JP6858005B2 - Sliding member molding sheet, sliding member, and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
Sliding member molding sheet, sliding member, and its manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- AJCDFVKYMIUXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxobarium;oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron Chemical compound [Ba]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O AJCDFVKYMIUXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
Description
本発明は、摺動部材成形用シート、摺動部材、及び、その製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a sliding member molding sheet, a sliding member, and a method for manufacturing the same.
従来、繊維強化プラスチック（以下、「ＦＲＰ」ともいう。）は、強度とともに軽量性が求められるような用途において広く用いられ、小型船舶のトラックのボディーの形成材料として広く用いられている。
この種の用途に利用される、ＦＲＰは、通常、複数本の補強繊維からなるマルチフィラメント糸からなる繊維シートにエポキシ樹脂や不飽和ポリエステル樹脂といったマトリックス樹脂を含浸させたプリプレグシートを熱硬化させることで形成されている。
近年、ＦＲＰは、その用途が拡大しており、船舶や車両のような大型の製品ばかりでなく、小型電気製品のハウジング、歯車、軸受などの比較的小型で複雑な形状を有する製品などにも利用される機会が増えている（例えば、特許文献１）。
Conventionally, fiber reinforced plastics (hereinafter, also referred to as "FRP") are widely used in applications where strength and lightness are required, and are widely used as a material for forming the body of a truck of a small ship.
FRP, which is used for this kind of application, is usually a prepreg sheet obtained by impregnating a fiber sheet made of a multifilament yarn composed of a plurality of reinforcing fibers with a matrix resin such as an epoxy resin or an unsaturated polyester resin by thermosetting. Is formed of.
In recent years, the use of FRP has been expanding, not only for large products such as ships and vehicles, but also for small electric products such as housings, gears, and bearings, which have relatively small and complicated shapes. Opportunities to use it are increasing (for example, Patent Document 1).
ところで、プリプレグシートでは、経糸と緯糸とがマトリックス樹脂によって接着された状態になり、糸同士や、糸を構成している繊維同士が滑り合うことがなくなってしまうので、繊維シートだけの状態に比べて柔軟性が大きく失われた状態になっている。
そこで、この種のプリプレグシートに対して曲率半径の小さな曲げ加工を施そうとすると、補強繊維の抗張力が強く作用するため、当該プリプレグシートを型で成形して小型製品や形状の複雑な製品を作製する際には作業性が十分に良好なものとはなり難い。
これについて、プリプレグシートに含有させる補強繊維を繊維シートのような状態ではなく短繊維にし、射出成形や圧縮成形により、小型かつ形状の複雑な製品を作製することが考えられる。
By the way, in the prepreg sheet, the warp and the weft are bonded by the matrix resin, and the threads and the fibers constituting the threads do not slip with each other. Therefore, compared with the state of the fiber sheet alone. The flexibility is greatly lost.
Therefore, when trying to bend this type of prepreg sheet with a small radius of curvature, the tensile strength of the reinforcing fibers acts strongly, so the prepreg sheet is molded with a mold to produce small products or products with complicated shapes. When it is produced, it is difficult for the workability to be sufficiently good.
Regarding this, it is conceivable to make the reinforcing fibers contained in the prepreg sheet into short fibers instead of the state like the fiber sheet, and to produce a small and complicated product by injection molding or compression molding.
しかし、このような手法により得られる軸受などは、過酷な条件下では摺動部材として十分に適なさいものとなる。
即ち、短繊維で補強された摺動部材の場合、得られる摺動部材は、摺動面から補強繊維が脱落し易いものになり、補強繊維が脱落した箇所によって摩耗が進行しやすくなるという問題を有する。
However, bearings and the like obtained by such a method are sufficiently suitable as sliding members under harsh conditions.
That is, in the case of a sliding member reinforced with short fibers, the obtained sliding member has a problem that the reinforcing fibers are likely to fall off from the sliding surface, and wear is likely to proceed depending on the portion where the reinforcing fibers are dropped. Has.
そこで、本発明は、耐摩耗性に優れた摺動部材を製造容易なものとし得る摺動部材成形用シート、耐摩耗性に優れ且つ容易に製造し得る摺動部材、及び、その製造方法を提供することを課題とする。 Therefore, the present invention provides a sliding member molding sheet that can easily manufacture a sliding member having excellent wear resistance, a sliding member that has excellent wear resistance and can be easily manufactured, and a method for manufacturing the same. The challenge is to provide.
本発明に係る摺動部材成形用シートは、繊維強化プラスチックで形成された摺動面を有する摺動部材の形成に用いられ、
補強繊維と、熱可塑性樹脂を含有するマトリックス樹脂とを含む前記摺動面を形成すべく用いられ、
第１連続繊維と、第２連続繊維とを含む少なくとも２種類以上の連続繊維で構成された繊維シートであり、
前記第１連続繊維が前記補強繊維であり、
前記第２連続繊維は、前記マトリックス樹脂となる前記熱可塑性樹脂を含む連続繊維である。
The sliding member molding sheet according to the present invention is used for forming a sliding member having a sliding surface made of fiber reinforced plastic.
It is used to form the sliding surface containing the reinforcing fiber and the matrix resin containing the thermoplastic resin.
A fiber sheet composed of at least two types of continuous fibers including a first continuous fiber and a second continuous fiber.
The first continuous fiber is the reinforcing fiber,
The second continuous fiber is a continuous fiber containing the thermoplastic resin serving as the matrix resin.
斯かる摺動部材成形用シートは、マトリックス樹脂となる樹脂を連続繊維の状態で含んだ繊維シートであるため、マトリックス樹脂で繊維同士が接着され拘束されてしまうことを抑制できる。
そのため、斯かる摺動部材成形用シートは、従来のプリプレグシートを用いるような場合に比べて成形加工における作業性を向上させ得る。
また、斯かる摺動部材成形用シートは、マトリックス樹脂となる樹脂が熱可塑性を有することから、摺動部材の形成時には、この連続繊維を溶融させて繊維間に含浸させ得る。
しかも、斯かる摺動部材成形用シートで形成された摺動部材は、補強繊維が連続繊維であるため、使用時における摺動面からの補強繊維の脱落を抑制でき、優れた耐摩耗性が発揮され得る。
Since such a sliding member molding sheet is a fiber sheet containing a resin to be a matrix resin in the state of continuous fibers, it is possible to prevent the fibers from being bonded and restrained by the matrix resin.
Therefore, such a sliding member molding sheet can improve workability in the molding process as compared with the case where a conventional prepreg sheet is used.
Further, in such a sliding member molding sheet, since the resin to be the matrix resin has thermoplasticity, the continuous fibers can be melted and impregnated between the fibers at the time of forming the sliding member.
Moreover, since the reinforcing fibers of the sliding member formed of the sliding member molding sheet are continuous fibers, it is possible to suppress the reinforcing fibers from falling off from the sliding surface during use, and the sliding member has excellent wear resistance. Can be demonstrated.
また、本発明に係る摺動部材は、前記摺動部材成形用シートが加熱加圧成形された成形体を有する。 Further, the sliding member according to the present invention has a molded body in which the sliding member molding sheet is heat-press molded.
さらに、本発明に係る摺動部材の製造方法は、前記摺動部材成形用シートを加熱加圧成形して成形体を得、該成形体を有する摺動部材を得る。 Further, in the method for manufacturing a sliding member according to the present invention, the sliding member molding sheet is heat-press molded to obtain a molded body, and a sliding member having the molded body is obtained.
以上のように、本発明によれば、耐摩耗性に優れた摺動部材を製造容易なものとし得る摺動部材成形用シート、耐摩耗性に優れ且つ容易に製造し得る摺動部材、及び、その製造方法を提供し得る。 As described above, according to the present invention, a sliding member molding sheet that can easily manufacture a sliding member having excellent wear resistance, a sliding member that has excellent wear resistance and can be easily manufactured, and a sliding member. , The manufacturing method thereof can be provided.
以下、本発明の一実施形態について説明する。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
まず、本実施形態に係る摺動部材成形用シートについて説明する。
本実施形態に係る摺動部材成形用シートは、繊維強化プラスチックで形成された摺動面を有する摺動部材の形成に用いられる。
また、本実施形態に係る摺動部材成形用シートは、補強繊維と、熱可塑性樹脂を含有するマトリックス樹脂とを含む前記摺動面を形成すべく用いられる。
さらに、本実施形態に係る摺動部材成形用シートは、第１連続繊維と、第２連続繊維と第３連続繊維とで構成された繊維シートである。
前記第１連続繊維は、前記補強繊維である。
前記第２連続繊維は、前記マトリックス樹脂となる前記熱可塑性樹脂を含む連続繊維である。
前記第３連続繊維は、機能性繊維である。
前記補強繊維は、マトリックス樹脂よりも引張弾性率が高い繊維である。補強繊維は、主として摺動部材の抗張力を高める繊維である。
前記機能性繊維は、抗張力を高める以外の機能を摺動部材に付与する繊維であり、滑り性、熱伝導性又は吸油性を高める機能を有してもよく、また、磁性特性や導電性能を摺動部材に付与できる繊維であってもよい。
また、前記機能性繊維は、マトリックス樹脂よりも引張弾性率が低い繊維、又は、マトリックス樹脂と引張弾性率が同じ繊維である。
First, the sliding member molding sheet according to the present embodiment will be described.
The sliding member molding sheet according to the present embodiment is used for forming a sliding member having a sliding surface made of fiber reinforced plastic.
Further, the sliding member molding sheet according to the present embodiment is used to form the sliding surface containing the reinforcing fiber and the matrix resin containing the thermoplastic resin.
Further, the sliding member molding sheet according to the present embodiment is a fiber sheet composed of a first continuous fiber, a second continuous fiber, and a third continuous fiber.
The first continuous fiber is the reinforcing fiber.
The second continuous fiber is a continuous fiber containing the thermoplastic resin to be the matrix resin.
The third continuous fiber is a functional fiber.
The reinforcing fiber is a fiber having a higher tensile elastic modulus than the matrix resin. Reinforcing fibers are fibers that mainly increase the tensile strength of sliding members.
The functional fiber is a fiber that imparts a function other than increasing tensile strength to a sliding member, may have a function of enhancing slipperiness, thermal conductivity, or oil absorption, and also has magnetic properties and conductive performance. It may be a fiber that can be applied to the sliding member.
Further, the functional fiber is a fiber having a tensile elastic modulus lower than that of the matrix resin, or a fiber having the same tensile elastic modulus as the matrix resin.
前記補強繊維しては、無機繊維、有機繊維が挙げられる。
無機繊維としては、金属繊維（スチール繊維等）、セラミックス繊維（アルミナ繊維、炭化ケイ素繊維等）、ガラス繊維、バサルト繊維、炭素繊維、ボロン繊維等が挙げられる。
前記炭素繊維としては、ポリアクリロニトリル系炭素繊維、ピッチ系炭素繊維、植物由来の原料（リグニン、セルロース等）を焼成して得られた炭素繊維等が挙げられる。
有機繊維としては、合成繊維、天然繊維が挙げられる。合成繊維としては、芳香族ポリアミド繊維（アラミド繊維）、ポリオキシメチレン繊維、ポリパラフェニレンベンゾビスオキサゾール繊維、超高分子量ポリエチレン繊維などが挙げられる。天然繊維としては、ケナフ繊維、竹繊維等が挙げられる。
前記補強繊維としては、軽量でありながら、高強度及び高弾性率を有するという観点から、炭素繊維が好適に用いられる。
前記炭素繊維としては、ポリアクリロニトリル系炭素繊維やピッチ系炭素繊維が好適に用いられる。
また、前記補強繊維しては、電気絶縁性を高めるという観点からは、ガラス繊維、バサルト繊維、セラミックス繊維が好ましい。
Examples of the reinforcing fiber include inorganic fiber and organic fiber.
Examples of the inorganic fiber include metal fiber (steel fiber and the like), ceramics fiber (alumina fiber, silicon carbide fiber and the like), glass fiber, basalt fiber, carbon fiber, boron fiber and the like.
Examples of the carbon fibers include polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers, pitch-based carbon fibers, and carbon fibers obtained by firing plant-derived raw materials (lignin, cellulose, etc.).
Examples of organic fibers include synthetic fibers and natural fibers. Examples of synthetic fibers include aromatic polyamide fibers (aramid fibers), polyoxymethylene fibers, polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole fibers, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers. Examples of natural fibers include kenaf fibers and bamboo fibers.
As the reinforcing fiber, carbon fiber is preferably used from the viewpoint of having high strength and high elastic modulus while being lightweight.
As the carbon fibers, polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers and pitch-based carbon fibers are preferably used.
Further, as the reinforcing fiber, glass fiber, basalt fiber, and ceramic fiber are preferable from the viewpoint of enhancing electrical insulation.
前記熱可塑性樹脂としては、ポリフェニレンサルファイド（ＰＰＳ）、ポリエーテルイミド（ＰＥＩ）、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン（ＰＥＥＫ）、ポリイミド（ＰＩ）、ポリアミドイミド（ＰＡＩ）、ポリエーテルケトン（ＰＥＫ）、ポリエーテルスルフォン（ＰＥＳ）、ポリオレフィン（ＰＯ）、ポリアミド（ＰＡ）、ポリエステル等が挙げられる。
前記熱可塑性樹脂としては、耐熱性や耐薬品性に優れるという観点から、ポリフェニレンサルファイド（ＰＰＳ）、ポリエーテルイミド（ＰＥＩ）、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン（ＰＥＥＫ）、ポリイミド（ＰＩ）等が好適に用いられる。
熱硬化性樹脂は保管時に硬化反応が進行してしまうので、本実施形態に係る摺動部材成形用シートは、熱可塑性樹脂を用いることにより、長期保存しても、物性が変化してしまうのを抑制することができる。
Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyetherimide (PEI), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyimide (PI), polyamideimide (PAI), polyetherketone (PEK), and polyethersulfone (PEK). PES), polyolefin (PO), polyamide (PA), polyester and the like.
As the thermoplastic resin, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyetherimide (PEI), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyimide (PI) and the like are preferably used from the viewpoint of excellent heat resistance and chemical resistance. ..
Since the curing reaction of the thermosetting resin proceeds during storage, the physical properties of the sliding member molding sheet according to the present embodiment change even if it is stored for a long period of time by using the thermoplastic resin. Can be suppressed.
前記機能性繊維は、摺動特性（滑り性）を向上させる機能を摺動部材に付与する繊維であり、前記機能性繊維としては、フッ素樹脂繊維が挙げられる。
本実施形態に係る摺動部材成形用シートは、フッ素樹脂繊維を有することで、優れた耐摩耗性を維持しつつ、摺動部材の相手材（摺動部材と接触するもの）との摩擦係数を小さくすることができる摺動部材を提供することができるという利点を有する。
フッ素樹脂繊維に含まれるフッ素樹脂としては、例えば、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン（ＰＴＦＥ）、テトラフルオロエチレン−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体（ＦＥＰ）、テトラフルオロエチレン−ｐ−フルオロアルキルビニルエーテル共重合体（ＰＦＡ）、ポリクロロトリフルオロエチレン（ＰＣＴＦＥ）、エチレン−テトラフルオロエチレン共重合体（ＥＴＦＥ）を用いることができる。また、フッ素樹脂としては、単独または２種類以上ブレンドしたものを使用することもできる。
The functional fiber is a fiber that imparts a function of improving sliding characteristics (slipperiness) to a sliding member, and examples of the functional fiber include fluororesin fibers.
The sheet for molding a sliding member according to the present embodiment has a fluororesin fiber, so that while maintaining excellent wear resistance, the coefficient of friction with the mating material of the sliding member (the one that comes into contact with the sliding member). It has an advantage that a sliding member capable of reducing the size can be provided.
Examples of the fluororesin contained in the fluororesin fiber include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), and tetrafluoroethylene-p-fluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA). , Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) can be used. Further, as the fluororesin, one alone or a blend of two or more kinds can be used.
後述するように、摺動部材は摺動部材成形用シートを加熱加圧成形して得ることができるが、摺動部材に優れた摺動特性（滑り性）を付与できる（摺動部材の相手材（摺動部材と接触するもの）との摩擦係数を小さくすることができる）観点から、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン（ＰＴＦＥ）が好ましい。
なお、摺動部材の相手材（摺動部材と接触するもの）との摩擦係数を小さくすることができると、摺動部材と相手材との間で摩擦熱が発生するのを抑制することができる。これにより、摩擦熱による相手材や摺動部材の変形を抑制することができる。また、摺動部材の相手材（摺動部材と接触するもの）との摩擦係数を小さくすることができると、初期トルクも抑制できる。
As will be described later, the sliding member can be obtained by heat-press molding a sheet for molding a sliding member, but excellent sliding characteristics (slipperiness) can be imparted to the sliding member (a partner of the sliding member). Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is preferable from the viewpoint of the material (which can reduce the coefficient of friction with the sliding member).
If the friction coefficient of the sliding member with the mating material (the one that comes into contact with the sliding member) can be reduced, it is possible to suppress the generation of frictional heat between the sliding member and the mating material. it can. As a result, deformation of the mating material and the sliding member due to frictional heat can be suppressed. Further, if the coefficient of friction of the sliding member with the mating material (the one that comes into contact with the sliding member) can be reduced, the initial torque can also be suppressed.
前記繊維シートは、第１連続繊維と第２連続繊維と第３連続繊維とを含む織物、第１連続繊維と第２連続繊維と第３連続繊維とを含む編物、及び、第１連続繊維と第２連続繊維と第３連続繊維とが交絡した不織布の内の何れかである。 The fiber sheet includes a woven fabric containing the first continuous fiber, the second continuous fiber and the third continuous fiber, a knitted fabric containing the first continuous fiber, the second continuous fiber and the third continuous fiber, and the first continuous fiber. It is one of the non-woven fabrics in which the second continuous fiber and the third continuous fiber are entangled.
前記繊維シートを構成する糸は、モノフィラメント糸であってもよく、マルチフィラメント糸であってもよい。マルチフィラメント糸としては、撚り糸、引き揃え糸、カバードヤーン、コミングルヤーン、開繊糸等が挙げられる。 The yarn constituting the fiber sheet may be a monofilament yarn or a multifilament yarn. Examples of the multifilament yarn include twisted yarn, draw-aligned yarn, covered yarn, commingle yarn, spread fiber yarn and the like.
前記繊維シートは、１又は２以上の第１連続繊維で構成された第１連続繊維糸を有する。
前記第１連続繊維糸の繊度（総繊度）は、好ましくは５００〜２０，０００ｄｔｅｘ、より好ましくは５００〜４，０００ｄｔｅｘである。
本実施形態に係る摺動部材成形用シートは、前記第１連続繊維糸の繊度（総繊度）が２０，０００ｄｔｅｘ以下であることにより、第１連続繊維糸が、第１連続繊維糸自体又は他の連続繊維糸との交錯によって生じる屈曲が大きくなるのを抑制できる。
その結果、本実施形態に係る摺動部材成形用シートは、補強繊維の性能をより一層発揮しやすくなる。また、本実施形態に係る摺動部材成形用シートは、補強繊維が存在しない空隙部が大きくなるのを抑制でき、その結果、摺動部材に樹脂がリッチとなる箇所が大きくなるのを抑制できるので、摺動部材の耐摩耗性をより一層向上させ得る。
The fiber sheet has a first continuous fiber yarn composed of one or more first continuous fibers.
The fineness (total fineness) of the first continuous fiber yarn is preferably 500 to 20,000 dtex, more preferably 500 to 4,000 dtex.
In the sliding member molding sheet according to the present embodiment, the fineness (total fineness) of the first continuous fiber yarn is 20,000 dtex or less, so that the first continuous fiber yarn is the first continuous fiber yarn itself or another. It is possible to suppress the increase in bending caused by the crossing with the continuous fiber yarn.
As a result, the sliding member molding sheet according to the present embodiment is more likely to exhibit the performance of the reinforcing fiber. Further, the sliding member molding sheet according to the present embodiment can suppress the increase of the gap portion in which the reinforcing fiber does not exist, and as a result, it is possible to suppress the increase of the resin-rich portion of the sliding member. Therefore, the wear resistance of the sliding member can be further improved.
前記繊維シートは、１又は２以上の第２連続繊維で構成された第２連続繊維糸を有する。
前記第２連続繊維糸の繊度（総繊度）は、好ましくは５００〜２０，０００ｄｔｅｘ、より好ましくは５００〜４，０００ｄｔｅｘである。
The fiber sheet has a second continuous fiber yarn composed of one or more second continuous fibers.
The fineness (total fineness) of the second continuous fiber yarn is preferably 500 to 20,000 dtex, more preferably 500 to 4,000 dtex.
前記繊維シートは、１又は２以上の第３連続繊維で構成された第３連続繊維糸を有する。
前記第３連続繊維糸の繊度（総繊度）は、好ましくは１５〜２，０００ｄｔｅｘ、より好ましくは２００〜２，０００ｄｔｅｘである。
The fiber sheet has a third continuous fiber yarn composed of one or more third continuous fibers.
The fineness (total fineness) of the third continuous fiber yarn is preferably 15 to 2,000 dtex, more preferably 200 to 2,000 dtex.
前記繊維シートは、前記第１連続繊維の体積と、前記第２連続繊維の体積との比は、好ましくは２０：８０〜８０：２０、より好ましくは３０：７０〜７０：３０である。
さらに、前記繊維シートは、前記第３連続繊維の体積と、前記第１連続繊維の体積及び前記第２連続繊維の体積の合計の体積との比は、好ましくは１：９９〜４０：６０、より好ましくは５：９５〜３０：７０である。前記繊維シートは、斯かる体積比となっていることにより、摺動部材に摺動特性（滑り性）の向上させることが可能である。
In the fiber sheet, the ratio of the volume of the first continuous fiber to the volume of the second continuous fiber is preferably 20:80 to 80:20, more preferably 30:70 to 70:30.
Further, in the fiber sheet, the ratio of the volume of the third continuous fiber to the total volume of the volume of the first continuous fiber and the volume of the second continuous fiber is preferably 1:99 to 40:60. More preferably, it is 5:95 to 30:70. Since the fiber sheet has such a volume ratio, it is possible to improve the sliding characteristics (slipperiness) of the sliding member.
前記織物の形態は、従来公知の織物組織であってもよく、例えば、平織、八枚朱子織、四枚朱子織、綾織などであってもよい。
また、前記織物の形態は、経糸と緯糸との交差角度が９０°以外の角度となった、いわゆるバイアス織であってもよい。
さらに、前記織物は、一方向性織物となっていてもよい。
The form of the woven fabric may be a conventionally known woven fabric structure, for example, a plain weave, an eight satin weave, a four satin weave, a twill weave, or the like.
Further, the form of the woven fabric may be a so-called bias weave in which the crossing angle between the warp and the weft is an angle other than 90 °.
Further, the woven fabric may be a unidirectional woven fabric.
前記編物の形態は、従来公知の編物組織であってもよく、例えば、たて編み、よこ編み、ラッセル編み等であってもよい。 The form of the knit may be a conventionally known knitted structure, and may be, for example, warp knitting, weft knitting, Russell knitting, or the like.
前記繊維シートは、芯糸と、該芯糸に巻きかけられた巻糸とを有するカバードヤーンを備え、前記芯糸が複数の前記第１連続繊維で構成され、前記巻糸が１又は２以上の第２連続繊維で構成されていることが好ましい。
前記繊維シートは、斯かる構成を有することにより、第２連続繊維の熱可塑性樹脂を溶融させた際に、複数の前記第１連続繊維の間に熱可塑性樹脂が入り込み易くなり、第１連続繊維に熱可塑性樹脂が含浸されやすくなるという利点を有する。
The fiber sheet includes a covered yarn having a core yarn and a winding yarn wound around the core yarn, the core yarn is composed of a plurality of the first continuous fibers, and the winding yarn is one or more. It is preferably composed of the second continuous fiber of.
Since the fiber sheet has such a structure, when the thermoplastic resin of the second continuous fiber is melted, the thermoplastic resin easily enters between the plurality of the first continuous fibers, and the first continuous fiber Has the advantage that it is easily impregnated with the thermoplastic resin.
前記繊維シートの目付けは、好ましくは５０〜１，０００ｇ／ｍ２、より好ましくは２００〜７００ｇ／ｍ２である。
本実施形態に係る摺動部材成形用シートは、前記繊維シートの目付けが５０ｇ／ｍ２以上であることにより、摺動部材を成形する際に、繊維シートを積層する枚数が多くなるのを抑制でき、その結果、成形体を作製する際のコストを抑制し得るという利点を有する。
また、本実施形態に係る摺動部材成形用シートは、前記繊維シートの目付けが１，０００ｇ／ｍ２以下であることにより、金型形状への賦型がしやすくなるという利点を有する。
The basis weight of the fiber sheet is preferably 50 to 1,000 g / m 2 , and more preferably 200 to 700 g / m 2 .
In the sliding member molding sheet according to the present embodiment, since the basis weight of the fiber sheet is 50 g / m 2 or more, it is possible to suppress an increase in the number of fiber sheets to be laminated when molding the sliding member. As a result, there is an advantage that the cost for producing the molded product can be suppressed.
Further, the sheet for molding a sliding member according to the present embodiment has an advantage that the fiber sheet has a basis weight of 1,000 g / m 2 or less, so that it can be easily molded into a mold shape.
本実施形態に係る摺動部材は、前記摺動部材成形用シートが加熱加圧成形された成形体を有する。
本実施形態に係る摺動部材は、ブッシュ形状（円筒状やドーナツ状）となっていてもよく、また、平板状となっていてもよい。
本実施形態に係る摺動部材は、軸受、シール部材、歯車等の機械部品として用いることができる。例えば、本実施形態に係る摺動部材は、ブッシュ形状に成形することで軸受として用いることができる。
The sliding member according to the present embodiment has a molded body in which the sliding member molding sheet is heat-press molded.
The sliding member according to the present embodiment may have a bush shape (cylindrical shape or donut shape) or a flat plate shape.
The sliding member according to this embodiment can be used as a mechanical part such as a bearing, a seal member, and a gear. For example, the sliding member according to this embodiment can be used as a bearing by forming it into a bush shape.
本実施形態に係る摺動部材は、内周面又は外周面の少なくとも一方が前記摺動部材成形用シートで形成されたブッシュ形状となっている場合には、前記補強繊維が前記内周面又は前記外周面の周方向となるように配向されていることが好ましく、言い換えれば、前記補強繊維の延びる方向が前記内周面又は前記外周面の周方向となるように前記補強繊維が配されていることが好ましい。
本実施形態に係る摺動部材は、斯かる構成を有することにより、前記周方向への熱膨張を抑制できるという利点を有する。すなわち、本実施形態に係る摺動部材は、斯かる構成を有することにより、温度上昇による膨張を抑制でき、相手材とのクリアランスが小さくなるのを抑制できる。その結果、本実施形態に係る摺動部材は、異常摩耗を起こす危険性を低減できる。
In the sliding member according to the present embodiment, when at least one of the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface has a bush shape formed of the sliding member molding sheet, the reinforcing fiber is the inner peripheral surface or the inner peripheral surface or the sliding member. It is preferable that the reinforcing fibers are oriented in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface, in other words, the reinforcing fibers are arranged so that the extending direction of the reinforcing fibers is the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface or the outer peripheral surface. It is preferable to have.
The sliding member according to the present embodiment has an advantage that thermal expansion in the circumferential direction can be suppressed by having such a configuration. That is, by having such a configuration, the sliding member according to the present embodiment can suppress expansion due to a temperature rise and can suppress a decrease in clearance with the mating material. As a result, the sliding member according to the present embodiment can reduce the risk of causing abnormal wear.
本実施形態に係る摺動部材の製造方法では、前記摺動部材成形用シートを加熱加圧成形して成形体を得、該成形体を有する摺動部材を得る。 In the method for manufacturing a sliding member according to the present embodiment, the sliding member molding sheet is heat-press molded to obtain a molded body, and a sliding member having the molded body is obtained.
本実施形態に係る摺動部材の製造方法では、前記摺動部材成形用シートの前記熱可塑性樹脂の融点以上に加熱しつつ、前記摺動部材成形用シートを加圧することで前記成形体を成形することができる。
前記成形方法としては、プレス成形、ロール成形、オートクレーブ成形、真空成形等が挙げられる。
In the method for manufacturing a sliding member according to the present embodiment, the molded body is molded by pressurizing the sliding member molding sheet while heating the sliding member molding sheet to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the thermoplastic resin. can do.
Examples of the molding method include press molding, roll molding, autoclave molding, vacuum forming and the like.
本実施形態に係る摺動部材の製造方法では、平板状の摺動部材を作製するには、まず、摺動部材成形用シートを複数枚積層する。そして、前記摺動部材成形用シートの前記熱可塑性樹脂の融点以上に加熱しつつ、金型を用いて前記摺動部材成形用シートを加圧することで前記成形体を得ることができる。
また、本実施形態に係る摺動部材の製造方法では、ブッシュ形状となる摺動部材を作製するには、まず、摺動部材成形用シートを円筒状の型に巻き付ける。そして、前記摺動部材成形用シートの前記熱可塑性樹脂の融点以上に加熱しつつ、金型を用いて前記摺動部材成形用シートを加圧することで前記成形体を得ることができる。
In the method for manufacturing a sliding member according to the present embodiment, in order to produce a flat plate-shaped sliding member, first, a plurality of sliding member molding sheets are laminated. Then, the molded product can be obtained by pressurizing the sliding member molding sheet with a mold while heating the sliding member molding sheet to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the thermoplastic resin.
Further, in the method for manufacturing a sliding member according to the present embodiment, in order to produce a sliding member having a bush shape, first, a sliding member molding sheet is wound around a cylindrical mold. Then, the molded product can be obtained by pressurizing the sliding member molding sheet with a mold while heating the sliding member molding sheet to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the thermoplastic resin.
本実施形態に係る摺動部材成形用シート、摺動部材、及び、その製造方法は、上記のように構成されているので、以下の利点を有するものである。 Since the sliding member molding sheet, the sliding member, and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present embodiment are configured as described above, they have the following advantages.
即ち、本実施形態に係る摺動部材成形用シートは、繊維強化プラスチックで形成された摺動面を有する摺動部材の形成に用いられる。また、本実施形態に係る摺動部材成形用シートは、補強繊維と、熱可塑性樹脂を含有するマトリックス樹脂とを含む前記摺動面を形成すべく用いられる。
さらに、本実施形態に係る摺動部材成形用シートは、第１連続繊維と、第２連続繊維とを含む少なくとも２種類以上の連続繊維で構成された繊維シートである。
前記第１連続繊維は、前記補強繊維である。
前記第２連続繊維は、前記マトリックス樹脂となる前記熱可塑性樹脂を含む連続繊維である。
斯かる摺動部材成形用シートは、マトリックス樹脂となる樹脂を連続繊維の状態で含んだ繊維シートであるため、マトリックス樹脂で繊維同士が接着され拘束されてしまうことを抑制できる。
そのため、斯かる摺動部材成形用シートは、従来のプリプレグシートを用いるような場合に比べて成形加工における作業性を向上させ得る。
また、斯かる摺動部材成形用シートは、マトリックス樹脂となる樹脂が熱可塑性を有することから、摺動部材の形成時には、この連続繊維を溶融させて繊維間に含浸させ得る。
しかも、斯かる摺動部材成形用シートで形成された摺動部材は、補強繊維が連続繊維であるため、使用時における摺動面からの補強繊維の脱落を抑制でき、優れた耐摩耗性が発揮され得る。
斯かる摺動部材成形用シートで形成された摺動部材は、耐摩耗性が向上されることで、摺動部材が用いられる装置のメンテナンス頻度を低減できるという利点も有する。
That is, the sliding member molding sheet according to the present embodiment is used for forming a sliding member having a sliding surface made of fiber reinforced plastic. Further, the sliding member molding sheet according to the present embodiment is used to form the sliding surface containing the reinforcing fiber and the matrix resin containing the thermoplastic resin.
Further, the sliding member molding sheet according to the present embodiment is a fiber sheet composed of at least two or more types of continuous fibers including the first continuous fiber and the second continuous fiber.
The first continuous fiber is the reinforcing fiber.
The second continuous fiber is a continuous fiber containing the thermoplastic resin to be the matrix resin.
Since such a sliding member molding sheet is a fiber sheet containing a resin to be a matrix resin in the state of continuous fibers, it is possible to prevent the fibers from being bonded and restrained by the matrix resin.
Therefore, such a sliding member molding sheet can improve workability in the molding process as compared with the case where a conventional prepreg sheet is used.
Further, in such a sliding member molding sheet, since the resin to be the matrix resin has thermoplasticity, the continuous fibers can be melted and impregnated between the fibers at the time of forming the sliding member.
Moreover, since the reinforcing fibers of the sliding member formed of the sliding member molding sheet are continuous fibers, it is possible to suppress the reinforcing fibers from falling off from the sliding surface during use, and the sliding member has excellent wear resistance. Can be demonstrated.
The sliding member formed of such a sliding member molding sheet also has an advantage that the maintenance frequency of the device in which the sliding member is used can be reduced by improving the wear resistance.
また、本実施形態に係る摺動部材成形用シートは、補強繊維と熱可塑性樹脂繊維が隣接していることから、含浸距離が近くなり、前記第２連続繊維の熱可塑性樹脂を溶融させた際に、第１連続繊維にマトリックス樹脂となる熱可塑性樹脂が含浸されやすくなる利点を有する。
従って、本実施形態に係る摺動部材成形用シートは、成形体において補強繊維や熱可塑性樹脂の疎密を抑制できるため、摩擦係数の変動を抑制できる利点もある。
特に、本実施形態に係る摺動部材成形用シートは、第１連続繊維糸が複数の第１連続繊維で構成されている場合には、第１連続繊維糸の内部に熱可塑性繊維が入り込みやすく、前記第１連続繊維糸にマトリックス樹脂となる熱可塑性樹脂がより一層含浸されやすくなる利点を有する。
Further, in the sliding member molding sheet according to the present embodiment, since the reinforcing fibers and the thermoplastic resin fibers are adjacent to each other, the impregnation distance becomes short and the thermoplastic resin of the second continuous fiber is melted. In addition, the first continuous fiber has an advantage that it is easily impregnated with a thermoplastic resin serving as a matrix resin.
Therefore, the sheet for molding a sliding member according to the present embodiment has an advantage that the fluctuation of the friction coefficient can be suppressed because the densification of the reinforcing fibers and the thermoplastic resin can be suppressed in the molded body.
In particular, in the sliding member molding sheet according to the present embodiment, when the first continuous fiber thread is composed of a plurality of first continuous fiber threads, the thermoplastic fiber easily enters the inside of the first continuous fiber thread. The first continuous fiber yarn has an advantage that the thermoplastic resin serving as a matrix resin is more easily impregnated.
なお、本発明に係る摺動部材成形用シート、摺動部材、及び、その製造方法は、上記実施形態に限定されるものではない。また、本発明に係る摺動部材成形用シート、摺動部材、及び、その製造方法は、上記した作用効果に限定されるものでもない。本発明に係る摺動部材成形用シート、摺動部材、及び、その製造方法は、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変更が可能である。 The sliding member molding sheet, the sliding member, and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiment. Further, the sliding member molding sheet, the sliding member, and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned effects. The sliding member molding sheet, the sliding member, and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention can be variously changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.
例えば、本実施形態に係る摺動部材形成用シートでは、前記第３連続繊維がフッ素樹脂繊維であるが、本発明に係る摺動部材形成用シートでは、前記第３連続繊維がフッ素樹脂繊維以外の機能性繊維であってもよい。
フッ素樹脂繊維以外の機能性繊維としては、例えば、優れた導電性を摺動部材に付与できる繊維として、繊維に銀をメッキした銀繊維（例えば、商品名ＡＧｐｏｓｓ（ミツフジ（株）製））が挙げられる。優れた導電性が付与された摺動部材は、接触インピーダンスを測定する機器の部材として用いることができ、その結果、機器に生体センサー機能を付与する事が出来る。
For example, in the sliding member forming sheet according to the present invention, the third continuous fiber is a fluororesin fiber, but in the sliding member forming sheet according to the present invention, the third continuous fiber is other than the fluororesin fiber. It may be a functional fiber of.
As functional fibers other than fluororesin fibers, for example, silver fibers plated with silver (for example, trade name AGposs (manufactured by Mitsufuji Co., Ltd.)) are used as fibers capable of imparting excellent conductivity to sliding members. Can be mentioned. A sliding member to which excellent conductivity is imparted can be used as a member of a device for measuring contact impedance, and as a result, a biosensor function can be imparted to the device.
また、優れた吸油性を摺動部材に付与できる機能性繊維としては、レーヨン（例えば、ビスコースレーヨン）等が挙げられる。
ビスコースレーヨンは、植物原料（例えば、セルロース）をアルカリ（水酸化ナトリウム等）及び二硫化炭素と反応させてアルカリ水溶液（ビスコース）を得、ビスコースを口金から酸性水溶液（硫酸水溶液など）中に押し出して紡糸することにより製造される（湿式紡糸法）。
ビスコースレーヨンに油を含浸させる方法としては、油を含んだビスコースを得た後に、前記紡糸を実施する方法が挙げられる。また、ビスコースは、乳化液を含んでいてもよい。
Further, examples of the functional fiber capable of imparting excellent oil absorption to the sliding member include rayon (for example, viscose rayon) and the like.
In viscose rayon, a plant material (for example, cellulose) is reacted with an alkali (sodium hydroxide, etc.) and carbon disulfide to obtain an alkaline aqueous solution (viscose), and the viscose is put into an acidic aqueous solution (sulfuric acid aqueous solution, etc.) from the mouthpiece. Manufactured by extruding and spinning (wet spinning method).
Examples of the method of impregnating viscose rayon with oil include a method of performing the spinning after obtaining viscose containing oil. The viscose may also contain an emulsion.
さらに、優れた磁性特性を前記補強繊維よりも摺動部材に付与できる機能性繊維としては、繊維に磁性粉を定着させた磁性粉繊維が挙げられる。
前記磁性粉としては、フェライト（マグネタイト、マグヘマイト、ヘマタイト、Ｍｎ−Ｚｎフェライト、Ｎｉ−Ｚｎフェライト、Ｎｉ−Ｃｕ−Ｚｎフェライト、Ｎｉ−Ｍｇフェライト、Ｃｕ−Ｚｎフェライト、バリウムフェライト、Ｎｉフェライト、Ｌｉフェライト、Ｇａフェライト等）の粉末、鉄・シリコン合金系磁性粉、サマリウム・コバルト合金系磁性粉、ネオジウム−鉄−ホウ素系磁性粉などが挙げられる。
Further, as a functional fiber capable of imparting excellent magnetic properties to the sliding member more than the reinforcing fiber, a magnetic powder fiber in which magnetic powder is fixed on the fiber can be mentioned.
Examples of the magnetic powder include ferrites (magnetite, maghemite, hematite, Mn-Zn ferrite, Ni-Zn ferrite, Ni-Cu-Zn ferrite, Ni-Mg ferrite, Cu-Zn ferrite, barium ferrite, Ni ferrite, Li ferrite, etc. (Ga ferrite, etc.) powder, iron / silicon alloy-based magnetic powder, samarium-cobalt alloy-based magnetic powder, neodium-iron-boron-based magnetic powder, and the like can be mentioned.
また、本実施形態に係る摺動部材成形用シートでは、繊維シートが第３連続繊維を備えてなるが、本発明に係る摺動部材成形用シートでは、繊維シートが第１連続繊維と第２連続繊維とを含む少なくとも２種類以上の連続繊維で構成されていれば、第３連続繊維を備えない態様であってもよい。 Further, in the sliding member molding sheet according to the present invention, the fiber sheet includes the third continuous fiber, but in the sliding member molding sheet according to the present invention, the fiber sheet includes the first continuous fiber and the second continuous fiber. As long as it is composed of at least two types of continuous fibers including continuous fibers, the mode may not include the third continuous fiber.
次に、実施例および比較例を挙げて本発明についてさらに具体的に説明する。 Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.
（実施例１）
補強繊維たる炭素繊維（ＣＦ）の連続繊維で形成された糸（トレカ（登録商標）Ｔ３００−３０００、東レ社製）（フィラメント数：３０００本、総繊度：１９８０ｄｔｅｘ）と、熱可塑性樹脂繊維たるポリエーテルイミド（ＰＥＩ）繊維の連続繊維で形成された糸（マルチフィラメント６００ｆ、クラレ社製）（フィラメント数：６００本、総繊度：１３２０ｄｔｅｘ）との撚り糸を編んで、実施例１の摺動部材形成用シートたる平編の編物を作製した。
得られた編物は以下のとおりであった。
縦方向密度（度目）：６目／半インチ
横方向密度（度目）：５目／半インチ
目付け：６００ｇ／ｍ２
炭素繊維（ＣＦ）の連続繊維で形成された糸の体積と、ポリエーテルイミド（ＰＥＩ）繊維の連続繊維で形成された糸の体積との比 ＝ ５０：５０
次に、編物を金型に配置し、電気炉で室温から３３０℃まで３時間かけて昇温しながら編物を加熱し、その後、３３０℃で３時間編物を加熱した。
そして、加熱された編物をプレス装置にて３０ＭＰａで３０分間加圧することで成形体を得た。成形体を二次加工することで、ピン形状の試験片を得た。
(Example 1)
A thread (Treca (registered trademark) T300-3000, manufactured by Toray Co., Ltd.) (number of filaments: 3000, total fineness: 1980 dtex) formed of continuous fibers of carbon fiber (CF), which is a reinforcing fiber, and poly, which is a thermoplastic resin fiber. The sliding member of Example 1 is formed by knitting a twisted yarn with a yarn (multifilament 600f, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) (number of filaments: 600, total fineness: 1320dtex) formed of continuous fibers of etherimide (PEI) fiber. A flat knitted fabric, which is a sheet for use, was produced.
The knitted fabrics obtained were as follows.
Vertical density (degrees): 6 stitches / half inch Horizontal density (degrees): 5 stitches / half inch Scale: 600 g / m 2
Ratio of the volume of yarn formed of continuous carbon fiber (CF) fibers to the volume of yarn formed of continuous fibers of polyetherimide (PEI) fiber = 50:50
Next, the knitted fabric was placed in a mold, and the knitted fabric was heated in an electric furnace while raising the temperature from room temperature to 330 ° C. over 3 hours, and then the knitted fabric was heated at 330 ° C. for 3 hours.
Then, the heated knitted fabric was pressed with a press device at 30 MPa for 30 minutes to obtain a molded product. By secondary processing the molded product, a pin-shaped test piece was obtained.
（実施例２）
補強繊維たる炭素繊維（ＣＦ）の連続繊維で形成された糸（テナックスＨＴＳ４０、東邦テナックス社製）（フィラメント数：３０００本、総繊度：２０００ｄｔｅｘ）たる経糸と、熱可塑性樹脂繊維たるポリエーテルイミド（ＰＥＩ）繊維の連続繊維で形成された糸（マルチフィラメント１２００ｆ、クラレ社製）（フィラメント数：１２００本、総繊度：２６４０ｄｔｅｘ）、及び、機能性繊維（フッ素樹脂繊維）たるポリテトラフルオロエチレン（ＰＴＦＥ）の連続繊維で形成された糸（トヨフロン（登録商標）、東レ社製）（繊度：４４０ｄｔｅｘ）の撚り糸たる緯糸を織って、実施例２の摺動部材形成用シートたる平織の織物を作製した。
得られた織物は以下のとおりであった。
縦糸密度：１３．５本／インチ
横糸密度：１４本／インチ
目付け：３００ｇ／ｍ２
炭素繊維（ＣＦ）の連続繊維で形成された糸の体積：ポリエーテルイミド（ＰＥＩ）繊維の連続繊維で形成された糸の体積：ポリテトラフルオロエチレン（ＰＴＦＥ）の連続繊維で形成された糸の体積 ＝ ４０：５２：８
次に、織物を金型に配置し、電気炉で室温から３３０℃まで３時間かけて昇温しながら織物を加熱し、その後、３３０℃で３時間織物を加熱した。
そして、加熱された織物をプレス装置にて３０ＭＰａで３０分間加圧することで成形体を得た。成形体を二次加工することで、ピン形状の試験片を得た。
(Example 2)
Warp yarns made of continuous fibers of carbon fibers (CF), which are reinforcing fibers (Tenax HTS40, manufactured by Toho Tenax Co., Ltd.) (number of filaments: 3000, total fineness: 2000 dtex), and polyetherimide (thermoplastic resin fibers). Thread (multifilament 1200f, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) (number of filaments: 1200, total fineness: 2640dtex) formed of continuous fibers of PEI) fiber, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) which is a functional fiber (fluororesin fiber). ) (Toyoflon (registered trademark), manufactured by Toray Co., Ltd.) (fineness: 440 dtex) twisted wefts were woven to prepare a plain woven fabric as a sheet for forming a sliding member according to Example 2. ..
The obtained woven fabric was as follows.
Warp density: 13.5 threads / inch Weft density: 14 threads / inch Metsuke: 300 g / m 2
Volume of yarn formed of continuous carbon fiber (CF) fibers: Volume of yarn formed of continuous fibers of polyetherimide (PEI) fiber: Of yarn formed of continuous fibers of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Volume = 40:52: 8
Next, the woven fabric was placed in a mold, and the woven fabric was heated while raising the temperature from room temperature to 330 ° C. for 3 hours in an electric furnace, and then the woven fabric was heated at 330 ° C. for 3 hours.
Then, the heated woven fabric was pressed with a press device at 30 MPa for 30 minutes to obtain a molded product. By secondary processing the molded product, a pin-shaped test piece was obtained.
（比較例１）
補強繊維たる炭素繊維のチョップドファイバー（短繊維）と、熱可塑性樹脂たるポリエーテルエーテルケトン（ＰＥＥＫ）の粉末と、フッ素樹脂たるポリテトラフルオロエチレン（ＰＴＦＥ）の粉末とを金型に配置し、電気炉で室温から３８０℃まで３時間かけて昇温しながら加熱し、その後、３８０℃で３時間加熱した。
そして、溶融物をプレス装置にて３０ＭＰａで３０分間加圧することで成形体を得た。成形体を二次加工することで、ピン形状の試験片を得た。
なお、金型に配置した材料の比率は以下のとおりである。
炭素繊維のチョップドファイバー（短繊維）の体積：ポリエーテルエーテルケトン（ＰＥＥＫ）の粉末の体積：ポリテトラフルオロエチレン（ＰＴＦＥ）の粉末の体積
＝ ２０：７０：１０
(Comparative Example 1)
A chopped fiber (short fiber) of carbon fiber which is a reinforcing fiber, a powder of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) which is a thermoplastic resin, and a powder of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) which is a fluororesin are placed in a mold, and electricity is applied. It was heated in a furnace from room temperature to 380 ° C. for 3 hours while raising the temperature, and then heated at 380 ° C. for 3 hours.
Then, the melt was pressed with a press device at 30 MPa for 30 minutes to obtain a molded product. By secondary processing the molded product, a pin-shaped test piece was obtained.
The ratio of the materials placed in the mold is as follows.
Volume of carbon fiber chopped fiber (short fiber): Volume of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) powder: Volume of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) powder
= 20:70:10
（比較例２）
補強繊維たる炭素繊維の連続繊維で構成された織物と熱可塑性樹脂たるポリフェニレンサルファイド（ＰＰＳ）のフィルムとを積層したもの（積層物）を金型に配置し、電気炉で室温から３１５℃まで３時間かけて昇温しながら積層物を加熱し、その後、３１５℃で３時間積層物を加熱した。
そして、加熱された積層物をプレス装置にて３０ＭＰａで３０分間加圧することで成形体を得た。成形体を二次加工することで、ピン形状の試験片を得た。
なお、金型に配置した材料の比率は以下のとおりである。
炭素繊維の体積：ポリフェニレンサルファイド（ＰＰＳ）のフィルムの体積
＝ ２６：７４
(Comparative Example 2)
A woven fabric composed of continuous fibers of carbon fibers, which are reinforcing fibers, and a film of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), which is a thermoplastic resin, are laminated (laminate) in a mold and placed in an electric furnace from room temperature to 315 ° C. 3 The laminate was heated while raising the temperature over time, and then the laminate was heated at 315 ° C. for 3 hours.
Then, the heated laminate was pressed with a press device at 30 MPa for 30 minutes to obtain a molded product. By secondary processing the molded product, a pin-shaped test piece was obtained.
The ratio of the materials placed in the mold is as follows.
Volume of carbon fiber: Volume of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) film = 26:74
＜摺動特性試験＞
実施例及び比較例のピン形状の試験片について、ピンオンディスク試験により摺動特性の評価を、下記の条件、及び、下記表１の条件で行った。結果を下記表１に示す。
試験片の形状：ピン形状（直径：５ｍｍ）
相手材：炭素鋼 Ｓ４５Ｃ（Ｒａ＝０．３〜０．４μｍ）
温度：室温
潤滑：無潤滑
試験時間：２０時間
摩擦係数の測定頻度：試験開始１０分までは、３６０回／時間
試験開始１０分以降は、１２回／時間
<Sliding property test>
The sliding characteristics of the pin-shaped test pieces of Examples and Comparative Examples were evaluated by a pin-on-disc test under the following conditions and the conditions shown in Table 1 below. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
Specimen shape: Pin shape (diameter: 5 mm)
Mating material: Carbon steel S45C (Ra = 0.3 to 0.4 μm)
Temperature: Room temperature Lubrication: No lubrication Test time: 20 hours Frequency of friction coefficient measurement: 360 times / hour up to 10 minutes after the start of the test
12 times / hour after 10 minutes from the start of the test
表１に示すように、本発明の範囲内の実施例１、２の摺動部材形成用シートで形成された成形体（実施例１、２の成形体）では、比較例１、２の成形体に比べて、摩耗量が小さかった。さらに、機能性繊維であるフッ素樹脂繊維（ＰＴＦＥ繊維）を有する実施例２の成形体では、実施例１の成形体に比べて、摩擦係数が低かった。
実施例１、２の成形体では比較例１の成形体に比べて摩耗量が小さかった理由は以下の理由と考えられる。すなわち、比較例１の成形体では、相手材と摺動している間に補強繊維たる短繊維が脱落し、短繊維が脱落した箇所が欠けやすくなり、摩耗が進行しやすくなるが、実施例１、２の成形体では補強繊維が脱落し難い構成となっており、摩耗が進行し難いものとなっているからであると考えられる。
また、実施例１、２の成形体では比較例２の成形体に比べて摩耗量が小さかった理由は以下の理由と考えられる。すなわち、比較例２の成形体では補強繊維の連続繊維で構成された織物に熱可塑性樹脂が十分に含浸しなかったことにより、熱可塑性樹脂が主に存在し補強繊維で補強されていない箇所や、反対に、補強繊維が主に存在し熱可塑性樹脂が十分には含浸されていない箇所で摩耗が進行しやすくなると考えられる。一方で、実施例１、２の摺動部材形成用シートでは補強繊維の近くに熱可塑性樹脂繊維が存在することから含浸距離が近くなり、その結果、実施例１、２の成形体では、熱可塑性樹脂が十分に含浸したことにより、摩耗が進行し難いものとなっているからであると考えられる。また、実施例１、２の成形体と比較例２の成形体とのこのような構造の違いにより、実施例１、２の成形体では安定した摩擦係数を示したが、比較例２の成形体では摩擦係数が激しく変動し安定しなかったものと考えられる。
従って、本発明によれば、耐摩耗性に優れた摺動部材を作製し得る。
As shown in Table 1, in the molded body (molded body of Examples 1 and 2) formed of the sliding member forming sheet of Examples 1 and 2 within the scope of the present invention, the molding of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 is performed. The amount of wear was smaller than that of the body. Further, the molded product of Example 2 having the fluororesin fiber (PTFE fiber) which is a functional fiber had a lower coefficient of friction than the molded product of Example 1.
The reason why the amount of wear of the molded products of Examples 1 and 2 was smaller than that of the molded product of Comparative Example 1 is considered to be as follows. That is, in the molded body of Comparative Example 1, short fibers, which are reinforcing fibers, fall off while sliding with the mating material, and the portion where the short fibers fall off is likely to be chipped, and wear is likely to proceed. It is considered that this is because the reinforcing fibers of the molded bodies 1 and 2 are hard to fall off, and the wear is hard to proceed.
Further, it is considered that the reason why the amount of wear of the molded products of Examples 1 and 2 was smaller than that of the molded product of Comparative Example 2 is as follows. That is, in the molded body of Comparative Example 2, the woven fabric composed of the continuous fibers of the reinforcing fibers was not sufficiently impregnated with the thermoplastic resin, so that the thermoplastic resin was mainly present and not reinforced by the reinforcing fibers. On the contrary, it is considered that the wear is likely to proceed in the place where the reinforcing fiber is mainly present and the thermoplastic resin is not sufficiently impregnated. On the other hand, since the thermoplastic resin fibers are present near the reinforcing fibers in the sliding member forming sheets of Examples 1 and 2, the impregnation distance becomes short, and as a result, the molded bodies of Examples 1 and 2 are heated. It is considered that this is because the plastic resin is sufficiently impregnated so that the wear does not easily proceed. Further, due to such a difference in structure between the molded product of Examples 1 and 2 and the molded product of Comparative Example 2, a stable friction coefficient was shown in the molded product of Examples 1 and 2, but the molding of Comparative Example 2 was performed. It is probable that the coefficient of friction fluctuated sharply in the body and was not stable.
Therefore, according to the present invention, a sliding member having excellent wear resistance can be produced.
Claims (6)
補強繊維と、熱可塑性樹脂を含有するマトリックス樹脂とを含む前記摺動面を形成すべく用いられ、
第１連続繊維と、第２連続繊維とを含む少なくとも２種類以上の連続繊維で構成された繊維シートであり、
前記第１連続繊維が前記補強繊維であり、
前記第２連続繊維は、前記マトリックス樹脂となる前記熱可塑性樹脂を含む連続繊維であり、
前記繊維シートは、芯糸と、該芯糸に巻きかけられた巻糸とを有するカバードヤーンを備え、
前記芯糸が複数の前記第１連続繊維で構成され、
前記巻糸が１又は２以上の前記第２連続繊維で構成されている、摺動部材成形用シート。 Used for forming sliding members with sliding surfaces made of fiber reinforced plastic,
It is used to form the sliding surface containing the reinforcing fiber and the matrix resin containing the thermoplastic resin.
A fiber sheet composed of at least two types of continuous fibers including a first continuous fiber and a second continuous fiber.
The first continuous fiber is the reinforcing fiber,
The second continuous fibers, Ri continuous fibers der containing the thermoplastic resin serving as the matrix resin,
The fiber sheet comprises a covered yarn having a core yarn and a winding yarn wound around the core yarn.
The core yarn is composed of a plurality of the first continuous fibers.
A sheet for forming a sliding member, wherein the winding yarn is composed of one or more of the second continuous fibers.
前記第１連続繊維と、前記第２連続繊維とを含む織物、
前記第１連続繊維と、前記第２連続繊維とを含む編物、及び、
前記第１連続繊維と、前記第２連続繊維とが交絡した不織布の内の何れかである、請求項１に記載の摺動部材成形用シート。 The fiber sheet is
A woven fabric containing the first continuous fiber and the second continuous fiber.
A knit containing the first continuous fiber and the second continuous fiber, and
Wherein a first continuous fibers, the second and the continuous fibers is either of the entangled nonwoven fabric, a sliding member molded sheet according to claim 1.
前記補強繊維が周方向となるように配向されている、請求項４に記載の摺動部材。 At least one of the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface has a bush shape formed of the sliding member molding sheet.
The sliding member according to claim 4 , wherein the reinforcing fibers are oriented in the circumferential direction.
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