JP6334247B2 - 再生フィラー含有プラスチックシート及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
再生フィラー含有プラスチックシート及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6334247B2 JP6334247B2 JP2014094800A JP2014094800A JP6334247B2 JP 6334247 B2 JP6334247 B2 JP 6334247B2 JP 2014094800 A JP2014094800 A JP 2014094800A JP 2014094800 A JP2014094800 A JP 2014094800A JP 6334247 B2 JP6334247 B2 JP 6334247B2
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- filler
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C71/00—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/582—Recycling of unreacted starting or intermediate materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
Description
X2=W×10−4/(D×Z×R×T)
X=RY
式中、 D:生産計画で定められた製品の見かけ比重
R:生産計画で定められた縦横比(縦方向と横方向の延伸倍率の比)
W:縦延伸をかける前のシートの1平方メートルあたりの重量(g)
X:縦方向の延伸倍率
Y:横方向の延伸倍率
Z:縦延伸によるシートの横方向の長さの収縮倍率もしくは伸長倍率
Tダイを備え付けた二軸混練押出成形機(日立造船製)を用いて、高密度ポリエチレン樹脂(PE)と炭酸カルシウム粉末とを、質量比20:80となるように調節し、さらにマグネシウムステアレートを両原料に対し1質量%となるように配合して、混練後直接押出成形して炭酸カルシウムを80%充填するシートを作成し、このシート(厚さ約200μ)を6ヶ月以上常温で保管し、フィラー含有廃プラスチックのモデルとして使用した。
成形シートの製造時に、ダイ出口からシートを引取ロール(90℃)に引き取り後、直ちに巻取ロール(30℃)に巻き取り、その際の引取ロール及び巻取ロールの回転速度をそれぞれ0.60m/minに設定した以外は、実施例1と同様にして再生フィラー含有プラスチックシートを作成した。得られた再生フィラー含有プラスチックシートの平均厚さは。0.20mmだった。
実施例1で使用した小型二軸混練押出成形機を用いて、高密度ポリエチレン樹脂ペレットと炭酸カルシウム粉末とを、質量比20:80となるように調節し、さらに、マグネシウムステアレートを両原料に対し3質量%となるように配合して、設定温度220℃で混練し、そのまま押出成形を行った。ダイス出口から出た成形シートに対し、実施例1で使用した曲げ処理設備で、引取ロールの回転速度0.63m/min、巻取ロールの回転速度1.47m/minの条件で曲げ処理を実施し、曲げ処理済みのシートを得た。得られたシートの平均厚さは、0.20mmであった。
ダイス出口から成形シートを引取ロール(90℃)に引き取り後、直ちに巻取ロール(30℃)に巻き取る際の引取ロール及び巻取ロールの回転速度をいずれも0.66m/minに設定し、曲げ処理を行わない以外は、比較例3と同様にしてシートを得た。得られたシートの平均厚さは、0.20mmであった。
上で得たプラスチックシートから、機械方向(MD)と垂直方向(TD)とに、幅15mmの短冊状の試験片を切り出し、1000Nのロードセルを取り付けた引張試験機((株)A&D製)を用い、25℃において、引張速度500mm/分、チャック間距離100mmの条件で引張試験を行い、フィルム破断時における強度及び伸張率を測定した。その結果を、それぞれ引張強度及び伸長率として表1に示す。
新たに炭酸カルシウム粉末を補充することなく、実施例1で調製したフィラー含有廃プラスチックのモデルの細片(リサイクル品)とヴァージンのポリエチレン樹脂ペレットとを、高密度ポリエチレン樹脂(PE)の合計量が40%、30%、20%となるように混合して、それぞれ実施例2〜4の原料プラスチックとした。つづいて、実施例1と同様の設備を用い、混練設定温度、引取ロール及び巻取ロールの回転速度のほかは同様に設定して、実施例2〜4の成形シートを調製した。各実施例の混練設定温度及びロールの回転速度を、表2に示す。
新たに炭酸カルシウム粉末を補充することなく、実施例1で調製したフィラー含有廃プラスチックのモデルの細片とヴァージンの高密度ポリエチレン樹脂ペレットとを、ポリエチレン樹脂(PE)の合計量が40%、30%、20%となるように混合して、それぞれ比較例4〜6の原料プラスチックとした。つづいて、比較例1と同様の設備を用い、混練設定温度、引取ロール及び巻取ロールの回転速度のほかは同様に設定して、比較例4〜6の成形シートを調製した。各比較例の混練設定温度及びロールの回転速度を、表2に示す。
ヴァージンの高密度ポリエチレン樹脂(PE)ペレットと炭酸カルシウム粉末の質量比を40:60、30:70、20:80に変えて、混練設定温度220℃、引取速度及び巻取速度を0.80m/minに設定したほかは比較例3と同様にして比較例7〜9の成形シートを調製した。各比較例の混練設定温度及びロールの回転速度を、表2に示す
上で得たプラスチックシートから、機械方向(MD)に、幅15mmの短冊状の試験片を切り出し、先と同様の条件で引張試験を行い、フィルム破断時における強度を測定した結果を、表3に示す。
11 成形シート
12 固形物体
Claims (6)
- 1)フィラー含有廃プラスチックを含む原料プラスチックを使用し、混練及び押出によってシート状に成形する、成形シートの成形工程、
2)前記成形シートを流れ方向に移動させる途中で、前記成形シートの表面に固体物体を押し付け、その当接部分において折り曲げた状態にすることにより、前記成形シートの内部に作用する応力を発生させて成形シートを処理する曲げ処理工程、および
3)巻取り工程、
を連続的にこの順で有する、再生フィラー含有プラスチックシートの製造方法。 - 前記曲げ処理工程において、流れ方向に引張られて内部に引張応力が与えられた状態にある前記成形シートの表面に、前記固体物体が押し付けられることにより、前記成形シートの内部に、厚さ方向の垂直応力が与えられるとともに、剪断応力が発生させられる、請求項1に記載の再生フィラー含有プラスチックシートの製造方法。
- 前記固体物体の当接部分が、前記流れ方向に対し平行断面視して、角度6度以上120度以下の角部を有する、請求項1又は2に記載の再生フィラー含有プラスチックシートの製造方法。
- 前記固体物体の当接部分が、前記流れ方向に対し平行断面視して、曲率半径50mm以下のR部を有する、請求項1又は2に記載の再生フィラー含有プラスチックシートの製造方法。
- 前記曲げ処理工程を経た前記成形シートを、その流れ方向もしくは/及び垂直方向に延伸する延伸工程を有する、請求項1〜4いずれか1項に記載の再生フィラー含有プラスチックシートの製造方法。
- 前記成形工程において、前記フィラー含有廃プラスチックを含有するペレットとともに、ヴァージン樹脂又はフィラーを添加して成形する、請求項1〜5いずれか1項に記載の再生フィラー含有プラスチックシートの製造方法。
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