JP6571960B2 - Swash plate compressor hemispherical shoe and swash plate compressor - Google Patents

Swash plate compressor hemispherical shoe and swash plate compressor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP6571960B2
JP6571960B2 JP2015061705A JP2015061705A JP6571960B2 JP 6571960 B2 JP6571960 B2 JP 6571960B2 JP 2015061705 A JP2015061705 A JP 2015061705A JP 2015061705 A JP2015061705 A JP 2015061705A JP 6571960 B2 JP6571960 B2 JP 6571960B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
swash plate
resin layer
hemispherical shoe
base material
shoe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP2015061705A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2016180384A (en
Inventor
友輔 土井
友輔 土井
福澤 覚
覚 福澤
石井 卓哉
卓哉 石井
法和 宗田
法和 宗田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NTN Corp
Original Assignee
NTN Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NTN Corp filed Critical NTN Corp
Priority to JP2015061705A priority Critical patent/JP6571960B2/en
Publication of JP2016180384A publication Critical patent/JP2016180384A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP6571960B2 publication Critical patent/JP6571960B2/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)

Description

本発明は、自動車用エアコンなどに用いられる斜板式コンプレッサにおいて、斜板とピストンとの間に介在して斜板の回転運動をピストンの往復運動に変換するための半球シューに関する。   The present invention relates to a hemispherical shoe for converting a rotary motion of a swash plate into a reciprocating motion of a piston interposed between a swash plate and a piston in a swash plate type compressor used for an air conditioner for automobiles and the like.

斜板式コンプレッサは、冷媒が存在するハウジング内で、回転軸に直接固定するように、または連結部材を介して間接的に、直角および斜めに取り付けた斜板に半球シューを摺動させ、この半球シューを介して斜板の回転運動をピストンの往復運動に変換して、冷媒を圧縮、膨張させるものである。このような斜板式コンプレッサには、両頭形のピストンを用いて冷媒を両側で圧縮、膨張させる両斜板タイプのものと、片頭形のピストンを用いて冷媒を片側のみで圧縮、膨張させる片斜板タイプのものとがある。また、半球シューは斜板の片側面のみで摺動するものと、斜板の両側面で摺動するものとがある。これらの斜板式コンプレッサでは、斜板と半球シューの摺動面に毎秒20m以上の大きな相対速度の滑りが発生して、半球シューは非常に過酷な環境で使用される。   The swash plate compressor slides a hemispherical shoe on a swash plate mounted at a right angle and obliquely so as to be directly fixed to a rotating shaft or indirectly through a connecting member in a housing where refrigerant exists. The rotational movement of the swash plate is converted into the reciprocating movement of the piston through the shoe to compress and expand the refrigerant. Such swash plate compressors include a double swash plate type that compresses and expands refrigerant on both sides using a double-headed piston, and a single-slope that compresses and expands refrigerant only on one side using a single-headed piston. There is a board type. In addition, the hemispherical shoes include those that slide only on one side of the swash plate and those that slide on both sides of the swash plate. In these swash plate type compressors, sliding with a large relative speed of 20 m or more per second occurs on the sliding surface of the swash plate and the hemispheric shoe, and the hemispheric shoe is used in a very severe environment.

また、潤滑については、潤滑油は冷媒に溶け込みながら薄められハウジング内を循環し、ミスト状となって摺動部に供給される。しかし、運転休止状態から運転を再開した場合において、液化した冷媒により潤滑油が洗い流されてしまい、運転開始時の斜板と半球シューとの摺動面は、潤滑油のないドライ状態となり、焼付きが発生しやすいという問題がある。   As for lubrication, the lubricating oil is diluted while dissolved in the refrigerant, circulates in the housing, and is supplied to the sliding portion in the form of a mist. However, when the operation is resumed from the operation suspension state, the lubricating oil is washed away by the liquefied refrigerant, and the sliding surface between the swash plate and the hemispherical shoe at the start of the operation becomes a dry state without the lubricating oil, and is burned. There is a problem that sticking is likely to occur.

この焼付きを防止する手段としては、例えば、斜板および半球シューの少なくとも摺動面にポリエーテルエーテルケトン(PEEK)樹脂被膜を静電粉体塗装法により直接形成したもの(特許文献1参照)、固体潤滑剤を含有する熱可塑性ポリイミド被膜を静電粉体塗装法により形成したもの(特許文献2参照)が提案されている。   As a means for preventing this seizure, for example, a polyether ether ketone (PEEK) resin film is directly formed on at least sliding surfaces of a swash plate and a hemispherical shoe by an electrostatic powder coating method (see Patent Document 1). There has been proposed a thermoplastic polyimide coating containing a solid lubricant formed by an electrostatic powder coating method (see Patent Document 2).

また、高速・高温条件において高い摺動性を確保するため、斜板、半球シューおよびピストンの少なくとも一の摺接部位にPEEK樹脂からなるバインダと、該バインダ中に分散された固体潤滑剤とからなる摺動層を形成したもの(特許文献3参照)が提案されている。また、斜板との摺動面が樹脂層からなり、球面部表面が半球シューの基材自体からなり、樹脂層の周方向厚さを変化させた半球シュー(特許文献4参照)が提案されている。   Further, in order to ensure high slidability under high speed and high temperature conditions, a binder made of PEEK resin at at least one sliding contact portion of the swash plate, hemispherical shoe and piston, and a solid lubricant dispersed in the binder The thing which formed the sliding layer which becomes (refer patent document 3) is proposed. Also proposed is a hemispherical shoe (see Patent Document 4) in which the sliding surface with the swash plate is made of a resin layer, the surface of the spherical surface is made of the base material of the hemispherical shoe, and the circumferential thickness of the resin layer is changed. ing.

特開2002−180964号公報JP 2002-180964 A 特開2003−049766号公報JP 2003-049766 A 特開2002−039062号公報JP 2002-039062 A 特開2014−202193号公報JP 2014-202193 A

特許文献1〜3に示す従来技術では、斜板と半球シューの潤滑特性の向上のために、上記したとおり、斜板や半球シューの摺動面を潤滑性被膜で形成する方法が提案されてきたが、現実には斜板への潤滑性被膜の形成はあっても、半球シューへの潤滑性被膜の形成は皆無であった。この理由は、斜板に比べて半球シューの摺動面積が小さいうえに、ピストンの球面座との摺動も受けるため、摩擦熱によって潤滑性被膜の耐久性が十分に得られていないということが推測される。   In the prior art shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3, a method for forming a sliding surface of a swash plate or a hemispherical shoe with a lubricating coating has been proposed as described above in order to improve the lubrication characteristics of the swash plate and the hemispherical shoe. However, in reality, there was no formation of a lubricious coating on the hemispherical shoe, even though a lubricious coating was formed on the swash plate. The reason for this is that the sliding area of the hemispherical shoe is smaller than that of the swash plate, and the sliding with the spherical seat of the piston is also received. Is guessed.

例えば、従来技術のように、斜板およびピストンとの摺動のため半球シューの表面全体を樹脂被膜で覆った場合、摩擦熱の放熱性が低下するとともに半球シュー基材の温度上昇が発生し、樹脂被膜が溶解するということが起こり得る。また、静電粉体塗装法や塗液塗布による樹脂被膜の形成は、半球シューを焼成温度にさらすことになり強度低下の懸念がある。   For example, when the entire surface of the hemispherical shoe is covered with a resin film for sliding with the swash plate and piston as in the prior art, the heat dissipation of the frictional heat is reduced and the temperature of the hemispherical shoe base material is increased. It can happen that the resin coating dissolves. In addition, the formation of a resin film by electrostatic powder coating or coating liquid application exposes the hemispherical shoe to the firing temperature, and there is a concern that the strength may decrease.

特許文献4はこれらの問題に対処するために開発されたが、上記のとおり、半球シューは非常に過酷な環境で使用されるため、半球シューに対する荷重が高くなると基材と樹脂層との密着性が低下し、基材に対して樹脂層が相対的に回転することが発生する。これが酷くなると基材と樹脂層との界面に隙間が生じ、最悪の場合は樹脂層が割れるという可能性が生じる。   Patent Document 4 was developed to deal with these problems, but as described above, since the hemispherical shoe is used in a very severe environment, when the load on the hemispherical shoe becomes high, the substrate and the resin layer are in close contact with each other. The property decreases, and the resin layer rotates relative to the substrate. If this becomes severe, there will be a gap at the interface between the base material and the resin layer, and in the worst case, the resin layer may break.

また、潤滑性被膜を有する斜板は、摺動面の平面度、平行度、厚さ精度の加工精度が厳しいだけでなく、高価な材料からなる潤滑性被膜の被膜面積が大きいため低価格化できないという問題がある。   In addition, the swash plate with a lubricating coating is not only strict in terms of flatness, parallelism and thickness accuracy of the sliding surface, but also has a low coating cost due to the large coating area of the lubricating coating made of expensive materials. There is a problem that you can not.

本発明はこれらの問題に対処するためになされたものであり、半球シューの摺動面に樹脂層を形成した構成において、半球シューに対する荷重が高くなることで基材と樹脂層との密着性が低下したとしても、基材に対して樹脂層が相対的に回転することを防止でき、樹脂層の界面の摩耗を防止できる半球シューを提供することを目的とする。また、運転開始時の潤滑油のないドライ状態においても、焼付きが発生せず、摩擦発熱による潤滑特性の低下や樹脂層の剥離がなく耐久性が十分に確保された半球シューを提供することを目的とする。さらに、この半球シューを使用した斜板式コンプレッサを提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to cope with these problems. In a configuration in which a resin layer is formed on the sliding surface of a hemispherical shoe, adhesion between the base material and the resin layer is increased by increasing the load on the hemispherical shoe. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hemispherical shoe that can prevent the resin layer from rotating relative to the base material and prevent wear at the interface of the resin layer even if the resistance decreases. In addition, to provide a hemispherical shoe with sufficient durability that does not cause seizure even in a dry state without lubricating oil at the start of operation, does not deteriorate lubrication characteristics due to frictional heat generation, and does not peel off the resin layer. With the goal. Furthermore, it aims at providing the swash plate type compressor which uses this hemispherical shoe.

本発明の斜板式コンプレッサの半球シューは、冷媒が存在するハウジング内で、回転軸に直接固定するように、または連結部材を介して間接的に、直角および斜めに取り付けた斜板に半球シューを摺動させ、この半球シューを介して上記斜板の回転運動をピストンの往復運動に変換して、冷媒を圧縮、膨張させる斜板式コンプレッサの半球シューであって、上記半球シューは、硬質部材を基材とし、該基材の外径面に軸方向の溝または突起が形成され、上記斜板と摺動する平面部の表面と、上記ピストンと摺動する球面部の表面と、上記球面部と上記平面部とを繋ぐ外周部の表面とに樹脂層が形成され、上記外周部の樹脂層が、上記溝または突起の少なくとも一部を覆いつつ、これに係合していることを特徴とする。   The hemispherical shoe of the swash plate compressor according to the present invention has a hemispherical shoe attached to a swash plate mounted at a right angle and obliquely so as to be fixed directly to a rotating shaft or indirectly through a connecting member in a housing in which a refrigerant exists. The hemispherical shoe of the swash plate type compressor that compresses and expands the refrigerant by converting the rotational movement of the swash plate into the reciprocating motion of the piston through the hemispherical shoe. A base material is formed with axial grooves or projections on the outer diameter surface of the base material, the surface of the flat portion sliding with the swash plate, the surface of the spherical portion sliding with the piston, and the spherical portion And a resin layer formed on the outer peripheral surface connecting the flat portion, and the outer peripheral resin layer covers at least a part of the groove or the protrusion and engages with the resin layer. To do.

上記基材は、金属焼結体であることを特徴とする。また、上記軸方向の溝または突起は、2〜8本であることを特徴とする。また、上記軸方向の溝と基材表面とのエッジ部、または、上記軸方向の突起のエッジ部および上記軸方向の突起と基材表面との隅部は、シャープエッジであることを特徴とする。   The base material is a metal sintered body. The number of axial grooves or protrusions is 2-8. The edge portion between the axial groove and the substrate surface, or the edge portion of the axial protrusion and the corner portion between the axial protrusion and the substrate surface are sharp edges. To do.

上記平面部の樹脂層と上記球面部の樹脂層とが、上記外周部の樹脂層を介して連続する一体の層であり、かつ、上記基材の少なくとも一部が樹脂層で覆われずに露出していることを特徴とする。   The resin layer of the flat surface portion and the resin layer of the spherical surface portion are an integral layer continuous through the resin layer of the outer peripheral portion, and at least a part of the base material is not covered with the resin layer It is exposed.

上記基材は、中心軸部分に(1)球面部側もしくは平面部側から凹部となる中空部、または、(2)球面部側と平面部側とを貫通する中空部、が形成され、該中空部の少なくとも一部が上記樹脂層で充填されずに露出していることを特徴とする。   The base material is formed with (1) a hollow portion that becomes a concave portion from the spherical portion side or the flat portion side, or (2) a hollow portion that penetrates the spherical portion side and the flat portion side at the central axis portion, At least a part of the hollow portion is exposed without being filled with the resin layer.

本発明の斜板式コンプレッサは、冷媒が存在するハウジング内で、回転軸に直接固定するように、または連結部材を介して間接的に、直角および斜めに取り付けた斜板に半球シューを摺動させ、この半球シューを介して上記斜板の回転運動をピストンの往復運動に変換して、冷媒を圧縮、膨張させる斜板式コンプレッサであり、上記半球シューが本発明の半球シューであることを特徴とする。   The swash plate type compressor of the present invention slides a hemispherical shoe on a swash plate attached at right angles and obliquely so as to be fixed directly to a rotating shaft or indirectly through a connecting member in a housing in which refrigerant exists. A swash plate compressor that compresses and expands the refrigerant by converting the rotational movement of the swash plate into a reciprocating movement of the piston through the hemispheric shoe, and the hemispheric shoe is the hemispheric shoe of the present invention. To do.

本発明の斜板式コンプレッサの半球シューは、硬質部材を基材とし、該基材の外径面に軸方向の溝または突起が形成され、上記斜板と摺動する平面部の表面と、上記ピストンと摺動する球面部の表面と、上記球面部と上記平面部とを繋ぐ外周部の表面とに樹脂層が形成され、上記外周部の樹脂層が、上記溝または突起の少なくとも一部を覆いつつ、これに係合しているので、基材と樹脂層の密着性が向上する。また、なんらかの理由で異常発熱などが生じ、基材と樹脂層の密着性が低下したとしても、基材に対して樹脂層のずれによる相対的な回転を防止できる。   The hemispherical shoe of the swash plate compressor of the present invention has a hard member as a base material, an axial groove or protrusion is formed on the outer diameter surface of the base material, the surface of the flat portion that slides on the swash plate, A resin layer is formed on the surface of the spherical portion that slides with the piston and the surface of the outer peripheral portion that connects the spherical portion and the flat portion, and the resin layer of the outer peripheral portion has at least a part of the groove or protrusion. Since it engages with this while covering, the adhesiveness of a base material and a resin layer improves. Further, even if abnormal heat generation occurs for some reason and the adhesion between the base material and the resin layer is reduced, relative rotation due to the displacement of the resin layer with respect to the base material can be prevented.

上記基材に金属焼結体を採用することで、基材表面の微細な凹凸によって基材と樹脂層の密着性がさらに優れる。また、上記軸方向の溝または突起を2〜8本にすることで、基材表面に対して溝または突起をはっきりと形成できる。これにより、基材に対して樹脂層のずれによる相対的な回転を確実に防止できる。   By adopting a metal sintered body for the base material, the adhesion between the base material and the resin layer is further improved due to fine irregularities on the surface of the base material. Moreover, a groove | channel or a processus | protrusion can be clearly formed with respect to the base-material surface by using the said 2nd groove | channel or processus | protrusion in the axial direction. Thereby, the relative rotation by the shift | offset | difference of the resin layer with respect to a base material can be prevented reliably.

上記軸方向の溝と基材表面とのエッジ部をシャープエッジにすることで、溝に対応する樹脂層の凸部が溝を乗り越え難くなる。また、上記軸方向の突起のエッジ部および上記軸方向の突起と基材表面との隅部を、シャープエッジにすることで、突起に対応する樹脂層の凹部が突起を乗り越え難くなる。   By making the edge part of the said groove | channel of the said axial direction and a base-material surface into a sharp edge, the convex part of the resin layer corresponding to a groove | channel becomes difficult to get over a groove | channel. Further, by making the edge portions of the axial projections and the corners between the axial projections and the substrate surface into sharp edges, it becomes difficult for the concave portions of the resin layer corresponding to the projections to get over the projections.

上記平面部の樹脂層と上記球面部の樹脂層とが、上記外周部の樹脂層を介して連続する一体の層であり、かつ、上記基材の少なくとも一部が樹脂層で覆われずに露出しているので、放熱性、耐荷重性に優れ、斜板とピストンの両部材との摺動性にも優れる。また、樹脂層の基材からの剥離を防止できる。   The resin layer of the flat surface portion and the resin layer of the spherical surface portion are an integral layer continuous through the resin layer of the outer peripheral portion, and at least a part of the base material is not covered with the resin layer Since it is exposed, it has excellent heat dissipation and load resistance, and excellent sliding properties between both the swash plate and the piston. Moreover, peeling of the resin layer from the base material can be prevented.

上記基材は、中心軸部分に(1)球面部側もしくは平面部側から凹部となる中空部、または、(2)球面部側と平面部側とを貫通する中空部、が形成され、該中空部の少なくとも一部が樹脂層で充填されずに露出しているので、摩擦熱が基材を伝わって、露出したこの中空部から外部に放熱される。このため、耐摩耗性、耐焼付き性に優れる。また、中空部を放熱部とするため、外表面の一部を放熱部とする場合よりも、放熱部面積を大きく確保しやすい。   The base material is formed with (1) a hollow portion that becomes a concave portion from the spherical portion side or the flat portion side, or (2) a hollow portion that penetrates the spherical portion side and the flat portion side at the central axis portion, Since at least a part of the hollow portion is exposed without being filled with the resin layer, the frictional heat is transmitted through the base material and is radiated to the outside from the exposed hollow portion. For this reason, it is excellent in abrasion resistance and seizure resistance. In addition, since the hollow portion is the heat radiating portion, it is easier to ensure a larger heat radiating portion area than when a part of the outer surface is the heat radiating portion.

本発明の斜板式コンプレッサは、上述した半球シューを備えたものであるので、半球シューに対する荷重が高くなることで基材と樹脂層との密着性が低下したとしても、基材に対して樹脂層が相対的に回転することを防止でき、樹脂層の界面の摩耗を防止できる。また。運転開始時の潤滑油のないドライ状態となる場合でも、半球シューの摺動面での焼付きが発生せず、摩擦発熱による潤滑特性の低下や樹脂層の剥離がない。これらの結果、耐久性に優れ、安心、長寿命な斜板式コンプレッサとなる。   Since the swash plate compressor according to the present invention includes the above-described hemispherical shoe, even if the adhesion between the base material and the resin layer is reduced due to an increase in the load on the hemispherical shoe, the resin is applied to the base material. It is possible to prevent the layers from rotating relatively and to prevent abrasion at the interface of the resin layer. Also. Even in a dry state without lubricating oil at the start of operation, seizure does not occur on the sliding surface of the hemispherical shoe, and there is no deterioration in lubrication characteristics or peeling of the resin layer due to frictional heat generation. As a result, the swash plate compressor has excellent durability, safety and long life.

本発明の斜板式コンプレッサの一例を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an example of the swash plate type compressor of this invention. 半球シューを拡大して示す縦断面図および平面図である。It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view and top view which expand and show a hemispherical shoe. 半球シューの基材のみの斜視図および全体の斜視図である。It is the perspective view of only the base material of a hemispherical shoe, and the whole perspective view. 半球シューの基材のみの斜視図および全体の斜視図である。It is the perspective view of only the base material of a hemispherical shoe, and the whole perspective view.

本発明の斜板式コンプレッサの一例を図面に基づき説明する。図1は、本発明の斜板式コンプレッサの一例を示す縦断面図である。図1に示す斜板式コンプレッサは、炭酸ガスを冷媒に用いるものであり、冷媒が存在するハウジング1内で、回転軸2に直接固定するように斜めに取り付けた斜板3の回転運動を、斜板3の両側面で摺動する半球シュー4を介して両頭形ピストン9の往復運動に変換し、ハウジング1の周方向に等間隔で形成されたシリンダボア10内の各ピストン9の両側で、冷媒を圧縮、膨張させる両斜板タイプのものである。高速で回転駆動される回転軸2は、ラジアル方向を針状ころ軸受11で支持され、スラスト方向をスラスト針状ころ軸受12で支持されている。この構成において、斜板3は、連結部材を介して間接的に回転軸2に固定される態様でもよい。また、斜めではなく直角に取り付けられる態様であってもよい。   An example of the swash plate compressor of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a swash plate compressor of the present invention. The swash plate type compressor shown in FIG. 1 uses carbon dioxide gas as a refrigerant. The swash plate 3 attached obliquely so as to be directly fixed to the rotary shaft 2 in the housing 1 in which the refrigerant exists is inclined. It is converted into a reciprocating motion of a double-headed piston 9 through a hemispherical shoe 4 that slides on both sides of the plate 3, and a refrigerant is generated on both sides of each piston 9 in a cylinder bore 10 formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the housing 1. The swash plate type that compresses and expands. The rotary shaft 2 that is rotationally driven at high speed is supported by a needle roller bearing 11 in the radial direction and supported by a thrust needle roller bearing 12 in the thrust direction. In this configuration, the swash plate 3 may be fixed to the rotary shaft 2 indirectly via a connecting member. Moreover, the aspect attached rather than diagonally may be sufficient.

各ピストン9には斜板3の外周部を跨ぐように凹部9aが形成され、この凹部9aの軸方向対向面に形成された球面座13に、半球シュー4が着座されており、ピストン9を斜板3の回転に対して相対移動自在に支持する。これによって、斜板3の回転運動からピストン9の往復運動への変換が円滑に行われる。半球シュー4は、球面部がピストン9(球面座13)と摺動し、平面部が斜板3と摺動する。   Each piston 9 is formed with a recess 9 a so as to straddle the outer periphery of the swash plate 3, and a hemispherical shoe 4 is seated on a spherical seat 13 formed on the axially opposed surface of this recess 9 a, The swash plate 3 is supported so as to be movable relative to the rotation of the swash plate 3. Thereby, conversion from the rotational movement of the swash plate 3 to the reciprocating movement of the piston 9 is performed smoothly. The hemispherical shoe 4 has a spherical portion that slides with the piston 9 (spherical seat 13) and a flat portion that slides with the swash plate 3.

半球シューの構造を図2および図3に基づき詳細に説明する。図2の上図は本発明の半球シューの一例を示す縦断面図であり、図2の下図はその平面図である。また、図3の上図は基材のみの斜視図であり、図3の下図は半球シュー全体の斜視図である。図2および図3は、本発明の一形態として、基材の外径面に軸方向に溝を形成する場合である。図2に示すように、半球シュー4は、球体の一部を構成する球面部4aと、球面部4aの反対側において該球体を略平面でカットした形態の平面部4bと、球面部4aと平面部4bとを繋ぐ外周部4cとからなる略半球状の構造を有する。また、半球シュー4は、平面形状が円形状であり、外周部4cの表面(樹脂層6cの表面)は円筒外周面となる。半球シュー4の全体形状は、円柱体の一方の底面を半球の一部を構成する凸形状とした形状である。なお、半球シュー4の全体形状は、これに限定されるものではなく、斜板と摺動する平面部とピストンと摺動する球面部とを有していればよく、上記外周部(円筒部)を有さない形状としてもよい。   The structure of the hemispherical shoe will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of the hemispherical shoe of the present invention, and the lower view of FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof. 3 is a perspective view of only the base material, and the lower view of FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the entire hemispherical shoe. 2 and 3 show a case where a groove is formed in the axial direction on the outer diameter surface of the substrate as one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the hemispherical shoe 4 includes a spherical portion 4a constituting a part of the sphere, a flat portion 4b in which the sphere is cut in a substantially flat surface on the opposite side of the spherical portion 4a, a spherical portion 4a, It has a substantially hemispherical structure composed of an outer peripheral part 4c connecting the flat part 4b. Further, the hemispherical shoe 4 has a circular planar shape, and the surface of the outer peripheral portion 4c (the surface of the resin layer 6c) is a cylindrical outer peripheral surface. The overall shape of the hemispherical shoe 4 is a shape in which one bottom surface of the cylindrical body is a convex shape constituting a part of the hemisphere. The overall shape of the hemispherical shoe 4 is not limited to this, and it is sufficient if it has a flat surface portion that slides with the swash plate and a spherical surface portion that slides with the piston. It is good also as a shape which does not have.

半球シュー4は、金属製などの硬質部材を基材5とし、斜板と摺動する平面部4bの表面およびピストンと摺動する球面部4aの表面に樹脂層6が形成されている。樹脂層6のうち、球面部4aの表面に形成されるものが樹脂層6aであり、平面部4bの表面に形成されるものが樹脂層6bであり、外周部4cに形成されるものが樹脂層6cである。ここで、平面部4bの樹脂層6bと球面部4aの樹脂層6aとは、外周部4cの樹脂層6cを介して連続した樹脂層であり、基材5の表面を覆うように一体に形成されている。半球シューの直径10mm程度(5〜15mm)の場合において、基材5の外側を覆う樹脂層の厚みは0.1〜0.7mmの薄肉である。樹脂層を上記範囲のような薄肉とすることで、摩擦熱が摩擦摺動面から基材側に逃げ易く、蓄熱し難いので、好ましい。   The hemispherical shoe 4 is made of a hard member made of metal or the like as a base material 5, and a resin layer 6 is formed on the surface of the flat surface portion 4 b that slides with the swash plate and the surface of the spherical surface portion 4 a that slides with the piston. Of the resin layer 6, the resin layer 6a is formed on the surface of the spherical surface portion 4a, the resin layer 6b is formed on the surface of the flat surface portion 4b, and the resin layer 6 is formed on the outer peripheral portion 4c. Layer 6c. Here, the resin layer 6b of the flat surface portion 4b and the resin layer 6a of the spherical surface portion 4a are continuous resin layers through the resin layer 6c of the outer peripheral portion 4c, and are integrally formed so as to cover the surface of the base material 5. Has been. In the case where the diameter of the hemispherical shoe is about 10 mm (5 to 15 mm), the thickness of the resin layer covering the outside of the substrate 5 is 0.1 to 0.7 mm. It is preferable to make the resin layer as thin as the above-mentioned range since the frictional heat easily escapes from the frictional sliding surface to the substrate side and is difficult to store heat.

図3に示すように、半球シュー4は、基材5の表面のほぼ全体を覆うように樹脂層6が形成されている。樹脂層6は上述のとおり薄肉であるため、図3上図に示すように、基材5の形状は半球シュー4の全体形状に沿った形状である。このため、基材5は、半球シュー4の球面部4a、平面部4b、外周部4cにそれぞれ対応する、球面部5a、平面部5b、外周部5cを有する。この形態では、基材5の外径面(外周部5cの表面)に、軸方向の溝7aが形成されている。   As shown in FIG. 3, the hemispherical shoe 4 has a resin layer 6 formed so as to cover almost the entire surface of the base material 5. Since the resin layer 6 is thin as described above, the shape of the base material 5 is a shape along the entire shape of the hemispherical shoe 4 as shown in the upper diagram of FIG. For this reason, the base material 5 has a spherical surface portion 5a, a flat surface portion 5b, and an outer peripheral portion 5c corresponding to the spherical surface portion 4a, the flat surface portion 4b, and the outer peripheral portion 4c of the hemispherical shoe 4, respectively. In this embodiment, an axial groove 7a is formed on the outer diameter surface of the substrate 5 (the surface of the outer peripheral portion 5c).

基材5の外径面には4本の溝7aが形成されている。各溝7aは、すべて形状が同一であり、外周部5cを球面部5aから平面部5bまで軸方向に沿って貫通して削りとるように形成されている。また、各溝7aは、基材の中心軸に対して等角度(90度)毎に配置されており、溝同士は外径面において円周方向に等間隔で離間した等配分とされている。溝7aを等配分することで基材の重心位置が中心軸からずれることを防止できる。   Four grooves 7 a are formed on the outer diameter surface of the substrate 5. All the grooves 7a have the same shape, and are formed so as to penetrate the outer peripheral portion 5c along the axial direction from the spherical portion 5a to the flat portion 5b. The grooves 7a are arranged at equal angles (90 degrees) with respect to the central axis of the base material, and the grooves are equally distributed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer diameter surface. . By equally distributing the grooves 7a, it is possible to prevent the position of the center of gravity of the base material from deviating from the central axis.

本発明の別の形態として、基材の外径面に軸方向の突起を形成する場合を図4に基づいて説明する。図4の上図は基材のみの斜視図であり、図4の下図は半球シュー全体の斜視図である。図4に示すように、この形態では、基材5の外径面(外周部5cの表面)に、軸方向の突起7bが形成されている。突起7bは、上記溝と同様に、基材の中心軸に対して等角度(90度)毎に4つ配置されており、突起同士は外径面において円周方向に等間隔で離間した等配分とされている。また、図3の溝と図4の突起を組み合わせて形成してもよい。   As another embodiment of the present invention, a case where axial projections are formed on the outer diameter surface of the substrate will be described with reference to FIG. The upper view of FIG. 4 is a perspective view of only the base material, and the lower view of FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the entire hemispherical shoe. As shown in FIG. 4, in this embodiment, axial projections 7 b are formed on the outer diameter surface of the base material 5 (the surface of the outer peripheral portion 5 c). Similar to the groove, four protrusions 7b are arranged at equal angles (90 degrees) with respect to the central axis of the substrate, and the protrusions are spaced apart at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer diameter surface, etc. It is considered as an allocation. Moreover, you may form combining the groove | channel of FIG. 3 and the protrusion of FIG.

図3および図4に示すように、このような溝7aや突起7bを有する基材5に対して、樹脂層6を例えば射出成形などで形成することで、樹脂層6は溝や突起を覆いつつ、これらと係合する相補的な構造が形成される。すなわち、樹脂層6側に、それぞれの溝7aに嵌合する凸部6e(図2参照)や、それぞれの突起に嵌合する凹部が複数形成される。ここで、樹脂層と基材とがずれないように係合していればよく、例えば突起においてその先端が露出していてもよい。この構造により、基材5とその面を覆う樹脂層6との接触面積が大きくなり、基材5と樹脂層6との密着強度が高くなる。また、異常発熱などによって基材5と樹脂層6との界面で剥離が生じても、基材5に対して樹脂層6が相対的に回転することを防止できる。その結果、基材5と樹脂層6との界面に隙間が生じ、最悪の場合は樹脂層6が割れるという懸念が払拭できる。   As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the resin layer 6 covers the grooves and the protrusions by forming the resin layer 6 on the base material 5 having the grooves 7a and the protrusions 7b by, for example, injection molding. However, a complementary structure is formed that engages them. That is, a plurality of convex portions 6e (see FIG. 2) that fit into the respective grooves 7a and concave portions that fit into the respective protrusions are formed on the resin layer 6 side. Here, it suffices that the resin layer and the base material are engaged with each other so as not to be displaced. For example, the tip of the protrusion may be exposed. With this structure, the contact area between the base material 5 and the resin layer 6 covering the surface is increased, and the adhesion strength between the base material 5 and the resin layer 6 is increased. Further, even if peeling occurs at the interface between the base material 5 and the resin layer 6 due to abnormal heat generation or the like, the resin layer 6 can be prevented from rotating relative to the base material 5. As a result, a gap is generated at the interface between the base material 5 and the resin layer 6, and in the worst case, the concern that the resin layer 6 may break can be eliminated.

軸方向の溝は、基材の外径面に2〜8本形成することが好ましい。等配分された軸方向の溝が1本であると基材の重心位置が中心軸からずれるため、半球シューの動きに何らかの悪影響が生じるおそれがある。また、9本以上であると基材表面に対して溝をはっきりと形成することが難しくなる。   It is preferable that 2 to 8 axial grooves are formed on the outer diameter surface of the substrate. If the number of equally distributed axial grooves is one, the position of the center of gravity of the base material deviates from the central axis, which may cause some adverse effects on the movement of the hemispherical shoe. Moreover, it becomes difficult to form a groove | channel clearly with respect to the base-material surface as it is nine or more.

溝の深さ(中心軸向き方向)または突起量は、最も深いまたは高い部分が0.2〜1.0mmであることが好ましい。基材の溝の深さまたは突起の高さを0.2〜1.0mmにすることで、確実に基材に対して樹脂層のずれによる相対的な回転を防止できる。溝が0.2mmより浅いと、溝に対応する樹脂層の凸部が溝を乗り越えるおそれがある。溝が1.0mmより深いと、樹脂層の表面に射出成形のヒケが生じるおそれがある。また、突起が0.2mmより低いと突起に対応する樹脂層の凹部が突起を乗り越えるおそれがある。突起が1.0mmより高いと樹脂層の厚みを相対的に厚くする必要が生じる。   It is preferable that the deepest or highest portion of the groove depth (direction in the central axis direction) or the protrusion amount is 0.2 to 1.0 mm. By setting the depth of the groove of the substrate or the height of the protrusion to 0.2 to 1.0 mm, it is possible to reliably prevent relative rotation due to the displacement of the resin layer with respect to the substrate. If the groove is shallower than 0.2 mm, the convex portion of the resin layer corresponding to the groove may get over the groove. If the groove is deeper than 1.0 mm, there is a possibility that an injection molding sink may occur on the surface of the resin layer. Further, if the protrusion is lower than 0.2 mm, the concave portion of the resin layer corresponding to the protrusion may get over the protrusion. If the protrusion is higher than 1.0 mm, the resin layer needs to be relatively thick.

軸方向の溝を形成する形態では、溝と基材表面とのエッジ部をシャープエッジにすることが好ましい。すなわち、溝の基材表面とのエッジ部に面取りを設けないことが好ましい。溝のエッジ部に面取りを設けると、溝に対応する樹脂層の凸部が溝を乗り越え易くなる。同様に、軸方向の突起を形成する形態では、突起のエッジ部および突起と基材表面との隅部をシャープエッジにすることが好ましい。突起のエッジ部に面取りを設ける場合や、突起と基材表面との隅部に面取りを設ける場合、突起に対応する樹脂層の凹部が突起を乗り越え易くなる。   In the form in which the groove in the axial direction is formed, it is preferable that the edge portion between the groove and the substrate surface is a sharp edge. That is, it is preferable not to chamfer the edge portion of the groove with the substrate surface. When chamfering is provided at the edge portion of the groove, the convex portion of the resin layer corresponding to the groove easily gets over the groove. Similarly, in the embodiment in which the axial projection is formed, it is preferable that the edge portion of the projection and the corner portion between the projection and the substrate surface are sharp edges. When chamfering is provided at the edge portion of the protrusion, or when chamfering is provided at the corner between the protrusion and the substrate surface, the concave portion of the resin layer corresponding to the protrusion easily gets over the protrusion.

本発明では、摺動部となる球面部および平面部の樹脂層ではなく、摺動部ではない外周部の樹脂層において基材との係合構造を形成するため、基材側の構造として溝のみでなく、該外周部の樹脂層が部分的に薄肉となるような突起も採用できる。溝と突起のいずれの構造であっても、半球シューの摺動特性には悪影響を与えない。   In the present invention, since the engagement structure with the base material is formed in the resin layer on the outer peripheral portion that is not the sliding portion, instead of the resin layer on the spherical portion and the flat portion serving as the sliding portion, the groove is formed as the structure on the base material side. In addition, it is also possible to employ a projection in which the resin layer on the outer peripheral portion is partially thin. Regardless of the structure of the groove and the protrusion, the sliding characteristics of the hemispherical shoe are not adversely affected.

半球シューは、金属製などの硬質部材において、ピストンおよび斜板の両部材との直接の摺動面に上記の樹脂層を形成しつつ、それ以外の箇所に樹脂層で覆われていない露出部を有することが好ましい。このような露出部を設けることで、斜板およびピストンとの摺動による摩擦熱が発生しても、基材を伝わって該露出部から熱を逃がすことができ、樹脂層の溶解などが起こらず、耐摩耗性や耐焼付き性に優れる。基材の露出部の位置や形態は、ピストンおよび斜板の両部材との直接の摺動面以外であれば特に限定されないが、加工性や放熱性に優れることから、中心軸部分に(1)球面部側もしくは平面部側から凹部となる中空部、または、(2)球面部側と平面部側とを貫通する中空部、が形成され、該中空部の少なくとも一部が樹脂層で充填されずに露出している形態が好ましい。   The hemispherical shoe is an exposed portion of a hard member made of metal or the like that forms the above resin layer on the direct sliding surface with both the piston and the swash plate, but is not covered with the resin layer at other locations. It is preferable to have. By providing such an exposed portion, even if frictional heat due to sliding between the swash plate and the piston is generated, heat can be transferred from the exposed portion through the base material, and the resin layer can be dissolved. Excellent wear resistance and seizure resistance. The position and form of the exposed portion of the base material are not particularly limited as long as they are other than the direct sliding surfaces with both the piston and swash plate members, but because of excellent workability and heat dissipation, (1 ) A hollow part that becomes a concave part from the spherical part side or the flat part side, or (2) a hollow part that penetrates the spherical part side and the flat part side is formed, and at least a part of the hollow part is filled with a resin layer The form exposed without being preferable is preferable.

図2に示す形態では、基材5には、その中心軸部分に球面部4a側と平面部4b側とを貫通する円筒空間状の中空部5dが形成されている。中空部5dは、平面部4b側から所定の軸方向深さまで樹脂層6dが充填され、それ以外の部分(露出部分)では、樹脂に覆われず、該中空部を構成する基材表面が露出した状態となっている。中空部5dに露出部分を有することで、摩擦熱が該部分から外部に放熱される。また、この露出部分が潤滑油を保持するオイルポケットとしての機能も有する。   In the form shown in FIG. 2, the base material 5 is formed with a cylindrical space-like hollow portion 5d penetrating the spherical surface portion 4a side and the flat surface portion 4b side at the central axis portion. The hollow part 5d is filled with the resin layer 6d from the flat part 4b side to a predetermined axial depth, and the other part (exposed part) is not covered with resin, and the surface of the base material constituting the hollow part is exposed. It has become a state. By having the exposed portion in the hollow portion 5d, the frictional heat is radiated from the portion to the outside. The exposed portion also functions as an oil pocket that holds the lubricating oil.

中空部5dの露出部分の軸方向長さは、半球シューの高さの3分の1以上であることが好ましい。該範囲とすることで、放熱部の面積を大きくでき、放熱性に優れる。また、中空部5dの直径としては、半球シュー4の直径に対して1/6〜1/3の範囲内とすることが好ましい。該範囲内とすることで、放熱性を確保しながら、基材の強度低下を防止できる。   The axial length of the exposed portion of the hollow portion 5d is preferably at least one third of the height of the hemispherical shoe. By setting it as this range, the area of a thermal radiation part can be enlarged and it is excellent in heat dissipation. The diameter of the hollow portion 5d is preferably in the range of 1/6 to 1/3 with respect to the diameter of the hemispherical shoe 4. By making it within this range, it is possible to prevent the strength of the base material from being lowered while ensuring heat dissipation.

図2に示す形態の半球シュー4は、球面部4a側の外表面にピストンとの非接触部8を有し、非接触部8において基材5が樹脂層6で覆われずに露出している。非接触部8は、球面部4aの一部を平面部4bと平行な面で切った形状の部位であり、ピストンとは摺動接触しない部位である。この形態では、非接触部8の平面形状は円形状となる。球面部4a側の外表面にこのような非接触部かつ基材の露出部を設けることで、球面部で発生した摩擦熱を該露出部分から放熱しやすくなる。   The hemispherical shoe 4 of the form shown in FIG. 2 has a non-contact portion 8 with the piston on the outer surface on the spherical surface portion 4a side, and the base material 5 is exposed without being covered with the resin layer 6 in the non-contact portion 8. Yes. The non-contact portion 8 is a portion having a shape obtained by cutting a part of the spherical portion 4a with a plane parallel to the flat portion 4b, and is a portion that does not slide contact with the piston. In this form, the planar shape of the non-contact part 8 is circular. By providing such a non-contact part and an exposed part of the base material on the outer surface on the spherical part 4a side, it becomes easy to radiate the frictional heat generated in the spherical part from the exposed part.

半球シュー4において、斜板と摺動する平面部4bと、ピストンと摺動する球面部4aとは、軸方向反対側に位置する。これらの表面に形成される樹脂層6a、6bを、外周部4cに形成される樹脂層6cを介して連続した一体のものとすることで、構造的に両面(平面部と球面部)の樹脂層が基材から剥離しにくくなる。   In the hemispherical shoe 4, the flat surface portion 4b that slides with the swash plate and the spherical surface portion 4a that slides with the piston are located on the opposite sides in the axial direction. The resin layers 6a and 6b formed on these surfaces are integrated integrally with the resin layer 6c formed on the outer peripheral portion 4c so that the resin is structurally double-sided (planar portion and spherical portion). The layer is difficult to peel from the substrate.

樹脂層を形成する合成樹脂(ベース樹脂)としては、半球シューに要求される潤滑特性および耐熱性を確保できるものであれば特に限定されず、例えば、ポリフェニレンスルフィド(PPS)樹脂、ポリアミドイミド(PAI)樹脂、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン(PEEK)樹脂、ポリイミド(PI)樹脂、フェノール樹脂などが挙げられる。これらの各合成樹脂は単独で使用してもよく、2種類以上混合したポリマーアロイであってもよい。これらの中でも、耐熱性、耐摩耗性に優れたPAI樹脂、PEEK樹脂、PI樹脂が好ましく、さらに疲労特性および射出成形時の流動性に優れるPEEK樹脂が特に好ましい。これらの合成樹脂には、耐摩耗性を向上させる目的で、炭素繊維、ガラス繊維、マイカ、タルクなどを配合してもよい。また、低摩擦化や、油枯渇時の耐焼付き性を向上させる目的で、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)樹脂、黒鉛、二硫化モリブデンなどを配合してもよい。   The synthetic resin (base resin) for forming the resin layer is not particularly limited as long as it can ensure the lubrication characteristics and heat resistance required for the hemispherical shoe. For example, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) resin, polyamideimide (PAI) ) Resin, polyether ether ketone (PEEK) resin, polyimide (PI) resin, phenol resin and the like. Each of these synthetic resins may be used alone or may be a polymer alloy in which two or more kinds are mixed. Among these, PAI resin, PEEK resin, and PI resin excellent in heat resistance and wear resistance are preferable, and PEEK resin excellent in fatigue characteristics and fluidity during injection molding is particularly preferable. These synthetic resins may be blended with carbon fiber, glass fiber, mica, talc and the like for the purpose of improving wear resistance. Further, for the purpose of reducing friction and improving seizure resistance when oil is exhausted, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resin, graphite, molybdenum disulfide, or the like may be blended.

樹脂層の形成方法としては、射出成形、スプレーコーティング、パウダーコーティングなどを採用できる。これらの中でも、安価で緻密な樹脂層が形成できることから、射出成形が好ましい。射出成形は、樹脂組成物に溶融状態で圧力を加えるため、樹脂層が緻密に形成され、耐荷重性や耐摩耗性が高くなる。射出成形方法としては、例えば、半球シューの基材を金型内にセットし、その上から合成樹脂を射出成形(インサート成形)する方法が採用できる。また、射出成形で樹脂層を形成する場合、射出成形で所望の寸法に一発成形する他、射出成形後に所望の寸法に機械加工してもよい。射出成形時に樹脂が基材表面の溝や突起の周囲を覆い、これらと係合する相補的な構造が形成される。   As a method for forming the resin layer, injection molding, spray coating, powder coating, or the like can be employed. Of these, injection molding is preferred because an inexpensive and dense resin layer can be formed. In injection molding, since a pressure is applied to a resin composition in a molten state, a resin layer is densely formed, and load resistance and wear resistance are increased. As an injection molding method, for example, a method in which a base material of a hemispherical shoe is set in a mold, and a synthetic resin is injection molded (insert molding) from the top can be adopted. In addition, when the resin layer is formed by injection molding, the resin layer may be machined to a desired dimension after injection molding, in addition to being molded once to a desired dimension by injection molding. At the time of injection molding, the resin covers the periphery of the grooves and protrusions on the surface of the base material, and a complementary structure that engages with these is formed.

基材である硬質部材の材質としては、金属、セラミックス、硬質な合成樹脂などが挙げられる。硬質部材に金属を採用する場合は、プレス加工、機械加工、ダイカストなどにより製造された溶製金属製や焼結金属製が使用できる。特に、生産性、強度、コストなどのバランスが良いことから、基材を焼結金属製の金属焼結体とすることが好ましい。   Examples of the material of the hard member that is the base material include metals, ceramics, and hard synthetic resins. When a metal is used for the hard member, a molten metal or a sintered metal manufactured by pressing, machining, die casting or the like can be used. In particular, since the balance of productivity, strength, cost and the like is good, it is preferable that the base material is a sintered metal made of sintered metal.

溶製金属としては、例えば、軸受鋼(SUJ1〜5など)、クロムモリブデン鋼、機械構造用炭素鋼、軟鋼、ステンレス鋼、もしくは高速度鋼などの鋼や、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金、銅、銅合金が挙げられる。溶製金属を用いる場合、樹脂層との密着性を高めるために、樹脂層の形成前に基材表面をショットブラスト、機械加工などの物理的表面処理により、凹凸形状に荒らすことが好ましい。また、酸性溶液処理(硫酸、硝酸、塩酸など、もしくは他の溶液との混合)、アルカリ性溶液処理(水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウムなど、もしくは他の溶液との混合)などの化学的表面処理を施し、基材の少なくとも樹脂層形成表面に微細凹凸形状を形成することが好ましい。酸性溶液処理であるとマスキングを不要にできるため好ましい。微細凹凸形状は、濃度、処理時間、後処理などによって異なるが、アンカー効果による密着性を高めるためには、凹ピッチが数nm〜数十μmの微細な凹凸にすることが好ましい。化学的表面処理により形成された微細凹凸形状は、多孔質のような複雑な立体構造となっているため、アンカー効果を発揮しやすく、特に強固な密着が可能となる。   Examples of the molten metal include steels such as bearing steel (SUJ1-5, etc.), chromium molybdenum steel, carbon steel for mechanical structure, mild steel, stainless steel, or high speed steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy. Is mentioned. In the case of using a molten metal, it is preferable to roughen the surface of the base material into a concavo-convex shape by physical surface treatment such as shot blasting or machining before forming the resin layer in order to enhance adhesion with the resin layer. Also, chemical surface treatment such as acidic solution treatment (mixed with sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, etc. or other solutions), alkaline solution treatment (mixed with sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc. or other solutions) It is preferable to form a fine concavo-convex shape on at least the resin layer forming surface of the substrate. The acidic solution treatment is preferable because masking can be omitted. Although the fine uneven shape varies depending on the concentration, processing time, post-treatment, etc., in order to improve the adhesion due to the anchor effect, it is preferable to make the fine unevenness with a concave pitch of several nanometers to several tens of micrometers. The fine uneven shape formed by the chemical surface treatment has a complicated three-dimensional structure such as a porous structure, so that the anchor effect is easily exhibited, and particularly strong adhesion is possible.

焼結金属としては、例えば、鉄系、銅鉄系、銅系、ステンレス系などが挙げられる。焼結金属を用いる場合、表面積が大きく、凹凸によるアンカー効果も高いので、樹脂層との密着強さを高くできる。特に樹脂層をインサート成形にて形成することで、射出成形時に樹脂層が金属焼結体表面の凹凸に深く食い込み、真の接合面積が増大するため、樹脂層と基材の密着強さが向上する。さらに、樹脂層と基材との間に隙間が生じないため、樹脂層の熱が基材へ伝わり易くなる。   Examples of the sintered metal include iron, copper iron, copper, and stainless steel. When using a sintered metal, since the surface area is large and the anchor effect by unevenness is high, the adhesion strength with the resin layer can be increased. In particular, by forming the resin layer by insert molding, the resin layer penetrates deeply into the irregularities on the surface of the sintered metal during injection molding, and the true bonding area increases, improving the adhesion strength between the resin layer and the substrate. To do. Furthermore, since no gap is generated between the resin layer and the base material, the heat of the resin layer is easily transmitted to the base material.

焼結金属の密度は、材質の理論密度比0.7〜0.9とすることが好ましい。この範囲内にすることで、密着性を得るための表面の凹凸を確保すると同時に、必要十分な機械的強度を有し、さらに基材の熱伝導性を十分に確保できる。また、樹脂層と基材の接合部の接合強度に優れるため、高面圧などの厳しい条件で使用される場合でも、樹脂層が基材から剥離することを防止できる。   The density of the sintered metal is preferably set to a theoretical density ratio of 0.7 to 0.9. By making it within this range, it is possible to ensure the unevenness of the surface for obtaining adhesion, and at the same time to have the necessary and sufficient mechanical strength, and further to sufficiently ensure the thermal conductivity of the substrate. Moreover, since it is excellent in the joint strength of the joint part of a resin layer and a base material, even when used on severe conditions, such as a high surface pressure, it can prevent that a resin layer peels from a base material.

斜板またはピストンとの摺動面となる樹脂層の表面は、樹脂層形成後に研磨加工してもよい。研磨加工により、個々の高さ寸法にばらつきがなくなり精度が向上する。また、樹脂層の該表面の表面粗さは、0.05〜1.0μmRa(JIS B0601)に調整することが好ましい。この範囲内にすることで、斜板またはピストンと摺動する樹脂層摺動面における真実接触面積が大きくなり、実面圧を下げることができ、焼付きを防止できる。表面粗さが、0.05μmRa未満では摺動面への潤滑油の供給が不足し、1.0μmRaをこえると摺動面での真実接触面積の低下により、局部的に高面圧となり、焼き付くおそれがある。さらに好ましくは、表面粗さ0.1〜0.5μmRaである。   The surface of the resin layer serving as a sliding surface with the swash plate or the piston may be polished after the resin layer is formed. The polishing process eliminates variations in individual height dimensions and improves accuracy. Moreover, it is preferable to adjust the surface roughness of the surface of the resin layer to 0.05 to 1.0 μm Ra (JIS B0601). By setting it within this range, the real contact area on the sliding surface of the resin layer sliding with the swash plate or the piston is increased, the actual surface pressure can be lowered, and seizure can be prevented. If the surface roughness is less than 0.05 μmRa, the lubricating oil is insufficiently supplied to the sliding surface. If the surface roughness exceeds 1.0 μmRa, the surface area is locally increased due to a decrease in the real contact area on the sliding surface, and seizure occurs. There is a fear. More preferably, the surface roughness is 0.1 to 0.5 μmRa.

斜板またはピストンとの摺動面となる樹脂層の表面には、希薄潤滑時における潤滑作用を補うため、上述の中空部以外にオイルポケットや動圧溝を形成してもよい。オイルポケットの形態としては、斑点状または筋状の凹部が挙げられる。斑点状または筋状としては、平行な直線状、格子状、渦巻状、放射状または環状などが挙げられる。オイルポケットの深さは、樹脂層の厚み未満で適宜決定できる。   Oil pockets and dynamic pressure grooves may be formed on the surface of the resin layer serving as the sliding surface with the swash plate or the piston in addition to the above-described hollow portion in order to supplement the lubricating action during lean lubrication. The form of the oil pocket includes a spot-like or streak-like recess. Examples of the spot shape or the stripe shape include a parallel straight line shape, a lattice shape, a spiral shape, a radial shape, and a ring shape. The depth of the oil pocket can be determined as appropriate below the thickness of the resin layer.

本発明の半球シューが使用される斜板式コンプレッサは、冷媒が存在するハウジング内で、回転軸に直接固定するように、または連結部材を介して間接的に、直角および斜めに取り付けた斜板に半球シューを摺動させ、この半球シューを介して上記斜板の回転運動をピストンの往復運動に変換して、冷媒を圧縮、膨張させる斜板式コンプレッサである。この斜板式コンプレッサに本発明の半球シューを使用することによって、半球シューと摺動する斜板およびピストンにおいては、潤滑性被膜を除くことができる。すなわち、斜板等の表面は基材の研磨面のままの状態で斜板式コンプレッサに組み込み半球シューと摺動させることが可能となる。このため、機能面で同等でありながら、低価格の斜板式コンプレッサを提供できる。   The swash plate type compressor in which the hemispherical shoe of the present invention is used is a swash plate that is fixed to the rotating shaft directly or indirectly through a connecting member at right angles and obliquely in a housing where refrigerant exists. This is a swash plate type compressor that compresses and expands the refrigerant by sliding a hemispherical shoe and converting the rotational motion of the swash plate into a reciprocating motion of the piston through the hemispherical shoe. By using the hemispherical shoe of the present invention in the swash plate compressor, the lubricating coating can be removed from the swash plate and the piston that slide with the hemispherical shoe. That is, the surface of the swash plate or the like can be incorporated in the swash plate compressor and slid with the hemispherical shoe while the surface of the substrate remains the polished surface. Therefore, it is possible to provide a low-cost swash plate compressor that is functionally equivalent.

本発明の斜板式コンプレッサの半球シューは、なんらかの理由で異常発熱などが生じ、基材と樹脂層の密着性が低下したとしても、基材に対して樹脂層のズレによる相対的な回転を防止できる。また、運転開始時の潤滑油のないドライ状態においても、焼付きが発生せず、摩擦発熱による潤滑特性の低下や樹脂層の剥離がなく耐久性が十分に確保されるので、種々の斜板式コンプレッサに利用できる。特に、炭酸ガスやHFC1234yfを冷媒とし、高速高負荷仕様(例えば、面圧が8MPaをこえる)である近年の斜板式コンプレッサにも好適に利用できる。   The hemispherical shoe of the swash plate compressor of the present invention prevents relative rotation due to misalignment of the resin layer with respect to the substrate even if abnormal heat generation occurs for some reason and the adhesion between the substrate and the resin layer decreases. it can. In addition, seizure does not occur even in a dry state without lubricating oil at the start of operation, and there is no deterioration in lubrication characteristics due to frictional heat generation and peeling of the resin layer, so that durability is sufficiently ensured. Can be used for compressors. In particular, carbon dioxide gas or HFC1234yf is used as a refrigerant, and it can be suitably used for a recent swash plate type compressor having a high-speed and high-load specification (for example, the surface pressure exceeds 8 MPa).

1 ハウジング
2 回転軸
3 斜板
4 半球シュー
5 基材(硬質部材)
6 樹脂層
7a 溝
7b 突起
8 非接触部
9 ピストン
10 シリンダボア
11 針状ころ軸受
12 スラスト針状ころ軸受
13 球面座
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Housing 2 Rotating shaft 3 Swash plate 4 Hemispherical shoe 5 Base material (hard member)
6 Resin layer 7a Groove 7b Protrusion 8 Non-contact part 9 Piston 10 Cylinder bore 11 Needle roller bearing 12 Thrust needle roller bearing 13 Spherical seat

Claims (6)

冷媒が存在するハウジング内で、回転軸に直接固定するように、または連結部材を介して間接的に、直角および斜めに取り付けた斜板に半球シューを摺動させ、この半球シューを介して前記斜板の回転運動をピストンの往復運動に変換して、冷媒を圧縮、膨張させる斜板式コンプレッサの半球シューであって、
前記半球シューは、硬質部材を基材とし、前記斜板と摺動する平面部の表面と、前記ピストンと摺動する球面部の表面と、前記球面部と前記平面部とを繋ぐ外周部の表面とに樹脂組成物の射出成形層である樹脂層が形成され、
前記平面部の樹脂層と前記球面部の樹脂層とが、前記外周部の樹脂層を介して連続する一体の層であり、かつ、前記基材の少なくとも一部が樹脂層で覆われずに露出しており、
前記半球シューの基材は、外径面に軸方向の溝または突起が形成され、
前記外周部の樹脂層が、前記溝または突起の少なくとも一部を覆いつつ、これに係合していることを特徴とする斜板式コンプレッサの半球シュー。
In the housing in which the refrigerant is present, the hemispherical shoe is slid on a swash plate mounted at right angles and obliquely so as to be directly fixed to the rotating shaft or indirectly through the connecting member, and the hemispherical shoe is passed through the hemispherical shoe. A hemispherical shoe for a swash plate type compressor that compresses and expands the refrigerant by converting the rotational movement of the swash plate into the reciprocating movement of the piston,
The hemispherical shoe has a hard member as a base material, a surface of a flat portion that slides with the swash plate, a surface of a spherical portion that slides with the piston, and an outer peripheral portion that connects the spherical portion and the flat portion. A resin layer that is an injection-molded layer of the resin composition is formed on the surface,
The resin layer of the flat surface portion and the resin layer of the spherical surface portion are an integral layer continuous through the resin layer of the outer peripheral portion, and at least a part of the base material is not covered with the resin layer Exposed
The base material of the hemispherical shoe is formed with an axial groove or protrusion on the outer diameter surface,
A hemispherical shoe for a swash plate compressor, wherein the outer peripheral resin layer covers and engages at least a part of the groove or protrusion.
前記基材は、金属焼結体であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の斜板式コンプレッサの半球シュー。   The hemispherical shoe for a swash plate compressor according to claim 1, wherein the base material is a sintered metal. 前記軸方向の溝または突起は、2〜8本であることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2記載の斜板式コンプレッサの半球シュー。   The hemispherical shoe for a swash plate compressor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of grooves or protrusions in the axial direction is 2 to 8. 前記軸方向の溝と基材表面とのエッジ部、または、前記軸方向の突起のエッジ部および前記軸方向の突起と基材表面との隅部は、シャープエッジであることを特徴とする請求項1、請求項2または請求項3記載の斜板式コンプレッサの半球シュー。   The edge portion between the axial groove and the substrate surface, or the edge portion of the axial protrusion and the corner portion between the axial protrusion and the substrate surface are sharp edges. A hemispherical shoe for a swash plate compressor according to claim 1, 2 or 3. 前記基材は、中心軸部分に(1)球面部側もしくは平面部側から凹部となる中空部、または、(2)球面部側と平面部側とを貫通する中空部、が形成され、該中空部の少なくとも一部が前記樹脂層で充填されずに露出していることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか1項記載の斜板式コンプレッサの半球シュー。 The base material is formed with (1) a hollow portion that becomes a concave portion from the spherical surface side or the flat surface portion side, or (2) a hollow portion that passes through the spherical surface side and the flat surface portion side at the central axis portion, The hemispherical shoe for a swash plate compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least a part of the hollow portion is exposed without being filled with the resin layer. 冷媒が存在するハウジング内で、回転軸に直接固定するように、または連結部材を介して間接的に、直角および斜めに取り付けた斜板に半球シューを摺動させ、この半球シューを介して前記斜板の回転運動をピストンの往復運動に変換して、冷媒を圧縮、膨張させる斜板式コンプレッサであって、
前記半球シューが、請求項1から請求項までのいずれか1項記載の半球シューであることを特徴とする斜板式コンプレッサ。
In the housing in which the refrigerant is present, the hemispherical shoe is slid on a swash plate mounted at right angles and obliquely so as to be directly fixed to the rotating shaft or indirectly through the connecting member, and the hemispherical shoe is passed through the hemispherical shoe. A swash plate type compressor that compresses and expands refrigerant by converting the rotational movement of the swash plate into the reciprocating movement of the piston,
The swash plate compressor, wherein the hemispherical shoe is the hemispherical shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 5 .
JP2015061705A 2015-03-24 2015-03-24 Swash plate compressor hemispherical shoe and swash plate compressor Expired - Fee Related JP6571960B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2015061705A JP6571960B2 (en) 2015-03-24 2015-03-24 Swash plate compressor hemispherical shoe and swash plate compressor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2015061705A JP6571960B2 (en) 2015-03-24 2015-03-24 Swash plate compressor hemispherical shoe and swash plate compressor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2016180384A JP2016180384A (en) 2016-10-13
JP6571960B2 true JP6571960B2 (en) 2019-09-04

Family

ID=57131337

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2015061705A Expired - Fee Related JP6571960B2 (en) 2015-03-24 2015-03-24 Swash plate compressor hemispherical shoe and swash plate compressor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP6571960B2 (en)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2503204B2 (en) * 1985-03-02 1996-06-05 大豊工業 株式会社 Swash plate type compressor
JP2002039062A (en) * 2000-07-26 2002-02-06 Toyota Industries Corp Compressor
JP2002276543A (en) * 2001-03-16 2002-09-25 Toyota Industries Corp Spherical crown shaped shoe and swash plate type compressor
JP4470148B2 (en) * 2003-09-18 2010-06-02 株式会社ヴァレオサーマルシステムズ Compressor shoe and manufacturing method thereof
JP5903391B2 (en) * 2013-02-06 2016-04-13 大豊工業株式会社 Manufacturing method of sliding member
JP6230803B2 (en) * 2013-04-10 2017-11-15 Ntn株式会社 Swash plate compressor hemispherical shoe and swash plate compressor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2016180384A (en) 2016-10-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP6230803B2 (en) Swash plate compressor hemispherical shoe and swash plate compressor
JP6177852B2 (en) Swash plate for compressor and compressor having the same
JP6571960B2 (en) Swash plate compressor hemispherical shoe and swash plate compressor
JP6313683B2 (en) Swash plate compressor hemispherical shoe and swash plate compressor
JP6466754B2 (en) Swash plate compressor hemispherical shoe and swash plate compressor
JP6317965B2 (en) bearing
JP6313681B2 (en) Swash plate compressor hemispherical shoe and swash plate compressor
JP2015183798A (en) bearing
WO2016013558A1 (en) Semispherical shoe for swash plate compressor, and swash plate compressor
WO2017183669A1 (en) Hemispherical shoe for swash plate compressor, and swash plate compressor
JP4955412B2 (en) Swash plate compressor and swash plate compressor
JP6706184B2 (en) Swash plate for compressor
JP2016180381A (en) Hemispherical shoe of swash plate type compressor, and swash plate type compressor
JP2017082730A (en) Swash plate type compressor
JP2017198212A (en) Hemispherical shoe for swash plate type compressor, and swash plate type compressor
JP2017036712A (en) Semi-spherical shoe of swash plate type compressor and swash plate type compressor
JP2017036711A (en) Semi-spherical shoe of swash plate type compressor and swash plate type compressor
JP6313682B2 (en) Swash plate compressor hemispherical shoe and swash plate compressor
JP6283238B2 (en) bearing
WO2019088163A1 (en) Swash plate
JP2019082147A (en) Swash plate
JP6654056B2 (en) Swash plate and swash plate compressor for compressor
JP2019082216A (en) Sliding member
JP2017190675A (en) Manufacturing method of hemispherical shoe for swash plate compressor
JP2019082149A (en) Swash plate

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20180226

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20181217

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20181225

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20190222

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20190723

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20190809

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 6571960

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees