JP6857433B2 - 二酸化炭素回収のための溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池アノード排気の後処理 - Google Patents
二酸化炭素回収のための溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池アノード排気の後処理 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 71
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 122
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 70
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 62
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 73
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 73
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000001408 Carbon monoxide poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
本願は、2016年4月21日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/325,711号の優先権を主張するものであり、これにより、この特許の内容全体を参照によって本願明細書に引用したものとする。
Claims (14)
- 燃料電池システムであって、
第1のアノードと第1のカソードとを備える第1の燃料電池であって、前記第1のアノードは第1のアノード排ガスを放出するように構成される、第1の燃料電池と、
前記第1のアノード排ガスと第1の空気源からの空気とを受け取り、前記第1のアノード排ガスと前記空気とを選択的酸化反応で反応させて、酸化ガスを放出するように構成された第1の酸化装置と、
電気化学水素分離装置として機能するように構成された第2の燃料電池であって、
前記第1の酸化装置から前記酸化ガスを受け取り、第2のアノード排ガスを放出するように構成された第2のアノード、および
水素流を放出するように構成された第2のカソード
を備える第2の燃料電池と、
前記第2のアノード排ガスを受け取り、水とCO2とを分離して放出するように構成された凝縮器と、
前記凝縮器から放出された前記CO 2 を受け取って液化するように構成された圧縮機と
を備える、燃料電池システム。 - 請求項1に記載の燃料電池システムであって、
前記第2のカソードからの前記水素流の第1の部分と第2の空気源からの空気とを受け取り、酸化水素流を放出するように構成された第2の酸化装置をさらに備える、燃料電池システム。 - 請求項2に記載の燃料電池システムであって、
前記酸化水素流から熱を受け取り、前記第1のカソードによって受け取られるカソード入口流に伝達するように構成された熱交換器をさらに備える、燃料電池システム。 - 請求項2に記載の燃料電池システムであって、
前記第1のアノードは、前記第2のカソードからの前記水素流の第2の部分を受け取るように構成される、燃料電池システム。 - 請求項1に記載の燃料電池システムであって、
前記第1のアノード排ガスを受け取って冷却して、第1の部分冷却ガスを放出するように構成された第1の熱交換器と、
前記第1の部分冷却ガスを受け取り、前記第1の部分冷却ガスに対して第1の温度で第1のCOシフト反応を実行し、第1のシフトガスを放出するように構成された第1のCOシフト反応器と、
前記第1のシフトガスを受け取って冷却して、第2の部分冷却ガスを放出するように構成された第2の熱交換器と、
前記第2の部分冷却ガスを受け取り、前記第2の部分冷却ガスに対して第2の温度で第2のCOシフト反応を実行し、第2のシフトガスを放出するように構成された第2のCOシフト反応器と、
前記第2のシフトガスを受け取って冷却して、冷却ガスを放出するように構成された第3の熱交換器と
をさらに備え、
前記第1の酸化装置で受け取られる前記第1のアノード排ガスは、前記第3の熱交換器から放出された冷却ガスであり、
前記第1の温度は、前記第2の温度より高い、燃料電池システム。 - 請求項1に記載の前記燃料電池システムにおいて燃料電池排気を処理する方法であって、
前記第1の酸化装置において、前記第1のアノードからの前記第1のアノード排ガスと前記第1の空気源からの空気とを受け取るステップと、
前記第1の酸化装置から前記酸化ガスを放出するステップと、
前記第2の燃料電池において、前記第2のアノードで前記酸化ガスを受け取り、前記酸化ガス中の水素を電気化学的に分離し、前記第2のカソードから前記水素流を放出し、前記第2のアノードから前記第2のアノード排ガスを放出するステップと
を含む、方法。 - 請求項6に記載の方法であって、前記方法は、
前記凝縮器において、前記第2のアノード排ガスを受け取り、前記第2のアノード排ガス中の水とCO2とを分離するステップ
をさらに含む、方法。 - 請求項6または7に記載の方法であって、前記方法は、
前記第2のアノードに前記酸化ガスを供給する前に、熱交換器内で前記酸化ガスを冷却するステップをさらに含む、方法。 - 請求項1に記載の前記燃料電池システムにおいて燃料電池排気を処理する方法であって、前記方法は、
前記第1の酸化装置において、前記第1のアノードからの前記第1のアノード排ガスと前記第1の空気源からの空気とを受け取るステップと、
前記第1の酸化装置から前記酸化ガスを放出するステップと、
前記第2の燃料電池において、前記第2のアノードで前記酸化ガスを受け取り、前記酸化ガス中の水素を電気化学的に分離し、前記第2のカソードから前記水素流を放出し、前記第2のアノードから前記第2のアノード排ガスを放出するステップと、
前記凝縮器において、前記第2のアノード排ガスを受け取り、前記第2のアノード排ガス中の水とCO2とを分離するステップと、
前記圧縮機において、前記凝縮器から前記CO2を受け取り、液化CO2を放出するステップと
を含む、方法。 - 請求項9に記載の方法であって、
前記第2のアノードに前記酸化ガスを供給する前に、熱交換器内で前記酸化ガスを冷却するステップをさらに含む、方法。 - 請求項5に記載の前記燃料電池システムにおいて燃料電池排気を処理する方法であって、前記方法は、
前記第1の酸化装置において、前記第1のアノードからの前記第1のアノード排ガスと前記第1の空気源からの空気とを受け取るステップと、
前記第1の酸化装置から前記酸化ガスを放出するステップと、
前記第2の燃料電池において、前記第2のアノードで前記酸化ガスを受け取り、前記酸化ガス中の水素を電気化学的に分離し、前記第2のカソードから前記水素流を放出し、前記第2のアノードから前記第2のアノード排ガスを放出するステップと、
前記第1の熱交換器において、前記第1のアノード排ガスを冷却して、前記第1の部分冷却ガスを放出するステップと、
前記第1のCOシフト反応器において、前記第1の部分冷却ガスに対して前記第1の温度で第1のCOシフト反応を実行し、前記第1のシフトガスを放出するステップと、
前記第2の熱交換器において、前記第1のシフトガスを冷却して、前記第2の部分冷却ガスを放出するステップと、
前記第2のCOシフト反応器において、前記第2の部分冷却ガスに対して前記第2の温度で第2のCOシフト反応を実行し、前記第2のシフトガスを放出するステップと、
前記第3の熱交換器において、前記第2のシフトガスを冷却して、前記冷却ガスを放出するステップと
をさらに含む、方法。 - 請求項11に記載の方法であって、
前記第2のアノードに前記酸化ガスを供給する前に、第4の熱交換器内で前記酸化ガスを冷却するステップをさらに含む、方法。 - 請求項2に記載の前記燃料電池システムにおいて燃料電池排気を処理する方法であって、前記方法は、
前記第1の酸化装置において、前記第1のアノードからの前記第1のアノード排ガスと前記第1の空気源からの空気とを受け取るステップと、
前記第1の酸化装置から前記酸化ガスを放出するステップと、
前記第2の燃料電池において、前記第2のアノードで前記酸化ガスを受け取り、前記酸化ガス中の水素を電気化学的に分離し、前記第2のカソードから前記水素流を放出し、前記第2のアノードから前記第2のアノード排ガスを放出するステップと、
前記第2の酸化装置において、前記水素流の前記第1の部分と前記第2の空気源からの空気とを受け取り、前記酸化水素流を放出するステップと、
前記酸化水素流からの熱を前記第1のカソードによって受け取られるカソード入口流に伝達するステップと
を含む、方法。 - 請求項13に記載の方法であって、
前記第2のアノードに前記酸化ガスを供給する前に、熱交換器内で前記酸化ガスを冷却するステップをさらに含む、方法。
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CA3021637C (en) | 2021-07-06 |
CA3117964A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
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CA3021637A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
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US11211625B2 (en) | 2021-12-28 |
US20190140295A1 (en) | 2019-05-09 |
EP3446349B1 (en) | 2021-03-17 |
CA3117964C (en) | 2023-10-17 |
WO2017184848A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
US11949135B2 (en) | 2024-04-02 |
KR20210013377A (ko) | 2021-02-03 |
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