JP6338532B2 - 茶葉抽出物 - Google Patents
茶葉抽出物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6338532B2 JP6338532B2 JP2014543343A JP2014543343A JP6338532B2 JP 6338532 B2 JP6338532 B2 JP 6338532B2 JP 2014543343 A JP2014543343 A JP 2014543343A JP 2014543343 A JP2014543343 A JP 2014543343A JP 6338532 B2 JP6338532 B2 JP 6338532B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- leaf extract
- tea leaf
- tea
- weight
- delphinidin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Description
〔1〕茶葉抽出物の乾燥重量に対して、デルフィニジンまたはその配糖体0.13重量%以上と、カテキン類23.0重量%以下とを含む茶葉抽出物。
〔2〕茶葉を、茶葉乾燥重量の10倍量以上の水を用いて、温度70℃〜95℃、時間5分〜60分の条件で抽出して得られる上記〔1〕に記載の茶葉抽出物。
〔3〕アントシアニンの含有量に占めるデルフィニジンまたはその配糖体の含有量の比率が50%以上である上記〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の茶葉抽出物。
〔4〕エピガロカテキンガレートを、茶葉抽出物の乾燥重量に対して10.5重量%以下含む上記〔1〕〜〔3〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物。
〔5〕カフェインを、茶葉抽出物の乾燥重量に対して5.4重量%以下含む上記〔1〕〜〔4〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物。
〔6〕アミノ酸を、茶葉抽出物の乾燥重量に対して1.0重量%以上含む上記〔1〕〜〔5〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物。
〔7〕茶葉が緑茶の茶葉である上記〔1〕〜〔6〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物。
〔8〕茶葉がサンルージュの茶葉である上記〔1〕〜〔7〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物。
〔9〕粉末である、上記〔1〕〜〔8〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物。
〔10〕茶葉抽出物を温度100℃、時間120分の条件で加熱したとき、茶葉抽出物中のデルフィニジンまたはその配糖体の残存率が90%以上である、上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物。
〔11〕茶葉を、茶葉乾燥重量の10倍量以上の水を用いて、温度70℃〜95℃、時間5分〜60分の条件で抽出する、茶葉抽出物の重量に対して、デルフィニジンが0.13重量%以上であり、カテキン類が23.0重量%以下である茶葉抽出物の製造方法。
〔12〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物を含む飲食品。
〔13〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物を含む化粧品。
〔14〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物を含む血糖値降下剤。
〔15〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物を含む抗糖尿病剤。
〔16〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物を含むコレシストキニン受容体活性化剤。
〔17〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物を含むアドレナリン受容体拮抗剤。
〔18〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物を含む自律神経系症状亢進剤。
〔19〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物を含む運動性亢進剤。
〔20〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物をヒトまたはヒト以外の動物に投与する、高血糖の治療又は予防方法。
〔21〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物をヒトまたはヒト以外の動物に投与する、糖尿病の治療又は予防方法。
〔22〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物をヒトまたはヒト以外の動物に投与する、コレシストキニン受容体の活性化方法。
〔23〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物を含むアドレナリン受容体の阻害方法。
〔24〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物を含む自律神経系症状の亢進方法。
〔25〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物をヒトまたはヒト以外の動物に投与する、運動性の亢進方法。
〔26〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物をヒトまたはヒト以外の動物に投与する、血糖値降下のための使用。
〔27〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物の、糖尿病の改善、緩和、治療または予防のための使用。
〔28〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物を含むコレシストキニン受容体活性化のための使用。
〔29〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物を含むアドレナリン受容体阻害のための使用。
〔30〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物を含む自律神経系症状亢進のための使用。
〔31〕上記〔1〕〜〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の茶葉抽出物の、運動性亢進または刺激のための使用。
デルフィニジンまたはその配糖体の残存率(%)=
{(茶葉抽出物を温度100℃、時間120分の条件で加熱した後のデルフィニジンまたはその配糖体の含有量)/(上記加熱前の茶葉抽出物のデルフィニジンまたはその配糖体の含有量)}×100
本発明の茶葉抽出物は、デルフィニジンまたはその誘導体を豊富に含むので、アントシアニンとしての機能を十分に発揮することができる。また、安定性が高く、ヒト又はヒト以外の動物(例えば、ウシ、ブタ、ヤギ、ヒツジ等の家畜、ニワトリ等の家禽、ラット、マウス、ハムスター、モルモット、ウサギ等の実験動物、イヌ、ネコ、小鳥等の愛玩動物など)において、血糖値降下作用、自律神経系症状の亢進又は刺激、自発運動などの運動の亢進または刺激、コレシストキニン受容体(例えば、A、B受容体、好ましくはB受容体)、アドレナリン受容体(例えば、α1〜2およびβ1〜3受容体、好ましくはα2受容体、より好ましくはα2A受容体)などの神経に関わる受容体の調節、などの作用を有する。よって、抗ストレス性(ストレスの改善、緩和又は予防);眼精疲労の抑制、改善、緩和、治療又は予防;抗炎症(炎症の改善、緩和、治療又は予防);抗酸化性;抗糖尿病(糖尿病の改善、緩和、治療又は予防);動脈硬化の抑制、改善、緩和、治療又は予防、自律神経系症状の亢進又は刺激;自発運動等の運動性の亢進又は刺激などの作用を発揮することができる。また、カテキン類の含有量が抑えられているので、苦味および渋味が少なく嗜好性に優れている。さらに、カテキン類とデルフィニジンまたはその誘導体との組み合わせにより、抗酸化作用、抗ストレス効果等のカテキン類が有する作用も発揮され、複合的な効果が期待できる。
以下の条件で茶葉抽出物を得た。
比色法により、カテキン類の検量線から全量のカテキン類の含有量を測定したこと、および温度を4℃、30℃、50℃、70℃、90℃、95℃のいずれかとしたこと以外は、実験例1と同様にした。結果を図2に示す。
品種間による比較として、「サンルージュ」、最も植栽面積比の高い「やぶきた」、「サンルージュ」の親株でありアントシアニンとカテキンを含有している「茶中間母本農6号(F95181)」を用いて、以下の条件で茶葉抽出物を得た。
抽出溶媒として酢酸を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にした。
実施例1、比較例1〜5で得られた結果を表1に示す。単位は、茶葉抽出液の乾燥重量あたりの重量%で記載した。
熱安定性の評価
以下の条件で茶葉抽出物を得た。
デルフィニジンリッチな既存流通品であるマキベリー由来エキス粉末(オリザ油化社製、商品名:マキベリーエキス)の規格値を用いた。
実施例2と同様の材料を用い、実施例2と同様にして茶葉抽出物の粉末を得た。体重22±2gの雄性ICR系マウス(各群5匹)に対し、茶葉抽出物の粉末を、1回につき体重あたり500mg/kgの用量に調整し、連続5日間1日1回経口投与した。茶葉抽出物の供試中は、通常実験用飼料、および水を自由摂取させた。尚、試験開始前に一晩絶食させた。茶葉抽出物の最終投与から30分後にブドウ糖負荷した(体重あたりのブドウ糖1g/kgを皮下注射)。最終投与後からブドウ糖負荷前の間、およびブトウ糖負荷60分後(最終投与の90分後)に血液検体を採取した。各マウスのブドウ糖負荷前後の血糖値を測定し、血糖値上昇率を算出した。
茶葉抽出物の粉末を投与せずに水のみを投与したほかは実施例3と同様とした。
*は、溶媒投与対照区との間で、一元配置分散分析及びDunnett検定にて有意差(P<0.05)があることを示す。
SEMは標準誤差を示す。
実施例2と同様の材料を用い、実施例2と同様にして茶葉抽出物の粉末を得た。体重23±3gの雄性ICR系マウス(各群5匹)に対し、茶葉抽出物の粉末を、1回につき体重あたり500mg/kgの用量に調整し、連続5日間1日1回経口投与した。茶葉抽出物の供試中は、通常実験用飼料、および水を自由摂取させた。茶葉抽出物の最終投与後1時間以内の自立神経系症状発症の有無を、熟練した評価員の下、目視評価した。
茶葉抽出物の粉末を投与せずに水のみを投与したほかは実施例4と同様とした。
±:軽度;+:重度;F:早い
n/5のnは、その症状を示した個体数を示す。
実施例2と同様の材料を用い、実施例2と同様にして茶葉抽出物の粉末を得た。体重23±3gの雄性ICR系マウス(各群5匹)に対し、茶葉抽出物の粉末を、1回につき体重あたり500mg/kgの用量に調整し、連続5日間1日1回経口投与した。茶葉抽出物の供試中は、通常実験用飼料、および水を自由摂取させた。茶葉抽出物の最終投与から1時間後に、マウスの以下10項目の行動反応について、パラメータを測定した:易刺激性;自発運動の亢進;眼瞼の拡大;驚樗反応の亢進;接触反応の亢進;探索行動の亢進;立毛;挙尾;振戦;及び痙攣。各観察項目を通常時であれば0点とし、各観察項目の最大の運動刺激を2点とし、合計は2(点)×10(項目)×5(匹)=100点とした。合計スコアが20点以上となった場合、有意な刺激性があるとした。
茶葉抽出物の粉末を投与せずに水のみを投与したほかは実施例5と同様とした。
実施例2と同様の材料を用い、実施例2と同様にして茶葉抽出物の粉末を得た。体重155±5gの一晩絶食させた雄性Wistar系ラット(各群5匹)に対し、茶葉抽出物の粉末を、1回につき体重あたり500mg/kgの用量に調整し、連続5日間1日1回経口投与した。茶葉抽出物の供試中は、通常実験用飼料、および水を自由摂取させた。試験開始2時間前および茶葉抽出物の最終投与の1時間後に、生理食塩水を強制経口投与して胃液酸性度(μEq HCl/mL)を求めた。
茶葉抽出物の粉末を投与せずに水のみを投与したほかは、実施例6と同様とした。
*は、比較例10(溶媒投与対照区)との間で、一元配置分散分析及びDunnett検定にて有意差(P<0.05)があることを示す。
実施例2と同様の材料を用い、実施例2と同様にして茶葉抽出物の粉末を得た。体重150±20gの雄性SD系ラット(各群5匹)に対し、1回につき体重あたり500mg/kgの用量に調整し、連続5日間1日1回経口投与した。茶葉抽出物の供試中は、通常実験用飼料、および水を自由摂取させた。茶葉抽出物の最終投与から30分後にクロニジン(0.03mg/kg、腹腔内投与(IP))を投与した。さらに20分後、動物をペントバルビタールナトリウム(40mg/kg、腹腔内投与(IP))で麻酔し、その10分後に心拍数を記録した。
茶葉抽出物の粉末を投与せずに水のみを投与したほかは、実施例7と同様とした。
サンルージュ茶葉2gを80℃のお湯100mlで5分間抽出した。それらの抽出液(試験飲料1)をパネラー8人で試飲後、甘味、苦渋味及び爽快感のうちより強く感じるものを選択してもらった。
サンルージュ茶葉の代わりに市販されているやぶきた茶葉(1000円/100g)を用いて、実施例8と同様に抽出液(試験飲料2)を得て、実施例8と同様に試飲及び評価を行った。
Claims (11)
- 茶葉抽出物の乾燥重量に対して、デルフィニジンまたはその配糖体0.13重量%以上と、カテキン類23.0重量%以下とを含み、茶葉抽出物を温度100℃、時間120分の条件で加熱したとき、茶葉抽出物中のデルフィニジンまたはその配糖体の残存率が90%以上であり、
サンルージュの茶葉を、茶葉乾燥重量の10倍量以上の水を用いて、温度および時間がそれぞれ70℃〜95℃、5分〜60分の条件で水抽出して得られる抽出物である、
茶葉抽出物。 - サンルージュの茶葉を、茶葉乾燥重量の10倍量以上の水を用いて、温度70℃〜95℃、時間5分〜60分の条件で抽出すること、及び、茶葉抽出物を温度100℃、時間120分の条件で加熱したとき、茶葉抽出物中のデルフィニジンまたはその配糖体の残存率が90%以上であることを確認すること、を含む、茶葉抽出物の重量に対して、デルフィニジンが0.13重量%以上であり、カテキン類が23.0重量%以下であり、茶葉抽出物を温度100℃、時間120分の条件で加熱したとき、茶葉抽出物中のデルフィニジンまたはその配糖体の残存率が90%以上である茶葉抽出物の製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載の茶葉抽出物を含む飲食品。
- 請求項1に記載の茶葉抽出物を含む化粧品。
- 請求項1に記載の茶葉抽出物を含む血糖値降下剤。
- 請求項1に記載の茶葉抽出物を含む抗糖尿病剤。
- 請求項1に記載の茶葉抽出物を含むコレシストキニン受容体活性化剤。
- 請求項1に記載の茶葉抽出物を含むアドレナリン受容体拮抗剤。
- 請求項1に記載の茶葉抽出物を含む自律神経系症状亢進剤。
- 請求項1に記載の茶葉抽出物を含む運動性亢進剤。
- 請求項1に記載の茶葉抽出物を含む、血糖値降下用、抗糖尿病用、コレシストキニン受容体活性化用、アドレナリン受容体拮抗用、自律神経系症状亢進用、又は運動性亢進用飲食品組成物。
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