上流側にて浄化対象とする排気の中へ前記添加剤噴射弁により添加剤を噴射供給し、排気流を利用してその排気共々前記添加剤を下流の前記触媒へ供給するとともに、該触媒上で前記排気浄化反応を行うことによってその排気を浄化する排気浄化装置において、前記排気通路は、前記触媒の上流側に接続される直管状の直管部と、この直管部に接続され、通路が曲げられた屈曲部とを備えており、前記屈曲部の壁面に開口し、前記直管部の中心軸と略平行に前記直管部とは反対側に突出するように延びる筒状の側壁部と、該側壁部の前記直管部とは反対側の端部に設けられた端壁部とを備える突出部を有し、前記端壁部において前記排気通路とは反対側の反対側面に断熱材が設けられており、前記添加剤噴射弁は、前記噴射口を有する噴射弁先端部が前記端壁部に前記断熱材の外側から挿し入れられて、かつ、前記添加剤噴射弁の円錐状噴霧が、前記突出部の前記屈曲部における開口縁の少なくとも排気通路下流側で付着しないようにして、前記突出部に設けられていることを特徴とする。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, an additive injection valve that injects the additive into the exhaust passage from the injection port, and a specific exhaust purification reaction based on at least the additive provided on the exhaust downstream side of the additive injection valve And an additive injection valve for supplying the additive into the exhaust to be purified on the upstream side of the catalyst, and using the exhaust flow, In the exhaust purification device that supplies the downstream catalyst and purifies the exhaust gas by performing the exhaust purification reaction on the catalyst, the exhaust passage is a straight tubular straight pipe connected to the upstream side of the catalyst And a bent portion that is connected to the straight pipe portion and the passage is bent, opens to the wall surface of the bent portion, and the straight pipe portion is substantially parallel to the central axis of the straight pipe portion. a cylindrical side wall portion extending so as to protrude to the opposite side, Has a projecting portion and the straight tube portion of the side wall portion and a wall portion provided at the opposite end, the heat insulating material is provided on the opposite side opposite to the exhaust passage in the end wall portion The additive injection valve has an injection valve tip having the injection port inserted into the end wall from the outside of the heat insulating material, and the additive injection valve has a conical spray. not to adhere at least the exhaust passage downstream of the opening edge of the bent portion of the projecting portion, and being provided on the projecting portion.

上記構成では、突出部の端壁部において排気通路とは反対側の反対側面に断熱材が設けられている。また、添加剤噴射弁は、噴射弁先端部が端壁部に対して断熱材の外側から挿し入れられた状態で、突出部に設けられている。この場合、添加剤噴射弁は突出部から露出することなく内部に収納され、断熱材の存在もあいまって、排気ガスに対する被熱低減が図られる。また、添加剤噴射弁は、突出部の端壁部に、突出部の屈曲部に接続することによって形成される開口縁の少なくとも排気通路下流側、つまり、添加剤噴射弁から突出部の開口端までの距離のうちで一番大きくなる箇所において、添加剤噴射弁の円錐状噴霧が付着しないよう設けられる。さらに、直管部の中心軸と略平行に突出部が設けられ、その突出部の端壁部に添加剤噴射弁が設けられている。このため、噴射弁からの噴霧が、突出部壁面に付着することなく確実に排気通路へ供給可能となるとともに、排気ガスと添加剤とが均一混合された状態で触媒に到達させることができる。 In the above configuration , the heat insulating material is provided on the side surface opposite to the exhaust passage in the end wall portion of the protrusion. Further, the additive injection valve is provided at the protruding portion in a state where the tip end portion of the injection valve is inserted into the end wall portion from the outside of the heat insulating material. In this case, the additive injection valve is accommodated in the interior without being exposed from the protruding portion, and the presence of the heat insulating material is combined to reduce heat to the exhaust gas. Further, the additive injection valve is provided at the downstream end of the opening passage formed at the end wall portion of the protruding portion by connecting to the bent portion of the protruding portion, that is, the opening end of the protruding portion from the additive injection valve. It is provided so that the conical spray of the additive injection valve does not adhere at the largest point of the distance up to. Furthermore, a protruding portion is provided substantially parallel to the central axis of the straight pipe portion, and an additive injection valve is provided on an end wall portion of the protruding portion. Therefore, the spray from the injection valve can be reliably supplied to the exhaust passage without adhering to the protruding portion wall surface, and can reach the catalyst in a state where the exhaust gas and the additive are uniformly mixed.

従って、屈曲部を備えた排気管に添加剤噴射弁を備える場合においても、被熱低減を図りながら、排気ガスと添加剤とを均一混合させて触媒へ到達させることができる。   Therefore, even when the additive injection valve is provided in the exhaust pipe provided with the bent portion, the exhaust gas and the additive can be uniformly mixed and reach the catalyst while reducing heat.

請求項２記載の発明によると、前記添加剤噴射弁は、前記円錐状噴霧が前記開口縁にて付着しないよう、前記突出部に設けられていることを特徴とする。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, the additive injection valve is provided on the protruding portion so that the conical spray does not adhere to the opening edge.

この構成により、さらに確実に添加剤噴射弁の円錐噴霧が、突出部に内周面に付着することが防止できる。   With this configuration, the conical spray of the additive injection valve can be more reliably prevented from adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the protrusion.

また、請求項３記載の発明のように、突出部の内壁を円筒状としてもよく、これによって、突出部の製作性が容易となる。   Further, as in the third aspect of the invention, the inner wall of the protruding portion may be cylindrical, and this facilitates the manufacture of the protruding portion.

請求項４記載の発明によると、前記突出部の突出量は、前記添加剤噴射弁の前記円錐状噴霧の噴霧角に基づき、前記突出部の前記屈曲部における開口縁の排気通路下流側にて、前記噴霧が付着しない距離に設定されていることを特徴とする。   According to the invention of claim 4, the protrusion amount of the protrusion is based on the spray angle of the conical spray of the additive injection valve on the downstream side of the exhaust passage of the opening edge of the bent portion of the protrusion. The distance is set so that the spray does not adhere.

このように、添加剤噴射弁の噴霧角を考慮して、突出部の屈曲部からの距離を設定することにより、確実な突出部内壁面への噴霧付着を防止できる。   In this way, by taking into account the spray angle of the additive injection valve, by setting the distance from the bent portion of the protruding portion, it is possible to prevent spray adhesion to the inner wall surface of the protruding portion.

請求項５記載の発明によると、前記添加剤噴射弁の軸心は、前記直管部の中心軸に一致するよう設けられることを特徴とする。   According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, an axis of the additive injection valve is provided so as to coincide with a central axis of the straight pipe portion.

この構成により、噴射弁の軸心が直管部の中心軸と一致するため、噴射弁の噴霧が排気通路の直管部全体に均一に分布可能である。このため、直管部の下流に設けられる触媒へ、添加剤と排気ガスとを均一に混合した状態で、確実に到達させることができる。   With this configuration, since the axis of the injection valve coincides with the central axis of the straight pipe portion, the spray of the injection valve can be uniformly distributed over the entire straight pipe portion of the exhaust passage. For this reason, it is possible to reliably reach the catalyst provided downstream of the straight pipe portion in a state where the additive and the exhaust gas are uniformly mixed.

請求項６記載の発明によると、前記添加剤噴射弁の軸心は、前記触媒の中心軸に一致するよう設けられることを特徴とする。   According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the axis of the additive injection valve is provided so as to coincide with the central axis of the catalyst.

この構成により、噴射弁の軸心が触媒の中心軸と一致するため、触媒へ、添加剤と排気ガスとを均一に混合した状態で、確実に到達させることができる。   With this configuration, since the axis of the injection valve coincides with the central axis of the catalyst, it is possible to reliably reach the catalyst in a state where the additive and the exhaust gas are uniformly mixed.

請求項７記載の発明によると、前記円錐状噴霧角は、前記添加剤噴射弁の使用域における最大噴霧角であることを特徴とする。   According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the conical spray angle is a maximum spray angle in a usage range of the additive injection valve.

この構成により、添加剤噴射弁が使用される状況下で、たとえ噴霧角が変化したとしても、確実に突出部の内壁面に添加剤が付着することを防止できる。   With this configuration, it is possible to reliably prevent the additive from adhering to the inner wall surface of the protrusion even if the spray angle changes under the situation where the additive injection valve is used.

請求項８記載の発明によると、前記屈曲部は複数備えられ、これら複数の屈曲部は１箇所で前記直管部に接続されるよう集合部が設けられ、前記突出部は、前記集合部の壁面に開口し、前記直管部の中心軸と略平行に前記直管部とは反対側に突出するよう設けられることを特徴とする。   According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of the bent portions are provided, and the plurality of bent portions are provided with a collective portion so as to be connected to the straight pipe portion at one location, and the protruding portion is formed of the collective portion. It opens to a wall surface, and it is provided so that it may protrude in the opposite side to the said straight pipe part substantially parallel to the central axis of the said straight pipe part.

この構成のように、直管部の上流側が、複数の屈曲部を有する排気通路である場合にも、その直管部への１箇所にて集合させた集合部に、突出部を設けることによって、請求項１と同様、被熱低減を図りながら、排気ガスと添加剤とを均一混合させて触媒へ到達させることができる。   Even in the case where the upstream side of the straight pipe part is an exhaust passage having a plurality of bent parts as in this configuration, by providing a protruding part in the gathering part gathered at one place to the straight pipe part As in the first aspect, the exhaust gas and the additive can be uniformly mixed to reach the catalyst while reducing heat.

さらに、請求項９、１０の如く、屈曲部を、曲がり管や直角管として構成させてもよい。   Further, as in the ninth and tenth aspects, the bent portion may be configured as a bent tube or a right angle tube.

以下、本発明に係る排気浄化装置を具体化した一実施形態について図面を参照しつつ説明する。なお、本実施形態の装置も、先の図５に例示した装置と同様、排気中のＮＯｘ（窒素酸化物）を浄化するものであり、尿素ＳＣＲ（選択還元）システムとして構築されている。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of an exhaust emission control device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the apparatus of this embodiment also purifies NOx (nitrogen oxides) in the exhaust, as with the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 5, and is constructed as a urea SCR (selective reduction) system.

図１に示す、本実施形態に係る尿素ＳＣＲシステム（排気浄化装置）は、自動車（図示略）に搭載されたディーゼルエンジン（排気発生源）により排出される排気を浄化するものである。具体的には、排気上流側から、ＤＯＣ（酸化触媒）２１、排気管（排気通路）１０、ＳＣＲ触媒２０の順で配設され、エンジンの排気ガスは、矢印Ａの如く、排気管１０を流れていく。   The urea SCR system (exhaust gas purification device) according to this embodiment shown in FIG. 1 purifies exhaust gas discharged by a diesel engine (exhaust gas generation source) mounted on an automobile (not shown). Specifically, DOC (oxidation catalyst) 21, exhaust pipe (exhaust passage) 10, and SCR catalyst 20 are arranged in this order from the exhaust upstream side, and engine exhaust gas passes through exhaust pipe 10 as indicated by arrow A. It flows.

また、排気管１０の途中に添加剤噴射弁５０が設けられており、ＤＯＣ２１とＳＣＲ触媒２０との間の排気管１０内を流れる排気ガスに対して、尿素水溶液（添加剤）を噴射供給するようになっている。そして、排気の流れ（排気流）を利用してその排気共々尿素水溶液を、下流のＳＣＲ触媒２０へ供給するとともに、該触媒２０上でＮＯｘの還元反応を行うことによって、その排気が浄化されるようになっている。   Further, an additive injection valve 50 is provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe 10, and an aqueous urea solution (additive) is injected and supplied to the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust pipe 10 between the DOC 21 and the SCR catalyst 20. It is like that. Then, using the exhaust flow (exhaust flow), the urea aqueous solution is supplied to the downstream SCR catalyst 20 and the exhaust gas is purified by performing a NOx reduction reaction on the catalyst 20. It is like that.

ＳＣＲ触媒２０は、公知のＮＯｘの還元反応（排気浄化反応）を促進するものであり、例えば、
４ＮＯ＋４ＮＨ3＋Ｏ2→４Ｎ2＋６Ｈ2Ｏ …（式１）
６ＮＯ2＋８ＮＨ3→７Ｎ2＋１２Ｈ2Ｏ …（式２）
ＮＯ＋ＮＯ2＋２ＮＨ3→２Ｎ2＋３Ｈ2Ｏ …（式３）
のような反応を促進して排気中のＮＯｘを還元する。そして、これらの反応においてＮＯｘの還元剤となるアンモニア（ＮＨ3）を生成する尿素水溶液を噴射供給するものが、ＳＣＲ触媒２０の上流側の排気管１０の途中に設けられた添加剤噴射弁５０である。 The SCR catalyst 20 promotes a known NOx reduction reaction (exhaust purification reaction).
4NO + 4NH 3 + O 2 → 4N 2 + 6H 2 O (Formula 1)
6NO 2 + 8NH 3 → 7N 2 + 12H 2 O (Formula 2)
NO + NO 2 + 2NH 3 → 2N 2 + 3H 2 O (Formula 3)
Such a reaction is promoted to reduce NOx in the exhaust gas. An additive injection valve 50 provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe 10 on the upstream side of the SCR catalyst 20 is one that injects and supplies an aqueous urea solution that generates ammonia (NH 3 ) as a NOx reducing agent in these reactions. It is.

この添加剤噴射弁５０は、公知のガソリンエンジンの燃料噴射インジェクタを、基本的に流用したものであり、噴射弁５０の噴射孔から、円錐状の噴霧Ｆ（図２参照）を噴射可能である。なお、添加剤である尿素水溶液は、図示せぬ尿素水タンクから、図示せぬポンプによって汲み上げられ、配管を通じて添加剤噴射弁５０へ供給されている。   This additive injection valve 50 is basically a diverted fuel injection injector of a known gasoline engine, and is capable of injecting a conical spray F (see FIG. 2) from the injection hole of the injection valve 50. . The urea aqueous solution as the additive is pumped up from a urea water tank (not shown) by a pump (not shown) and supplied to the additive injection valve 50 through a pipe.

ＳＣＲ触媒２０の上流側の排気管１０は、図１に示すとおり、ＳＣＲ触媒２０に接続される直管状ストレート配管である円筒状の直管１１と、その直管１１に接続され、通路が円弧状に曲げられた曲がり管１２と、さらに、この曲がり管１２とは円弧方向が逆で、ＤＯＣ２１へ接続される曲がり管１３とから構成されている。そして、曲がり管１２には、突出部１４が接続され、その突出部１４に添加剤噴射弁５０が配設されている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the exhaust pipe 10 on the upstream side of the SCR catalyst 20 is connected to a cylindrical straight pipe 11 which is a straight tubular straight pipe connected to the SCR catalyst 20 and the straight pipe 11, and the passage is circular. The bent tube 12 is bent in an arc shape, and further, the bent tube 12 is composed of a bent tube 13 having a reverse arc direction and connected to the DOC 21. A projecting portion 14 is connected to the bent pipe 12, and an additive injection valve 50 is disposed in the projecting portion 14.

図２に示す如く、突出部１４は筒状に形成され、この突出部１４の中心軸と直管１１の中心軸２５とが一致するよう、曲がり管１２に開口する。すなわち、突出部１４は、曲がり管１２の円弧外縁側に、直管１１とは反対側に突出するよう設けられる。なお、直管１１の中心軸とＳＣＲ触媒２０の中心軸とは一致するよう設けられている。   As shown in FIG. 2, the protruding portion 14 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and opens to the bent tube 12 so that the central axis of the protruding portion 14 and the central axis 25 of the straight pipe 11 coincide. That is, the protruding portion 14 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the arc of the bent pipe 12 so as to protrude on the opposite side to the straight pipe 11. The central axis of the straight pipe 11 and the central axis of the SCR catalyst 20 are provided so as to coincide with each other.

そして、この突出部１４の直管１１とは反対側の端面１８に、添加剤噴射弁５０が配設される。添加剤噴射弁５０は、端面１８に設けられた断熱材２２を介して、添加剤噴射弁５０の噴射孔が突出部１４内に開口するよう配設される。そして、添加剤噴射弁５０は、基本的には、直管１１の中心軸２５と一致するよう設けられている。このように構成することで、添加剤噴射弁５０に噴射孔は、触媒２０へ対向するよう配設されることとなる。   And the additive injection valve 50 is arrange | positioned at the end surface 18 on the opposite side to the straight pipe 11 of this protrusion part 14. As shown in FIG. The additive injection valve 50 is disposed so that the injection hole of the additive injection valve 50 opens into the protruding portion 14 via the heat insulating material 22 provided on the end face 18. The additive injection valve 50 is basically provided so as to coincide with the central axis 25 of the straight pipe 11. With this configuration, the injection hole in the additive injection valve 50 is disposed so as to face the catalyst 20.

さらに、添加剤噴射弁５０は、噴射弁５０からの円錐状噴霧Ｆが、突出部１４の曲がり管１２への接続によって形成される開口縁（楕円状の開口縁が形成されることとなる）のうち、排気ガス下流側縁部１５に接触しないよう、端面１８に取り付けられる。すなわち、排気ガス下流側縁部１５に、噴霧Ｆが付着しないように、噴霧角θあるいは曲がり管１２からの突出部の突出距離Ｌを設定し、添加剤噴射弁５０を取り付ける。なお、本実施形態では、円錐状噴霧Ｆは、上記開口縁の排気ガス上流側縁部１６へも接触しないように、噴霧角θあるいは突出距離Ｌが設定されている。また、上記θは、仮に、添加剤噴射弁５０の噴霧角が、エンジンの運手状態等によって変更されるというのであれば、その最大噴霧角、すなわち、噴射弁５０の使用下における最大噴霧角を想定して、添加剤噴射弁５０を取り付けるようにする。   Further, the additive injection valve 50 has an opening edge formed by connecting the conical spray F from the injection valve 50 to the bent pipe 12 of the protruding portion 14 (an elliptical opening edge is formed). Among these, it is attached to the end face 18 so as not to contact the exhaust gas downstream edge 15. That is, the spray angle θ or the protrusion distance L of the protrusion from the bent pipe 12 is set so that the spray F does not adhere to the exhaust gas downstream side edge 15, and the additive injection valve 50 is attached. In this embodiment, the spray angle θ or the projection distance L is set so that the conical spray F does not contact the exhaust gas upstream edge 16 of the opening edge. Further, if the spray angle of the additive injection valve 50 is changed depending on the engine handling state or the like, the above θ is the maximum spray angle, that is, the maximum spray angle when the injection valve 50 is used. In this case, the additive injection valve 50 is attached.

こうした構成のもと、本実施形態に係る上記システム（装置）でも、先の図５に例示した装置と同様、排気管１０を流れる排気中へ噴射弁５０により尿素水溶液を噴射供給する。そして、排気の流れ（排気流）を利用してその排気共々尿素水溶液を下流のＳＣＲ触媒２０へ供給するとともに、該触媒２０上でＮＯｘの還元反応を行うことによってその排気を浄化する。   Under such a configuration, also in the system (apparatus) according to the present embodiment, the urea aqueous solution is injected and supplied by the injection valve 50 into the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe 10 as in the apparatus illustrated in FIG. The exhaust gas flow (exhaust flow) is used to supply the urea aqueous solution together with the exhaust gas to the downstream SCR catalyst 20, and the NOx reduction reaction is performed on the catalyst 20 to purify the exhaust gas.

さて、上述した実施形態の如く、添加剤噴射弁５０は、突出部１４の端面１８に配設されることにより、突出部１４内に確実に、添加剤噴射弁５０が収容されることとなる。よって、矢印Ａの如く流れる高温の排気ガスに、噴射弁５０が曝されることはない。また、断熱材２２の存在もあいまって、確実に、噴射弁５０の被熱低減を図ることができる。   Now, as in the above-described embodiment, the additive injection valve 50 is disposed on the end face 18 of the protrusion 14, so that the additive injection valve 50 is reliably accommodated in the protrusion 14. . Therefore, the injection valve 50 is not exposed to the high-temperature exhaust gas flowing as shown by the arrow A. In addition, due to the presence of the heat insulating material 22, it is possible to reliably reduce the heat received by the injection valve 50.

また、添加剤噴射弁５０は、曲がり管１２に設けられた突出部１４に、直管１１（ひいては、ＳＣＲ触媒２０）の中心軸２５と、軸心が同一となるよう設置されている。よって、筒状のＳＣＲ触媒２０に向けて、円錐状噴霧Ｆを、触媒２０の全面にわたって均一に散布可能となる。従って、排気ガスと添加剤とが均一混合された状態で、確実にＳＣＲ触媒２０に到達させることが可能となる。   Further, the additive injection valve 50 is installed on the protruding portion 14 provided in the bent pipe 12 so that the central axis of the straight pipe 11 (and thus the SCR catalyst 20) is the same as the axis. Therefore, the conical spray F can be uniformly distributed over the entire surface of the catalyst 20 toward the cylindrical SCR catalyst 20. Accordingly, it is possible to reliably reach the SCR catalyst 20 in a state where the exhaust gas and the additive are uniformly mixed.

さらに、排気ガス下流側縁部１５に、円錐状噴霧Ｆが付着しないように、噴霧角θあるいは曲がり管１２からの突出部の突出距離Ｌが設定されて、添加剤噴射弁５０が取り付けられている。よって、噴霧Ｆが突出部１４の内壁に付着することを防止できる。なお、本実施形態では、円錐状噴霧Ｆが、排気ガス上流側縁部１６へも接触しないように、噴霧角θあるいは突出距離Ｌが設定されているため、より確実な円錐状噴霧Ｆの突出部１４の内壁付着防止を図ることができる。   Further, the spray angle θ or the protruding distance L of the protruding portion from the bent pipe 12 is set so that the conical spray F does not adhere to the exhaust gas downstream side edge portion 15, and the additive injection valve 50 is attached. Yes. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the spray F from adhering to the inner wall of the protruding portion 14. In the present embodiment, since the spray angle θ or the protrusion distance L is set so that the conical spray F does not contact the exhaust gas upstream edge 16, the protrusion of the conical spray F is more reliable. The inner wall adhesion prevention of the part 14 can be aimed at.

上述した構成により、被熱低減を図りつつ、噴射弁５０からの噴霧Ｆが、突出部１４の内壁面に付着することなく確実に排気通路へ供給可能となるとともに、排気ガスと添加剤とが均一混合された状態で触媒に到達させることができる。従って、曲がり管１２のような屈曲部を備えた排気管１０を備えるようなエンジンに対して、添加剤噴射弁５０を備える場合においても、被熱低減を図りながら、確実に排気ガスと添加剤とを均一混合させて触媒へ到達させることができる。   With the above-described configuration, the spray F from the injection valve 50 can be reliably supplied to the exhaust passage without adhering to the inner wall surface of the projecting portion 14 while reducing heat reception, and the exhaust gas and the additive can be supplied. The catalyst can be reached in a uniformly mixed state. Therefore, even in the case where the additive injection valve 50 is provided for an engine including the exhaust pipe 10 having a bent portion such as the bent pipe 12, the exhaust gas and the additive can be surely reduced while reducing heat. Can be mixed uniformly to reach the catalyst.

本発明は上記実施形態の記載内容に限定されず、例えば次のように実施しても良い。   The present invention is not limited to the description of the above embodiment, and may be implemented as follows, for example.

例えば図４に示すように、屈曲部をなす管路を、直管を直角状に曲げた直角管１２ａとし、これを直管１１に接続した排気管１０に、本発明を適用してもよい。   For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the pipe forming the bent portion is a right-angle pipe 12 a obtained by bending the straight pipe into a right angle, and the present invention may be applied to the exhaust pipe 10 connected to the straight pipe 11. .

そして、上記直角管１２ａの直管１１とは反対側に、突出部１４を接続し、これに添加剤噴射弁５０を配設するようにしてもよい。   And the protrusion part 14 may be connected to the opposite side to the straight pipe 11 of the said right angle pipe 12a, and you may make it arrange | position the additive injection valve 50 to this.

また、図４（ａ）（ｂ）に示す如く、複数の屈曲部を１箇所に集合させ、それを直管に接続するような排気管レイアウトを有するエンジンに対して、本発明を適用してもよい。例えば、図４（ａ）に示すような、複数の曲がり管１２ｂ、ｃを、１箇所の集合部１９にて集合させ、これを直管１１に接続したものである。   Also, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the present invention is applied to an engine having an exhaust pipe layout in which a plurality of bent portions are gathered at one place and connected to a straight pipe. Also good. For example, as shown in FIG. 4A, a plurality of bent pipes 12 b and 12 c are gathered at one gathering portion 19 and connected to the straight pipe 11.

なお、図４（ｂ）は、屈曲部として直角管１２ｄ、ｅを集合部１９にて１箇所に集合接続させた例である。   FIG. 4B shows an example in which the right-angle tubes 12d and e are collectively connected to one place at the collecting portion 19 as bent portions.

このような複数の屈曲部（曲がり管や直角管）を集合させたものに対して、その集合部１９の、直管１１とは反対側に突出部１４を開口させ、これに添加剤噴射弁５０を設けるようにしてもよい。   In contrast to the assembly of such a plurality of bent portions (bent tube or right angle tube), a protruding portion 14 is opened on the opposite side of the straight tube 11 of the aggregate portion 19, and an additive injection valve is provided therefor. 50 may be provided.

このような配管レイアウトであっても、上述した実施形態と同様の効果が得られる。すなわち、被熱低減を図りながら、確実に排気ガスと添加剤とを均一混合させて触媒へ到達させることができる。   Even with such a piping layout, the same effect as the above-described embodiment can be obtained. That is, the exhaust gas and the additive can be reliably mixed and reached the catalyst while reducing the heat exposure.

なお、上述した実施形態は、尿素ＳＣＲ（選択還元）システムに適用したものであるが、同様の添加剤及び触媒を用いて排気を浄化する場合には、他の用途についても本発明は同様に適用することができる。   The embodiment described above is applied to a urea SCR (selective reduction) system. However, when purifying exhaust gas using the same additive and catalyst, the present invention is similarly applied to other applications. Can be applied.

本発明に係る排気浄化装置の一実施形態について、該装置の概略を示す構成図。The block diagram which shows the outline of this apparatus about one Embodiment of the exhaust gas purification apparatus which concerns on this invention. 本実施形態の装置の詳細を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the detail of the apparatus of this embodiment. 排気管についての変形例を示す構成図。The block diagram which shows the modification about an exhaust pipe. 排気管について、別の変形例を示す構成図。The block diagram which shows another modification about an exhaust pipe. 従来の尿素ＳＣＲシステムの一例について概略を示す構成図。The block diagram which shows an outline about an example of the conventional urea SCR system.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０…排気管（排気通路）、１１…直管（直管部）、１２…曲がり管（屈曲部）、１４…突出部、２０…ＳＣＲ触媒、２５…中心線、５０…添加剤噴射弁。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Exhaust pipe (exhaust passage), 11 ... Straight pipe (straight pipe part), 12 ... Curved pipe (bent part), 14 ... Projection part, 20 ... SCR catalyst, 25 ... Center line, 50 ... Additive injection valve.

Claims (10)

排気通路内へ噴射口から添加剤を噴射する添加剤噴射弁と、該添加剤噴射弁の排気下流側に設けられ、少なくとも前記添加剤に基づく特定の排気浄化反応を促進する触媒とを備えて、前記触媒の上流側にて浄化対象とする排気の中へ前記添加剤噴射弁により添加剤を噴射供給し、排気流を利用してその排気共々前記添加剤を下流の前記触媒へ供給するとともに、該触媒上で前記排気浄化反応を行うことによってその排気を浄化する排気浄化装置において、
前記排気通路は、前記触媒の上流側に接続される直管状の直管部と、この直管部に接続され、通路が曲げられた屈曲部とを備えており、
前記屈曲部の壁面に開口し、前記直管部の中心軸と略平行に前記直管部とは反対側に突出するように延びる筒状の側壁部と、該側壁部の前記直管部とは反対側の端部に設けられた端壁部とを備える突出部を有し、
前記端壁部において前記排気通路とは反対側の反対側面に断熱材が設けられており、
前記添加剤噴射弁は、前記噴射口を有する噴射弁先端部が前記端壁部に前記断熱材の外側から挿し入れられて、かつ、前記添加剤噴射弁の円錐状噴霧が、前記突出部の前記屈曲部における開口縁の少なくとも排気通路下流側で付着しないようにして、前記突出部に設けられていることを特徴とする排気浄化装置。 An additive injection valve that injects an additive from an injection port into the exhaust passage, and a catalyst that is provided on the exhaust downstream side of the additive injection valve and promotes at least a specific exhaust purification reaction based on the additive The additive injection valve injects and supplies the additive into the exhaust to be purified on the upstream side of the catalyst, and supplies the additive together with the exhaust to the downstream catalyst using the exhaust flow. , In an exhaust purification device that purifies the exhaust by performing the exhaust purification reaction on the catalyst,
The exhaust passage includes a straight tubular portion connected to the upstream side of the catalyst, and a bent portion connected to the straight tube portion and having a bent passage.
A cylindrical side wall that opens in the wall surface of the bent portion and extends so as to protrude in a direction parallel to the central axis of the straight pipe portion and opposite to the straight pipe portion; and the straight pipe portion of the side wall portion, Has a protrusion with an end wall provided at the opposite end ,
In the end wall portion, a heat insulating material is provided on an opposite side surface opposite to the exhaust passage,
The additive injection valve has an injection valve tip portion having the injection port inserted into the end wall portion from the outside of the heat insulating material, and a conical spray of the additive injection valve is formed on the protrusion portion. not to adhere at least the exhaust passage downstream of the opening edge of the bent portion, the exhaust gas purification apparatus characterized by being provided in the projecting portion. 前記添加剤噴射弁は、前記円錐状噴霧が前記開口縁にて付着しないよう、前記突出部に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の排気浄化装置。   The exhaust emission control device according to claim 1, wherein the additive injection valve is provided on the protruding portion so that the conical spray does not adhere to the opening edge. 前記突出部の内壁は円筒状であることを特徴とする請求項１乃至２のいずれか記載の排気浄化装置。   The exhaust emission control device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein an inner wall of the protruding portion is cylindrical. 前記突出部の突出量は、前記添加剤噴射弁の前記円錐状噴霧の噴霧角に基づき、前記突出部の前記屈曲部における開口縁の排気通路下流側にて、前記噴霧が付着しない距離に設定されていることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置。   The protrusion amount of the protrusion is set to a distance at which the spray does not adhere on the exhaust passage downstream side of the opening edge of the bent portion of the protrusion based on the spray angle of the conical spray of the additive injection valve. The exhaust emission control device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the exhaust purification device is provided. 前記添加剤噴射弁の軸心は、前記直管部の中心軸に一致するよう設けられることを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置。   The exhaust emission control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an axis of the additive injection valve is provided so as to coincide with a central axis of the straight pipe portion. 前記添加剤噴射弁の軸心は、前記触媒の中心軸に一致するよう設けられることを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置。   The exhaust purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an axis of the additive injection valve is provided so as to coincide with a central axis of the catalyst. 前記円錐状噴霧角は、前記添加剤噴射弁の使用域における最大噴霧角であることを特徴とする請求項１〜６のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置。   The exhaust purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the conical spray angle is a maximum spray angle in a use range of the additive injection valve. 前記屈曲部は複数備えられ、これら複数の屈曲部は１箇所で前記直管部に接続されるよう集合部が設けられ、
前記突出部は、前記集合部の壁面に開口し、前記直管部の中心軸と略平行に前記直管部とは反対側に突出するよう設けられることを特徴とする請求項１〜７のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置。 A plurality of the bent portions are provided, and the plurality of bent portions are provided with a collecting portion so as to be connected to the straight pipe portion at one place,
The said protrusion part is provided so that it may open to the wall surface of the said gathering part, and may protrude in the opposite side to the said straight pipe part substantially parallel to the central axis of the said straight pipe part. The exhaust emission control device according to any one of the above. 前記屈曲部は、曲がり管であることを特徴とする請求項１〜８のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置。 The bent portion, the exhaust purifying apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a pipe bend. 前記屈曲部は、直角管であることを特徴とする請求項１〜８のいずれかに記載の排気浄化装置。 The bent portion, the exhaust purifying apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a perpendicular tube.
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