JP6696055B2 - 複合管の製造方法 - Google Patents
複合管の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 66
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 iron chromium aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 75
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000953 kanthal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000399 optical microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/14—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
- B21C37/154—Making multi-wall tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
- B21D39/048—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods using presses for radially crimping tubular elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P11/00—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/30—Foil or other thin sheet-metal making or treating
- Y10T29/301—Method
- Y10T29/302—Clad or other composite foil or thin metal making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49838—Assembling or joining by stringing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49881—Assembling or joining of separate helix [e.g., screw thread]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
- Y10T29/5185—Tube making
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Description
・第二の合金の環状基礎部材を用意する工程であって、環状基礎部材が、環状基礎部材の長手軸に沿って延びる中央貫通孔を有し、かつ環状基礎部材が、雄ねじ止め部を有する工程、
・第一の合金の環状外部部材を用意する工程であって、環状外部部材が、環状基礎部材の雄ねじ止め部と係合するように構成された雌ねじ止め部を有する工程、
・環状外部部材の雌ねじ止め部が、環状基礎部材の雄ねじ止め部と係合するように、環状外部部材を環状基礎部材の周囲に取り付けることにより、ねじ止め部の間に機械的な連結部を形成して、管状半製品を形成する工程、
・機械的な連結を保ちながら、外部部材のねじ止め部と、基礎部材との間に金属接合部が形成される一方で、他方では半製品が引き伸ばされ、管状半製品の外径が減少することによって、複合管が形成される、管状半製品を熱間加工する工程。
本明細書において複合管とは、異なる合金の環状層(すなわち、第一の合金の環状外部層少なくとも1つ、及び第二の合金の環状内部層)を有する管と理解されるべきである。このような複合管は、一般的にはコンパウンドチューブとも呼ばれる。
第一の試行的な製造では、図3に示した実施態様による複合管を8つ作製した。第一の合金について8つの外部部材を、そして第二の合金について8つの基礎部材を形成した。この場合において第一の合金は、ASTM 304Lに準拠したオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼合金であった。重量%(wt%)で測定した第一の合金の組成が、表Iに開示されている。
第二の試行的な製造では、図3に示した実施態様による複合管を10個作製した。第一の合金について10個の外部部材を、そして第二の合金について10個の基礎部材を形成した。この場合に第一の合金は、Kanthal(登録商標)APMの商標で知られる鉄クロムアルミニウム(FeCrAl)合金であった。重量%(wt%)で測定した第一の合金の組成が、表IIIに開示されている。
Claims (13)
- 第一の合金の環状外部層(102,202)と、第二の合金の環状内部層(103,203)とで多層になった部分を少なくとも1つ有する複合管(101,201)を製造する方法において、以下の工程:
・第二の合金の環状基礎部材(301)を用意する工程であって、環状基礎部材(301)が、環状基礎部材(301)の長手軸(A)に沿って延びる中央貫通孔を有し、かつ環状基礎部材(301)が、雄ねじ止め部(302)を有する工程、
・第一の合金の環状外部部材(401)を用意する工程であって、環状外部部材(401)が、環状基礎部材(301)の雄ねじ止め部(302)と係合するように構成された雌ねじ止め部(402)を有する工程、
・環状外部部材(401)の雌ねじ止め部(402)が、環状基礎部材(301)の雄ねじ止め部(302)と係合するように、環状外部部材(401)を環状基礎部材(301)の周囲に取り付けることにより、ねじ止め部(302,402)の間に機械的な連結部を形成して、管状半製品(501)を形成する工程、
・機械的な連結を保ちながら、環状外部部材(401)のねじ止め部(302,402)と、環状基礎部材(301)との間に金属接合部が形成される一方で、他方では半製品(501)が引き伸ばされ、管状半製品(501)の外径が減少することによって、複合管(101,201)が形成される、半製品(501)を熱間加工する工程、
を含む、方法。 - 雄ねじ止め部(302)が、雌ねじ止め部(402)の軸延長部に対応する軸延長部を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 雄ねじ止め部(302)が、環状基礎部材(301)の端部に相当する、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 雄ねじ止め部(302)が、環状基礎部材(301)の隣接非ねじ止め部(303)よりも小さな外径(D2)を有する、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 雄ねじ止め部が、環状基礎部材の軸全長に沿って延びる、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 熱間加工する工程が、半製品(501)を、まず導入端部(503)で押出ダイを通じて押し出すことにより熱間押出成形することを含む、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 導入端部(503)は、環状外部部材(401)が環状基礎部材(301)の周囲に取り付けられている端部である、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 丸み付けされた導入端部(503)が形成されるように、押出成形前に導入端部(503)を機械加工することをさらに含む、請求項6又は7に記載の方法。
- 熱間押出成形後に、複合管(101,201)を矯正する工程をさらに含む、請求項6から8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 熱間押出成形後に、複合管(101,201)を酸洗及び/又はブラストする工程をさらに含む、請求項6から9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 管状半製品(501)を熱間加工する工程の前に、管状半製品(501)を予熱する工程をさらに含む、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 第一の合金が、ステンレス鋼合金、ニッケル基合金、鉄クロムアルミニウム合金、炭素鋼合金、ジルコニウム合金、アルミニウム合金、銅合金、又はチタン合金から選択される、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 第二の合金が、第一の合金とは異なる組成を有し、かつステンレス鋼合金、ニッケル基合金、鉄クロムアルミニウム合金、炭素鋼合金、ジルコニウム合金、アルミニウム合金、銅合金、又はチタン合金から選択される、請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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EP16206889 | 2016-12-23 | ||
EP16206889.4 | 2016-12-23 | ||
PCT/EP2017/084515 WO2018115502A1 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2017-12-22 | A method for manufacturing a composite tube |
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JP2020508873A JP2020508873A (ja) | 2020-03-26 |
JP6696055B2 true JP6696055B2 (ja) | 2020-05-20 |
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US (1) | US11054065B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3558555B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6696055B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102133142B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN110099758B (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2829337T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2018115502A1 (ja) |
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CN108890235B (zh) * | 2018-08-22 | 2023-05-05 | 江苏众信绿色管业科技有限公司 | 一种钢衬不锈钢沟槽件及其制造方法 |
US20220186569A1 (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2022-06-16 | National Oilwell Varco, L.P. | Wear resistant drill pipe |
CN111906147B (zh) * | 2020-07-02 | 2021-12-10 | 山西钢合力新材料科技有限公司 | 一种不锈钢复合管预处理方法 |
CN112122377A (zh) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-12-25 | 昆明理工大学 | 一种铜包铝复合材料半固态成形方法 |
CN112742891B (zh) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-12-13 | 湖南华翔医疗科技有限公司 | 一种医用可降解锌基复合管材的制备方法 |
CN113649695A (zh) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-16 | 东莞理工学院 | 一种管状金属防腐蚀处理装置及应用方法 |
CN114589465B (zh) * | 2022-03-16 | 2023-05-23 | 四川鑫鼎新材料有限公司 | 一种模铸复合板坯轧制刀具用复合带钢制备方法 |
WO2023219420A1 (ko) * | 2022-05-10 | 2023-11-16 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 로터리 킬른 |
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DE947063C (de) | 1941-12-28 | 1956-08-09 | Gustav Appel Maschinenfabrik | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Mehrlagenrohren auf Haemmermaschinen und Mehrlagenrohr |
GB897635A (en) | 1960-01-30 | 1962-05-30 | Howell & Company Ltd | Manufacture of composite metal tubes |
SE338294B (ja) * | 1968-01-03 | 1971-09-06 | Cnen | |
JPS5677041A (en) * | 1979-11-30 | 1981-06-25 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | Production of composite metal wire blank material |
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2017
- 2017-12-22 WO PCT/EP2017/084515 patent/WO2018115502A1/en unknown
- 2017-12-22 JP JP2019534355A patent/JP6696055B2/ja active Active
- 2017-12-22 CN CN201780079189.XA patent/CN110099758B/zh active Active
- 2017-12-22 ES ES17818591T patent/ES2829337T3/es active Active
- 2017-12-22 KR KR1020197017872A patent/KR102133142B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2017-12-22 US US16/472,461 patent/US11054065B2/en active Active
- 2017-12-22 EP EP17818591.4A patent/EP3558555B1/en active Active
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EP3558555A1 (en) | 2019-10-30 |
ES2829337T3 (es) | 2021-05-31 |
US20200408336A1 (en) | 2020-12-31 |
WO2018115502A1 (en) | 2018-06-28 |
US11054065B2 (en) | 2021-07-06 |
EP3558555B1 (en) | 2020-08-19 |
CN110099758B (zh) | 2022-03-08 |
KR20190076063A (ko) | 2019-07-01 |
JP2020508873A (ja) | 2020-03-26 |
KR102133142B1 (ko) | 2020-07-10 |
CN110099758A (zh) | 2019-08-06 |
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