JP6187599B2 - 燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP6187599B2 JP6187599B2 JP2015547679A JP2015547679A JP6187599B2 JP 6187599 B2 JP6187599 B2 JP 6187599B2 JP 2015547679 A JP2015547679 A JP 2015547679A JP 2015547679 A JP2015547679 A JP 2015547679A JP 6187599 B2 JP6187599 B2 JP 6187599B2
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 213
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 247
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 154
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 103
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 103
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 100
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 77
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 76
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 26
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 24
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 230000037351 starvation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04395—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04104—Regulation of differential pressures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04228—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04231—Purging of the reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04619—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04783—Pressure differences, e.g. between anode and cathode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
カソード電極 : 4H+ +4e- +O2 →2H2O …(2)
この(1)(2)の電極反応によって燃料電池は1ボルト程度の起電力を生じる。
Claims (7)
- 燃料電池による発電を一時的に停止することが可能なアイドルストップ機能を有する燃料電池システムであって、
前記燃料電池の負荷に基づいて、前記燃料電池に供給するカソードガスの圧力を制御するカソード圧力制御部と、
カソードガスの圧力との差圧が所定差圧以下となるように、前記燃料電池に供給するアノードガスの圧力をカソードガスの圧力以上に制御するアノード圧力制御部と、
を備え、
前記アノード圧力制御部は、
アイドルストップからの復帰時は、前記燃料電池に供給するアノードガスの圧力を、大気圧相当の所定圧に前記所定差圧を加算した復帰時圧力に制御するとともに、
カソードガスの圧力が所定の解除圧力まで上昇したときは、前記復帰時圧力に制御していたアノードガスの圧力を、前記燃料電池内に残存する不純物をその燃料電池内から排出してアノードガスで置換することができる所定の置換圧力まで昇圧する、
燃料電池システム。 - 前記燃料電池から排出された前記不純物を含むアノードオフガスを蓄えるバッファ部と、
前記バッファ部に蓄えたアノードオフガスを前記燃料電池システムの外部にパージするためのパージ弁と、
アイドルストップから復帰した後に前記パージ弁を開いてパージを実施するパージ制御部と、
を備え、
前記アノード圧力制御部は、
アノードガスの圧力を前記置換圧力まで昇圧した後は、前記パージの実施と共にアノードガスの圧力を脈動させることで、前記燃料電池内から排出されてバッファ部に流入した不純物を前記燃料電池システムの外部にパージする、
請求項1に記載の燃料電池システム。 - 前記アノード圧力制御部は、
アノードガスの圧力を前記復帰時圧力に制御している場合に、前記パージの実施によって前記燃料電池内に残存する不純物をその燃料電池内から排出できたときも、前記パージの実施と共にアノードガスの圧力を脈動させることで、前記燃料電池内から排出されてバッファ部に流入した不純物を前記燃料電池システムの外部にパージする、
請求項2に記載の燃料電池システム。 - 前記アノード圧力制御部は、
前記燃料電池システムの起動時には、カソードガスの圧力との差圧が所定差圧よりも大きくなることを許容し、前記燃料電池に供給するアノードガスの圧力を前記置換圧力以上まで昇圧する、
請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1つに記載の燃料電池システム。 - 前記解除圧力は、前記置換圧力から前記所定差圧を減算した圧力である、
請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか1つに記載の燃料電池システム。 - 前記所定差圧は、
前記燃料電池の電解質膜の耐久性を確保するために許容することのできる燃料電池内のアノード側とカソード側との差圧の最大値である、
請求項1から請求項5までのいずれか1つに記載の燃料電池システム。 - 燃料電池による発電を一時的に停止することが可能なアイドルストップ機能を有する燃料電池システムであって、
前記燃料電池の負荷に基づいて、前記燃料電池に供給するカソードガスの圧力を制御するカソード圧力制御部と、
カソードガスの圧力との差圧が所定差圧以下となるように、前記燃料電池に供給するアノードガスの圧力をカソードガスの圧力以上に制御するアノード圧力制御部と、
を備え、
前記アノード圧力制御部は、
アイドルストップからの復帰時は、前記燃料電池に供給するアノードガスの圧力を、大気圧相当の所定圧に前記所定差圧を加算した復帰時圧力以下に制御すると共に、アノードガスの圧力の減圧を禁止又は減圧幅を規制する、
燃料電池システム。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013236291 | 2013-11-14 | ||
JP2013236291 | 2013-11-14 | ||
PCT/JP2014/075490 WO2015072229A1 (ja) | 2013-11-14 | 2014-09-25 | 燃料電池システム |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JPWO2015072229A1 JPWO2015072229A1 (ja) | 2017-03-16 |
JP6187599B2 true JP6187599B2 (ja) | 2017-08-30 |
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JP2015547679A Expired - Fee Related JP6187599B2 (ja) | 2013-11-14 | 2014-09-25 | 燃料電池システム |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9806357B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3070773B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6187599B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105723552B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2930361C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2015072229A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11489181B2 (en) | 2018-11-15 | 2022-11-01 | Hyundai Motor Company | Pressure control system and control method of fuel cell stack |
Families Citing this family (8)
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CN106571479B (zh) * | 2015-10-08 | 2019-06-11 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | 一种燃料电池***及其停机控制方法 |
JP7468971B2 (ja) | 2016-12-21 | 2024-04-16 | ハイドロジェニクス コーポレイション | 密閉型陽極燃料電池の始動方法 |
CN108376790B (zh) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-08-06 | 安徽明天氢能科技股份有限公司 | 一种燃料电池***输出电压的控制方法 |
CN109980252A (zh) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-07-05 | 武汉海亿新能源科技有限公司 | 一种燃料电池氢气和空气供给控制方法、装置和*** |
US11938840B2 (en) * | 2019-10-04 | 2024-03-26 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Control method for fuel cell system, and fuel cell system |
JP6961736B2 (ja) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-11-05 | 三菱パワー株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及びその制御方法 |
IT202000005917A1 (it) | 2020-03-19 | 2021-09-19 | Metatron S P A | Sistema di cella a combustibile e regolatore elettronico di pressione di combustibile per tale sistema |
JP7331825B2 (ja) * | 2020-12-10 | 2023-08-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
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JP4873952B2 (ja) * | 2004-01-21 | 2012-02-08 | パナソニック株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP4940569B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-06 | 2012-05-30 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP5169056B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-31 | 2013-03-27 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及びその運転停止方法 |
JP4389996B2 (ja) | 2007-12-14 | 2009-12-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP2009158371A (ja) | 2007-12-27 | 2009-07-16 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP5347719B2 (ja) | 2009-05-28 | 2013-11-20 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池装置 |
JP5665628B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-31 | 2015-02-04 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システムの起動制御方法 |
JP5409705B2 (ja) * | 2011-05-25 | 2014-02-05 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システムおよびその制御方法 |
US9601790B2 (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2017-03-21 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system and control method of fuel cell system |
US20130209906A1 (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2013-08-15 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Reactant control method for a fuel cell system in idle-stop mode |
JP2012134166A (ja) | 2012-02-17 | 2012-07-12 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2013182688A (ja) * | 2012-02-29 | 2013-09-12 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
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2014
- 2014-09-25 JP JP2015547679A patent/JP6187599B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-09-25 US US15/035,580 patent/US9806357B2/en active Active
- 2014-09-25 WO PCT/JP2014/075490 patent/WO2015072229A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2014-09-25 EP EP14862528.8A patent/EP3070773B1/en active Active
- 2014-09-25 CA CA2930361A patent/CA2930361C/en active Active
- 2014-09-25 CN CN201480062229.6A patent/CN105723552B/zh active Active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US11489181B2 (en) | 2018-11-15 | 2022-11-01 | Hyundai Motor Company | Pressure control system and control method of fuel cell stack |
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JPWO2015072229A1 (ja) | 2017-03-16 |
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US20160276681A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 |
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