JP7271470B2 - VEHICLE COOLING DEVICE AND COOLING METHOD USING THE SAME - Google Patents

VEHICLE COOLING DEVICE AND COOLING METHOD USING THE SAME Download PDF

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JP7271470B2
JP7271470B2 JP2020083784A JP2020083784A JP7271470B2 JP 7271470 B2 JP7271470 B2 JP 7271470B2 JP 2020083784 A JP2020083784 A JP 2020083784A JP 2020083784 A JP2020083784 A JP 2020083784A JP 7271470 B2 JP7271470 B2 JP 7271470B2
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光彦 赤星
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Valeo Japan Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description

この発明は、車両走行用の電力を蓄電可能とするバッテリと車両の前席空間および後席空間とを冷却するために用いられる車両用冷却装置、及びこれを用いた冷却方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a vehicle cooling device used to cool a battery capable of storing electric power for running a vehicle, a front seat space and a rear seat space of the vehicle, and a cooling method using the same.

従来において、車両の前席空間と後席空間を冷却すると共に、車両走行用のバッテリを冷却することが可能な車両用冷却装置として、例えば、特許文献１に示される冷却装置が知られている。
これは、前席空間と後席空間とを冷却する空調用冷凍サイクルを、前席用空調ユニットに設けられた前席側膨張弁および前席側蒸発器と、後席用空調ユニットに設けられた後席側膨張弁および後席側蒸発器と、を圧縮機および凝縮器に対して並列的に設け、圧縮機で圧縮された冷媒を凝縮器で放熱した後、前席側膨張弁を介して前席側蒸発器へ供給すると共に後席側膨張弁を介して後席側蒸発器へ供給するようにしている。また、車両に搭載されるバッテリを冷却するために、空調ケースとは別に設けられた電池収納ケースにバッテリを収納し、この電池収容ケースにバッテリへ送風するための電池冷却用送風機を設け、電池冷却用送風機により、後席側空調ユニットの後席側蒸発器で冷却された冷風を冷風吸入通路を介して電池収納ケースに取り入れ、バッテリへ送風するようにしている。 Conventionally, as a vehicle cooling device capable of cooling a front seat space and a rear seat space of a vehicle and cooling a battery for driving the vehicle, for example, a cooling device disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known. .
The refrigeration cycle for air conditioning that cools the front seat space and the rear seat space is provided in the front seat expansion valve and front seat evaporator provided in the front seat air conditioning unit, and in the rear seat air conditioning unit. A rear expansion valve and a rear seat evaporator are provided in parallel with the compressor and the condenser. It is supplied to the front seat side evaporator through the rear seat side expansion valve and is supplied to the rear seat side evaporator via the rear seat side expansion valve. In addition, in order to cool the battery mounted on the vehicle, the battery is stored in a battery storage case provided separately from the air conditioning case, and a battery cooling blower for blowing air to the battery storage case is provided to cool the battery. Cool air cooled by the rear seat evaporator of the rear air conditioning unit is taken into the battery storage case through the cold air intake passage by the cooling blower, and is blown to the battery.

しかしながら、上述の車両用冷却装置においては、バッテリを冷却するために、後席側空調ユニットで冷却した冷風を電池収納ケースに取り入れ、バッテリの冷却風としているので、後席側空調ユニットが稼働していることが前提となる。即ち、後席に乗員が搭乗している場合、或いは、搭乗することが予定される場合（プレ空調の場合）にバッテリへ冷却風を供給することは可能となる。 However, in the vehicle cooling device described above, in order to cool the battery, the cold air cooled by the rear air conditioning unit is taken into the battery storage case and used as cooling air for the battery, so the rear air conditioning unit does not operate. It is assumed that In other words, it is possible to supply cooling air to the battery when an occupant is seated in the rear seat or when boarding is scheduled (in the case of pre-air conditioning).

一方、車両に乗員が搭乗していない場合においてバッテリを充電する場合には、必ずしも車室を冷房する必要はないが、バッテリは充電により発熱する場合があるため、バッテリを冷却させる必要がある。このため、上述の車両用冷却装置においては、バッテリを冷却させるためには、乗員の有無に拘わらず少なくとも後席側空調ユニットを稼働させる必要があり、省エネの観点から好ましくない。 On the other hand, when charging the battery when no passengers are on board the vehicle, it is not always necessary to cool the passenger compartment, but the battery may generate heat due to charging, so the battery must be cooled. Therefore, in the vehicle cooling device described above, in order to cool the battery, it is necessary to operate at least the rear seat side air conditioning unit regardless of the presence or absence of a passenger, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of energy saving.

また、上述の車両用冷却装置にあっては、後席側空調ユニットで生成した冷風を電池冷却用送風機で電池収納ケースに取り入れ、バッテリへ送風する手法を採用しているので、バッテリの冷却効率の点でも十分ではなく、また、バッテリを冷却するために、バッテリに向けて冷風を供給する専用の装置、すなわち、電池冷却用送風機とこの送風機によって送風された空気をバッテリに導くダクト又はケースが必要となり、省スペース化の点でも、改善の余地がある。 In the vehicle cooling system described above, the cool air generated by the rear air conditioning unit is taken into the battery storage case by the battery cooling blower and is blown to the battery. Also, in order to cool the battery, a dedicated device for supplying cold air toward the battery, that is, a battery cooling blower and a duct or case that guides the air blown by this blower to the battery There is room for improvement in terms of space saving as well.

このような不都合に鑑み、バッテリを冷却するためのバッテリ用蒸発器（電池用熱交換器）を設け、空調用冷凍サイクルの冷媒をバッテリ蒸発器にも供給可能とするバッテリ冷却装置を構築することは有用であり、例えば、下記する特許文献２に示されるような冷却装置が提案されている。 In view of such inconveniences, a battery cooling device is constructed in which a battery evaporator (battery heat exchanger) for cooling the battery is provided, and the refrigerant of the air-conditioning refrigeration cycle can also be supplied to the battery evaporator. is useful, and for example, a cooling device as shown in Patent Document 2 below has been proposed.

これは、電子式の冷房用膨張弁で減圧された冷媒を室内蒸発器に供給する経路と、電子式の電池用膨張弁で減圧された冷媒を電池用熱交換器に供給する経路と、を圧縮機、室内凝縮器、及び室外熱交換器に対して並列的に接続し、また、室外熱交換器から流出した冷媒を冷房用膨張弁へ流入する冷媒回路と電池用膨張弁へ流入する冷媒回路とに切り換える電池用開閉弁を設け、圧縮機から吐出した冷媒を室内凝縮器および室外熱交換器にて放熱させ、冷房用膨張弁で減圧した後に室内蒸発器で蒸発させる場合と、圧縮機から吐出された冷媒を室内凝縮器および室外熱交換器にて放熱させ、電池用膨張弁で減圧させた後に電池用熱交換器にて蒸発させる場合と、を切り替え可能としている。 This consists of a route that supplies the refrigerant decompressed by the electronic cooling expansion valve to the indoor evaporator, and a route that supplies the refrigerant decompressed by the electronic battery expansion valve to the battery heat exchanger. A refrigerant circuit that is connected in parallel to the compressor, the indoor condenser, and the outdoor heat exchanger, and flows the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger into the expansion valve for cooling and the refrigerant that flows into the expansion valve for the battery When a battery on-off valve is provided to switch between circuits, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is radiated by the indoor condenser and the outdoor heat exchanger, and the refrigerant is decompressed by the cooling expansion valve and then evaporated by the indoor evaporator. It is possible to switch between a case where the refrigerant discharged from is radiated by the indoor condenser and the outdoor heat exchanger, depressurized by the battery expansion valve, and then evaporated by the battery heat exchanger.

特開２００７－１３７１２７号公報JP 2007-137127 A 特開２０１４－２２８１９０号公報JP 2014-228190 A

しかしながら、このような構成においては、冷房用膨張弁や電池用開閉弁を開閉制御することで、車室内空調とは独立にバッテリを冷却することは可能であるが、膨張弁として高価な電子式膨張弁（電子式膨張装置）を用いなければならないため、車両用冷却装置としてコストを抑えることが難しくなるという不都合がある。特に、前席空間と後席空間とを独立させて空調する所謂デュアルエアコンにおいては、各空間を冷却する蒸発器がそれぞれ必要となるため、室内冷却用の蒸発器毎に電子式膨張装置が用いられると、冷却装置としてコストを抑えることが一層難しくなる。 However, in such a configuration, it is possible to cool the battery independently of the vehicle interior air conditioning by controlling the opening and closing of the cooling expansion valve and the battery open/close valve. Since an expansion valve (electronic expansion device) must be used, it is difficult to reduce the cost of the vehicle cooling system. In particular, so-called dual air conditioners, in which the front seat space and the rear seat space are separately air-conditioned, require separate evaporators to cool each space, so an electronic expansion device is used for each evaporator for interior cooling. If this is the case, it becomes more difficult to reduce the cost of the cooling device.

また、上述の装置においても、バッテリの冷却は、電池用熱交換器で生成した冷気を送風機でバッテリへ送風する空冷式となるので、バッテリの冷却効率の点でも十分ではなく、また、送風機や送風された空気をバッテリに導くダクト又はケースが必要となり、省スペース化の点でも、依然として改善の余地がある。 Also, in the above-described device, the cooling of the battery is an air-cooling system in which the cold air generated by the battery heat exchanger is blown to the battery by a blower. A duct or case is required to guide blown air to the battery, and there is still room for improvement in terms of space saving.

さらに、車室の前席空間と後席空間とを別々に冷却可能とするために前席用蒸発器と後席用蒸発器とを設ける構成においては、バッテリ用蒸発器へ冷媒を供給する経路を、前席用蒸発器や後席用蒸発器に冷媒を供給する経路と切り離して形成することが要請されるため、バッテリ蒸発器をどのように冷凍サイクルに組み込むかは非常に重要なポイントとなる。 Furthermore, in a configuration in which a front seat evaporator and a rear seat evaporator are provided in order to separately cool the front seat space and the rear seat space of the passenger compartment, a path for supplying refrigerant to the battery evaporator is required. is required to be formed separately from the refrigerant supply path to the front seat evaporator and rear seat evaporator, so how to incorporate the battery evaporator into the refrigeration cycle is a very important point. Become.

本発明は係る事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、バッテリの冷却と車室の前席空間および後席空間とを冷却することが可能な車両用冷却装置において、高価な電子式膨張装置を用いることなく車室を冷却できるようにしつつ、前席空間および後席空間とは独立させてバッテリを冷却させることで効率的なバッテリ冷却を行うことが可能な車両用冷却装置とこれを用いた冷却方法を提供することを主たる課題としている。
また、上記課題を達成した上で、さらにバッテリの冷却を効果的に行うと共に、省スペース化を図ることができれば、一層好ましい。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and uses an expensive electronic expansion device in a vehicle cooling device capable of cooling a battery and cooling a front seat space and a rear seat space of a passenger compartment. A cooling device for a vehicle capable of efficiently cooling the battery by cooling the battery independently of the front seat space and the rear seat space while cooling the vehicle interior without cooling, and cooling using the same The main task is to provide a method.
Further, it would be more preferable if the above-mentioned problems could be achieved, and the battery could be cooled more effectively and the space could be saved.

上記課題を達成するために、本発明に係る車両用冷却装置は、車両に搭載され、車両走行用の電力を蓄電可能とするバッテリ（１３）を冷却する機能を備えた車両用冷却装置（１）であって、
冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機（２）と、前記圧縮機（２）で圧縮された冷媒を放熱する放熱器（３）と、車両の前席空間に送風される空気を冷却する前席用蒸発器（２１）と、前記前席用蒸発器（２１）から前記圧縮機（２）に向かう冷媒の温度、または冷媒の温度及び圧力を感知して前記放熱器（３）で放熱された冷媒の前記前席用蒸発器（２１）への供給流量を自律的に調節する前席用機械式膨張装置（２２）と、車両の後席空間に送風される空気を冷却する後席用蒸発器（３１）と、前記後席用蒸発器（３１）から前記圧縮機（２）に向かう冷媒の温度、または冷媒の温度及び圧力を感知して前記放熱器（３）で放熱された冷媒の前記後席用蒸発器（３１）への供給流量を自律的に調節する後席用機械式膨張装置（３２）と、前記バッテリ（１３）を冷却可能なバッテリ用蒸発器（１１）と、前記放熱器（３）で放熱された冷媒の前記バッテリ用蒸発器（１１）への供給流量を調節する電子式膨張装置（１２）と、を有する冷凍サイクル（１００）を備え、
前記冷凍サイクル（１００）は、前記放熱器（３）より下流側の冷媒管路（１０１）に設けられ、前記電子式膨張装置（１２）を介して前記バッテリ用蒸発器（１１）へ向かう管路（１０１ａ）と後述する第２分岐点（Ｂ２）へ向かう管路（１０１ｂ）とを分岐させる第１分岐点（Ｂ１）と、前記前席用機械式膨張装置（２２）を介して前記前席用蒸発器（２１）へ向かう管路（１０１ｃ）と前記後席用機械式膨張装置（３２）を介して前記後席用蒸発器（３１）へ向かう管路（１０１ｄ）とを分岐させる第２分岐点（Ｂ２）と、前記圧縮機（２）より上流側の冷媒管路（１０２）に設けられ、前記バッテリ用蒸発器（１１）から流出した冷媒の管路（１０２ａ）と後述する第２合流点（Ｊ２）を通過した冷媒の管路（１０２ｂ）とを合流させる第１合流点（Ｊ１）と、前記前席用蒸発器（２１）から流出した冷媒の管路（１０２ｃ）と前記後席用蒸発器（３１）から流出した冷媒の管路（１０２ｄ）とを合流させる第２合流点（Ｊ２）と、前記第１分岐点（Ｂ１）と前記第２分岐点（Ｂ２）との間の冷媒管路（１０１ｂ）、及び、前記第１合流点（Ｊ１）と前記第２合流点（Ｊ２）との間の冷媒管路（１０２ｂ）の少なくとも一方に配置された開閉弁（５，６）と、
を有することを特徴としている。 In order to achieve the above object, a vehicle cooling device according to the present invention provides a vehicle cooling device (1) having a function of cooling a battery (13) mounted on a vehicle and capable of storing electric power for running the vehicle. ) and
A compressor (2) for compressing a refrigerant, a radiator (3) for dissipating heat from the refrigerant compressed by the compressor (2), and a front seat evaporator for cooling the air blown into the front seat space of the vehicle. (21) senses the temperature of the refrigerant heading from the front seat evaporator (21) to the compressor (2), or the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant, and heats the refrigerant radiated by the radiator (3); A front seat mechanical expansion device (22) that autonomously adjusts the supply flow rate to the front seat evaporator (21), and a rear seat evaporator (31) that cools the air blown to the rear seat space of the vehicle. ), the temperature of the refrigerant heading from the rear seat evaporator (31) to the compressor (2), or the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant are sensed, and the heat of the refrigerant radiated by the radiator (3) is transferred to the rear seat A rear seat mechanical expansion device (32) that autonomously adjusts the supply flow rate to the evaporator (31), a battery evaporator (11) that can cool the battery (13), and the radiator ( A refrigeration cycle (100) having an electronic expansion device (12) that adjusts the supply flow rate of the refrigerant dissipated in 3) to the battery evaporator (11),
The refrigerating cycle (100) is provided in a refrigerant line (101) downstream of the radiator (3) and is directed to the battery evaporator (11) via the electronic expansion device (12). A first branch point (B1) for branching a passage (101a) and a pipe line (101b) heading to a second branch point (B2) described later, and the front seat mechanical expansion device (22). A pipeline (101c) leading to the seat evaporator (21) and a pipeline (101d) leading to the rear seat evaporator (31) via the rear seat mechanical expansion device (32) are branched. A second branch point (B2), a refrigerant pipe (102) provided upstream of the compressor (2), a refrigerant pipe (102a) flowing out of the battery evaporator (11), and a second branch point (102a), which will be described later. A first junction (J1) that joins the refrigerant pipe (102b) that has passed through the second junction (J2); A second confluence point (J2) for joining the refrigerant pipe (102d) flowing out of the rear seat evaporator (31), and the first branch point (B1) and the second branch point (B2). An on-off valve (5, 6) and
It is characterized by having

したがって、前席空間および後席空間を冷却すると共に車両走行用のバッテリを冷却する機能を備えた車両用冷却装置において、前席および後席用の蒸発器への冷媒流量を調節する膨張装置を機械式膨張装置とした上で、バッテリのみを冷却することができるようになる。このため、室内冷却用の構成部品を廉価な部品で対応できるようにすると共に、バッテリ冷却を単独運転できるようにしてバッテリ冷却の効率を高めることが可能となる。 Therefore, in a vehicle cooling system having the function of cooling the front seat space and the rear seat space as well as cooling the battery for driving the vehicle, an expansion device for adjusting the refrigerant flow rate to the evaporator for the front seats and the rear seats is provided. It becomes possible to cool only the battery in addition to the mechanical expansion device. Therefore, it is possible to use inexpensive parts for the components for cooling the interior of the room, and to improve the efficiency of battery cooling by allowing the battery cooling to be operated independently.

第１分岐点（Ｂ１）と第２分岐点（Ｂ２）との間の冷媒管路、及び、第１合流点（Ｊ１）と第２合流点（Ｊ２）との間の冷媒管路の少なくとも一方に開閉弁を設けず、この開閉弁によって前席用蒸発器および後席用蒸発器への冷媒供給を停止させない場合には、前席用および後席用の膨張装置として機械式膨張装置を用いていると、少なからず冷媒がこの機械式膨張装置を介して前席用蒸発器や後席用蒸発器へ流出し、蒸発器を凍結させる不都合が考えられる。機械式膨張装置では、冷媒の流路を絞り状態とすることは可能であるが、完全に閉状態とすることが困難なためである。 At least one of the refrigerant line between the first branch point (B1) and the second branch point (B2) and the refrigerant line between the first junction (J1) and the second junction (J2) If no opening/closing valve is provided in the vehicle and the refrigerant supply to the front seat evaporator and the rear seat evaporator is not stopped by this opening/closing valve, a mechanical expansion device is used as the expansion device for the front and rear seats. If this is the case, not a little refrigerant will flow out to the front seat evaporator and the rear seat evaporator via this mechanical expansion device, and the evaporator will freeze. This is because in the mechanical expansion device, the refrigerant flow path can be throttled, but it is difficult to completely close the flow path.

このような不都合を回避するために、電子式膨張装置を用いて完全に閉状態を形成することも考えられるが、前席用蒸発器と後席用蒸発器のそれぞれに対応させて電子式膨張装置を用いる場合には、前述した如く、コストを抑えることが難しくなる。そこで、前席用蒸発器と後席用蒸発器のそれぞれに対応する膨張装置は機械式膨張装置とした上で、第１分岐点（Ｂ１）と第２分岐点（Ｂ２）との間の冷媒管路、及び、第１合流点（Ｊ１）と第２合流点（Ｊ２）との間の冷媒管路の少なくとも一方に開閉弁を設け、この開閉弁を閉とすることによって前席用蒸発器および後席用蒸発器への冷媒供給を停止させるようにすれば、前席用蒸発器および後席用蒸発器への冷媒供給を確実に停止させることが可能となり、前席用蒸発器や後席用蒸発器の凍結を防止しつつ、開閉弁を閉とした場合にはバッテリのみへ冷媒を供給することが可能となるので、バッテリの冷却効率を高めることが可能となる。 In order to avoid such inconvenience, it is conceivable to use an electronic expansion device to form a completely closed state. When using a device, it becomes difficult to keep costs down, as described above. Therefore, the expansion devices corresponding to the front seat evaporator and the rear seat evaporator are mechanical expansion devices, and the refrigerant between the first branch point (B1) and the second branch point (B2) is An on-off valve is provided in at least one of the pipeline and the refrigerant pipeline between the first junction (J1) and the second junction (J2), and the front seat evaporator is operated by closing the on-off valve. and the rear seat evaporator, it is possible to reliably stop the refrigerant supply to the front seat evaporator and the rear seat evaporator. While the seat evaporator is prevented from freezing, the refrigerant can be supplied only to the battery when the on-off valve is closed, so that the cooling efficiency of the battery can be enhanced.

なお、開閉弁を設ける態様としては、分岐点Ｂ１と分岐点Ｂ２との間に開閉弁を設ける態様（図１、図２）、合流点Ｊ１と合流点Ｊ２との間に開閉弁を設ける態様（図３、図４）、Ｂ１とＢ２との間、及び、Ｊ１とＪ２との間の両方に開閉弁を設ける態様（図５、図６）が考えられる。 As a mode of providing an on-off valve, an on-off valve is provided between the branch point B1 and the branch point B2 (FIGS. 1 and 2), and an on-off valve is provided between the junction J1 and the junction J2. (FIGS. 3 and 4), and a mode in which opening and closing valves are provided both between B1 and B2 and between J1 and J2 (FIGS. 5 and 6).

また、上述の車両用冷却装置において、前記バッテリ用蒸発器は、前記バッテリと熱的に結合されているようにするとよい。
このような構成においては、バッテリの熱をバッテリ用蒸発器に移動させることが容易となり、空気冷却よりも効率的な冷却が可能となる。また、バッテリを冷却するために送風機や空気流路を形成するダクト等が不要となるので、省スペース化、小型化を図ることが可能となる。 Further, in the vehicle cooling device described above, the battery evaporator may be thermally coupled to the battery.
In such a configuration, the heat of the battery can be easily transferred to the battery evaporator, allowing more efficient cooling than air cooling. In addition, since an air blower and a duct forming an air flow path are not required for cooling the battery, space saving and miniaturization can be achieved.

上述の車両用冷却装置を用いて冷却する場合において、前席空間および後席空間の冷却が不要であり、且つ、バッテリの冷却要請がある場合には、前記開閉弁を閉とし、前席空間および後席空間の冷却要請がある場合には、開閉弁を開にすればよい。また、バッテリの冷却要請が無い場合には、電子式膨張装置を閉にすればよい。 In the case of cooling using the vehicle cooling device described above, if the cooling of the front seat space and the rear seat space is unnecessary and there is a request to cool the battery, the on-off valve is closed and the front seat space is cooled. And if there is a request to cool the rear seat space, the on-off valve should be opened. Also, if there is no need to cool the battery, the electronic expansion device may be closed.

以上述べたように、本発明によれば、バッテリ用蒸発器から流出した冷媒の管路と第２合流点を通過した冷媒の管路とを合流させる第１合流点と、前席用蒸発器から流出した冷媒の管路と後席用蒸発器から流出した冷媒の管路とを合流させる第２合流点と、第１分岐点と第２分岐点との間の冷媒管路、及び、第１合流点と第２合流点との間の冷媒管路の少なくとも一方に開閉弁を配置したので、前席用蒸発器と後席用蒸発器のそれぞれに対応する膨張装置を機械式膨張装置とした上で、前席空間および後席空間とは独立させてバッテリを冷却させることが可能となり、高価な電子式膨張装置を用いることなく車室を冷却することが可能になると共に、前席空間および後席空間とは独立させてバッテリを効率的に冷却することが可能となる。 As described above, according to the present invention, the first confluence point for merging the refrigerant pipe line flowing out from the battery evaporator and the refrigerant pipe line having passed through the second confluence point, and the front seat evaporator A second junction at which the refrigerant line flowing out from the evaporator and the refrigerant line flowing out from the rear seat evaporator join, the refrigerant line between the first branch point and the second branch point, and the second Since the on-off valve is arranged in at least one of the refrigerant pipes between the first junction and the second junction, the expansion devices corresponding to the front seat evaporator and the rear seat evaporator are replaced with mechanical expansion devices. After that, it becomes possible to cool the battery independently of the front seat space and the rear seat space. And the battery can be efficiently cooled independently of the rear seat space.

また、バッテリ用蒸発器をバッテリと熱的に結合した構成とすることで、バッテリの熱をバッテリ用蒸発器に円滑に移動させることが可能となるので、空気冷却よりも効率的な冷却が可能となる。しかも、バッテリを冷却するために送風機や空気流路を形成するダクトが不要となるので、省スペース化、小型化を図ることが可能となる。 In addition, by configuring the battery evaporator to be thermally coupled with the battery, the heat of the battery can be smoothly transferred to the battery evaporator, enabling more efficient cooling than air cooling. becomes. Moreover, since a blower and a duct forming an air flow path are not required for cooling the battery, space saving and miniaturization can be achieved.

図１は、本発明に係る車両用冷却装置の構成例を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a vehicle cooling device according to the present invention. 図２は、図１の車両用冷却装置を用いた冷却態様を示す図であり、冷媒が流れている管路を太線で示したものであり、（ａ）は、バッテリのみを冷却する状態を示し、（ｂ）は、バッテリと車室（前席空間および後席空間）とを冷却する状態を示し、（ｃ）は、車室（前席空間と後席空間）のみを冷却する状態を示す。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cooling mode using the vehicle cooling device of FIG. (b) shows the state of cooling the battery and the passenger compartment (front seat space and rear seat space), and (c) shows the state of cooling only the passenger compartment (front seat space and rear seat space). show. 図３は、本発明に係る車両用冷却装置の他の構成例を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the vehicle cooling device according to the present invention. 図４は、図３の車両用冷却装置を用いた冷却態様を示す図であり、冷媒が流れている管路を太線で示したものであり、（ａ）は、バッテリのみを冷却する状態を示し、（ｂ）は、バッテリと車室（前席空間および後席空間）とを冷却する状態を示し、（ｃ）は、車室（前席空間と後席空間）のみを冷却する状態を示す。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a cooling mode using the vehicle cooling device of FIG. (b) shows the state of cooling the battery and the passenger compartment (front seat space and rear seat space), and (c) shows the state of cooling only the passenger compartment (front seat space and rear seat space). show. 図５は、本発明に係る車両用冷却装置のさらに他の構成例を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing still another configuration example of the vehicle cooling device according to the present invention. 図６は、図５の車両用冷却装置を用いた冷却態様を示す図であり、冷媒が流れている管路を太線で示したものであり、（ａ）は、バッテリのみを冷却する状態を示し、（ｂ）は、バッテリと車室（前席空間および後席空間）とを冷却する状態を示し、（ｃ）は、車室（前席空間と後席空間）のみを冷却する状態を示す。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a cooling mode using the vehicle cooling device of FIG. (b) shows the state of cooling the battery and the passenger compartment (front seat space and rear seat space), and (c) shows the state of cooling only the passenger compartment (front seat space and rear seat space). show.

以下、本発明に係る車両用冷却装置の実施形態を図面により説明する。
図１において、車両用冷却装置１は、車両走行用の電力を蓄電可能とするバッテリ１３を冷却可能とするバッテリ温度管理装置１０と、車両の前席空間を冷却可能とする前席用空調ユニット２０と、車両の後席空間を冷却可能とする後席用空調ユニット３０と、を有し、バッテリ温度管理装置１０に設けられ、バッテリ１３を冷却可能とするバッテリ用蒸発器１１と、前席用空調ユニット２０内に配置されて前席空間から取り込んだ空気を冷却する前席用蒸発器２１と、後席用空調ユニット内に配置されて後席空間から取り込んだ空気を冷却する後席用蒸発器３１と、を有する冷凍サイクル１００を備えている。 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of a vehicle cooling device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1, the vehicle cooling device 1 includes a battery temperature control device 10 that can cool a battery 13 that can store electric power for vehicle running, and a front seat air conditioning unit that can cool the front seat space of the vehicle. a battery evaporator 11 provided in the battery temperature control device 10 and capable of cooling the battery 13; and a front seat. A front seat evaporator 21 arranged in the air conditioning unit 20 for cooling the air taken in from the front seat space, and a rear seat evaporator 21 arranged in the rear seat air conditioning unit for cooling the air taken in from the rear seat space. A refrigeration cycle 100 having an evaporator 31 is provided.

この冷凍サイクル１００は、具体的には、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機２と、圧縮機２で圧縮された冷媒を放熱する放熱器３と、バッテリ１３を冷却可能とする前記バッテリ用蒸発器１１と、放熱器３で放熱された冷媒を減圧膨張してバッテリ用蒸発器１１へ供給する冷媒量を調節するバッテリ用膨張装置１２と、車両の前席空間に送風される空気を冷却する前記前席用蒸発器２１と、放熱器３で放熱された冷媒を減圧膨張して前席用蒸発器２１へ供給する冷媒量を調節する前席用膨張装置２２と、車両の後席空間に送風される空気を冷却する前記後席用蒸発器３１と、放熱器３で放熱された冷媒を減圧膨張して後席用蒸発器３１へ供給される冷媒量を調節する後席用膨張装置３２と、を有して構成されている。 Specifically, the refrigerating cycle 100 includes a compressor 2 that compresses a refrigerant, a radiator 3 that dissipates heat from the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2, and the battery evaporator 11 that can cool the battery 13. , a battery expansion device 12 that decompresses and expands the refrigerant radiated by the radiator 3 and adjusts the amount of refrigerant supplied to the battery evaporator 11; a front seat expansion device 22 for adjusting the amount of refrigerant supplied to the front seat evaporator 21 by decompressing and expanding the refrigerant radiated by the radiator 3; The rear seat evaporator 31 for cooling air, and the rear seat expansion device 32 for adjusting the amount of refrigerant supplied to the rear seat evaporator 31 by decompressing and expanding the refrigerant radiated by the radiator 3. It is configured with

バッテリ用蒸発器１１と、前席用蒸発器２１、後席用蒸発器３１は、圧縮機２及び放熱器３に対して並列的に接続されている。放熱器３より下流側の冷媒管路１０１は、バッテリ用膨張装置１２を介してバッテリ用蒸発器１１へ向かう管路１０１ａと後述する第２分岐点（Ｂ２）へ向かう管路１０１ｂとを分岐させる第１分岐点（Ｂ１）と、前席用膨張装置２２を介して前席用蒸発器２１へ向かう管路１０１ｃと後席用膨張装置３２を介して後席用蒸発器３１へ向かう管路１０１ｄとを分岐させる第２分岐点（Ｂ２）と、を備え、放熱器３から流出した冷媒を、第１分岐点（Ｂ１）を介してバッテリ用膨張装置１２へ導き、また、第１分岐点（Ｂ１）および第２分岐点（Ｂ２）を介して前席用膨張装置２２と後席用膨張装置３２へ導くようにしている。 The battery evaporator 11 , the front seat evaporator 21 , and the rear seat evaporator 31 are connected in parallel to the compressor 2 and the radiator 3 . The refrigerant pipe 101 on the downstream side of the radiator 3 branches into a pipe 101a directed to the battery evaporator 11 via the battery expansion device 12 and a pipe 101b directed to a second branch point (B2) described later. A first branch point (B1), a pipeline 101c directed to the front seat evaporator 21 via the front seat expansion device 22, and a pipeline 101d directed to the rear seat evaporator 31 via the rear seat expansion device 32. and a second branch point (B2) that branches the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator 3 to the battery expansion device 12 via the first branch point (B1). B1) and the second branch point (B2) lead to the front seat expansion device 22 and the rear seat expansion device 32 .

また、圧縮機２より上流側の冷媒管路１０２は、バッテリ用蒸発器１１から流出した冷媒の管路１０２ａと後述する第２合流点（Ｊ２）を通過した冷媒の管路１０２ｂとを合流させる第１合流点（Ｊ１）と、前席用蒸発器２１から流出した冷媒の管路１０２ｃと後席用蒸発器３１から流出した冷媒の管路１０２ｄとを合流させる第２合流点（Ｊ２）と、を備え、バッテリ用蒸発器１１から流出した冷媒を第１合流点（Ｊ１）を経て圧縮機２に戻し、前席用蒸発器２１と後席用蒸発器３１から流出した冷媒を第２合流点（Ｊ２）および第１合流点（Ｊ１）を経て圧縮機２に戻すようにしている。 Further, the refrigerant pipe 102 on the upstream side of the compressor 2 joins the refrigerant pipe 102a flowing out from the battery evaporator 11 and the refrigerant pipe 102b passing through a second junction (J2) described later. a first junction (J1) and a second junction (J2) at which the refrigerant conduit 102c flowing out of the front seat evaporator 21 and the refrigerant conduit 102d flowing out of the rear seat evaporator 31 join together; , the refrigerant flowing out from the battery evaporator 11 is returned to the compressor 2 via the first junction (J1), and the refrigerant flowing out from the front seat evaporator 21 and the rear seat evaporator 31 is returned to the second junction. It is returned to the compressor 2 via the point (J2) and the first junction (J1).

ここで、前席用膨張装置２２は、前席用蒸発器２１から圧縮機２に向かう冷媒の温度、または冷媒の温度及び圧力を感知して放熱器３で放熱された冷媒の前席用蒸発器２１への供給流量を自律的に調節する機械式膨張弁（前席用機械式膨張装置）で構成される。後席用膨張装置３２も、後席用蒸発器３１から圧縮機２に向かう冷媒の温度、または冷媒の温度及び圧力を感知して放熱器３で放熱された冷媒の後席用蒸発器３１への供給流量を自律的に調節する機械式膨張弁（後席用機械式膨張装置）で構成されている。 Here, the front expansion device 22 senses the temperature of the refrigerant heading from the front evaporator 21 to the compressor 2, or the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant, and evaporates the refrigerant radiated by the radiator 3 to the front seat. It consists of a mechanical expansion valve (mechanical expansion device for front seats) that autonomously adjusts the supply flow rate to the container 21 . The rear expansion device 32 also senses the temperature of the refrigerant flowing from the rear evaporator 31 to the compressor 2 or the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant, and transfers the refrigerant radiated by the radiator 3 to the rear evaporator 31. It consists of a mechanical expansion valve (mechanical expansion device for rear seats) that autonomously adjusts the supply flow rate of air.

冷媒の温度を感知して冷媒の供給流量を自律的に調節する機械式膨張弁は、いわゆる内部均圧式の自動膨張弁を想定したもので、蒸発器２１，３１の温度又は蒸発器２１，３１を流出する冷媒の温度の高低を予め封入されたガスの圧力の高低へと変換する感温筒と、感温筒側のガスの封入空間と蒸発器２１，３１に流入する冷媒（流入冷媒）が導入される導入空間とを区画すると共に感温筒側のガスの圧力と流入冷媒の圧力とがそれぞれ対向して作用するように構成されたダイヤフラム（又はベローズ）とを有し、この感温筒側のガスの圧力と流入冷媒の圧力とを均等にするように動作させる。また、冷媒の温度及び圧力を感知して冷媒の供給流量を自律的に調節する機械式膨張弁は、いわゆる外部均圧式の自動膨張弁を想定したもので、蒸発器２１，３１の温度又は蒸発器２１，３１を流出する冷媒の温度の高低を予め封入されたガスの圧力の高低へと変換する感温筒と、蒸発器２１，３１を流出する冷媒（流出冷媒）が導入される導入空間とを区画すると共に感温筒側のガスの圧力と流出冷媒の圧力とがそれぞれ対向して作用するように構成されたダイヤフラム（又はベローズ）とを有し、この感温筒側のガスの圧力と流出冷媒の圧力とを均等にするように動作させる。 The mechanical expansion valve that senses the temperature of the refrigerant and autonomously adjusts the supply flow rate of the refrigerant is assumed to be a so-called internal pressure equalization type automatic expansion valve. A temperature sensing cylinder that converts the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out into the pressure of the pre-enclosed gas, and the refrigerant that flows into the gas enclosure space on the temperature sensing cylinder side and the evaporators 21 and 31 (inflow refrigerant) and a diaphragm (or bellows) configured so that the pressure of the gas on the side of the temperature sensing cylinder and the pressure of the inflowing refrigerant act in opposition to each other, and this temperature sensing It is operated so as to equalize the pressure of the cylinder-side gas and the pressure of the inflowing refrigerant. In addition, the mechanical expansion valve that senses the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant and autonomously adjusts the supply flow rate of the refrigerant is assumed to be a so-called external pressure equalization type automatic expansion valve. A temperature-sensing cylinder that converts the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the evaporators 21 and 31 into the pressure of the pre-filled gas, and an introduction space into which the refrigerant flowing out of the evaporators 21 and 31 (flowing refrigerant) is introduced. and a diaphragm (or bellows) configured so that the pressure of the gas on the temperature sensing cylinder side and the pressure of the outflowing refrigerant act in opposition to each other, and the pressure of the gas on the temperature sensing cylinder side and the pressure of the outflowing refrigerant.

これに対して、バッテリ用蒸発器１１への供給流量を調節するバッテリ用膨張装置１２は、外部からの制御信号（後述する制御ユニット５０からの信号）で開度が制御される電子式膨張装置が用いられる。 On the other hand, the battery expansion device 12 for adjusting the supply flow rate to the battery evaporator 11 is an electronic expansion device whose opening is controlled by an external control signal (a signal from the control unit 50, which will be described later). is used.

また、この例において、バッテリ用蒸発器１１は、バッテリ１３と熱的に結合し冷却する方式を採用している。具体的には、バッテリ用蒸発器１１を、例えば、特開２０１６－３５３７８号公報に示されるように、並行に配置された複数のフラットチューブと、各々のフラットチューブの両端部のそれぞれに配置されたマニホールドとを有して構成し、フラットチューブをバッテリ１３の表面に直接的に接触させるようにしている。あるいは、フラットチューブとバッテリ１３の表面との間に熱伝導度を調整して温度の均一化を行うための熱伝導度調整部材や、フラットチューブとバッテリ１３の表面のそれぞれの歪みに基づいた非接触部を減少するための充填剤を介するよう構成し、フラットチューブをバッテリ１３の表面に間接的に接触させてもよい。 Also, in this example, the battery evaporator 11 employs a cooling system that is thermally coupled with the battery 13 . Specifically, the battery evaporator 11, for example, as shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2016-35378, includes a plurality of flat tubes arranged in parallel and arranged at both ends of each flat tube. and a manifold so that the flat tube is brought into direct contact with the surface of the battery 13 . Alternatively, a thermal conductivity adjustment member for adjusting the thermal conductivity between the flat tube and the surface of the battery 13 to equalize the temperature, or a non-contact based on the distortion of each surface of the flat tube and the battery 13 The flat tube may be indirectly in contact with the surface of the battery 13 through a filler for reducing the contact area.

そして、第１分岐点（Ｂ１）と第２分岐点（Ｂ２）との間の冷媒管路１０１ｂ、及び、第１合流点（Ｊ１）と第２合流点（Ｊ２）との間の冷媒管路１０２ｂの少なくとも一方に開閉弁（この例では、第１分岐点（Ｂ１）と第２分岐点（Ｂ２）との間の冷媒管路１０１ｂに開閉弁５）が配置されている。開閉弁は、絞り機能を有さないことが好ましい。これにより製造コストを抑制できる。 Then, the refrigerant pipeline 101b between the first branch point (B1) and the second branch point (B2), and the refrigerant pipeline between the first junction (J1) and the second junction (J2) An on-off valve (in this example, on-off valve 5 in refrigerant pipe line 101b between first branch point (B1) and second branch point (B2)) is arranged at least one of 102b. The on-off valve preferably does not have a throttle function. Thereby, the manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

制御ユニット５０は、車室内の熱負荷情報や前席用空調ユニット２０及び後席用空調ユニット３０の稼働の有無、バッテリの充電の有無等の情報を入力し、冷凍サイクル１００の稼働の有無（圧縮機２や放熱器３の冷却用ファン６の稼働の有無）を制御すると共に、バッテリ用膨張装置１２の開度制御や開閉弁５をオンオフさせる制御等を行うようにしている。 The control unit 50 inputs information such as heat load information in the passenger compartment, whether or not the front seat air conditioning unit 20 and the rear seat air conditioning unit 30 are in operation, and whether or not the battery is charged, and determines whether the refrigeration cycle 100 is in operation ( In addition to controlling the operation of the cooling fan 6 of the compressor 2 and the radiator 3, the opening control of the battery expansion device 12 and the ON/OFF control of the on-off valve 5 are performed.

図２に開閉弁５のオンオフ制御、及び、バッテリ用膨張装置１２の開度を制御することによって切り替えられる冷却態様が示されている。 FIG. 2 shows the cooling mode switched by controlling the ON/OFF control of the on-off valve 5 and the opening degree of the battery expansion device 12 .

このうち、図２（ａ）は、バッテリ１３のみを冷却するために、開閉弁５を閉として前席用蒸発器２１と後席用蒸発器３１への冷媒供給を止め、バッテリ用蒸発器１１のみへ冷媒を供給するように冷凍サイクル１００を稼働させた状態である。
この状態において、圧縮機２で圧縮された冷媒は、放熱器３で放熱され、その全てがバッテリ用膨張装置１２にて減圧膨張されてバッテリ用蒸発器１１へ供給される。したがって、放熱器３から流出する全ての冷媒をバッテリ冷却用として用いることが可能となるので（車室を冷却するために用いられないので）、バッテリを効率よく冷却することが可能となる。 Among them, FIG. 2A shows that in order to cool only the battery 13, the on-off valve 5 is closed to stop the refrigerant supply to the front seat evaporator 21 and the rear seat evaporator 31, and the battery evaporator 11 is cooled. This is a state in which the refrigeration cycle 100 is operated so as to supply the refrigerant only to.
In this state, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 is radiated by the radiator 3 , all of which is decompressed and expanded by the battery expansion device 12 and supplied to the battery evaporator 11 . Therefore, it is possible to use all the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator 3 for cooling the battery (because it is not used for cooling the passenger compartment), so that the battery can be efficiently cooled.

また、バッテリ用蒸発器１１は、バッテリ１３と熱的に結合されてバッテリの熱を吸収するので、バッテリを空気冷却する従来の冷却装置に比べて、冷却効率は非常に高いものとなる。バッテリ用蒸発器１１で得られた冷気を運搬するために送風機を用いる従来の空冷方式においては、空気の熱伝導率は極めて低いので、効果的にバッテリ１３を冷却することはできない。これに対して本発明においては、バッテリ１３にバッテリ用蒸発器１１を熱的に結合する（直接的に、または間接的に接触する）ことで、バッテリ１３から発生した熱を除去させるので、バッテリ１３を効果的に冷却させることができると共に、バッテリ１３を速やかに冷却することが可能となる。 Moreover, since the battery evaporator 11 is thermally coupled with the battery 13 and absorbs the heat of the battery, the cooling efficiency is much higher than that of the conventional cooling device that cools the battery with air. In a conventional air cooling system that uses a blower to convey the cold air obtained by the battery evaporator 11, the thermal conductivity of air is extremely low, so the battery 13 cannot be cooled effectively. In contrast, in the present invention, the heat generated from the battery 13 is removed by thermally coupling (directly or indirectly contacting) the battery evaporator 11 to the battery 13. 13 can be effectively cooled, and the battery 13 can be cooled quickly.

また、バッテリ用蒸発器１１をバッテリ１３と熱的に結合することで、送風機や空気流路を形成するダクトが不要となり、バッテリ温度管理装置１０の小型化が図れ、省スペース化を図ることが可能となる。 Further, by thermally coupling the battery evaporator 11 to the battery 13, a blower and a duct forming an air flow path are not required, and the battery temperature management device 10 can be made smaller and space-saving. It becomes possible.

また、図２（ｂ）は、バッテリ１３と車室（前席空間および後席空間）の両方を冷却するために、開閉弁５を開として前席用蒸発器２１と後席用蒸発器３１への冷媒供給を行いつつ、バッテリ用蒸発器１１へも冷媒を供給するように冷凍サイクル１００を稼働させた状態である。この例では、圧縮機２で圧縮された冷媒は、放熱器３で放熱され、その後、一部の冷媒が第１分岐点（Ｂ１）で分岐してバッテリ用蒸発器１１へ送られ、バッテリ冷却用として用いられ、残りの冷媒は、第２分岐点（Ｂ２）を介して前席用蒸発器２１と後席用蒸発器３１に振り分けられて供給される。したがって、バッテリ１３はバッテリ用蒸発器１１によって速やかに冷却され、また車室（前席空間、後席空間）も同時に冷却されることになる。 FIG. 2(b) shows a front seat evaporator 21 and a rear seat evaporator 31 with the on-off valve 5 opened in order to cool both the battery 13 and the passenger compartment (front seat space and rear seat space). In this state, the refrigerating cycle 100 is operated so as to supply the refrigerant to the battery evaporator 11 while supplying the refrigerant to the battery evaporator 11 . In this example, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 is radiated by the radiator 3, and then part of the refrigerant is branched at the first branch point (B1) and sent to the battery evaporator 11 to cool the battery. The remaining refrigerant is divided and supplied to the front seat evaporator 21 and the rear seat evaporator 31 via the second branch point (B2). Therefore, the battery 13 is quickly cooled by the battery evaporator 11, and the vehicle compartment (front seat space and rear seat space) is also cooled at the same time.

さらに、図２（ｃ）は、車室（前席空間および後席空間）のみを冷却するために、開閉弁５を開としつつバッテリ用膨張装置１２を閉とした状態である。この例では、圧縮機２で圧縮された冷媒は、放熱器３で放熱され、その後、バッテリ用蒸発器１１へ送られることなく、全ての冷媒が第２分岐点（Ｂ２）で分岐されて、前席用蒸発器２１と後席用蒸発器３１へ送られる。このため、圧縮機２で圧縮された冷媒を車室（前席空間および後席空間）の冷房のためだけに使用することができ、車室内の冷房を効率よく行うことが可能となる。 Further, FIG. 2(c) shows a state in which the on-off valve 5 is opened and the battery expansion device 12 is closed in order to cool only the vehicle compartment (front seat space and rear seat space). In this example, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 is radiated by the radiator 3, and then all the refrigerant is branched at the second branch point (B2) without being sent to the battery evaporator 11, It is sent to the front seat evaporator 21 and the rear seat evaporator 31 . Therefore, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 can be used only for cooling the passenger compartment (the front seat space and the rear seat space), so that the passenger compartment can be efficiently cooled.

なお、図２（ｂ）や図２（ｃ）のように車室（前席空間と後席空間）を冷却する場合、後席空間のみを単独で冷却する運転モードは行われない。前席空間に運転手や乗員が搭乗せず、後席空間に搭乗した乗員によって後席空間の冷却のみが要請されることが無いためである。このため、前席用膨張装置２２を閉弁機能を有した電子式膨張装置とする必要や、第２分岐点Ｂ２と前席用膨張装置２２との間に開閉弁５とは異なる開閉弁を設定する必要は、無い。 When cooling the passenger compartment (the front seat space and the rear seat space) as shown in FIGS. 2(b) and 2(c), the driving mode for cooling only the rear seat space alone is not performed. This is because the driver and passengers do not sit in the front seat space and the passengers in the rear seat space do not request only the cooling of the rear seat space. For this reason, it is necessary to make the front seat expansion device 22 an electronic expansion device having a valve closing function, or to install an on-off valve different from the on-off valve 5 between the second branch point B2 and the front seat expansion device 22. No need to set.

以上の例においては、開閉弁５を第１分岐点（Ｂ１）と第２分岐点（Ｂ２）との間の冷媒管路１０１ｂに配置した例を示したが、図３に示されるように、開閉弁６を第１合流点（Ｊ１）と第２合流点（Ｊ２）との間の冷媒管路１０２ｂに配置し、制御ユニット５０で開閉制御するようにしてもよい。 In the above example, the on-off valve 5 is arranged in the refrigerant pipe line 101b between the first branch point (B1) and the second branch point (B2). The on-off valve 6 may be arranged in the refrigerant pipe line 102b between the first junction (J1) and the second junction (J2), and the control unit 50 may perform opening/closing control.

図４に、図３の構成において開閉弁６をオンオフ制御することにより切り替えられる冷却態様が示されている。
このうち、図４（ａ）は、バッテリのみを冷却するために、開閉弁６を閉として前席用蒸発器２１と後席用蒸発器３１から流出する冷媒を止め、第２分岐点（Ｂ２）から前席用蒸発器２１や後席用蒸発器３１へ導かれる冷媒を停止させるように冷凍サイクル１００を稼働させた状態である。 FIG. 4 shows cooling modes switched by on-off control of the on-off valve 6 in the configuration of FIG.
Among them, FIG. 4(a) shows that in order to cool only the battery, the on-off valve 6 is closed to stop the refrigerant flowing out of the front seat evaporator 21 and the rear seat evaporator 31, and the second branch point (B2 ) to the front seat evaporator 21 or the rear seat evaporator 31 is stopped.

この状態においては、圧縮機２で圧縮された冷媒が放熱器３で放熱され、その全てがバッテリ用膨張装置１２にて減圧膨張されてバッテリ用蒸発器１１へ供給される。したがって、放熱器３から流出する全ての冷媒をバッテリ冷却用として用いることが可能となるので、バッテリ１３効率よく冷却することが可能となる。
また、バッテリ用蒸発器１１は、バッテリ１３と熱的に結合されてバッテリ１３の熱を吸収するので、バッテリ用蒸発器１１の冷気を送風するための送風機やダクトが不要となる。 In this state, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 is radiated by the radiator 3 and all of it is decompressed and expanded by the battery expansion device 12 and supplied to the battery evaporator 11 . Therefore, it is possible to use all the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator 3 for cooling the battery, so that the battery 13 can be efficiently cooled.
In addition, since the battery evaporator 11 is thermally coupled with the battery 13 and absorbs the heat of the battery 13, a blower or a duct for blowing cold air from the battery evaporator 11 becomes unnecessary.

また、図４（ｂ）は、バッテリ１３と車室（前席空間および後席空間）の両方を冷却するために、開閉弁６を開として前席用蒸発器２１と後席用蒸発器３１への冷媒循環を行いつつ、バッテリ用蒸発器１１へも冷媒を供給するように冷凍サイクル１００を稼働させた状態である。この例では、圧縮機２で圧縮された冷媒は、放熱器３で放熱され、その後、一部の冷媒が第１分岐点（Ｂ１）で分岐してバッテリ用蒸発器１１へ送られ、バッテリ冷却用として用いられ、残りの冷媒は、第２分岐点（Ｂ２）を介して前席用蒸発器２１と後席用蒸発器３１に振り分けられて供給される。したがって、バッテリ１３はバッテリ用蒸発器１１によって速やかに冷却され、また車室（前席空間、後席空間）も同時に冷却されることになる。 FIG. 4(b) shows the front seat evaporator 21 and the rear seat evaporator 31 with the on-off valve 6 opened in order to cool both the battery 13 and the passenger compartment (front seat space and rear seat space). In this state, the refrigerating cycle 100 is operated so as to supply the refrigerant to the battery evaporator 11 as well while circulating the refrigerant to the evaporator 11 for the battery. In this example, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 is radiated by the radiator 3, and then part of the refrigerant is branched at the first branch point (B1) and sent to the battery evaporator 11 to cool the battery. The remaining refrigerant is divided and supplied to the front seat evaporator 21 and the rear seat evaporator 31 via the second branch point (B2). Therefore, the battery 13 is quickly cooled by the battery evaporator 11, and the vehicle compartment (front seat space and rear seat space) is also cooled at the same time.

さらに、図４（ｃ）は、車室（前席空間および後席空間）のみを冷却するために、開閉弁６を開としつつバッテリ用膨張装置１２を閉とした状態である。この例では、圧縮機２で圧縮された冷媒は、放熱器３で放熱され、その後、バッテリ用蒸発器１１へ送られることなく、全ての冷媒が第２分岐点（Ｂ２）で分岐されて前席用蒸発器２１と後席用蒸発器３１へ送られる。このため、圧縮機２で圧縮された冷媒を車室（前席空間および後席空間）の冷房のためだけに使用することができ、車室内の冷房を効率よく行うことが可能となる。 Further, FIG. 4(c) shows a state in which the on-off valve 6 is opened and the battery expansion device 12 is closed in order to cool only the vehicle compartment (front seat space and rear seat space). In this example, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 is radiated by the radiator 3, and then, without being sent to the battery evaporator 11, all the refrigerant is branched at the second branch point (B2) and forward It is sent to the seat evaporator 21 and the rear seat evaporator 31 . Therefore, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 can be used only for cooling the passenger compartment (the front seat space and the rear seat space), so that the passenger compartment can be efficiently cooled.

なお、図４（ｂ）や図４（ｃ）のように車室（前席空間と後席空間）を冷却する場合、後席空間のみを単独で冷却する運転モードは行われない。前席空間に運転手や乗員が搭乗せず、後席空間に搭乗した乗員によって後席空間の冷却のみが要請されることが無いためである。このため、前席用膨張装置２２を閉弁機能を有した電子式膨張装置とする必要や、第２分岐点Ｂ２と前席用膨張装置２２との間に開閉弁５とは異なる開閉弁を設定する必要は、無い。 When cooling the passenger compartment (front seat space and rear seat space) as shown in FIGS. 4(b) and 4(c), the driving mode for cooling only the rear seat space alone is not performed. This is because the driver and passengers do not sit in the front seat space and the passengers in the rear seat space do not request only the cooling of the rear seat space. For this reason, it is necessary to make the front seat expansion device 22 an electronic expansion device having a valve closing function, or to install an on-off valve different from the on-off valve 5 between the second branch point B2 and the front seat expansion device 22. No need to set.

図５において、さらに他の構成例が示され、開閉弁５を第１分岐点（Ｂ１）と第２分岐点（Ｂ２）との間の冷媒管路１０１ｂに配置し、また、開閉弁６を第１合流点（Ｊ１）と第２合流点（Ｊ２）との間の冷媒管路１０２ｂにも配置し、制御ユニット５０でこれらの開閉弁５，６を開閉制御するようにしてもよい。 FIG. 5 shows still another configuration example, in which the on-off valve 5 is arranged in the refrigerant pipe line 101b between the first branch point (B1) and the second branch point (B2), and the on-off valve 6 is The control unit 50 may be arranged in the refrigerant pipe line 102b between the first junction (J1) and the second junction (J2), and the control unit 50 may control the opening and closing of these on-off valves 5 and 6.

図６に、図５の構成において開閉弁５，６をオンオフ制御することにより切り替えられる冷却態様例が示されている。 FIG. 6 shows an example of a cooling mode that can be switched by on-off controlling the on-off valves 5 and 6 in the configuration of FIG.

このうち、図６（ａ）は、バッテリ１３のみを冷却するために、開閉弁５と開閉弁６を閉として前席用蒸発器２１と後席用蒸発器３１への冷媒の供給を止め、バッテリ用蒸発器１１のみへ冷媒を供給するように冷凍サイクル１００を稼働させた状態である。
この状態においては、圧縮機２で圧縮された冷媒が放熱器３で放熱され、その全てがバッテリ用膨張装置１２にて減圧膨張されてバッテリ用蒸発器１１へ供給される。したがって、放熱器３から流出する全ての冷媒をバッテリ冷却用として用いることが可能となるので、バッテリ１３を効率よく冷却することが可能となる。
また、バッテリ用蒸発器１１は、バッテリ１３と熱的に結合されてバッテリ１３の熱を吸収するので、バッテリ用蒸発器１１の冷気を送風するための送風機やダクトが不要となる。 Among them, FIG. 6(a) closes the on-off valve 5 and the on-off valve 6 to cool only the battery 13 and stops the supply of the refrigerant to the front seat evaporator 21 and the rear seat evaporator 31. The refrigerating cycle 100 is operated so as to supply refrigerant only to the battery evaporator 11 .
In this state, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 is radiated by the radiator 3 and all of it is decompressed and expanded by the battery expansion device 12 and supplied to the battery evaporator 11 . Therefore, it becomes possible to use all the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator 3 for cooling the battery, so that the battery 13 can be efficiently cooled.
In addition, since the battery evaporator 11 is thermally coupled with the battery 13 and absorbs the heat of the battery 13, a blower or a duct for blowing cold air from the battery evaporator 11 becomes unnecessary.

また、図６（ｂ）は、バッテリ１３と車室（前席空間および後席空間）の両方を冷却するために、開閉弁５と開閉弁６を開としてバッテリ用蒸発器１１へ冷媒を供給しつつ、前席用蒸発器２１と後席用蒸発器へも冷媒供給を行うように冷凍サイクルを稼働させた状態である。この例では、圧縮機２で圧縮された冷媒は、放熱器３で放熱され、その後、一部の冷媒が第１分岐点（Ｂ１）で分岐してバッテリ用蒸発器１１へ送られ、バッテリ冷却用として用いられ、残りの冷媒は、第２分岐点（Ｂ２）を介して前席用蒸発器２１と後席用蒸発器３１に振り分けられて供給される。したがって、バッテリ１３はバッテリ用蒸発器１１によって速やかに冷却され、また車室（前席空間、後席空間）も同時に冷却されることになる。 In FIG. 6B, in order to cool both the battery 13 and the passenger compartment (front seat space and rear seat space), the on-off valve 5 and the on-off valve 6 are opened to supply refrigerant to the battery evaporator 11. Meanwhile, the refrigerating cycle is operated so as to supply the refrigerant to the front seat evaporator 21 and the rear seat evaporator as well. In this example, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 is radiated by the radiator 3, and then part of the refrigerant is branched at the first branch point (B1) and sent to the battery evaporator 11 to cool the battery. The remaining refrigerant is divided and supplied to the front seat evaporator 21 and the rear seat evaporator 31 via the second branch point (B2). Therefore, the battery 13 is quickly cooled by the battery evaporator 11, and the vehicle compartment (front seat space and rear seat space) is also cooled at the same time.

さらに、図６（ｃ）は、車室（前席空間および後席空間）のみを冷却するために、開閉弁５と開閉弁６を開としつつバッテリ用膨張装置１２を閉とした状態である。この例では、圧縮機２で圧縮された冷媒は、放熱器３で放熱され、その後、バッテリ用蒸発器１１へ送られることなく、全ての冷媒が第２分岐点（Ｂ２）で分岐されて前席用蒸発器２１と後席用蒸発器３１へ送られる。このため、圧縮機２で圧縮された冷媒を車室（前席空間および後席空間）の冷房のためだけに使用することができ、車室内の冷房を効率よく行うことが可能となる。 Further, FIG. 6(c) shows a state in which the on-off valves 5 and 6 are opened and the battery expansion device 12 is closed in order to cool only the passenger compartment (front seat space and rear seat space). . In this example, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 is radiated by the radiator 3, and then, without being sent to the battery evaporator 11, all the refrigerant is branched at the second branch point (B2) and forward It is sent to the seat evaporator 21 and the rear seat evaporator 31 . Therefore, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 can be used only for cooling the passenger compartment (the front seat space and the rear seat space), so that the passenger compartment can be efficiently cooled.

以上のように、前席空間と後席空間を冷却するデュアルエアコンを搭載すると共に、車両走行用の電力を蓄電可能とするバッテリ１３を冷却する機能を備えた車両用冷却装置１において、前席用膨張装置２２と後席用膨張装置３２を機械式膨張装置とし、バッテリ用膨張装置１２を電子式膨張装置とし、第１分岐点（Ｂ１）と第２分岐点（Ｂ２）との間の冷媒管路１０１ｂ、及び、第１合流点（Ｊ１）と第２合流点（Ｊ２）との間の冷媒管路１０２ｂの少なくとも一方に開閉弁５，６を配置し、この開閉弁５，６のオンオフ、及び、バッテリ用膨張装置１２の開度制御によって冷却態様を切り替えるようにしたので、前席空間および後席空間とバッテリ１３を冷却可能とする冷凍サイクルを廉価に形成することが可能になると共に、バッテリ１３を単独で冷却することが可能となる。すなわち、バッテリ１３のみを単独で冷却させる運転モードと、バッテリ１３及び車室（前席空間と構成空間）を同時に冷却させる運転モードと、車室のみを冷却させる運転モードの切り替えが可能となる As described above, in the vehicle cooling device 1 equipped with the dual air conditioners for cooling the front seat space and the rear seat space and having the function of cooling the battery 13 capable of storing electric power for running the vehicle, the front seats The battery expansion device 22 and the rear seat expansion device 32 are mechanical expansion devices, the battery expansion device 12 is an electronic expansion device, and the refrigerant between the first branch point (B1) and the second branch point (B2) is On-off valves 5 and 6 are arranged in at least one of the pipeline 101b and the refrigerant pipeline 102b between the first junction (J1) and the second junction (J2), and the on-off valves 5 and 6 are turned on and off. Also, since the cooling mode is switched by controlling the opening degree of the battery expansion device 12, it is possible to inexpensively form a refrigeration cycle capable of cooling the front seat space, the rear seat space, and the battery 13. , the battery 13 can be cooled independently. That is, it is possible to switch between an operation mode in which only the battery 13 is cooled alone, an operation mode in which the battery 13 and the passenger compartment (front seat space and structural space) are cooled simultaneously, and an operation mode in which only the passenger compartment is cooled.

なお、図６（ｂ）や図６（ｃ）のように車室（前席空間と後席空間）を冷却する場合、後席空間のみを単独で冷却する運転モードは行われない。前席空間に運転手や乗員が搭乗せず、後席空間に搭乗した乗員によって後席空間の冷却のみが要請されることが無いためである。このため、前席用膨張装置２２を閉弁機能を有した電子式膨張装置とする必要や、第２分岐点Ｂ２と前席用膨張装置２２との間に開閉弁５とは異なる開閉弁を設定する必要は、無い。 When cooling the passenger compartment (the front seat space and the rear seat space) as shown in FIGS. 6(b) and 6(c), the driving mode for cooling only the rear seat space alone is not performed. This is because the driver and passengers do not sit in the front seat space and the passengers in the rear seat space do not request only the cooling of the rear seat space. For this reason, it is necessary to make the front seat expansion device 22 an electronic expansion device having a valve closing function, or to install an on-off valve different from the on-off valve 5 between the second branch point B2 and the front seat expansion device 22. No need to set.

また、上述の例では、バッテリ用蒸発器１１をバッテリ１３と熱的に結合させてバッテリ１３を冷却させるようにしているので、バッテリ１３を冷却するために送風機や空気流路を形成するダクトが不要となり、バッテリ温度管理装置１０を小型にすることができ、省スペース化を図ることが可能となる。 In the above example, since the battery evaporator 11 is thermally coupled to the battery 13 to cool the battery 13, a fan and a duct forming an air flow path are required to cool the battery 13. This makes it possible to reduce the size of the battery temperature management device 10 and save space.

さらに、上述の構成においては、デュアルエアコンの冷凍サイクルにおいて、開閉弁５（分岐側開閉弁）を設ける場合には、バッテリ用蒸発器１１に通じる管路１０１ａを接続する第１分岐点（Ｂ１）を放熱器３と開閉弁５との間に設け、開閉弁６（合流側開閉弁）を設ける場合には、バッテリ用蒸発器１１に通じる管路１０２ａを接続する第１合流点（Ｊ１）を開閉弁６と圧縮機２との間に設けるようにしたので、第１分岐点（Ｂ１）と第１合流点(Ｊ１)を介してバッテリ用蒸発器１１に通じる管路１０１ａ，１０２ａを接続すれば電気自動車に適用可能な冷凍サイクルとすることができ、容易に製造ができる。また第１分岐点と第１合流点との間のバッテリ用蒸発器１１に通じる管路１０１ａ，１０２ａを除去すれば、エンジン車両に適用可能な冷凍サイクルとすることができ、冷凍サイクルの汎用化を図ることが可能になる。 Furthermore, in the above-described configuration, in the refrigeration cycle of the dual air conditioner, when the on-off valve 5 (branch-side on-off valve) is provided, the first branch point (B1) connecting the conduit 101a leading to the battery evaporator 11 is provided between the radiator 3 and the on-off valve 5, and when the on-off valve 6 (merge side on-off valve) is provided, the first junction (J1) connecting the conduit 102a leading to the battery evaporator 11 is Since it is provided between the on-off valve 6 and the compressor 2, the pipelines 101a and 102a leading to the battery evaporator 11 are connected via the first branch point (B1) and the first junction (J1). For example, the refrigeration cycle can be applied to electric vehicles, and can be easily manufactured. Further, by removing the conduits 101a and 102a leading to the battery evaporator 11 between the first branch point and the first confluence point, the refrigeration cycle can be applied to engine vehicles, and the refrigeration cycle can be generalized. It becomes possible to plan

１ 車両用冷却装置
２ 圧縮機
３ 放熱器
５，６ 開閉弁
１１ バッテリ用蒸発器
１２ バッテリ用膨張装置。
１３ バッテリ
２１ 前席用蒸発器
２２ 前席用膨張装置
３１ 後席用蒸発器
３２ 後席用膨張装置
１００ 冷凍サイクル
Ｂ１ 第１分岐点
Ｂ２ 第２分岐点
Ｊ１ 第１合流点
Ｊ２ 第２合流点
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 vehicle cooling device 2 compressor 3 radiator 5, 6 on-off valve 11 battery evaporator 12 battery expansion device.
13 Battery 21 Front seat evaporator 22 Front seat expansion device 31 Rear seat evaporator 32 Rear seat expansion device 100 Refrigeration cycle B1 First branch point B2 Second branch point J1 First junction J2 Second junction

Claims (4)

車両に搭載され、車両走行用の電力を蓄電可能とするバッテリ（１３）を冷却する機能を備えた車両用冷却装置（１）であって、
冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機（２）と、
前記圧縮機（２）で圧縮された冷媒を放熱する放熱器（３）と、
車両の前席空間に送風される空気を冷却する前席用蒸発器（２１）と、
前記前席用蒸発器（２１）から前記圧縮機（２）に向かう冷媒の温度、または冷媒の温度及び圧力を感知して前記放熱器（３）で放熱された冷媒の前記前席用蒸発器（２１）への供給流量を自律的に調節する前席用機械式膨張装置（２２）と、
車両の後席空間に送風される空気を冷却する後席用蒸発器（３１）と、
前記後席用蒸発器（３１）から前記圧縮機（２）に向かう冷媒の温度、または冷媒の温度及び圧力を感知して前記放熱器（３）で放熱された冷媒の前記後席用蒸発器（３１）への供給流量を自律的に調節する後席用機械式膨張装置（３２）と、
前記バッテリ（１３）を冷却可能なバッテリ用蒸発器（１１）と、
前記放熱器（３）で放熱された冷媒の前記バッテリ用蒸発器（１１）への供給流量を調節する電子式膨張装置（１２）と、を有する冷凍サイクル（１００）を備え、
前記冷凍サイクル（１００）は、
前記放熱器（３）より下流側の冷媒管路（１０１）に設けられ、前記電子式膨張装置（１２）を介して前記バッテリ用蒸発器（１１）へ向かう管路（１０１ａ）と後述する第２分岐点（Ｂ２）へ向かう管路（１０１ｂ）とを分岐させる第１分岐点（Ｂ１）と、
前記前席用機械式膨張装置（２２）を介して前記前席用蒸発器（２１）へ向かう管路（１０１ｃ）と前記後席用機械式膨張装置（３２）を介して前記後席用蒸発器（３１）へ向かう管路（１０１ｄ）とを分岐させる第２分岐点（Ｂ２）と、
前記圧縮機（２）より上流側の冷媒管路（１０２）に設けられ、前記バッテリ用蒸発器（１１）から流出した冷媒の管路（１０２ａ）と後述する第２合流点（Ｊ２）を通過した冷媒の管路（１０２ｂ）とを合流させる第１合流点（Ｊ１）と、
前記前席用蒸発器（２１）から流出した冷媒の管路（１０２ｃ）と前記後席用蒸発器（３１）から流出した冷媒の管路（１０２ｄ）とを合流させる第２合流点（Ｊ２）と、
前記第１分岐点（Ｂ１）と前記第２分岐点（Ｂ２）との間の冷媒管路（１０１ｂ）、及び、前記第１合流点（Ｊ１）と前記第２合流点（Ｊ２）との間の冷媒管路（１０２ｂ）の少なくとも一方に配置された開閉弁（５，６）と、
を有することを特徴とする車両用冷却装置。 A vehicle cooling device (1) having a function of cooling a battery (13) mounted on a vehicle and capable of storing electric power for running the vehicle,
a compressor (2) for compressing a refrigerant;
a radiator (3) for dissipating heat from the refrigerant compressed by the compressor (2);
a front seat evaporator (21) for cooling the air blown into the front seat space of the vehicle;
The front seat evaporator of the refrigerant radiated by the radiator (3) by sensing the temperature of the refrigerant heading from the front seat evaporator (21) to the compressor (2) or the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant. a front seat mechanical expansion device (22) that autonomously adjusts the supply flow rate to (21);
a rear seat evaporator (31) for cooling the air blown into the rear seat space of the vehicle;
The rear seat evaporator of the refrigerant radiated by the radiator (3) by sensing the temperature of the refrigerant heading from the rear seat evaporator (31) to the compressor (2) or the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant. a rear seat mechanical expansion device (32) that autonomously adjusts the supply flow rate to (31);
a battery evaporator (11) capable of cooling the battery (13);
a refrigeration cycle (100) having an electronic expansion device (12) that adjusts the supply flow rate of the refrigerant radiated by the radiator (3) to the battery evaporator (11),
The refrigeration cycle (100) is
A pipe (101a) provided in a refrigerant pipe (101) downstream of the radiator (3) and directed to the battery evaporator (11) via the electronic expansion device (12) and a pipe (101a) to be described later. A first branch point (B1) that branches off the pipeline (101b) heading to the second branch point (B2);
A pipeline (101c) leading to the front seat evaporator (21) through the front seat mechanical expansion device (22) and the rear seat evaporator through the rear seat mechanical expansion device (32). a second branching point (B2) for branching the pipeline (101d) toward the vessel (31);
Refrigerant pipe (102) provided upstream of the compressor (2) and flowing out of the battery evaporator (11) passes through a pipe (102a) and a second junction (J2), which will be described later. a first confluence point (J1) at which the refrigerant pipe (102b) joins;
A second confluence point (J2) for joining the refrigerant pipe (102c) flowing out of the front seat evaporator (21) and the refrigerant pipe (102d) flowing out of the rear seat evaporator (31). and,
A refrigerant line (101b) between the first branch point (B1) and the second branch point (B2), and between the first junction (J1) and the second junction (J2) On-off valves (5, 6) arranged in at least one of the refrigerant pipes (102b) of
A cooling device for a vehicle, characterized by comprising: 前記バッテリ用蒸発器（１１）は、前記バッテリ（１３）と熱的に結合されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の車両用冷却装置。 2. The vehicle cooling system of claim 1, wherein the battery evaporator (11) is thermally coupled to the battery (13). 請求項１又は２に記載の車両用冷却装置を用いた冷却方法であって、
前記前席空間および前記後席空間の冷却が不要であり、且つ、前記バッテリ（１３）の冷却要請がある場合には、前記開閉弁（５，６）を閉とし、
前記前席空間および前記後席空間の冷却要請がある場合には、前記開閉弁（５，６）を開とすることを特徴とする車両用冷却装置を用いた冷却方法。 A cooling method using the vehicle cooling device according to claim 1 or 2,
When cooling of the front seat space and the rear seat space is not required and there is a request to cool the battery (13), the on-off valves (5, 6) are closed;
A cooling method using a cooling device for a vehicle, characterized in that when there is a request to cool the front seat space and the rear seat space, the on-off valves (5, 6) are opened. 前記バッテリ（１３）の冷却要請が無い場合には、前記電子式膨張装置（１２）を閉とすることを特徴とする請求項３記載の車両用冷却装置を用いた冷却方法。 4. A cooling method using a vehicle cooling system according to claim 3, wherein said electronic expansion device (12) is closed when there is no request for cooling said battery (13).
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