JP6494489B2 - Electric wheelchair - Google Patents

Electric wheelchair Download PDF

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JP6494489B2
JP6494489B2 JP2015207753A JP2015207753A JP6494489B2 JP 6494489 B2 JP6494489 B2 JP 6494489B2 JP 2015207753 A JP2015207753 A JP 2015207753A JP 2015207753 A JP2015207753 A JP 2015207753A JP 6494489 B2 JP6494489 B2 JP 6494489B2
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steering
pair
electric wheelchair
driver
slit
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JP2017060726A (en
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忠博 矢口
忠博 矢口
大輔 向
大輔 向
昭彦 大橋
昭彦 大橋
芳奈 後藤
芳奈 後藤
堀田 博之
博之 堀田
直樹 金澤
直樹 金澤
博典 渡邉
博典 渡邉
敬一郎 新井
敬一郎 新井
知久 資延
知久 資延
隆彦 森田
隆彦 森田
伶 小野
伶 小野
孝光 田島
孝光 田島
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、運転者が操作する操舵操作子と操舵輪との機械的な連結が切り離され、前記操舵輪を操舵する電動アクチュエータが前記操舵操作子の操作量に応じて電気的に駆動されるステアバイワイヤ式の電動車椅子に関する。   In the present invention, the mechanical connection between the steering operator operated by the driver and the steering wheel is disconnected, and the electric actuator for steering the steering wheel is electrically driven according to the operation amount of the steering operator. The present invention relates to a steer-by-wire electric wheelchair.

ステアバイワイヤ式の車両において、運転者が両手で握る左右一対の操作桿を左右方向に延びる軸まわりに揺動自在に支持し、センサで検出した操作桿の揺動角に基づいて操舵輪を電気的に操舵するものが、下記特許文献1により公知である。   In a steer-by-wire vehicle, a pair of left and right operating rods that the driver holds with both hands are supported so as to be swingable around an axis extending in the left-right direction, and the steering wheel is electrically operated based on the swing angle of the operating rod detected by the sensor. What is steered automatically is known from the following patent document 1.

またステアリングシャフトの上端に固定されて左右方向に延びる連結アームの両端に左右一対のグリップを設け、左右一対のグリップを運転者が両手で握って前後方向に操作することで、ステアリングシャフトを回転させて操舵輪を操舵するものが、下記特許文献2により公知である。   In addition, a pair of left and right grips are provided at both ends of the connecting arm that is fixed to the upper end of the steering shaft and extends in the left-right direction, and the steering shaft is rotated by the driver holding the pair of left and right grips with both hands and operating in the front-rear direction. A method for steering a steered wheel is disclosed in Patent Document 2 below.

特開2007−245815号公報JP 2007-245815 A 特開2007−326457号公報JP 2007-326457 A

ところで、上記特許文献1に記載されたものは、運転者が両手で握る左右一対の操作桿が左右方向に延びる軸まわりに並進運動ではなく揺動運動するため、操作時に運転者の手首関節が捻られて操作負担が増加する問題があった。また上記特許文献2に記載されたものは、運転者が両手で握る左右一対のグリップが上下方向に延びる軸まわりに並進運動ではなく揺動運動するため、操作時に運転者の肩関節および肘関節が捻られて操作負担が増加する問題があった。   By the way, what is described in Patent Document 1 described above is that the pair of left and right operating rods that the driver grips with both hands perform a swinging motion, not a translational motion around an axis extending in the left-right direction. There was a problem that the operation burden increased due to twisting. Further, in the above-mentioned Patent Document 2, the pair of left and right grips gripped by the driver with both hands perform a swinging motion instead of a translational motion around an axis extending in the vertical direction. There is a problem that the operation burden increases due to twisting.

特に、電動車椅子のような車両は高齢のユーザや身体の不自由なユーザが運転する場合が多いため、関節を捻らずに関節の伸縮だけで操舵できるようにして操作負担を軽減することが望ましい。   In particular, since a vehicle such as an electric wheelchair is often driven by an elderly user or a user with a physical disability, it is desirable to reduce the operation burden by allowing the vehicle to be steered only by expanding and contracting the joint without twisting the joint. .

本発明は前述の事情に鑑みてなされたもので、運転者の操舵操作の負担を軽減することが可能なステアバイワイヤ式の電動車椅子を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a steer-by-wire type electric wheelchair capable of reducing the burden of a driver's steering operation.

上記目的を達成するために、請求項1に記載された発明によれば、運転者が操作する操舵操作子と操舵輪との機械的な連結が切り離され、前記操舵輪を操舵する電動アクチュエータが前記操舵操作子の操作量に応じて電気的に駆動されるステアバイワイヤ式の電動車椅子であって、前記操舵操作子は、車体後方に向けて延びるプレート部材の左右両側から略左右方向に延びるようにして該プレート部材の左右に配置されると共に略前後方向に移動可能な左右一対の操作部材からなり、略L字状に形成された第1のスリットを両端部に有して左右方向に延びるリンクの中間部が、前記操作部材の操作量を検出する検出器に接続された連結軸を介して前記プレート部材の中央部に回転可能に枢支されると共に、前記プレート部材には、その左右両側縁に沿って第2のスリットが設けられ、前記第1のスリットと前記第2のスリットとを摺動可能に貫通する軸部材が前記操作部材に固定されて、前記左右一対の操作部材相互に逆方向に並進運動するように連結されることを特徴とする電動車椅子が提案される。 In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the invention, the mechanical connection between the steering operator operated by the driver and the steering wheel is disconnected, and an electric actuator for steering the steering wheel is provided. wherein an electric wheelchair steer-by-wire type which is electrically driven according to the operation amount of the steering operating element, the steering operation element, Ru extends substantially in the lateral from the left and right sides of the plate member extending toward the rear of the vehicle body way made a pair of left and right operating member movable in a substantially longitudinal direction while being arranged on the left and right of the plate member, a first slit formed in a substantially L shape in the lateral direction has at both ends An intermediate portion of the extending link is pivotally supported by the central portion of the plate member via a connecting shaft connected to a detector that detects an operation amount of the operation member. Both left and right Second slits are provided along the edges, the first slit and the second shaft member and a slit to slidably penetrate fixed to the operating member, the pair of right and left operating members are mutually The electric wheelchair is characterized in that it is connected so as to translate in the opposite direction.

また請求項2に記載された発明によれば、請求項1の構成に加えて、前記左右一対の操作部材は、左右方向外側が後方に向かうように「ハ」字状に傾斜することを特徴とする電動車椅子が提案される。   According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, the pair of left and right operation members are inclined in a “C” shape so that the outer side in the left and right direction is directed rearward. An electric wheelchair is proposed.

また請求項3に記載された発明によれば、請求項1または請求項2の構成に加えて、前記操舵輪は駆動輪であり、前記左右一対の操作部材を限界位置に操作したとき、前記操舵輪は車体中心線上の旋回中心点を中心とする円の接線と平行になることを特徴とする電動車椅子が提案される。   According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the configuration of claim 1 or claim 2, the steering wheel is a drive wheel, and when the pair of left and right operation members are operated to a limit position, An electric wheelchair is proposed in which the steered wheels are parallel to a tangent to a circle centering on a turning center point on the vehicle body center line.

なお、実施の形態の前輪17は本発明の操舵輪に対応し、実施の形態のハンドルグリップ23は本発明の操作部材に対応し、実施の形態の中間プレート35は本発明のプレート部材に対応し、実施の形態のスリット44aは本発明の第1のスリットに対応し、実施の形態のスリット35bは本発明の第2のスリットに対応し、実施の形態のボルト45は本発明の軸部材に対応し、実施の形態の回転角センサ47は本発明の検出器に対応する。 The front wheel 17 of the embodiment corresponds to the steered wheel of the present invention, the handle grip 23 of the embodiment corresponds to the operation member of the present invention, and the intermediate plate 35 of the embodiment corresponds to the plate member of the present invention. The slit 44a of the embodiment corresponds to the first slit of the present invention, the slit 35b of the embodiment corresponds to the second slit of the present invention, and the bolt 45 of the embodiment is the shaft member of the present invention. The rotation angle sensor 47 of the embodiment corresponds to the detector of the present invention .

請求項1の構成によれば、運転者が操作する操舵操作子と操舵輪との機械的な連結が切り離され、操舵輪を操舵する電動アクチュエータが操舵操作子の操作量に応じて電気的に駆動されるので、操舵系のレイアウトが簡素化されて車体前部における運転者のレッグスペースの確保や荷物の搭載スペースの確保が容易になる。   According to the configuration of the first aspect, the mechanical connection between the steering operator operated by the driver and the steering wheel is disconnected, and the electric actuator that steers the steering wheel is electrically operated according to the operation amount of the steering operator. Since it is driven, the layout of the steering system is simplified, and it becomes easy to secure the driver's leg space and the luggage mounting space at the front of the vehicle body.

また操舵操作子は略前後方向に移動する左右一対の操作部材からなり、左右一対の操作部材は相互に逆方向に並進運動するように連結されるので、運転者は操作部材の直感的な操作が可能になって誤操作が防止されるだけでなく、左右一方の操作部材を片手で操作するだけで操舵を行うことができる。しかも運転者は肩関節および肘関節の伸縮だけで操作部材を操作することが可能となり、関節を捻る操作が不要になって身体的な負担が軽減される。更に左右一対の操作部材は同方向には移動しないので、運転者が左右一対の操作部材に体重を掛けても直進走行状態を維持することができ、運転者の身体的な負担が一層軽減される。   The steering operator is composed of a pair of left and right operation members that move substantially in the front-rear direction, and the pair of left and right operation members are connected so as to translate in opposite directions, so that the driver can intuitively operate the operation members. Thus, it is possible not only to prevent an erroneous operation but also to perform steering by operating one of the left and right operation members with one hand. In addition, the driver can operate the operation member only by expanding and contracting the shoulder joint and the elbow joint, and an operation of twisting the joint becomes unnecessary, thereby reducing the physical burden. Further, since the pair of left and right operation members do not move in the same direction, the driver can maintain a straight traveling state even when the driver puts weight on the pair of left and right operation members, and the physical burden on the driver is further reduced. The

しかも左右方向に延びるリンクの第1のスリットが略L字状に形成されているため、操作部材を限界位置まで操作する直前に操作力の変動を発生させることができ、これにより運転者に操作部材が限界位置に近づいたことを知覚させることができる。In addition, since the first slit of the link extending in the left-right direction is formed in an approximately L shape, the operating force can be changed immediately before the operating member is operated to the limit position. It can be perceived that the member has approached the limit position.

また請求項2の構成によれば、左右一対の操作部材は、左右方向外側が後方に向かうように「ハ」字状に傾斜するので、運転者は手首を曲げることなく操作部材を楽に握ることができ、操舵操作が一層容易になる。   According to the second aspect of the present invention, the pair of left and right operation members are inclined in a “C” shape so that the outer side in the left and right direction is directed rearward, so that the driver can easily grip the operation members without bending the wrist. The steering operation becomes easier.

また請求項3の構成によれば、操舵輪は駆動輪であり、左右一対の操作部材を限界位置に操作したとき、操舵輪は車体中心線上の旋回中心点を中心とする円の接線と平行になるので、車体中心線上の旋回中心点を中心として車体を信地旋回させることが可能となり、狭い場所での方向変換が容易になる。   According to the third aspect of the present invention, the steered wheel is a drive wheel, and when the pair of left and right operation members are operated to the limit position, the steered wheel is parallel to a tangent of a circle centering on the turning center point on the vehicle body center line. Therefore, the vehicle body can be pivoted around the turning center point on the vehicle body center line, and the direction change in a narrow place becomes easy.

電動車椅子の側面図。The side view of an electric wheelchair. 図1の2方向矢視図。FIG. 2 is a two-direction arrow view of FIG. 1. 操舵装置の平面図。The top view of a steering device. 操舵装置の分解斜視図。The exploded perspective view of a steering device. 操舵装置の作用説明図。Action | operation explanatory drawing of a steering device. 信地旋回の作用説明図。FIG.

以下、図1〜図6に基づいて本発明の実施の形態を説明する。なお、本明細書において、前後方向、左右方向および上下方向とは、シートに着座して電動車椅子を運転しているときの運転者を基準として定義される。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the present specification, the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction are defined on the basis of a driver who is sitting on a seat and driving an electric wheelchair.

図1および図2に示すように、電動車椅子11の骨格は、概ね平坦なフロアパネル12と、フロアパネル12の前端に接続された前部フレーム13と、フロアパネル12の後端に接続された後部フレーム14と、前部フレーム13から斜め後方に起立する左右一対のハンドルポスト15,15と、前部フレーム13および後部フレーム14の境界から斜め後方に起立する左右一対のシートステー16,16とを備える。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the skeleton of the electric wheelchair 11 is connected to a substantially flat floor panel 12, a front frame 13 connected to the front end of the floor panel 12, and a rear end of the floor panel 12. A rear frame 14, a pair of left and right handle posts 15 and 15 standing obliquely rearward from the front frame 13, and a pair of left and right seat stays 16 and 16 standing obliquely rearward from the boundary between the front frame 13 and the rear frame 14; Is provided.

前部フレーム13の左右両端部には、駆動輪であり操舵輪である左右一対の前輪17,17がキングピン18,18まわりに操舵可能に支持される。フロアパネル12の内部に搭載したバッテリ(不図示)で前輪17,17の内部に収納したインホイールモータ19,19を駆動することで、電動車椅子11は走行可能である。前部フレーム13の上面に設けた左右一対の電動アクチュエータ20,20が左右の前輪17,17に無端チェーン(不図示)で接続されており、電動アクチュエータ20,20を駆動することで前輪17,17が操舵される。後部フレーム14の後端に左右一対の後輪21,21が支持される。後輪21,21は従動輪であり、電動車椅子11の走行に伴って回転する。   A pair of left and right front wheels 17, 17 that are driving wheels and steering wheels are supported on the left and right ends of the front frame 13 so as to be steerable around the king pins 18, 18. The electric wheelchair 11 can run by driving the in-wheel motors 19 and 19 housed in the front wheels 17 and 17 by a battery (not shown) mounted in the floor panel 12. A pair of left and right electric actuators 20, 20 provided on the upper surface of the front frame 13 are connected to the left and right front wheels 17, 17 by endless chains (not shown), and the front wheels 17, 20 are driven by driving the electric actuators 20, 20. 17 is steered. A pair of left and right rear wheels 21 and 21 are supported at the rear end of the rear frame 14. The rear wheels 21 and 21 are driven wheels and rotate as the electric wheelchair 11 travels.

ハンドルポスト15,15の上端に運転者により操作される操舵装置22が設けられる。操舵装置22は、運転者が左右の手で握って操作する左右一対のハンドルグリップ23,23を備える。またシートステー16,16の上端に運転者が着座するシート24が設けられる。   A steering device 22 operated by the driver is provided at the upper ends of the handle posts 15 and 15. The steering device 22 includes a pair of left and right handle grips 23, 23 that are operated by a driver grasping with left and right hands. A seat 24 on which a driver sits is provided at the upper end of the seat stays 16 and 16.

次に、図3および図4に基づいて操舵装置22の構造を説明する。   Next, the structure of the steering device 22 will be described based on FIGS. 3 and 4.

ハンドルポスト15,15の上端に設けた門型のブラケット31の下部に台形状の下部プレート32が固定されており、下部プレート32の上面の左右両側縁に沿って左右一対のガイドレール33,33が設けられる。下部プレート32の上面に2個の円筒状の下部スペーサ34,34を介して台形状の中間プレート35が載置され、更に中間プレート35の上面に2個の円筒状の上部スペーサ36,36を介してやや小さい台形状の上部プレート37が載置され、下部プレート32の下面側から挿入した2本のボルト38,38が、下部スペーサ34,34、中間プレート35および上部スペーサ36,36を貫通して上部プレート37に螺合することで、下部プレート32、中間プレート35および上部プレート37が相互に平行な状態でブラケット31に支持される。上部プレート37は更に2本のボルト39,39でブラケット31に締結され、下部プレート32、中間プレート35および上部プレート37の支持剛性が高められる。   A trapezoidal lower plate 32 is fixed to the lower part of a gate-shaped bracket 31 provided at the upper ends of the handle posts 15, 15, and a pair of left and right guide rails 33, 33 is formed along the left and right side edges of the upper surface of the lower plate 32. Is provided. A trapezoidal intermediate plate 35 is placed on the upper surface of the lower plate 32 via two cylindrical lower spacers 34, 34, and two cylindrical upper spacers 36, 36 are mounted on the upper surface of the intermediate plate 35. A small trapezoidal upper plate 37 is placed therethrough, and two bolts 38, 38 inserted from the lower surface side of the lower plate 32 penetrate the lower spacers 34, 34, the intermediate plate 35 and the upper spacers 36, 36. The lower plate 32, the intermediate plate 35, and the upper plate 37 are supported by the bracket 31 in a state of being parallel to each other by being screwed to the upper plate 37. The upper plate 37 is further fastened to the bracket 31 with two bolts 39, 39, and the support rigidity of the lower plate 32, the intermediate plate 35 and the upper plate 37 is increased.

略左右方向に配置された左右のハンドルグリップ23,23の相互に対向する端部に固定された左右一対のボス部40,40の下面に、ガイドレール33,33に摺動自在に係合する左右一対のスライダ41,41が設けられる。従って、下部プレート32および上部プレート37間に配置された左右のボス部40,40と共に左右のハンドルグリップ23,23は略前後方向に移動可能である。   The guide rails 33 and 33 are slidably engaged with the lower surfaces of the pair of left and right boss portions 40 and 40 fixed to the opposite ends of the left and right handle grips 23 and 23 disposed substantially in the left-right direction. A pair of left and right sliders 41 are provided. Accordingly, the left and right handle grips 23, 23 together with the left and right boss portions 40, 40 disposed between the lower plate 32 and the upper plate 37 can move substantially in the front-rear direction.

上部プレート37の中央部に形成した支持孔37aに回転自在に嵌合する上部ブッシュ42と、中間プレート35の中央部に形成した支持孔35aに回転自在に嵌合する嵌合する下部ブッシュ43との間に、左右方向に延びるリンク44の中間部が固定される。リンク44の両端部に形成されたスリット44a,44aと、中間プレート35の左右両側縁に沿って形成されたスリット35b,35bとを上から下に貫通する左右一対のボルト45,45が、左右のボス部40,40の上面に螺合する。従って、左右のハンドルグリップ23,23はリンク44を介して相互に逆方向に移動するように連結される。   An upper bush 42 that is rotatably fitted in a support hole 37a formed in the central portion of the upper plate 37, and a lower bush 43 that is fitted in a support hole 35a formed in the central portion of the intermediate plate 35 so as to be freely rotatable. In between, the intermediate part of the link 44 extended in the left-right direction is fixed. A pair of left and right bolts 45, 45 penetrating from the top to the bottom through slits 44a, 44a formed at both ends of the link 44 and slits 35b, 35b formed along the left and right side edges of the intermediate plate 35 are Are screwed onto the upper surfaces of the boss portions 40, 40. Therefore, the left and right handle grips 23, 23 are connected via the link 44 so as to move in opposite directions.

上部ブッシュ42と一体に回転する連結軸46は下部ブッシュ43および下部プレート32の中央の開口部32aを上から下に貫通し、ハンドルポスト15,15に支持した回転角センサ47に接続される。回転角センサ47は、リンク44の回転角、即ち左右のハンドルグリップ23,23の操作量を検出する。ステアバイワイヤ装置の電子制御ユニット(不図示)は、回転角センサ47で検出したハンドルグリップ23,23の操作量に応じて左右の電動アクチュエータ20,20を駆動することで、左右の前輪17,17を操舵する。   The connecting shaft 46 that rotates integrally with the upper bush 42 passes through the lower bush 43 and the central opening 32 a of the lower plate 32 from the top to the bottom, and is connected to a rotation angle sensor 47 supported by the handle posts 15 and 15. The rotation angle sensor 47 detects the rotation angle of the link 44, that is, the operation amount of the left and right handle grips 23, 23. An electronic control unit (not shown) of the steer-by-wire device drives the left and right electric actuators 20, 20 according to the operation amount of the handle grips 23, 23 detected by the rotation angle sensor 47, so that the left and right front wheels 17, 17 are driven. Steering.

左右のガイドレール33,33は、前側が左右方向外側に向かうように運転者から見て逆「ハ」字状に傾斜するので、ガイドレール33,33に対して直角に延びる左右のハンドルグリップ23,23は、運転者から見て左右方向外側が後方に向かうように「ハ」字状に傾斜することになる。また側面視で下部プレート32、中間プレート35および上部プレート37は若干前下りに傾斜するため(図1参照)、ハンドルグリップ23,23の移動軌跡も後上方から前下方に傾斜する。   The left and right guide rails 33, 33 are inclined in a reverse “C” shape as viewed from the driver so that the front side is directed outward in the left-right direction. , 23 are inclined in a “C” shape so that the outer side in the left-right direction is directed rearward as viewed from the driver. Further, since the lower plate 32, the intermediate plate 35, and the upper plate 37 are slightly inclined forward and downward in a side view (see FIG. 1), the movement trajectories of the handle grips 23 and 23 are also inclined from the rear upper side to the front lower side.

次に、上記構成を備えた本発明の実施の形態の作用を説明する。   Next, the operation of the embodiment of the present invention having the above configuration will be described.

シート24に着座した運転者は、左右の手で左右のハンドルグリップ23,23を握って前後方向に操作する。このとき、左右のハンドルグリップ23,23は運転者から見て「ハ」字状に開いているため、運転者は特に手首関節を曲げることなく、単に両手を前方に伸ばすだけで、楽にハンドルグリップ23,23を握ることができる。しかもハンドルグリップ23,23の移動軌跡は側面視で後上方から前下方に傾斜するため、運転者の腕の姿勢が楽なって操作性が向上する。   The driver seated on the seat 24 operates the front and rear direction by grasping the left and right handle grips 23, 23 with the left and right hands. At this time, since the left and right handle grips 23 and 23 are opened in a “C” shape when viewed from the driver, the driver can easily extend the handle grip by simply extending both hands forward without bending the wrist joint. 23, 23 can be held. Moreover, since the movement trajectories of the handle grips 23 and 23 are inclined from the rear upper side to the front lower side in a side view, the posture of the driver's arm is facilitated and operability is improved.

図5(A)に示すように、左側のハンドルグリップ23を前方に押して右側のハンドルグリップ23を後方に引くと、左側のハンドルグリップ23のボス部40に螺合するボルト45がリンク44の左側のスリット44aを押し、右側のハンドルグリップ23のボス部40に螺合するボルト45がリンク44の右側のスリット44aを引くことで、リンク44が右まわりに回転し、その回転角が連結軸46を介して回転角センサ47に伝達されることで、ハンドルグリップ23,23の右旋回方向の操作量が検出され、ステアバイワイヤ制御により電動車椅子11が右旋回する。   As shown in FIG. 5A, when the left handle grip 23 is pushed forward and the right handle grip 23 is pulled backward, the bolt 45 screwed into the boss portion 40 of the left handle grip 23 is moved to the left side of the link 44. When the slit 44a is pushed and the bolt 45 screwed into the boss 40 of the right handle grip 23 pulls the right slit 44a of the link 44, the link 44 rotates clockwise, and the rotation angle thereof is the connecting shaft 46. Is transmitted to the rotation angle sensor 47, the amount of operation of the handlebar grips 23, 23 in the right turning direction is detected, and the electric wheelchair 11 turns right by steer-by-wire control.

逆に、図5(B)に示すように、右側のハンドルグリップ23を前方に押して左側のハンドルグリップ23を後方に引くと、右側のハンドルグリップ23のボス部40に螺合するボルト45がリンク44の右側のスリット44aを押し、左側のハンドルグリップ23のボス部40に螺合するボルト45がリンク44の左側のスリット44aを引くことで、リンク44が左まわりに回転し、その回転角が連結軸46を介して回転角センサ47に伝達されることで、ハンドルグリップ23,23の左旋回方向の操作量が検出され、ステアバイワイヤ制御により電動車椅子11が左旋回する。   Conversely, as shown in FIG. 5B, when the right handle grip 23 is pushed forward and the left handle grip 23 is pulled rearward, the bolt 45 screwed into the boss 40 of the right handle grip 23 is linked. When the right slit 44a of 44 is pushed and the bolt 45 screwed to the boss 40 of the left handle grip 23 pulls the left slit 44a of the link 44, the link 44 rotates counterclockwise, and the rotation angle is By being transmitted to the rotation angle sensor 47 via the connecting shaft 46, the amount of operation of the handlebar grips 23, 23 in the left turning direction is detected, and the electric wheelchair 11 turns left by steer-by-wire control.

またリンク44のスリット44a,44aは略L字状に形成されているため、ハンドルグリップ23,23を限界位置まで操作する直前に操作力の変動を発生させることができ、これにより運転者にハンドルグリップ23,23が限界位置に近づいたことを知覚させることができる。   Further, since the slits 44a and 44a of the link 44 are formed in a substantially L shape, the operating force can be changed immediately before the handle grips 23 and 23 are operated to the limit position. It can be perceived that the grips 23, 23 are approaching the limit position.

このステアバイワイヤ制御により、電動車椅子11の操舵系のレイアウトが簡素化されて車体前部における運転者のレッグスペースの確保や荷物の搭載スペースの確保が容易になる。   By this steer-by-wire control, the layout of the steering system of the electric wheelchair 11 is simplified, and it is easy to secure the driver's leg space and the luggage mounting space at the front of the vehicle body.

左右のハンドルグリップ23,23は、直線状のガイドレール33,33に案内されて回転することなく並進運動するため、運転者の手首関節は一定の角度を保ったままであり、手首関節を曲げることによる運転者の操作負担が発生しない。しかも運転者の肩関節および肘関節は単に伸縮するだけで捻られることがないため、運転者の操作負担が軽減される。   The left and right handle grips 23, 23 are guided by the linear guide rails 33, 33 to translate without rotating, so that the wrist joint of the driver remains at a constant angle and the wrist joint is bent. The driver's operation burden due to is not generated. In addition, the shoulder joints and elbow joints of the driver simply extend and contract and are not twisted, so that the operation burden on the driver is reduced.

また左右のハンドルグリップ23,23はリンク44を介して相互に逆方向に並進運動するように連結されるので、運転者はハンドルグリップ23,23の直感的な操作が可能になって誤操作が防止されるだけでなく、左右一方のハンドルグリップ23,23を片手で操作するだけで操舵を行うことができる。しかも左右のハンドルグリップ23,23は同方向には移動しないので、運転者が左右のハンドルグリップ23,23に体重を掛けても直進走行状態を維持することができ、運転者の身体的な負担が一層軽減される。   Also, the left and right handle grips 23, 23 are connected via a link 44 so as to translate in opposite directions to each other, so that the driver can intuitively operate the handle grips 23, 23 to prevent erroneous operation. In addition, the steering can be performed only by operating the left and right handle grips 23, 23 with one hand. Moreover, since the left and right handle grips 23, 23 do not move in the same direction, even if the driver puts weight on the left and right handle grips 23, 23, the straight running state can be maintained, and the physical burden on the driver is reduced. Is further reduced.

ステアバイワイヤ制御により、左右の前輪17,17の操舵角はハンドルグリップ23,23の操作量に応じた値に制御されるが、図5(A)および図5(B)に示すように、ハンドルグリップ23,23を限界位置まで操作すると、操舵輪である前輪17,17が駆動輪でもあるため、図6に示すように、電動車椅子11はその場所で信地旋回する。即ち、ハンドルグリップ23,23を限界位置まで操作したとき、左右の前輪17,17は、車体中心線上であって左右の後輪21,21の中間点に近い旋回中心点Oを中心とする円Cの接線Tと平行になるように操舵される。その結果、電動車椅子11は旋回中心点Oまわりに信地旋回することが可能となり、狭い場所での電動車椅子11の取り回しが容易になる。   By steer-by-wire control, the steering angle of the left and right front wheels 17, 17 is controlled to a value corresponding to the operation amount of the handle grips 23, 23. As shown in FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B), the steering wheel When the grips 23 and 23 are operated to the limit position, the front wheels 17 and 17 that are the steered wheels are also the drive wheels, so that the electric wheelchair 11 turns at the place as shown in FIG. That is, when the handle grips 23, 23 are operated to the limit position, the left and right front wheels 17, 17 are circles centered on the turning center point O on the vehicle body center line and close to the midpoint between the left and right rear wheels 21, 21. It is steered so as to be parallel to the tangent line T of C. As a result, it becomes possible for the electric wheelchair 11 to turn around the turning center point O, and the handling of the electric wheelchair 11 in a narrow place becomes easy.

以上、本発明の実施の形態を説明したが、本発明はその要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の設計変更を行うことが可能である。   The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but various design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

例えば、実施の形態では左右のハンドルグリップ23,23が運転者から見て「ハ」字状に配置されるが、左右のハンドルグリップ23,23は略左右方向に配置されていれば良い。   For example, in the embodiment, the left and right handle grips 23, 23 are arranged in a “C” shape when viewed from the driver, but the left and right handle grips 23, 23 may be arranged substantially in the left-right direction.

また実施の形態では左右のハンドルグリップ23,23が左右のガイドレール33,33に案内されて運転者から見て逆「ハ」字状の軌跡上を移動するが、左右のハンドルグリップ23,23の移動軌跡は略前後方向であれば良い。   In the embodiment, the left and right handle grips 23, 23 are guided by the left and right guide rails 33, 33 and move on a reverse “C” -shaped locus as viewed from the driver. The movement trajectory may be substantially in the front-rear direction.

17 前輪(操舵輪)
20 電動アクチュエータ
23 ハンドルグリップ(操作部材)
35 中間プレート(プレート部材)
35b スリット(第2のスリット)
44 リンク
44a スリット(第1のスリット)
45 ボルト(軸部材)
46 連結軸
47 回転角センサ(検出器)
O 旋回中心点

17 Front wheel (steering wheel)
20 Electric actuator 23 Handle grip (operation member)
35 intermediate plate (plate member)
35b slit (second slit)
44 links
44a slit (first slit)
45 bolt (shaft member)
46 connecting shafts
47 rotation angle sensor (detector)
O Turning center point

Claims (3)

運転者が操作する操舵操作子と操舵輪(17)との機械的な連結が切り離され、前記操舵輪(17)を操舵する電動アクチュエータ(20)が前記操舵操作子の操作量に応じて電気的に駆動されるステアバイワイヤ式の電動車椅子であって、
前記操舵操作子は、車体後方に向けて延びるプレート部材(35)の左右両側から略左右方向に延びるようにして該プレート部材(35)の左右に配置されると共に略前後方向に移動可能な左右一対の操作部材(23)からなり、
略L字状に形成された第1のスリット(44a)を両端部に有して左右方向に延びるリンク(44)の中間部が、前記操作部材(23)の操作量を検出する検出器(47)に接続された連結軸(46)を介して前記プレート部材(35)の中央部に回転可能に枢支されると共に、前記プレート部材(35)には、その左右両側縁に沿って第2のスリット(35b)が設けられ、
前記第1のスリット(44a)と前記第2のスリット(35b)とを摺動可能に貫通する軸部材(45)が前記操作部材(23)に固定されて、前記左右一対の操作部材(23)相互に逆方向に並進運動するように連結されることを特徴とする電動車椅子。
The mechanical connection between the steering operator operated by the driver and the steering wheel (17) is disconnected, and the electric actuator (20) for steering the steering wheel (17) is electrically operated according to the operation amount of the steering operator. Driven steer-by-wire electric wheelchair,
The steering operating element, movable substantially in the longitudinal direction together with the right and left sides of the plate member (35) extending toward the rear of the vehicle body in the so that extend substantially in the lateral is disposed on the left and right of the plate member (35) It consists of a pair of left and right operating members (23),
A detector (1) having a first slit (44a) formed in a substantially L shape at both ends and an intermediate portion of a link (44) extending in the left-right direction detects an operation amount of the operation member (23). 47) is pivotally supported by the central portion of the plate member (35) via a connecting shaft (46) connected to the plate member (35). 2 slits (35b) are provided,
A shaft member (45) slidably passing through the first slit (44a) and the second slit (35b) is fixed to the operation member (23), and the pair of left and right operation members (23 ) motorized, characterized in that it is connected so as to translate in opposite directions to each other wheelchair.
前記左右一対の操作部材(23)は、左右方向外側が後方に向かうように傾斜することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の電動車椅子。   The electric wheelchair according to claim 1, wherein the pair of left and right operation members (23) are inclined such that an outer side in the left-right direction is directed rearward. 前記操舵輪(17)は駆動輪であり、前記左右一対の操作部材(23)を限界位置に操作したとき、前記操舵輪(17)は車体中心線上の旋回中心点(O)を中心とする円の接線と平行になることを特徴とする、請求項1または請求項2に記載の電動車椅子。   The steering wheel (17) is a driving wheel, and when the pair of left and right operating members (23) are operated to the limit position, the steering wheel (17) is centered on the turning center point (O) on the vehicle body center line. The electric wheelchair according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electric wheelchair is parallel to a tangent of a circle.
JP2015207753A 2015-09-25 2015-10-22 Electric wheelchair Active JP6494489B2 (en)

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