JP6846745B2 - 非水電解質二次電池に用いる電極シートおよび非水電解質二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解質二次電池に用いる電極シートおよび非水電解質二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 27
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical group [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 69
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 69
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims 3
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
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- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- YZSKZXUDGLALTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li][C] Chemical compound [Li][C] YZSKZXUDGLALTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RINOYHWVBUKAQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-iodo-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1I RINOYHWVBUKAQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920008712 Copo Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910015182 FeOF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002099 LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEVMDWQCQITELQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-]B(O)O.[Li+].F.F.F.F Chemical compound [O-]B(O)O.[Li+].F.F.F.F WEVMDWQCQITELQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YLFIGGHWWPSIEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoxyl Chemical compound [O]N YLFIGGHWWPSIEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(fluorosulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(F)(=O)=O VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen(.) Chemical compound [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Description
更に、前記式(1)で示されるトリオキソトリアンギュレン誘導体と、カーボンナノチューブとを溶媒に分散させた後、当該分散液を2回以上濾過し、濾過後の残渣を乾燥させて、2以上の層からなる電極シートとする、非水電解質二次電池に用いる電極シートの製造方法を開発した。
本発明の一実施形態に係る非水電解質二次電池に用いる電極シートは、式(1)で示されるTOT誘導体と、CNT(carbon nanotube)とから構成される。
前記式(1)のTOT誘導体において、Xが1価の有機基である場合、Xとしては例えば、アルキル基、アリール基、アラルキル基、カルボキシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アミノ基、ヒドロキシル基、アシル基、ニトロ基、またはシアノ基などがあげられる。Xの分子量が小さいほうが電池単位体積あたりおよび単位重量あたりの充放電容量を大きくできるので、この観点から、Xとしては水素、ハロゲン、炭素数6以下のアルキル基またはアリール基が好ましく、分子量の最も小さい水素が最も好ましい。ハロゲンを選んだ場合、前記ハロゲンは臭素(Br)であってもよい。
TOT誘導体とCNTとを固体状態のまま、あるいは少量の溶媒の存在下で乳鉢、ボールミル、ホモジナイザー、ミキサーなどで撹拌混合する。または、両者を溶媒に分散させて撹拌装置、超音波照射装置、シェイカー、フィルミックス(登録商標)などを用いて撹拌混合する。
本発明の実施形態にかかる非水電解質二次電池として、リチウムイオン二次電池が挙げられる。リチウムイオン二次電池は、前記TOT誘導体とCNTとを含む電極シートを集電体の一面に接触させて成形して正極とし、それをセパレータを介して負極に対向させ、電極間に非水電解液を満たして封止することによって作製することができる。
多層CNT 1wt%エタノール分散液2.52gに、H3TOT 2.8mgを入れて超音波照射しながら1時間撹拌した。このようにして得られた混合分散液を50等分して、等分した各混合分散液を、それぞれ孔径0.2μmのメンブレンフィルターを通して減圧濾過し、フィルターの上に50層積み重ねた。その後この積み重ねられた濾過物を70℃/90分間乾燥させた。こうしてH3TOTが分散したCNTバッキーペーパー(Buckypaper)正極シートを作製した。
粉末状のグラファイト540mg、ポリフッ化ビニリデンの5wt%N−メチルピロリドン溶液1.2g、N−メチルピロリドン0.3mLを混合して遊星式攪拌機で10分間撹拌させた後、クリアランス30μmのバーコーターを用いて銅板上にキャストし120℃で1時間減圧乾燥した。これをロールプレス機で800kg/cm2の圧力でプレスして負極シートを作製した。
実施例1と同様にH3TOTを用いて正極シートを作製し、リチウム箔あるいは前記作製したプリドープ負極を、負極として用いて、実施例1と同様にリチウムイオン二次電池を製造し、評価した。
H3TOTの代わりにBr3TOTを用いて実施例1と同様に正極シートを作製し、リチウム箔またはプリドープ負極と組合せてリチウムイオン二次電池を製造し、東洋システムズ(株)製充放電試験機TOSCAT−3100を用いて充放電評価を実施した。作製条件および充放電条件の詳細を表2に、測定した放電特性を図30〜図41に示す。Br3TOTの場合もその含有量を増加させるに伴って放電容量の低下が認められるが、20Cの充放電速度においても良好なサイクル特性を示した。
H3TOTを用いて実施例1と同様に正極シートを作製し、プリドープ負極と組合せてリチウムイオン二次電池を製造した。この際、電解質として実施例43、45および47では2.0MのLiPF6を用い、他は1.0MのLiPF6を用いた。また電解液溶媒として実施例41、46および47ではエチレンカーボネート/ジエチルカーボネート(体積比1:1)、実施例43および45ではエチレンカーボネート/ジエチルカーボネート(体積比3:7)、実施例42および44ではエチレンカーボネート/ジメチルカーボネート(体積比3:7)を使用した。充放電評価は実施例41〜43、46および47は東洋システムズ(株)製充放電試験機TOSCAT−3100を使用し、実施例44および45は同TOSCAT−3300を使用した。作製条件および充放電条件の詳細を表3に、放電特性を図42〜図48に示す。
Claims (11)
- 前記Xは、水素、ハロゲン、炭素数6以下のアルキル基もしくはアリール基、またはこれらの組み合わせである、請求項1に記載の電極シート。
- 前記ハロゲンが臭素(X=Br)である、請求項2に記載の電極シート。
- 前記トリオキソトリアンギュレン誘導体が無置換体(X=H)である、請求項1または請求項2に記載の電極シート。
- 前記カーボンナノチューブが多層カーボンナノチューブである、請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の電極シート。
- バインダーを含まない、請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の電極シート。
- 請求項1から請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の電極シートを備えた非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記電極シートを正極として用いた、請求項8に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記非水電解質二次電池がリチウムイオン二次電池である、請求項8又は9に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記電極シートを正極として用い、負極がグラファイトにあらかじめリチウムを挿入させたプリドープ負極である、請求項10に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
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