JP6290384B2 - 平板熱交換器を生産する方法及び平板熱交換器 - Google Patents
平板熱交換器を生産する方法及び平板熱交換器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6290384B2 JP6290384B2 JP2016517375A JP2016517375A JP6290384B2 JP 6290384 B2 JP6290384 B2 JP 6290384B2 JP 2016517375 A JP2016517375 A JP 2016517375A JP 2016517375 A JP2016517375 A JP 2016517375A JP 6290384 B2 JP6290384 B2 JP 6290384B2
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- Prior art keywords
- flat plate
- melting point
- silicon
- phosphorus
- point lowering
- Prior art date
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 149
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 149
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 120
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 108
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 94
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 89
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 84
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 81
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 80
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 phosphorus compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 33
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- VAKIVKMUBMZANL-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron phosphide Chemical compound P.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] VAKIVKMUBMZANL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000550 scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
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- FBMUYWXYWIZLNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel phosphide Chemical compound [Ni]=P#[Ni] FBMUYWXYWIZLNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001113 SAE steel grade Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002706 dry binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylidynenickel Chemical compound [P].[Ni] OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K1/0012—Brazing heat exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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- B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
- B23K1/203—Fluxing, i.e. applying flux onto surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/02—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of a press ; Diffusion bonding
- B23K20/023—Thermo-compression bonding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/001—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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- B23K35/004—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces at least one of the workpieces being of a metal of the iron group
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0244—Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
- B23K35/025—Pastes, creams, slurries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
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- B23K35/3612—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with organic compounds as principal constituents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/365—Selection of non-metallic compositions of coating materials either alone or conjoint with selection of soldering or welding materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/26—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass heat exchangers or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/058—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium without Mo and W
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
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- C22C19/07—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
- F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/082—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from steel or ferrous alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/087—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from nickel or nickel alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/02—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers
- B21D53/04—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers of sheet metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/14—Heat exchangers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
- F28F2275/04—Fastening; Joining by brazing
- F28F2275/045—Fastening; Joining by brazing with particular processing steps, e.g. by allowing displacement of parts during brazing or by using a reservoir for storing brazing material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
- F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
- F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
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- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
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Description
i)>50重量%Fe、<13重量%Cr、<1重量%Ni、及び<3重量%Mn;
ii)>90重量%Fe;
iii)>65重量%Fe及び>13重量%Cr;
iv)>50重量%Fe、>15.5重量%Cr、>6重量%Ni;
v)>50重量%Fe、>15.5重量%Cr、1〜10重量%Mo及び>8重量%Ni
vi)>97重量%Ni;
vii)>10重量%Cr、>60重量%Ni;
viii)>15重量%Cr、>10重量%Mo、及び>50重量%Ni;
ix)>70重量%Co;
x)>80重量%Cu;及び
xi)>10重量%Fe、0.1〜30重量%Mo、0.1〜30重量%Ni、及び>50重量%Co、
のいずれかを備えることができる。
i)>50重量%Fe、<13重量%Cr、<1重量%Ni、及び<3重量%Mn;
ii)>90重量%Fe;
iii)>65重量%Fe及び>13重量%Cr;
iv)>50重量%Fe、>15.5重量%Cr、>6重量%Ni;
v)>50重量%Fe、>15.5重量%Cr、1〜10重量%Mo及び>8重量%Ni
vi)>97重量%Ni;
vii)>10重量%Cr、>60重量%Ni;
viii)>15重量%Cr、>10重量%Mo、及び>50重量%Ni;
ix)>70重量%Co;
x)>80重量%Cu;及び
xi)>10重量%Fe、0.1〜30重量%Mo、0.1〜30重量%Ni、及び>50重量%Co、
のいずれかを備えることができる。
2 金属熱交換平板
3 平板パッケージ
4 第1の平板空間
5 第2の平板空間
10 熱伝導領域
11 端部領域
15 曲げ端部
16 第1の表面
17 第2の表面
18 ***部
19 窪み部
20 融点降下組成物
21 第1の平板
22 第2の平板
23 接触点
24 第1の平面の表面層
25 溶融金属層
26 接合部
A1、A2 面積
A3 断面積
Claims (19)
- 取り外し不能に接合された平板熱交換器(1)を生産する方法であって、
該平板熱交換器は、1000℃を超える固相線温度を有する、互いに隣り合って設けられた、第1の媒体のための第1の平板空間(4)及び第2の媒体のための第2の平板空間(5)を有する平板パッケージ(3)を形成する複数の金属熱交換平板(2)を備える、方法において、
前記第1及び第2の平板空間(4、5)が前記平板パッケージ(3)中に交互に設けられており、
前記熱交換平板(2)それぞれは、熱伝導領域(10)と、前記熱伝導領域(10)の周りに延びる曲げ端部(15)を備える端部領域(11)と、を備え、
前記平板(2)の第1の表面(16)が凸形状を形成し、前記平板の第2の表面(17)が凹形状を形成し、
前記熱伝導領域(10)は、***部(18)と、窪み部(19)と、からなる波型部を備え、
前記平板の前記波型部と、前記曲げ端部(15)と、は前記平板(2)をプレス加工することによって提供され、
前記方法は、
第1の平板(21)の前記第1の凸面(16)の少なくとも一部上に、融点降下組成物(20)を適用するステップ(201)であって、前記融点降下組成物(20)は、
・前記第1の平板(21)の溶融温度を低下させるための少なくとも25重量%のリン及び珪素を備える融点降下組成物、及び
・任意に、前記第1の凸面(16)上へ前記融点降下組成物(20)を適用するステップ(201)を容易化するためのバインダ成分
を備える、ステップと、
前記平板(21、22)を積み重ねて平板パッケージ(3)とすることによって、第2の平板(22)の第2の凹面(17)を、前記第1の平板(21)の前記第1の凸面(16)上の融点降下組成物(20)に接触させるステップ(202)と、
前記第1及び第2の平板(21、22)を、1000℃を超える温度に加熱するステップ(203)であって、それによって前記第1の平板(21)の前記第1の凸面(16)を、前記第1の平板(21)の表面層(24)が溶融し、前記融点降下組成物(20)とともに、前記第1の平板(21)と、前記第2の平板(22)と、の間の接触点(23)で前記第2の平板と接触する溶融金属層(25)を形成するように溶融させる、ステップと、
を備え、
前記方法が、
前記溶融金属層(25)を凝固させ、かつ前記平板パッケージ(3)中の前記平板(2)間の前記接触点(23)で、前記曲げ端部(15)が、前記平板パッケージ(3)中の前記平板(2)の前記曲げ端部(15)間に緊密な適合度を形成するように、接合部(26)を形成する、ステップであって、前記接合部(26)は少なくとも90重量%の、前記加熱するステップ(203)前には前記第1の平板(21)及び前記第2の平板(22)のいずれかの部分であった金属を備える、ステップと、
を備えることを特徴とする方法。 - 前記リンは、以下の化合物:MnxPy、FexPy、及びNixPyの少なくともいずれかから選択されたリン化合物に由来することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記珪素は、元素珪素と、以下の化合物:炭化ケイ素、シリコンボライド、フェロシリコンのいずれかから選択された珪素化合物の珪素と、のいずれかに由来することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記融点降下組成物は、少なくとも35重量%、又は少なくとも55重量%のリン及び珪素を備えることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- リンは、前記融点降下組成物のリン及び珪素の少なくとも10重量%を構成することを特徴とすることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- リンは、前記融点降下組成物のリン及び珪素の少なくとも55重量%を構成することを特徴とすることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の平板は0.3〜0.6mmの厚みを有し、前記融点降下組成物(20)を適用するステップ(201)は、前記第1の平板(21)の前記第1の凸面(16)上にmm2当たり平均0.02〜1.00mgのリン及び珪素を適用するステップを備えることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の平板は0.6〜1.0mmの厚みを有し、前記融点降下組成物(20)を適用するステップ(201)は、前記第1の平板(21)の前記第1の凸面(16)上にmm2当たり平均0.02〜2.0mgのリン及び珪素を適用するステップを備えることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記融点降下組成物(20)を適用するステップ(201)は、
‐前記融点降下組成物が前記第1の平板(21)の前記第1の凸面(16)に結合するまで、前記平板(2)を加熱するステップ(203)と、
‐前記融点降下組成物(20)中のすべてのリン及び珪素が、前記第1の平板(21)の金属と化合物を形成してしまう前に、前記平板(2)の温度を低下させるステップと、
を備えることを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記融点降下組成物(20)を適用するステップ(201)は、前記平板をプレス加工する前に行われることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記融点降下組成物(20)を適用するステップ(201)は、前記平板をプレス加工した後に行われることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記融点降下組成物(20)を適用するステップ(201)は、前記平板を積み重ねて前記平板パッケージ(3)とした後に、前記融点降下組成物を含有する懸濁液を、平板パッケージを通じて流すことによって行われることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記融点降下組成物(20)を適用するステップ(201)は、スクリーン印刷によって行われることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記融点降下組成物(20)を適用するステップ(201)は、平板(2)に切断されるコイル上にスパッタされることによって行われることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の表面(16)は、前記表面(16)上の前記接触点(23)によって規定された面積(A2)よりも大きな面積(A1)を有し、それによって溶融金属層(25)の金属が、前記接合部(26)を形成可能であるときに、前記接触点(23)へ流れることを特徴とする請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記凸面(16)の面積(A1)は、前記接触点(23)によって規定された面積(A2)より少なくとも3倍大きいことを特徴とする請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記表面(16)の面積(A1)は、前記接合部(26)の断面積(A3)より少なくとも10倍大きいことを特徴とする請求項15又は16に記載の方法。
- 前記平板(2)は、
・>50wt%Fe、<13wt%Cr、<1wt%Mo、<1wt%Ni、及び<3wt%Mn
・>90wt%Fe
・>65wt%Fe及び>13wt%Cr
・>50wt%Fe及び>15.5wt%Cr、及び>6wt%Ni
・>50wt%Fe及び>15.5wt%Cr、1〜10wt%Mo及び>8wt%Ni
・>97wt%Ni
・>10wt%Cr及び>60wt%Ni
・>15wt%Cr、>10wt%Mo及び>50wt%Ni
・>70wt%Co
・>80wt%Cu、及び
・>10wt%Fe、0.1〜30wt%Mo、0.1〜30wt%Ni、及び>50wt%Co
のうちの1つを備えることを特徴とする請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって製造される、1000℃を超える固相線温度を有し、互いに隣り合って設けられた、第1の媒体のための第1の平板空間(4)及び第2の媒体のための第2の平板空間(5)を有する平板パッケージ(3)を形成する複数の金属熱交換平板(2)を備える、取り外し不能に接合された平板熱交換器(1)であって、
前記第1及び第2の平板空間(4、5)が前記平板パッケージ(3)中に交互に設けられており、
前記熱交換平板(2)それぞれは、熱伝導領域(10)と、前記熱伝導領域(10)の周りに延びる曲げ端部(15)を備える端部領域(11)と、を備え、
前記平板(2)の第1の表面(16)が凸形状を形成し、前記平板の第2の表面(17)が、凹形状を形成し、
前記熱伝導領域(10)は、***部(18)と、窪み部(19)と、からなる波型部を備え、
前記平板の前記波型部と、前記曲げ端部(15)と、は前記平板(2)をプレス加工することによって提供され、
前記平板熱交換器は、前記接合部(26)を取り囲む領域(A1)から引き込まれた前記第1の平板(1)及び前記第2の平板(2)の一部であった少なくとも90重量%の金属元素を備える接合部(26)によって、第2の平板(22)と接合された第1の平板(21)を備えることを特徴とする取り外し不能に接合された平板熱交換器(1)。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP13186257.5A EP2853333B1 (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2013-09-26 | Method of joining metal parts using a melting depressant layer |
EP13186257.5 | 2013-09-26 | ||
EP13186388.8A EP2853334B1 (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2013-09-27 | Method of joining a plate heat exchanger using a melting depressant layer ; corresponding heat exchanger |
EP13186388.8 | 2013-09-27 | ||
PCT/EP2014/069239 WO2015043944A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2014-09-10 | Plate heat exchanger |
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PT2853333T (pt) * | 2013-09-26 | 2019-12-02 | Alfa Laval Corp Ab | Método de junção de partes de metal utilizando uma camada inibidora de fusão |
KR101780108B1 (ko) * | 2015-06-22 | 2017-09-19 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | 천이 액상 확산 접합을 위한 열 교환기용 플레이트 |
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