JP6988712B2 - Sintered ore manufacturing method - Google Patents

Sintered ore manufacturing method Download PDF

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JP6988712B2
JP6988712B2 JP2018117604A JP2018117604A JP6988712B2 JP 6988712 B2 JP6988712 B2 JP 6988712B2 JP 2018117604 A JP2018117604 A JP 2018117604A JP 2018117604 A JP2018117604 A JP 2018117604A JP 6988712 B2 JP6988712 B2 JP 6988712B2
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裕起 永山
侯寿 森
友司 岩見
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JFE Steel Corp
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本発明は、効率よく焼結原料を造粒し、造粒された焼結原料を焼結機で焼結して焼結鉱を製造する焼結鉱の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing sinter, which efficiently granulates a sinter raw material and sinters the granulated sinter raw material with a sinter to produce sinter.

高炉製鉄法では、現在、鉄源として、焼結鉱や塊鉄鉱石、ペレットなどを高炉原料として用いている。ここで、焼結鉱は、粒径が10mm以下の鉄鉱石の他に、製鉄所内で発生する各種ダストなどの雑鉄源と、石灰石、生石灰、スラグなどのCaO含有原料と、珪石や蛇紋岩、ドロマイトや精錬ニッケルスラグなどからなるSiO源やMgO源としての副原料と、粉コークスや無煙炭などからなる凝結材である固体燃料(炭材)とを、ドラムミキサーで水を添加しながら混合・造粒し、焼成した塊成鉱の一種である。 In the blast furnace ironmaking method, sintered ore, lump iron ore, pellets, etc. are currently used as blast furnace raw materials as iron sources. Here, the sintered ore includes iron ore having a particle size of 10 mm or less, miscellaneous iron sources such as various dusts generated in the steel mill, CaO-containing raw materials such as limestone, quicklime, and slag, and silica stone and serpentine. , Auxiliary raw material as a SiO 2 source or MgO source made of dolomite or refined nickel slag, and solid fuel (charcoal material) which is a coagulant made of powdered coke or smokeless charcoal are mixed while adding water with a drum mixer.・ It is a kind of agglomerate ore that has been granulated and fired.

焼結鉱の製造では焼結原料を造粒し、擬似粒子とした焼結原料を焼結機のパレットに装入して装入層を形成し、当該装入層を焼成することで焼結鉱が製造される。下方吸引式の焼結機を用いて装入層を焼成する場合、焼結原料を造粒して擬似粒子とすることで、装入層の通気性が向上し、これにより製造される焼結鉱の歩留や品質が向上する。このため、焼結原料の成分濃度に対応させて造粒機の運転条件を最適化し、効率よく焼結原料を擬似粒子に造粒することが好ましい。 In the production of sinter, the sinter raw material is granulated, the sinter raw material made into pseudo particles is charged into the pallet of the sinter machine to form the charging layer, and the charged layer is fired to sinter. The ore is produced. When the charging layer is fired using a downward suction type sintering machine, the air permeability of the charging layer is improved by granulating the sintering raw material into pseudo-particles, and the sintering produced by this. Improves sinter yield and quality. Therefore, it is preferable to optimize the operating conditions of the granulator according to the component concentration of the sintered raw material and efficiently granulate the sintered raw material into pseudo particles.

造粒機の運転条件最適化技術として、特許文献1には、核磁気共鳴スペクトル測定によってカオリン(Al、SiO主体の鉱物組織)の含有割合が一定となるように粉コークスや石灰石の配合量もしくは水添加量を調整する技術が開示されている。この文献には、焼結原料におけるカオリンの含有割合を一定にすることで、微粉発生率が低く製品歩留りに優れた焼結鉱が製造できることが開示されている。 As a technique for optimizing the operating conditions of a granulator, Patent Document 1 describes powdered coke and limestone so that the content ratio of kaolin (mineral structure mainly composed of Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2) is constant by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum measurement. Disclosed is a technique for adjusting the blending amount or the amount of water added. This document discloses that by keeping the content ratio of kaolin in the sinter raw material constant, it is possible to produce a sinter having a low fine powder generation rate and an excellent product yield.

特許文献2には、造粒物のpHを測定し、造粒物のpHが予め設定されたpHになるように生石灰や消石灰などのバインダー添加量を調整する技術が開示されている。この文献には、造粒物のpHが設定値になるように制御することで、作製される造粒物の強度を安定化できることが開示されている。 Patent Document 2 discloses a technique of measuring the pH of a granulated product and adjusting the amount of a binder added such as quicklime or slaked lime so that the pH of the granulated product becomes a preset pH. This document discloses that the strength of the produced granulated product can be stabilized by controlling the pH of the granulated product to be a set value.

特許文献3には、原料配合槽においてそれぞれの原料の水分濃度を測定し、これら原料が混合された混合原料の水分量が目標水分値になるようにミキサー散水量を制御する技術が開示されている。 Patent Document 3 discloses a technique of measuring the water concentration of each raw material in a raw material compounding tank and controlling the amount of water sprinkled by a mixer so that the water content of the mixed raw material mixed with these raw materials becomes a target water content. There is.

特開2011−252219号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-252219 特開2013−241660号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-241660 特開平10−17946号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-17946

特許文献1に開示された技術では、各銘柄の鉱石に含まれるカオリンを核磁気共鳴スペクトル測定によって定量する。近年、鉱石の成分濃度の変動は大きくなっており、同種の鉱石内においても輸入の船ごとに成分濃度が異なる場合もあるほど、産出される鉱石の成分濃度が不安定になっている。このため、特許文献1に開示された技術では、銘柄内における成分濃度の変動を把握することができない。 In the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, kaolin contained in each brand of ore is quantified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum measurement. In recent years, the fluctuation of the component concentration of the ore has become large, and the component concentration of the ore produced has become unstable so that the component concentration of the same type of ore may differ depending on the imported ship. Therefore, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 cannot grasp the fluctuation of the component concentration in the brand.

特許文献2に開示された技術では、土壌用pH測定センサーを造粒物に挿入して造粒物のpHを測定する。このため、特許文献2の技術では、造粒物のpHを製造ライン上で測定することは困難であり、焼結原料の成分濃度の変動を把握することができない。 In the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2, a pH measuring sensor for soil is inserted into the granulated product to measure the pH of the granulated product. Therefore, with the technique of Patent Document 2, it is difficult to measure the pH of the granulated product on the production line, and it is not possible to grasp the fluctuation of the component concentration of the sintered raw material.

特許文献3に開示された技術では、配合槽の各原料の水分濃度を絶乾式水分計と赤外水分計とを併用することで連続的に測定する。しかしながら、焼結原料の造粒性は、水分濃度だけなく他の成分の成分濃度にも影響される。特許文献3の技術では、造粒性に影響を及ぼす他の成分濃度を把握できないのであるから、造粒後の焼結原料の構造および性状が目標とする範囲内になるように造粒機の運転条件を適正化できない。 In the technique disclosed in Patent Document 3, the water concentration of each raw material in the compounding tank is continuously measured by using an absolute dry moisture meter and an infrared moisture meter in combination. However, the granulation property of the sintered raw material is affected not only by the water concentration but also by the component concentration of other components. Since the concentration of other components affecting the granulation property cannot be grasped by the technique of Patent Document 3, the granulator is used so that the structure and properties of the sintered raw material after granulation are within the target range. The operating conditions cannot be optimized.

本発明は、このような従来技術の問題点を鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、焼結鉱製造中における焼結原料の造粒性に影響する成分濃度の変動を把握し、当該成分濃度の変動に応じて造粒機の運転条件を適正化することで効率よく焼結原料を造粒し、造粒した焼結原料を焼結して焼結鉱を製造する焼結鉱の製造方法を提供することである。 The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to grasp the fluctuation of the component concentration which affects the granulation property of the sinter raw material during the production of the sinter. Sintered ore that efficiently granulates sintered raw materials by optimizing the operating conditions of the granulator according to fluctuations in component concentration, and sinters the granulated sintered raw materials to produce sinter. It is to provide a manufacturing method.

このような課題を解決する本発明の特徴は、以下の通りである。
[1]少なくとも鉄含有原料、CaO含有原料および凝結材が配合された焼結原料を造粒機で造粒し、造粒された焼結原料を焼結機で焼結して焼結鉱を製造する焼結鉱の製造方法であって、前記鉄含有原料、前記焼結原料のうち少なくとも1つの成分濃度を連続測定する測定工程と、前記測定工程で測定された成分濃度を用いて、前記焼結原料が前記造粒機で転動するように前記造粒機で添加される水量、前記造粒機の回転数および前記造粒機の傾斜角度のうち少なくとも1つを調整する調整工程と、を有する、焼結鉱の製造方法。
[2]前記造粒機は、前記焼結原料を転動させるパンを有するペレタイザーであり、前記調整工程では、前記造粒機で添加される水量、前記造粒機の回転数および前記造粒機の傾斜角度のうち少なくとも1つを調整し、下記(1)式で定められるフルード数と、下記(2)式で定められる占積率と、を予め定められた範囲内とする、[1]に記載の焼結鉱の製造方法。
Fr=[D×(N/60)]/(g×sinα)・・・(1)
但し、上記(1)式において、Frは前記フルード数(−)であり、Dは前記パンの直径(m)であり、Nは前記パンの回転数(rpm)であり、gは重力加速度(m/s)であり、αは前記ペレタイザーの水平面との傾斜角度(°)である。
φ=(Q×K)/Fr1/2・・・(2)
但し、上記(2)式において、φは占積率(−)であり、Qは処理量(g)であり、Kは定数であり、Frはフルード数(−)である。
[3]前記フルード数の予め定められた範囲は1以上16以下の範囲内であり、前記占積率の予め定められた範囲は0.05以上0.18以下の範囲内である、[2]に記載の焼結鉱の製造方法。
[4]前記測定工程では、水分の成分濃度を測定する、[1]から[3]の何れか1つに記載の焼結鉱の製造方法。
[5]前記測定工程では、SiOおよびA1の少なくとも1つの成分濃度をさらに測定する、[4]に記載の焼結鉱の製造方法。
[6]前記造粒された焼結原料の平均粒子径は、0.5mm以上8.0mm以下の範囲内である、[1]から[5]の何れか1つに記載の焼結鉱の製造方法。
The features of the present invention that solve such a problem are as follows.
[1] A sintered raw material containing at least an iron-containing raw material, a CaO-containing raw material, and a coagulant is granulated by a granulator, and the granulated sintered raw material is sintered by a sintering machine to form a sinter. A method for producing a sinter to be produced, wherein the measurement step of continuously measuring the concentration of at least one of the iron-containing raw material and the sinter raw material and the component concentration measured in the measurement step are used. An adjustment step of adjusting at least one of the amount of water added by the granulator, the rotation speed of the granulator, and the tilt angle of the granulator so that the sintering raw material rolls in the granulator. , A method for producing a sinter.
[2] The granulator is a pelletizer having a pan for rolling the sintering raw material, and in the adjustment step, the amount of water added by the granulator, the number of revolutions of the granulator, and the granulation. Adjust at least one of the tilt angles of the machine so that the fluid number specified by the following formula (1) and the space factor specified by the following formula (2) are within the predetermined range [1]. ]. The method for producing a sinter according to.
Fr = [D × (N / 60) 2 ] / (g × sinα) ・ ・ ・ (1)
However, in the above equation (1), F is the Froude number (-), D is the diameter (m) of the pan, N is the rotation speed (rpm) of the pan, and g is the gravitational acceleration (-). It is m / s 2 ), and α is the inclination angle (°) of the pelletizer with respect to the horizontal plane.
φ = (Q × K) / Fr 1/2 ... (2)
However, in the above equation (2), φ is the space factor (−), Q is the processing amount (g), K is a constant, and Fr is the Froude number (−).
[3] The predetermined range of the Froude number is in the range of 1 or more and 16 or less, and the predetermined range of the space factor is in the range of 0.05 or more and 0.18 or less. [2] ]. The method for producing a sinter according to.
[4] The method for producing a sinter according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein in the measurement step, the concentration of water components is measured.
[5] The method for producing a sinter according to [4], wherein in the measurement step, the concentration of at least one component of SiO 2 and A1 2 O 3 is further measured.
[6] The sinter according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the average particle size of the granulated sinter raw material is in the range of 0.5 mm or more and 8.0 mm or less. Production method.

本発明に係る焼結鉱の製造方法を実施することで、焼結鉱製造中に焼結原料の成分濃度が変動したとしても、焼結原料の造粒性に影響する水分の成分濃度を測定し、当該成分濃度を用いて、前記焼結原料が前記焼結機内を転動するように造粒機で添加される水量、造粒機の回転数および造粒機の傾斜角度のうち少なくとも1つを調整する。これにより、焼結原料は造粒機内で転動され、効率よく焼結原料を造粒できる。 By implementing the method for producing sinter according to the present invention, even if the concentration of the component of the sinter raw material fluctuates during the production of the sinter, the concentration of the component of water that affects the granulation property of the sinter raw material is measured. Then, using the component concentration, at least one of the amount of water added by the granulator so that the sintering raw material rolls in the sintering machine, the rotation speed of the granulator, and the tilt angle of the granulator Adjust one. As a result, the sintered raw material is rolled in the granulator, and the sintered raw material can be efficiently granulated.

本実施形態に係る焼結鉱の製造方法が実施できる焼結鉱製造装置10の一例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the sinter production apparatus 10 which can carry out the sinter production method which concerns on this embodiment. ペレタイザー90の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the pelletizer 90. ペレタイザー90のフルード数と占積率とで定まる造粒状況を示すグラフであるIt is a graph showing the granulation situation determined by the Froude number and the space factor of the pelletizer 90. 図3における各領域の造粒状況を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the granulation state of each region in FIG. 発明例1における成分濃度と添加水量の変動を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the fluctuation of the component concentration and the addition water amount in the invention example 1. 発明例1におけるペレタイザー90の運転条件、通気性指数および成品焼結鉱の生産量の変動を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the operation condition of the pelletizer 90 in the invention example 1, the air permeability index, and the fluctuation of the production amount of a product sinter. 比較例1における焼結原料の成分濃度と添加水量の変動を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the fluctuation of the component concentration of the sintered raw material and the amount of added water in Comparative Example 1. 比較例1におけるペレタイザー90の運転条件、通気性指数および成品焼結鉱の生産量の変動を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the operation condition of the pelletizer 90 in the comparative example 1, the air permeability index, and the fluctuation of the production amount of a product sinter.

以下、発明の実施形態を通じて本発明を説明する。図1は、本実施形態に係る焼結鉱の製造方法が実施できる焼結鉱製造装置10の一例を示す模式図である。ヤード11に原料パイルとして保管された鉄含有原料12は、搬送コンベア14によって配合槽22に搬送される。鉄含有原料12は、種々の銘柄の鉄鉱石および製鉄所内発生ダストを含む。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described through embodiments of the invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a sinter ore manufacturing apparatus 10 capable of carrying out the sinter ore manufacturing method according to the present embodiment. The iron-containing raw material 12 stored as a raw material pile in the yard 11 is conveyed to the compounding tank 22 by the transfer conveyor 14. The iron-containing raw material 12 contains various brands of iron ore and dust generated in a steel mill.

原料供給部20は、複数の配合槽22、24、25、26、28を備える。配合槽22には、鉄含有原料12が貯留される。配合槽24には、石灰石や生石灰等を含むCaO含有原料16、配合槽25にはドロマイトや精錬ニッケルスラグ等を含むMgO含有原料17がそれぞれ貯留される。配合槽26には、ロッドミルを用いて粒径1mm以下に破砕された粉コークスや無煙炭を含む凝結材18が貯留される。配合槽28には、焼結鉱の篩下となった粒径5mm以下の返鉱(焼結鉱篩下粉)が貯留される。原料供給部20の配合槽22〜28から、各原料が所定量切り出され、これらが配合されて焼結原料となる。焼結原料は、搬送コンベア30によってペレタイザー90に搬送される。なお、MgO含有原料17は、任意配合原料であって、焼結原料に配合されてもよく、配合されなくてもよい。 The raw material supply unit 20 includes a plurality of compounding tanks 22, 24, 25, 26, 28. The iron-containing raw material 12 is stored in the compounding tank 22. The compounding tank 24 stores the CaO-containing raw material 16 containing limestone, quicklime, and the like, and the compounding tank 25 stores the MgO-containing raw material 17 containing dolomite, refined nickel slag, and the like. In the compounding tank 26, a coagulant 18 containing coke breeze and anthracite crushed to a particle size of 1 mm or less using a rod mill is stored. In the compounding tank 28, the return ore (sintered ore sieving powder) having a particle size of 5 mm or less, which is under the sieve of the sinter, is stored. A predetermined amount of each raw material is cut out from the blending tanks 22 to 28 of the raw material supply unit 20, and these are blended to form a sintered raw material. The sintered raw material is conveyed to the pelletizer 90 by the conveyor 30. The MgO-containing raw material 17 is an optional blended raw material and may or may not be blended with the sintered raw material.

配合槽28とペレタイザー90の間の搬送コンベア30には、赤外線分析計32が設けられている。赤外線分析計32を用いて、測定工程が実施される。測定工程では、焼結原料に含まれる水分の成分濃度を測定する。ここで、水分とは、焼結原料に付着した付着水分と恒温状態では原料中に包蔵されており加熱によって追い出される固有水分を合わせたものである。 An infrared analyzer 32 is provided on the conveyor 30 between the compounding tank 28 and the pelletizer 90. The measurement step is carried out using the infrared analyzer 32. In the measuring step, the concentration of the water component contained in the sintered raw material is measured. Here, the moisture is a combination of the adhered moisture adhering to the sintered raw material and the intrinsic moisture contained in the raw material in a constant temperature state and expelled by heating.

赤外線分析計32は、0.5〜50.0μmの範囲内の波長の赤外線を焼結原料に照射して、焼結原料からの反射光を受光する。焼結原料に含まれる水の分子振動は、照射された赤外線の固有の波長成分を吸収するので、これらの成分は反射赤外線に固有の波長成分を付与する。このため、照射赤外線と反射赤外線とを分析することで焼結原料の水分濃度を測定できる。 The infrared analyzer 32 irradiates the sintered raw material with infrared rays having a wavelength in the range of 0.5 to 50.0 μm, and receives the reflected light from the sintered raw material. Since the molecular vibration of water contained in the sintered raw material absorbs the wavelength component peculiar to the irradiated infrared rays, these components impart the wavelength component peculiar to the reflected infrared rays. Therefore, the water concentration of the sintered raw material can be measured by analyzing the irradiated infrared rays and the reflected infrared rays.

赤外線分析計32は、例えば、1分間に128回の頻度で20以上の波長の赤外線を照射でき、焼結原料に反射された反射光を受光できる。このように短時間に赤外線を照射できるので、赤外線分析計32は、搬送コンベア30上を搬送される焼結原料の成分濃度をオンラインで連続測定できる。なお、赤外線分析計32は、焼結原料の成分濃度を測定する分析装置の一例であり、反射光を分光する方式の装置に限らず、透過光を分光する方式の装置を用いてもよい。さらに、赤外線分析計32に代えて、レーザーを測定対象に照射するレーザー分析計、中性子を測定対象に照射する中性子分析計、または、マイクロ波を測定対象に照射するマイクロ波分析計を用いてもよい。本実施形態において、測定工程の測定頻度は、例えば1分間に128回であり、当該128回の成分濃度の平均値を1分間に1回算出した。 The infrared analyzer 32 can irradiate infrared rays having a wavelength of 20 or more at a frequency of 128 times per minute, and can receive the reflected light reflected by the sintered raw material. Since the infrared rays can be irradiated in such a short time, the infrared analyzer 32 can continuously measure the component concentration of the sintered raw material conveyed on the conveyor 30 online. The infrared analyzer 32 is an example of an analyzer that measures the component concentration of the sintered raw material, and is not limited to the apparatus that disperses the reflected light, and the apparatus that disperses the transmitted light may be used. Further, instead of the infrared analyzer 32, a laser analyzer that irradiates the measurement target with a laser, a neutron analyzer that irradiates the measurement target with neutrons, or a microwave analyzer that irradiates the measurement target with microwaves may be used. good. In the present embodiment, the measurement frequency of the measurement step is, for example, 128 times per minute, and the average value of the component concentrations of the 128 times is calculated once per minute.

図2は、ペレタイザー90の斜視図である。ペレタイザー90は、パン92と、散水機94と、排出スロープ96とを有する。ペレタイザー90は、水平面に対して所定の傾斜角度で設置され、パン92を所定の回転数で回転させつつ散水機94から適量の水34を添加することでパン92内の焼結原料を造粒して擬似粒子98にする。 FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the pelletizer 90. The pelletizer 90 has a pan 92, a sprinkler 94, and a discharge slope 96. The pelletizer 90 is installed at a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane, and the sintered raw material in the pan 92 is granulated by adding an appropriate amount of water 34 from the sprinkler 94 while rotating the pan 92 at a predetermined rotation speed. To make pseudo particles 98.

搬送コンベア30で搬送された焼結原料は、ペレタイザー90のパン92内に投入される。パン92内に投入された焼結原料は、パン92の回転と散水機94からの水34の添加により平均粒子径が0.5mm以上8.0mm以下の擬似粒子98に造粒される。擬似粒子98は、排出スロープ96から排出され、搬送コンベア38によって焼結機40の焼結原料供給装置42に搬送される。なお、本実施形態において、平均粒子径は算術平均粒子径であって、Σ(Vi×di)(但し、Viはi番目の粒度範囲の中にある粒子の存在比率であり、diはi番目の粒度範囲の代表粒径である。)で定義される粒径である。 The sintered raw material conveyed by the conveyor 30 is charged into the pan 92 of the pelletizer 90. The sintered raw material put into the pan 92 is granulated into pseudo particles 98 having an average particle diameter of 0.5 mm or more and 8.0 mm or less by the rotation of the pan 92 and the addition of water 34 from the sprinkler 94. The pseudo particles 98 are discharged from the discharge slope 96 and are transported to the sintering raw material supply device 42 of the sintering machine 40 by the transport conveyor 38. In the present embodiment, the average particle size is the arithmetic mean particle size, and Σ (Vi × di) (where Vi is the abundance ratio of particles in the i-th particle size range, and di is the i-th. It is a particle size defined by).

焼結機40は、例えば、下方吸引式のドワイトロイド焼結機である。焼結機40は、焼結原料供給装置42と、無端移動式のパレット台車44と、点火炉46と、気体燃料供給装置47と、ウインドボックス48とを有する。焼結原料供給装置42から造粒された焼結原料がパレット台車44に装入され、焼結原料の装入層が形成される。装入層は点火炉46で点火される。ウインドボックス48を通じて空気を吸引することで、装入層は、上方に設けられた気体燃料供給装置47から供給される気体燃料および酸素を装入層に取り込み、装入層内で気体燃料と凝結材18とを燃焼させつつ装入層内の燃焼・溶融帯を装入層の下方へ移動させる。これにより、装入層は焼結されて焼結ケーキが形成される。本実施形態において気体燃料は、高炉ガス、コークス炉ガス、高炉・コークス炉混合ガス、転炉ガス、都市ガス、天然ガス、メタンガス、エタンガス、プロパンガス、シェールガスおよびそれらの混合ガスのうちから選ばれるいずれかの可燃性ガスである。なお、図1に示した例では、気体燃料供給装置47を有する焼結機40の例を示したが、焼結機40は気体燃料供給装置47を有していなくてもよい。 The sintering machine 40 is, for example, a downward suction type dwightroid sintering machine. The sintering machine 40 includes a sintering raw material supply device 42, an endlessly movable pallet carriage 44, an ignition furnace 46, a gas fuel supply device 47, and a windbox 48. The sintered raw material granulated from the sintered raw material supply device 42 is charged into the pallet carriage 44, and the charged layer of the sintered raw material is formed. The charging layer is ignited in the ignition furnace 46. By sucking air through the window box 48, the charging layer takes in the gaseous fuel and oxygen supplied from the gaseous fuel supply device 47 provided above into the charging layer and condenses with the gaseous fuel in the charging layer. While burning the material 18, the combustion / melting zone in the charging layer is moved below the charging layer. As a result, the charging layer is sintered to form a sintered cake. In the present embodiment, the gaseous fuel is selected from blast furnace gas, coke oven gas, blast furnace / coke oven mixed gas, converter gas, city gas, natural gas, methane gas, ethane gas, propane gas, shale gas and their mixed gas. Is one of the flammable gases. In the example shown in FIG. 1, an example of the sintering machine 40 having the gas fuel supply device 47 is shown, but the sintering machine 40 does not have to have the gas fuel supply device 47.

焼結ケーキは、破砕機50によって破砕され焼結鉱にされる。破砕機50で破砕された焼結鉱は、冷却機60によって冷却される。冷却機60によって冷却された焼結鉱は、複数の篩を有する篩分け装置70によって篩分けされ、粒径5mm超の成品焼結鉱72と、粒径5mm以下の返鉱74とに篩分けされる。返鉱74は、搬送コンベア78によって原料供給部20の配合槽28に搬送される。成品焼結鉱72は、搬送コンベア76によって高炉80に搬送され、高炉原料として高炉に装入される。このようにして、本実施形態に係る焼結鉱の製造方法では焼結原料から成品焼結鉱72が製造される。 The sintered cake is crushed by a crusher 50 into a sintered ore. The sinter crushed by the crusher 50 is cooled by the cooler 60. The sinter cooled by the cooler 60 is sieved by a sieving device 70 having a plurality of sieves, and sieved into a product sinter 72 having a particle size of more than 5 mm and a return ore 74 having a particle size of 5 mm or less. Will be done. The return ore 74 is transferred to the compounding tank 28 of the raw material supply unit 20 by the transfer conveyor 78. The product sinter 72 is transported to the blast furnace 80 by a conveyor 76 and charged into the blast furnace as a raw material for the blast furnace. In this way, in the method for producing sinter according to the present embodiment, the product sinter 72 is produced from the sinter raw material.

本実施形態において、成品焼結鉱72の粒径および返鉱74の粒径は、篩によって篩分けられる粒径を意味し、例えば、粒径5mm超とは、目開き5mmの篩を用いて篩上に篩分けされる粒径であり、粒径5mm以下とは、目開き5mmの篩を用いて篩下に篩分けされる粒径である。成品焼結鉱72および返鉱74の粒径の各値は、あくまで一例であり、この値に限定するものではない。 In the present embodiment, the particle size of the product sintered ore 72 and the particle size of the returned ore 74 mean the particle size that can be sieved by a sieve. For example, if the particle size exceeds 5 mm, a sieve having an opening of 5 mm is used. The particle size to be sieved on the sieve, and the particle size of 5 mm or less is the particle size to be sieved under the sieve using a sieve having an opening of 5 mm. The particle size values of the sinter 72 and the return ore 74 are merely examples and are not limited to these values.

図3は、ペレタイザー90のフルード数と占積率とで定まる造粒状況を示すグラフである。図3において、横軸はフルード数(−)であり、縦軸は占積率(−)である。フルード数は、下記(1)式で算出される値である。 FIG. 3 is a graph showing a granulation state determined by the Froude number and the space factor of the pelletizer 90. In FIG. 3, the horizontal axis is the Froude number (−) and the vertical axis is the space factor (−). The Froude number is a value calculated by the following equation (1).

Fr=[D×(N/60)]/(g×sinα)・・・(1)
上記(1)式において、Frはフルード数(−)であり、Dはパン92の直径(m)であり、Nはパン92の回転数(rpm)であり、gは重力加速度(m/s)であり、αはペレタイザー90の水平面との傾斜角度(°)である。また、占積率φは、下記(2)式で算出される値である。
Fr = [D × (N / 60) 2 ] / (g × sinα) ・ ・ ・ (1)
In the above equation (1), F is the Froude number (-), D is the diameter (m) of the pan 92, N is the rotation speed (rpm) of the pan 92, and g is the gravitational acceleration (m / s). 2 ), where α is the tilt angle (°) of the pelletizer 90 with respect to the horizontal plane. Further, the space factor φ is a value calculated by the following equation (2).

φ=(Q×K)/Fr1/2・・・(2)
上記(2)式において、φは占積率(−)であり、Qは処理量(g)であり、Kは定数であり、Frはフルード数(−)である。
φ = (Q × K) / Fr 1/2 ... (2)
In the above equation (2), φ is the space factor (−), Q is the processing amount (g), K is a constant, and Fr is the Froude number (−).

図4は、図3における各領域の造粒状況を示す模式図である。図4(a)は、正常造粒領域の造粒状況を示し、図4(b)は、雪崩領域の造粒状況を示し、図4(c)は、すべり領域の造粒状況を示す。 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a granulation state of each region in FIG. FIG. 4A shows the granulation status of the normal granulation region, FIG. 4B shows the granulation status of the avalanche region, and FIG. 4C shows the granulation status of the slip region.

図4(a)に示すように、図3においてフルード数と占積率で定まる位置が正常造粒領域の範囲内となる場合、焼結原料は、パン92内で転動し、所定の粒径の擬似粒子98に造粒される。一方、図4(b)に示すように、フルード数と占積率で定まる位置が雪崩領域の範囲内となる場合、焼結原料は、パン92の壁面に付着し、上方に移動した一部の焼結原料が下方に落下しパン92内で転動しない。このように、フルード数と占積率で定まる位置が雪崩領域の範囲内となると焼結原料は転動しないので効率よく擬似粒子98に造粒されない。また、図4(c)に示すように、フルード数と占積率で定まる位置がすべり領域の範囲内となる場合、焼結原料は、1つの塊となってパン内をすべり落ちパン92内で転動しない。このように、フルード数と占積率で定まる位置が雪崩領域の範囲内となると、焼結原料は転動しないので効率よく擬似粒子98に造粒されない。 As shown in FIG. 4A, when the position determined by the Froude number and the space factor in FIG. 3 is within the range of the normal granulation region, the sintering raw material rolls in the pan 92 and the predetermined grains are formed. It is granulated into pseudo-particles 98 of diameter. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4B, when the position determined by the Froude number and the space factor is within the range of the avalanche region, the sintering raw material adheres to the wall surface of the pan 92 and partially moves upward. Sintered raw material falls downward and does not roll in the pan 92. As described above, when the position determined by the Froude number and the space factor is within the range of the avalanche region, the sintered raw material does not roll and is not efficiently granulated into the pseudo particles 98. Further, as shown in FIG. 4C, when the position determined by the Froude number and the space factor is within the range of the slip region, the sintered raw material slides down in the pan as one lump and is in the pan 92. Does not roll. As described above, when the position determined by the Froude number and the space factor is within the range of the avalanche region, the sintered raw material does not roll and is not efficiently granulated into the pseudo particles 98.

上記(1)式および(2)式に示すように、フルード数は、パン92の回転数とペレタイザー90の傾斜角度(°)によって定まり、占積率は、処理量とフルード数によって定まる。また、処理量は、散水機94から添加される水量に依存し、散水機94から添加される水量が多くなると処理量が多くなり、水量が少なくなると処理量は少なくなる。このように、処理量は、散水機94から添加される水量によって定まる。 As shown in the above equations (1) and (2), the Froude number is determined by the rotation speed of the pan 92 and the inclination angle (°) of the pelletizer 90, and the space factor is determined by the processing amount and the Froude number. Further, the treatment amount depends on the amount of water added from the sprinkler 94, and the treatment amount increases as the amount of water added from the sprinkler 94 increases, and the treatment amount decreases as the amount of water decreases. As described above, the treatment amount is determined by the amount of water added from the sprinkler 94.

造粒時における焼結原料の水分量には上下限値があるので、散水機94から添加される水量は、造粒前の焼結原料に含まれる水分量と、造粒時における水分量の上下限値との差で定まる。このため、測定工程で焼結原料の水分濃度を測定し、測定された水分濃度と水分量の上下限値との差分によって定まる散水機94から添加される水量の範囲を求め、当該範囲内において占積率が予め定められた範囲内となる処理量に対応した水量の水を散水機94から添加する。 Since there are upper and lower limits for the water content of the sintered raw material during granulation, the water content added from the sprinkler 94 is the water content contained in the sintered raw material before granulation and the water content during granulation. It is determined by the difference from the upper and lower limits. Therefore, the water concentration of the sintered raw material is measured in the measuring step, and the range of the amount of water added from the sprinkler 94 determined by the difference between the measured water concentration and the upper and lower limits of the water amount is obtained, and within the range. Water with a water amount corresponding to the treatment amount in which the space factor is within a predetermined range is added from the sprinkler 94.

処理量は、散水機94から添加される水量と、下記(3)式を用いて算出できる。
W=Q×(M−M)÷100・・・(3)
上記(3)式において、Wは散水量(g)であり、Qは処理量(g)であり、Mは造粒前の焼結原料の水分量(質量%)であり、Mは造粒時における焼結原料の水分量の目標値(質量%)である。Mは、過去の操業実績から定められた造粒時における焼結原料の水分量の上限値および下限値の範囲内に定められる。
The treatment amount can be calculated using the amount of water added from the sprinkler 94 and the following equation (3).
W = Q × (M 0 −M f ) ÷ 100 ... (3)
In the above equation (3), W is the watering amount (g), Q is the processing amount (g), M 0 is the water content (mass%) of the sintered raw material before granulation, and M f is. It is a target value (mass%) of the water content of the sintering raw material at the time of granulation. M f is set within the range of the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the water content of the sintered raw material at the time of granulation determined from the past operation results.

本実施形態に係る焼結鉱の製造方法では、図3におけるフルード数と占積率とから定まる位置が正常造粒領域の範囲内となるように、ペレタイザー90で添加される水量、ペレタイザー90の回転数およびペレタイザー90の水平面との傾斜角度のうち少なくとも1つを調整する調整工程が実施される。具体的には、正常造粒領域の範囲内となるフルード数と占積率の範囲とを予め定めておき、測定工程で測定された焼結原料の水分濃度を用いて、予め定められたフルード数と占積率の範囲内となるように、ペレタイザー90で添加される水量、ペレタイザー90の回転数およびペレタイザー90の水平面との傾斜角度のうち少なくとも1つを調整する。ペレタイザー90において、正常造粒領域の範囲内にできるフルード数の予め定められた範囲は1×10 −3 以上16×10 −3 以下であり、占積率の予め定められた範囲は0.05以上0.18以下であり、より好ましいフルード数の範囲は6×10 −3 以上10×10 −3 以下であり、占積率の範囲は0.06以上0.15以下である。フルード数および占積率を上述した範囲内に調整することで、焼結原料はパン92内で転動し、焼結原料を効率よく擬似粒子98に造粒できる。 In the method for producing a sinter according to the present embodiment, the amount of water added by the pelletizer 90 and the pelletizer 90 so that the position determined by the Froude number and the space factor in FIG. 3 is within the range of the normal granulation region. An adjustment step is performed to adjust at least one of the rotation speed and the tilt angle of the pelletizer 90 with respect to the horizontal plane. Specifically, the Froude number and the range of the space factor within the range of the normal granulation region are predetermined, and the fluid concentration of the sintered raw material measured in the measurement step is used to determine the predetermined Froude number. Adjust at least one of the amount of water added by the pelletizer 90, the rotation speed of the pelletizer 90, and the tilt angle of the pelletizer 90 with respect to the horizontal plane so as to be within the range of the number and the space factor. In the pelletizer 90, the predetermined range of the Froude number that can be formed within the range of the normal granulation region is 1 × 10 -3 or more and 16 × 10 -3 or less, and the predetermined range of the space factor is 0.05. The range of the number of fluids is 6 × 10 -3 or more and 10 × 10 -3 or less, and the range of the space factor is 0.06 or more and 0.15 or less. By adjusting the Froude number and the space factor within the above-mentioned ranges, the sintered raw material is rolled in the pan 92, and the sintered raw material can be efficiently granulated into pseudo particles 98.

ペレタイザー90で添加される水量の調整は、測定工程で測定された焼結原料の水分濃度を用いて実施される。ペレタイザー90で焼結原料を造粒する場合、焼結原料の水分濃度が高くなり過ぎると擬似粒子98は崩壊しやすくなり、擬似粒子98の強度が低下する。一方、焼結原料の水分濃度が低くなると、水分による水架橋力が小さくなって粒子同士の結合が不足する。このため、測定工程で測定された焼結原料の水分濃度を用いて、焼結原料の水分濃度が、造粒時に適正となる水分濃度になるように散水機94から添加される水量が調整される。 The amount of water added by the pelletizer 90 is adjusted by using the water concentration of the sintered raw material measured in the measuring step. When the sintered raw material is granulated by the pelletizer 90, if the water concentration of the sintered raw material becomes too high, the pseudo particles 98 tend to disintegrate, and the strength of the pseudo particles 98 decreases. On the other hand, when the water concentration of the sintered raw material becomes low, the water cross-linking force due to the water becomes small and the bonding between the particles becomes insufficient. Therefore, using the water concentration of the sintered raw material measured in the measuring step, the amount of water added from the sprinkler 94 is adjusted so that the water concentration of the sintered raw material becomes an appropriate water concentration at the time of granulation. To.

また、フルード数と占積率とで定まる位置を正常造粒領域の範囲内とし、且つ、造粒される擬似粒子の平均粒子径が0.5mm以上8.0mm以下の範囲内になるようにペレタイザー90で添加される水量、ペレタイザー90の回転数およびペレタイザー90の傾斜角度のうち少なくとも1つを調整することが好ましい。 In addition, the position determined by the Froude number and the space factor should be within the range of the normal granulation region, and the average particle diameter of the pseudo-particles to be granulated should be within the range of 0.5 mm or more and 8.0 mm or less. It is preferable to adjust at least one of the amount of water added by the pelletizer 90, the rotation speed of the pelletizer 90, and the tilt angle of the pelletizer 90.

例えば、粒径が0.1mm以下の擬似粒子が多くなり、擬似粒子の平均粒子径が小さくなった場合には、正常領域の範囲内を維持した上で、ペレタイザー90で添加される水量を増やす。水量を増やすことで、粒径0.1mm以下の擬似粒子を他の擬似粒子に付着させることができるので、粒径0.1mm以下の擬似粒子の数は少なくなり擬似粒子の平均粒子径は大きくなる。同様に、擬似粒子の平均粒子径が小さくなった場合に、正常領域の範囲内を維持した上で、ペレタイザー90の回転数を高める。回転数を高めることにより、単位時間当たりに粒子同士が接触する回数が増え、擬似粒子の平均粒子径は大きくなる。 For example, when the number of pseudo particles having a particle size of 0.1 mm or less increases and the average particle diameter of the pseudo particles becomes small, the amount of water added by the pelletizer 90 is increased while maintaining the range of the normal region. .. By increasing the amount of water, pseudo-particles having a particle size of 0.1 mm or less can be attached to other pseudo-particles, so that the number of pseudo-particles having a particle size of 0.1 mm or less is reduced and the average particle size of the pseudo-particles is large. Become. Similarly, when the average particle size of the pseudo particles becomes smaller, the rotation speed of the pelletizer 90 is increased while maintaining the range of the normal region. By increasing the rotation speed, the number of times the particles come into contact with each other per unit time increases, and the average particle diameter of the pseudo particles increases.

擬似粒子の平均粒子径を0.5mm以上8.0mm以下の範囲内にすることで、焼結機40のパレット台車44に装入されて形成される装入層の通気性が向上する。この装入層の通気性の向上により、製造される焼結鉱の歩留や品質が向上する。なお、擬似粒子98の平均粒子径は、2.0mm以上5.0mm以下の範囲内とすることがより好ましく、3.0mm以上4.0mm以下の範囲内とすることがさらに好ましい。 By setting the average particle diameter of the pseudo particles in the range of 0.5 mm or more and 8.0 mm or less, the air permeability of the charging layer formed by charging the pallet carriage 44 of the sintering machine 40 is improved. By improving the air permeability of this charging layer, the yield and quality of the produced sinter are improved. The average particle diameter of the pseudo particles 98 is more preferably in the range of 2.0 mm or more and 5.0 mm or less, and further preferably in the range of 3.0 mm or more and 4.0 mm or less.

以上説明したように、本実施形態に係る焼結鉱の製造方法では、測定工程で焼結原料の造粒性に影響する水分の成分濃度を連続測定し、当該成分濃度を用いて、図3におけるフルード数と占積率とで定まる位置が正常造粒領域の範囲内となるように造粒機で添加される水量、造粒機の回転数および造粒機の傾斜角度のうち少なくとも1つを調整する。これにより、焼結鉱製造中に焼結原料の造粒性に影響を及ぼす水分濃度が変動したとしても、水分濃度の変動を迅速に把握し、当該成分濃度の変動に応じて造粒機の運転条件を適正化できるので、造粒機を用いて焼結原料から効率よく擬似粒子を造粒できる。 As described above, in the method for producing a sinter according to the present embodiment, the component concentration of water that affects the granulation property of the sinter raw material is continuously measured in the measurement step, and the component concentration is used in FIG. 3. At least one of the amount of water added by the granulator, the number of revolutions of the granulator, and the tilt angle of the granulator so that the position determined by the number of fluids and the space factor in is within the range of the normal granulation region. To adjust. As a result, even if the water concentration that affects the granulation property of the sintered raw material fluctuates during the production of the sinter, the change in the water concentration can be quickly grasped, and the change in the component concentration can be obtained by the granulator. Since the operating conditions can be optimized, pseudo-particles can be efficiently granulated from the sintered raw material using a granulator.

なお、本実施形態では、測定工程で焼結原料の水分濃度を測定する例を示したが、水分に加えて、SiOおよびA1のうち少なくとも1つの成分濃度を測定してもよい。焼結原料のSiOおよびA1の成分濃度は、焼結原料に吸収される固有水分量と相関がある。すなわち、水分濃度が同じ焼結原料であっても、SiOおよびAlの成分濃度が高いとより多くの水分を吸収するので、造粒時に粒子同士を結合する水架橋力を生じさせる付着水分が少なくなり、焼結鉱原料のSiOおよびAlの成分濃度が高いと、造粒時に適正となる焼結原料の水分濃度が高くなる。このため、水分とともに焼結原料のSiOおよびA1のうち少なくとも1つの成分濃度を測定し、当該成分濃度を用いて、造粒時に適正となる水分濃度を補正することが好ましく、これにより、SiOおよびAlの成分濃度を測定せず、焼結原料の水分量を補正しないで擬似粒子を造粒した場合よりも適正に造粒時の焼結原料の水分量を維持でき、より強度の高い擬似粒子を造粒できる。 In this embodiment, an example of measuring the water concentration of the sintered raw material in the measuring step is shown, but in addition to the water content, the concentration of at least one component of SiO 2 and A1 2 O 3 may be measured. .. The component concentrations of SiO 2 and A1 2 O 3 of the sintered raw material correlate with the amount of intrinsic water absorbed by the sintered raw material. That is, even if the sintered raw materials have the same water concentration, if the component concentrations of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 are high, more water is absorbed, so that a water-crossing force that binds the particles to each other is generated at the time of granulation. When the amount of adhering water is small and the concentration of the components of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 of the sintered ore raw material is high, the water concentration of the sintered raw material which is appropriate at the time of granulation becomes high. Therefore, it is preferable to measure the concentration of at least one of the sintered raw materials SiO 2 and A1 2 O 3 together with the water content, and use the component concentration to correct the water concentration that is appropriate for granulation. As a result, the water content of the sintered raw material at the time of granulation is maintained more appropriately than when the pseudo-particles are granulated without measuring the component concentrations of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 and without correcting the water content of the sintered raw material. It is possible to granulate pseudo-particles with higher strength.

本実施形態では、測定工程で焼結原料の水分濃度を測定する例を示したが、水分に加えて、CaOの成分濃度を測定してもよい。焼結原料に含まれるCaOは、水を吸収して体積が膨張し、造粒時における焼結原料間の空隙を埋める。このため、焼結原料のCaO濃度が高くなると焼結原料の造粒性が向上して擬似粒子の平均粒子径が大きくなる。一方、焼結原料のCaO濃度が低くなると焼結原料の造粒性が低下して擬似粒子の平均粒子径は小さくなる。 In the present embodiment, an example of measuring the water concentration of the sintered raw material in the measuring step is shown, but the component concentration of CaO may be measured in addition to the water content. CaO contained in the sintering raw material absorbs water and expands in volume to fill the voids between the sintering raw materials at the time of granulation. Therefore, when the CaO concentration of the sintered raw material is increased, the granulation property of the sintered raw material is improved and the average particle diameter of the pseudo particles is increased. On the other hand, when the CaO concentration of the sintered raw material is low, the granulation property of the sintered raw material is lowered and the average particle size of the pseudo particles is reduced.

このため、測定工程で焼結原料のCaOの成分濃度を測定し、擬似粒子の平均粒子径が所望の範囲内となるように、CaO含有原料の配合量を調整してもよい。これにより、造粒機の条件を変えることなく、擬似粒子の平均粒子径を調整できる。なお、焼結鉱のCaO濃度は、製造される焼結鉱の塩基度調整が優先されるので、CaOの成分濃度は2.0質量%以上6.0質量%以下の範囲内で調整される。 Therefore, the CaO component concentration of the sintered raw material may be measured in the measuring step, and the blending amount of the CaO-containing raw material may be adjusted so that the average particle size of the pseudo particles is within a desired range. As a result, the average particle size of the pseudo particles can be adjusted without changing the conditions of the granulator. Since the adjustment of the basicity of the produced sinter is prioritized for the CaO concentration of the sinter, the component concentration of CaO is adjusted within the range of 2.0% by mass or more and 6.0% by mass or less. ..

本実施形態において、赤外線分析計32を配合槽28とペレタイザー90の間の搬送コンベア30に設けて、焼結原料の成分濃度を測定する例を示したが、これに限られない。赤外線分析計32を搬送コンベア14に設けて、配合槽22に搬送される鉄含有原料12に含まれる水分の成分濃度の成分濃度を測定してもよく、赤外線分析計32を配合槽22と配合槽24との間の搬送コンベア30に設けて、配合槽22から搬出された鉄含有原料12に含まれるCaOおよび水分の成分濃度を測定してもよい。焼結原料の水分濃度の変動は、ヤード11に保管されている鉄含有原料12や、当該鉄含有原料12に含まれる種々の銘柄の鉄鉱石および製鉄所内発生ダストの成分濃度の変動による影響が大きい。このため、搬送コンベア14または配合槽22と配合槽24との間の搬送コンベア30に赤外線分析計32を設け、鉄含有原料12の成分濃度を測定し、当該測定値を用いて、ペレタイザー90で添加される水量、ペレタイザー90の回転数およびペレタイザー90の傾斜角度のうち少なくとも1つを調整してもよい。 In the present embodiment, an example is shown in which the infrared analyzer 32 is provided on the conveyor 30 between the compounding tank 28 and the pelletizer 90 to measure the component concentration of the sintered raw material, but the present invention is not limited to this. The infrared analyzer 32 may be provided on the conveyor 14 to measure the component concentration of the water component concentration contained in the iron-containing raw material 12 conveyed to the compounding tank 22, and the infrared analyzer 32 may be compounded with the compounding tank 22. It may be provided on the transport conveyor 30 between the tank 24 and the concentration of CaO and water components contained in the iron-containing raw material 12 carried out from the compounding tank 22. The fluctuation of the water concentration of the sintered raw material is affected by the fluctuation of the component concentration of the iron-containing raw material 12 stored in the yard 11, various brands of iron ore contained in the iron-containing raw material 12, and the dust generated in the steelworks. big. Therefore, an infrared analyzer 32 is provided on the conveyor 14 or the conveyor 30 between the compounding tank 22 and the compounding tank 24, the component concentration of the iron-containing raw material 12 is measured, and the measured value is used by the pelletizer 90. At least one of the amount of water added, the number of rotations of the pelletizer 90, and the tilt angle of the pelletizer 90 may be adjusted.

本実施形態では、造粒機としてペレタイザー90を用いた例を示したが、これに限られない。例えば、造粒機として、ドラムミキサーを用いてもよい。ドラムミキサーにおいても、ペレタイザー同様に、焼結原料の造粒状況が正常造粒領域になるように、フルード数と占積率とを調整することで、焼結原料を効率よく擬似粒子に造粒できるようになる。ドラムミキサーにおいても、フルード数および占積率は、上述した(1)式および(2)式で表されるので、測定工程で測定された水分濃度を用いて、添加される水量、ドラムミキサーの傾斜角度およびドラムミキサーの回転数を調整することで、焼結原料を効率よく擬似粒子に造粒できる。 In the present embodiment, an example in which the pelletizer 90 is used as the granulator is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a drum mixer may be used as the granulator. In the drum mixer as well, as with the granulator, by adjusting the Froude number and space factor so that the granulation status of the sintered raw material is in the normal granulation region, the sintered raw material is efficiently granulated into pseudo-particles. become able to. Even in the drum mixer, the Froude number and the space factor are expressed by the above-mentioned equations (1) and (2). By adjusting the tilt angle and the rotation speed of the drum mixer, the sintered raw material can be efficiently granulated into pseudo-particles.

本実施形態では、造粒機としてペレタイザー90を1つ用いた例を示したが、これに限らず、複数のペレタイザーを用いてもよく、ペレタイザーとドラムミキサーを併用してもよい。例えば、2つの造粒機を用いた場合、後半の造粒機における造粒は、前半の造粒機によってある程度造粒されているので、微粉を多く含む前半の造粒機による造粒よりも焼結原料を容易に転動させることができる。このため、前半の造粒機の造粒状況を正常造粒領域にできる条件で後半の造粒機の条件を定めれば、後半の造粒機の造粒状況は正常造粒領域になる。このため、複数の造粒機を用いた場合であっても、1台の造粒機で造粒を行う場合と同様に添加される水量、造粒機の回転数および造粒機の水平面との傾斜角度のうち少なくとも1つを調整することで、各造粒機の造粒状況を正常造粒領域に維持できる。 In the present embodiment, an example in which one pelletizer 90 is used as the granulator is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of pelletizers may be used, or a pelletizer and a drum mixer may be used in combination. For example, when two granulators are used, the granulation in the latter half of the granulators is performed to some extent by the first half of the granulators, so that the granulation by the first half of the granulators containing a large amount of fine powder is higher than that of the first half of the granulators. The sintered raw material can be easily rolled. Therefore, if the conditions of the latter half of the granulation machine are determined under the condition that the granulation condition of the first half of the granulation machine can be set to the normal granulation region, the granulation condition of the latter half of the granulation machine will be the normal granulation region. Therefore, even when a plurality of granulators are used, the amount of water added, the number of rotations of the granulator, and the horizontal plane of the granulator are the same as in the case of performing granulation with one granulator. By adjusting at least one of the inclination angles of, the granulation state of each granulator can be maintained in the normal granulation region.

次に、図1に示した焼結鉱製造装置10を用いて本実施形態に係る焼結鉱の製造方法で成品焼結鉱を製造した実施例を説明する。発明例1では、搬送コンベア30に設けた赤外線分析計32を用いて、オンラインで焼結原料の成分濃度(水分、Al、SiO)を1時間に1回の頻度で連続測定する測定工程を実施した。そして、測定工程で測定された成分濃度を用いてペレタイザーで添加される添加水量、ペレタイザーの傾斜角度および回転数を1時間に1回の頻度で調整する調整工程を実施した。 Next, an example in which a product sintered ore is produced by the method for producing a sintered ore according to the present embodiment using the sinter ore production apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 will be described. In Invention Example 1, the component concentration (moisture, Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 ) of the sintered raw material is continuously measured online once an hour by using the infrared analyzer 32 provided on the conveyor 30. The measurement process was carried out. Then, an adjustment step was carried out in which the amount of added water added by the pelletizer, the tilt angle of the pelletizer and the rotation speed were adjusted once an hour using the component concentration measured in the measurement step.

図5は、発明例1における成分濃度および添加水量の変動を示すグラフである。図5(a)は、焼結原料の水分濃度(質量%)の変動を示し、図5(b)は焼結原料のAlの成分濃度(質量%)の変動を示し、図5(c)は焼結原料のSiOの成分濃度(質量%)の変動を示し、図5(d)は、ペレタイザーで添加した添加水量(t/h)を示す。 FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes in the component concentration and the amount of added water in Invention Example 1. FIG. 5 (a) shows changes in the water concentration (mass%) of the sintered raw material, and FIG. 5 (b) shows changes in the component concentration (mass%) of Al 2 O 3 of the sintered raw material. (C) shows the fluctuation of the component concentration (mass%) of SiO 2 as the sintering raw material, and FIG. 5 (d) shows the amount of water added (t / h) added by the pelletizer.

図6は、発明例1におけるペレタイザー90の運転条件、通気性指数および成品焼結鉱の生産量の変動を示すグラフである。図6(a)はペレタイザーの傾斜角度(°)の変動を示し、図6(b)はペレタイザーの回転数(rpm)の変動を示し、図6(c)は装入層の通気性指数(−)を示し、図6(d)は生産ベース(t/h)の変動を示す。なお、装入層の通気性指数(−)とは、下記(3)式で算出される指数である。また、生産ベース(t/h)とは、焼結原料の1時間当たりの切り出し量であり、この生産量が多いほど焼結鉱製造の操業状態が良好であることを示す。 FIG. 6 is a graph showing fluctuations in the operating conditions of the pelletizer 90, the air permeability index, and the production amount of the sinter of the product in Invention Example 1. FIG. 6 (a) shows the fluctuation of the tilt angle (°) of the pelletizer, FIG. 6 (b) shows the fluctuation of the rotation speed (rpm) of the pelletizer, and FIG. -) Is shown, and FIG. 6 (d) shows the fluctuation of the production base (t / h). The air permeability index (-) of the charging layer is an index calculated by the following equation (3). The production base (t / h) is the amount of sinter raw material cut out per hour, and the larger the production amount, the better the operating condition of sinter production.

通気性指数=V/[S×(h/ΔP)0.6]・・・(3)
上記(3)式において、Vは装入層の通風量(Nm/min)であり、Sは焼結機のパレット台車44の焼結面積(m)であり、hは装入層の高さ(mm)であり、ΔPは焼結機上圧力損失(mmHO)である。
Breathability index = V / [S × (h / ΔP) 0.6 ] ・ ・ ・ (3)
In the above equation (3), V is the ventilation amount (Nm 3 / min) of the charging layer, S is the sintering area (m 2 ) of the pallet carriage 44 of the sintering machine, and h is the charging layer. It is the height (mm), and ΔP is the pressure loss on the sintering machine (mmH 2 O).

鉄含有原料12の原料パイルは6日に1度の頻度で他の原料パイルに切り換わる。実施例1において原料パイルの切り換えは、30時間経過時点で実施された。このため、30時間経過前後の焼結原料の成分濃度の変動は、他の時間における成分濃度の変動よりも大きくなっている。 The raw material pile of the iron-containing raw material 12 is switched to another raw material pile once every 6 days. In Example 1, the raw material pile was switched after 30 hours had passed. Therefore, the fluctuation of the component concentration of the sintered raw material before and after the lapse of 30 hours is larger than the fluctuation of the component concentration at other times.

発明例1では、焼結原料の水分濃度、Al濃度およびSiO濃度を連続測定している。これにより、図5(a)に示した10時間経過後から30時間経過前の水分濃度の上昇傾向や、図5(b)(c)に矢印で示した15時間経過後から30時間経過前のAl濃度およびSiO濃度の低下傾向を迅速に捉えることができる。発明例1では、当該測定値を用いて、1時間に1回の頻度で添加水量、ペレタイザーの傾斜角度および回転数を調整した。 In Invention Example 1, the water concentration, the Al 2 O 3 concentration, and the SiO 2 concentration of the sintered raw material are continuously measured. As a result, the tendency of the water concentration to increase from 10 hours to 30 hours shown in FIG. 5 (a) and from 15 hours to 30 hours shown by arrows in FIGS. 5 (b) and 5 (c). It is possible to quickly grasp the decreasing tendency of the Al 2 O 3 concentration and the SiO 2 concentration of. In Invention Example 1, the amount of added water, the tilt angle of the pelletizer, and the rotation speed were adjusted once an hour using the measured values.

発明例1では、0時間経過後から15時間経過前までは、焼結原料の水分濃度、Al濃度およびSiO濃度の変動が小さいので、造粒機で添加する水量は一定として、焼結原料の水分量が7質量%以上8質量%以下となるように調整した。15時間経過後から30時間経過前では、焼結原料の水分濃度の上昇、Al濃度およびSiO濃度の低下に対応させて造粒機で添加する水量を少なくした。また、30時間経過後から48時間経過までは、原料パイルの切り換えによる焼結原料の水分濃度の低下と上昇、Al濃度およびSiO濃度の若干の低下に対応させて造粒機で添加する水量を少なくした。 In Invention Example 1, since the fluctuations in the water concentration, the Al 2 O 3 concentration and the SiO 2 concentration of the sintered raw material are small from 0 hour to 15 hours before, the amount of water added by the granulator is assumed to be constant. The water content of the sintered raw material was adjusted to be 7% by mass or more and 8% by mass or less. From the lapse of 15 hours to before the lapse of 30 hours, the amount of water added by the granulator was reduced in response to the increase in the water concentration of the sintering raw material and the decrease in the Al 2 O 3 concentration and the SiO 2 concentration. In addition, from the lapse of 30 hours to the lapse of 48 hours, the granulator was used to cope with the decrease and increase of the water concentration of the sintered raw material due to the switching of the raw material pile, and the slight decrease of the Al 2 O 3 concentration and the SiO 2 concentration. The amount of water added was reduced.

さらに、発明例1では、フルード数が6.65×10 −3 〜9.85×10 −3 、占積率が0.084〜0.085、擬似粒子の平均粒子径が3.10〜3.90mmの範囲内となるように、ペレタイザー傾斜角度(図6(a))およびペレタイザー回転数(図6(b))を調整した。これにより、擬似粒子の平均粒子径は2.00〜3.90mmとなり、図6(c)に示すように、当該擬似粒子によって形成された装入層は高い通気性を維持し、この結果、全生産期間を通じて高い生産ベースを維持できた。 Further, in Invention Example 1, the Froude number is 6.65 × 10 -3 to 9.85 × 10 -3 , the space factor is 0.084 to 0.085, and the average particle size of the pseudo particles is 3.1 to 3. The pelletizer tilt angle (FIG. 6 (a)) and the pelletizer rotation speed (FIG. 6 (b)) were adjusted so as to be within the range of .90 mm. As a result, the average particle size of the pseudo particles becomes 2.00 to 3.90 mm, and as shown in FIG. 6 (c), the charged layer formed by the pseudo particles maintains high air permeability, and as a result, the imposition layer is maintained with high air permeability. We were able to maintain a high production base throughout the entire production period.

一方、比較例1では、焼結原料の水分、AlおよびSiOの成分濃度をオフラインで測定した。焼結原料の水分濃度は、1日3回(8時間に1回)の頻度で測定し、焼結原料のAl、SiOの成分濃度は、原料パイルの切り換え時に(6日に1回の頻度)で測定した。そして、測定された水分、AlおよびSiOの成分濃度を用いて8時間に1回の頻度で添加水量を調整し、6日に1回の頻度でペレタイザー90の傾斜角度および回転数を調整した。 On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, the water content of the sintering raw material and the component concentrations of Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 were measured offline. The water concentration of the sintered raw material is measured three times a day (once every 8 hours), and the component concentrations of Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 of the sintered raw material are measured when the raw material pile is switched (on the 6th). It was measured once (frequency). Then, the amount of added water is adjusted once every 8 hours using the measured water content, the component concentrations of Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 , and the tilt angle and rotation speed of the pelletizer 90 are adjusted once every 6 days. Was adjusted.

図7は、比較例1における焼結原料の成分濃度と添加水量の変動を示すグラフである。図7(a)は、焼結原料の水分濃度(質量%)の変動を示し、図7(b)は焼結原料のAlの成分濃度(質量%)の変動を示し、図7(c)は焼結原料のSiOの成分濃度(質量%)の変動を示し、図7(d)は、ペレタイザーで添加した添加水量(t/h)を示す。なお、図7(b)、(c)において、1時間ごとに○プロットを示しているが、これは測定された成分濃度の値ではなく、パイル切り換え時に測定された各成分濃度を示している。 FIG. 7 is a graph showing changes in the component concentration of the sintering raw material and the amount of added water in Comparative Example 1. FIG. 7 (a) shows changes in the water concentration (mass%) of the sintered raw material, and FIG. 7 (b) shows changes in the component concentration (mass%) of Al 2 O 3 of the sintered raw material. (C) shows the fluctuation of the component concentration (mass%) of SiO 2 as the sintering raw material, and FIG. 7 (d) shows the amount of water added (t / h) added by the pelletizer. In addition, in FIGS. 7 (b) and 7 (c), the ○ plot is shown every hour, but this is not the value of the measured component concentration, but the concentration of each component measured at the time of pile switching. ..

図8は、比較例1におけるペレタイザーの運転条件、通気性指数および成品焼結鉱の生産量の変動を示すグラフである。図8(a)はペレタイザーの傾斜角度(°)の変動を示し、図8(b)はペレタイザーの回転数(rpm)の変動を示し、図8(c)は装入層の通気性指数(−)を示し、図8(d)は生産ベース(t/h)を示す。 FIG. 8 is a graph showing changes in the operating conditions of the pelletizer, the air permeability index, and the production amount of the sinter of the product in Comparative Example 1. FIG. 8 (a) shows the fluctuation of the tilt angle (°) of the pelletizer, FIG. 8 (b) shows the fluctuation of the rotation speed (rpm) of the pelletizer, and FIG. -) Is shown, and FIG. 8 (d) shows the production base (t / h).

比較例1では、8時間に1回の頻度で測定された水分濃度と、6日に1回の頻度で測定されたAlおよびSiOの成分濃度を用いて、発明例1と同様にフルード数が6.65×10 −3 〜9.85×10 −3 の範囲内、占積率が0.084〜0.085の範囲内、擬似粒子の平均粒子径が3.10〜3.90mmの範囲内になるように、ペレタイザーで添加される添加水量、ペレタイザーの傾斜角度および回転数を調整した。比較例1では、原料パイルの切り換え時に合わせて、添加水量、傾斜角度および回転数を調整したが、焼結原料の水分、AlおよびSiOの成分変動に対してペレタイザーでの添加水量、ペレタイザーの傾斜角度および回転数の調整が適切に行えない。このため、擬似粒子の平均粒子径は0.60〜3.50mmとなり、また、所々で通気性指数の大きな低下が見られたことから擬似粒子径の変動も大きくなったと考えられる。この通気性指数の低下により、焼結鉱の生産ベースは全生産期間の所々で大きく低下し、焼結鉱の製造が安定しなかった。 In Comparative Example 1, the water concentration measured once every 8 hours and the component concentrations of Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 measured once every 6 days were used in the same manner as in Invention Example 1. The Froude number is in the range of 6.65 × 10 -3 to 9.85 × 10 -3 , the space factor is in the range of 0.084 to 0.085, and the average particle size of the pseudo particles is 3.1 to 3 The amount of water added by the pelletizer, the tilt angle of the pelletizer, and the rotation speed were adjusted so as to be within the range of .90 mm. In Comparative Example 1, the amount of added water, the tilt angle, and the rotation speed were adjusted according to the switching of the raw material pile, but the amount of added water with the pelletizer with respect to the water content of the sintered raw material and the fluctuation of the components of Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2. , The tilt angle and rotation speed of the pelletizer cannot be adjusted properly. For this reason, the average particle size of the pseudo particles was 0.60 to 3.50 mm, and it is considered that the fluctuation of the pseudo particle size was also large because the air permeability index was significantly reduced in some places. Due to this decrease in air permeability index, the production base of sinter was greatly reduced at some points during the entire production period, and the production of sinter was not stable.

このように、発明例1では全生産期間を通じて高い生産ベースを維持できた一方で、比較例1では、全生産期間の所々で通気性指数および生産ベースが大きく低下した。これらの結果から、焼結原料の造粒性に影響する成分濃度を連続測定し、当該成分濃度を用いて造粒機であるペレタイザーの運転条件を適正化することで効率よく擬似粒子を造粒でき、これにより、高い通気性指数および高い生産量が維持され、焼結鉱製造の操業状態を良好に維持できることが確認された。 As described above, in Invention Example 1, a high production base could be maintained throughout the entire production period, whereas in Comparative Example 1, the air permeability index and the production base decreased significantly in some parts of the entire production period. From these results, the concentration of components that affect the granulation properties of the sintered raw material is continuously measured, and the concentration of the components is used to optimize the operating conditions of the granulator, which is a granulator, to efficiently granulate pseudo-particles. It was confirmed that this maintained a high air permeability index and high production volume, and that the operating condition of sinter production could be maintained well.

また、発明例1と比較例1における擬似粒子の平均粒子径と、通気性指数と、成品焼結鉱生産率の平均値を下記表1に示す。なお、成品焼結鉱生産率とは、図6(d)および図8(d)に示した生産ベースに、焼結原料から焼結によって気化する成分を除いた割合である焼結歩留と、篩分け装置70による成品焼結鉱歩留とを乗じた値を、焼結機のパレット台車の焼結面積で除した値である。 Table 1 below shows the average particle size of the pseudo-particles in Invention Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the air permeability index, and the average value of the sinter production rate of the product. The product sinter production rate is the sinter yield, which is the ratio of the sinter raw material excluding the components vaporized by sinter to the production base shown in FIGS. 6 (d) and 8 (d). , The value obtained by multiplying the product sinter yield by the sinter device 70 by the sinter area of the sinter trolley of the sinter machine.

Figure 0006988712
Figure 0006988712

表1に示すように、発明例1の擬似粒子の平均粒子径は比較例1よりも大きくなった。また、発明例1の通気性指数および成品焼結鉱生産率は、いずれも比較例1よりも高くなった。このように、擬似粒子の平均粒子径が大きくなったことから、本実施形態に係る焼結鉱の製造方法を実施することで効率良く擬似粒子を造粒でき、これにより、装入層の通気性指数の向上および成品焼結鉱生産率の向上が実現できることが確認された。 As shown in Table 1, the average particle size of the pseudo-particles of Invention Example 1 was larger than that of Comparative Example 1. In addition, the air permeability index and the sinter production rate of the product of Invention Example 1 were both higher than those of Comparative Example 1. Since the average particle size of the pseudo-particles has increased in this way, the pseudo-particles can be efficiently granulated by implementing the method for producing the sinter according to the present embodiment, whereby the aeration of the charging layer can be achieved. It was confirmed that the sex index could be improved and the sinter production rate of the product could be improved.

10 焼結鉱製造装置
11 ヤード
12 鉄含有原料
14 搬送コンベア
16 CaO含有原料
17 MgO含有原料
18 凝結材
20 原料供給部
22 配合槽
24 配合槽
25 配合槽
26 配合槽
28 配合槽
30 搬送コンベア
32 赤外線分析計
34 水
36 ドラムミキサー
38 搬送コンベア
40 焼結機
42 焼結原料供給装置
44 パレット台車
46 点火炉
47 気体燃料供給装置
48 ウインドボックス
50 破砕機
60 冷却機
70 篩分け装置
72 成品焼結鉱
74 返鉱
76 搬送コンベア
78 搬送コンベア
80 高炉
90 ペレタイザー
92 パン
94 散水機
96 排出スロープ
98 擬似粒子
10 Sintered ore production equipment 11 yards 12 Iron-containing raw material 14 Conveyor conveyor 16 CaO-containing raw material 17 MgO-containing raw material 18 Coagulant 20 Raw material supply unit 22 Mixing tank 24 Mixing tank 25 Mixing tank 26 Mixing tank 28 Mixing tank 30 Conveyor 32 Infrared Analyzer 34 Water 36 Drum mixer 38 Conveyor conveyor 40 Sintering machine 42 Sintered raw material supply device 44 Pallet trolley 46 Ignition furnace 47 Gas fuel supply device 48 Windbox 50 Crusher 60 Cooler 70 Sieving device 72 Product sintered ore 74 Return ore 76 Conveyor 78 Conveyor 80 Blaster 90 Pelletizer 92 Pan 94 Sprinkler 96 Discharge slope 98 Pseudo-particles

Claims (4)

少なくとも鉄含有原料、CaO含有原料および凝結材が配合された焼結原料を造粒機で造粒し、造粒された焼結原料を焼結機で焼結して焼結鉱を製造する焼結鉱の製造方法であって、
前記鉄含有原料、前記焼結原料のうち少なくとも1つの成分濃度を1回超/8時間の頻度で連続測定する測定工程と、
前記測定工程で測定された成分濃度を用いて、前記焼結原料が前記造粒機で転動するように前記造粒機で添加される水量、前記造粒機の回転数および前記造粒機の傾斜角度のうち少なくとも1つを調整する調整工程と、
を有し、
前記造粒機は、前記焼結原料を転動させるパンを有するペレタイザーであり、
前記調整工程では、前記造粒機で添加される水量、前記造粒機の回転数および前記造粒機の傾斜角度のうち少なくとも1つを調整し、下記(1)式で定められるフルード数と、下記(2)式で定められる占積率と、を予め定められた範囲内とし、
前記フルード数の予め定められた範囲は1×10 −3 以上16×10 −3 以下の範囲内であり、前記占積率の予め定められた範囲は0.05以上0.18以下の範囲内である、焼結鉱の製造方法。
Fr=[D×(N/60)]/(g×sinα)・・・(1)
但し、上記(1)式において、Frは前記フルード数(−)であり、Dは前記パンの直
径(m)であり、Nは前記パンの回転数(rpm)であり、gは重力加速度(m/s
であり、αは前記ペレタイザーの水平面との傾斜角度(°)である。
φ=(Q×K)/Fr1/2・・・(2)
但し、上記(2)式において、φは占積率(−)であり、Qは処理量(g)であり、K
は定数であり、Frはフルード数(−)である。
Sintered raw material containing at least iron-containing raw material, CaO-containing raw material and coagulant is granulated by a granulator, and the granulated sintered raw material is sintered by a sinter to produce sinter. It ’s a method of manufacturing sinter.
A measurement step of continuously measuring the concentration of at least one of the iron-containing raw material and the sintered raw material at a frequency of more than once / 8 hours.
Using the component concentration measured in the measuring step, the amount of water added by the granulator so that the sintered raw material is rolled by the granulator, the number of revolutions of the granulator, and the granulator An adjustment process that adjusts at least one of the tilt angles of
Have,
The granulator is a pelletizer having a pan for rolling the sintering raw material.
In the adjustment step, at least one of the amount of water added by the granulator, the rotation speed of the granulator, and the tilt angle of the granulator is adjusted to obtain the Froude number determined by the following equation (1). , The space factor determined by the following equation (2) is within the predetermined range .
The predetermined range of the Froude number is within the range of 1 × 10 -3 or more and 16 × 10 -3 or less, and the predetermined range of the space factor is within the range of 0.05 or more and 0.18 or less. Is a method for producing sinter.
Fr = [D × (N / 60) 2 ] / (g × sinα) ・ ・ ・ (1)
However, in the above equation (1), F is the Froude number (-), D is the diameter (m) of the pan, N is the rotation speed (rpm) of the pan, and g is the gravitational acceleration (-). m / s 2 )
Α is the inclination angle (°) of the pelletizer with respect to the horizontal plane.
φ = (Q × K) / Fr 1/2 ... (2)
However, in the above equation (2), φ is the space factor (-), Q is the processing amount (g), and K.
Is a constant and Fr is the Froude number (−).
前記測定工程では、水分の成分濃度を測定する、請求項に記載の焼結鉱の製造方法。 The method for producing a sinter according to claim 1 , wherein in the measuring step, the concentration of water components is measured. 前記測定工程では、SiOおよびA1の少なくとも1つの成分濃度をさらに測定する、請求項に記載の焼結鉱の製造方法。 The method for producing a sinter according to claim 2 , wherein in the measuring step, the concentration of at least one component of SiO 2 and A1 2 O 3 is further measured. 前記造粒された焼結原料の平均粒子径は、0.5mm以上8.0mm以下の範囲内である、請求項1から請求項の何れか一項に記載の焼結鉱の製造方法。 The method for producing a sinter according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the average particle size of the granulated sinter raw material is in the range of 0.5 mm or more and 8.0 mm or less.
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