JP6091893B2 - 機能的に分化した体細胞の増強された自己再生を誘導するための方法 - Google Patents
機能的に分化した体細胞の増強された自己再生を誘導するための方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、細胞におけるMycファミリー遺伝子およびKlfファミリー遺伝子の発現を活性化する工程、または細胞をMycファミリータンパク質およびKlfファミリータンパク質と接触させる工程を含む、機能的に分化した体細胞の増強された自己再生を誘導するための方法に関する。
数年間におよび、再生医療の分野の技術は、幹細胞、特に多能性幹細胞(例えば胚幹細胞およびより最近では人工多能性幹細胞)に焦点が当てられている。なぜならこれらの細胞は、自己再生し、そして複数の特化した細胞型へと分化する能力を有するからである。再生医療の概念は、それ自体では再生できないターゲット組織および/またはターゲット臓器を修復および再生することを目標にして対象の細胞を移植することを含む。なぜなら、心臓組織および神経組織などの大半の組織または臓器は、機能的に分化した体細胞から実質的になり、そして単独では再生できないか、または少なくとも、その自己再生能が非常に低いために効率的に再生できないからである。
それ故、本発明の第1の局面は、細胞におけるMycファミリー遺伝子およびKlfファミリー遺伝子の発現を活性化する工程を含む、機能的に分化した体細胞の増強された自己再生を誘導するための方法に関する。
従って、本発明者らは、多能性(pluri-potent)または多能性(multi-potent)幹細胞中間体を通ることなく、そして悪性形質転換を伴うことなく、該細胞におけるc−MycおよびKlf4の発現を活性化することによって機能的に分化した体細胞の増強された自己再生を誘導することによって、大量に前記の機能的に分化した体細胞を得ることが可能であることを実証した。本発明者らは、実際に、前記の機能的に分化した体細胞が、長期培養液中で増殖し得るが、特にマウスへの移植後にもまた非腫瘍原性であることを示した。
(式中、
Aは、単結合または二重結合によって右に結合した酸素または硫黄であり;R2は、水素、アリール、低級脂肪族置換基、特にアルキルおよび低級アルキルエステルからなる群より選択され;R4〜R7は、独立して、アルコキシ、アミノ、アシル、脂肪族置換基、特にアルキル、アルケニルおよびアルキニル置換基、脂肪族アルコール、特にアルキルアルコール、脂肪族ニトリル、特にアルキルニトリル、シアノ、ニトロ、カルボキシル、ハロゲン、水素、ヒドロキシル、イミノ、およびα,β不飽和ケトンからなる群より選択され;R8〜R11は、独立して、脂肪族置換基、特にアルキル、アルケニルおよびアルキニル置換基、特に低級脂肪族置換基、脂肪族アルコール、特にアルキルアルコール、アルコキシ、アシル、シアノ、ニトロ、エポキシ、ハロアルキル基、ハロゲン、水素およびヒドロキシルからなる群より選択され;R12は、脂肪族基、特に低級アルキル基、脂肪族アルコール、特にアルキルアルコール、カルボン酸および水素からなる群より選択される)
を有する。
を有する、ケンパウロンすなわち9−ブロモ−7,12−ジヒドロ−インドロ[3,2−d][1]ベンザゼピン−6(5H)−オンである。
(式中、
R1は水素およびC1〜C6アルキルから選択され;R2はC1〜6アルキルおよびX1NR4R5から選択され;X1はC1〜4アルキレンであり;R4およびR5は、独立して、水素およびC1〜4アルキルから選択されるか;または、R4およびR5はそれら両方が結合している窒素と一緒に、そして場合によりO、SおよびN基から選択された別のヘテロ原子と一緒に、1〜2つのヘテロ原子を含む6員環のヘテロ環を形成するか;あるいは、R1およびR2は、それら両方が結合している窒素と一緒に、そして場合によりO、SおよびN基から選択された別のヘテロ原子と一緒に、1〜2つのヘテロ原子を含む6員環のヘテロ環を形成し;R1およびR2またはR4およびR5から形成された前記ヘテロ環は、場合により、C1〜4アルキルで置換されていてもよく;そしてR3は、水素、ハロ、C1〜4アルキル、ハロ置換C1〜4アルキル、C1〜4アルコキシ、およびハロ置換C1〜4アルコキシから選択される)
を有する、Wang et al. 2009および国際特許出願WO2010/056907に記載のような5−チオフェンピリミジンクラスに属する化学的化合物である。
を有する、2−クロロ−N−(2−モルホリノエチル)−4−(4−(チオフェン−2−イル)ピリミジン−2−イルアミノ)ベンズアミドである。
を有する6−(2−(4−(2,4−ジクロロフェニル)−5−(4−メチル−1H−イミダゾール−2−イル)ピリミジン−2−イルアミノ)エチルアミノ)ニコチノニトリル(CHIR99021)である。
を有する(S)−2−(9−(ビフェニル−4−イルメチル)−2−(2,3−ジヒドロ−1H−インデン−5−イルオキシ)−9H−プリン−6−イルアミノ)−3−フェニルプロパン−1−オール(QS11)である。
を有する5−エチル−7,8−ジメトキシ−1H−ピロロ[3,4−c]−イソキノリン−1,3−(2H)−ジオン(3F8)である。
以下に報告した結果は科学文献(Aziz et al. 2009)に提示され、これはその全体が参照により本明細書に組み入れられる。
マウス:MafBおよびc−Mafの欠損は誕生時または誕生後すぐに致命的であるので、本発明者らは、Aziz et al. 2006に記載のように年齢および性別の一致するLy5.1レシピエントを、wtまたはMaf−DKO E14.5Ly5.2胎児肝細胞を用いて再構成することによって、Maf−DKO造血系を有するマウスを作製した。
分化した細胞を、4つの転写因子であるOct−4、Sox−2、KLF4およびc−Mycによって幹細胞へと再プログラム化し、その後者の2つは、ES細胞自己再生におけるその役割に基づいて、増強された増殖能を付与すると提唱されている。KLF4およびc−Mycはまた、それぞれ単球の分化および増殖を媒介し得るので、本発明者らは、Maf−DKOマクロファージの実証された増強された増殖能におけるその役割を調査した(文書WO2008/084069参照)。本発明者らは、wt対照と比べて、Maf−DKOマクロファージは、KLF4およびc−Mycの両方の発現の強力なアップレギュレーションを示したが、多能性因子のSox2、Oct3/4またはnanogのアップレギュレーションは示さなかったことを観察した。KLF4およびc−Mycは、M−CSF枯渇細胞においてM−CSFによる刺激の2時間以内に高度に発現するようになり、そして、72時間の観察期間におよび有意により高い発現レベルを維持した。
材料および方法:
細胞および培地:正常な野生型C57/Bl6マウスからの骨髄を、IMDM、4%FBS、50ng/ml SCF、50ng/ml Flt3、10ng/ml IL6、10ng/ml IL7および140μのβ−メルカプトエタノール中で2日間かけて刺激し、そして、トランスフェクションしたpNXeパッケージング細胞株からの上清との共培養によって、空、c−Mycのみ、KLF4のみ、またはc−MycおよびKLF4の両方を発現するレトロウイルスを用いて感染させ、その後、IL−7を含むMethocult−3630(Stem Cell Technologies)中に125,000個の細胞/mlで播種した。分化から8日後に、半固体培地からの細胞を洗浄し、そしてIL−7を含むMethocult−3630中に100,000個の細胞/mlで再播種し、そして種々の細胞濃度で連続的に再播種して、出現するコロニーの計測を容易にした。いずれの場合にも、計測および再播種は、インキュベーションから8日後に実施した。
KLF−4およびc−Mycが、他の細胞型における自己再生も誘導し得るかどうかを調べるために、本発明者らは、wt B細胞においてKLF−4およびc−Mycをレトロウイルスにより発現させた。本発明者らは実際に、c−MycおよびKLF4が、少なくとも4回におよぶB細胞の連続的な再播種能を可能としたが、対照ウイルスで感染させた細胞は再播種できなかったことを観察できた。マクロファージと同じように、c−Mycのみの感染B細胞もまた最初はコロニーを生じたが、おそらくc−Mycにより誘導されるアポトーシスに因り、3回の後には再播種することができず、このことは再度、c−MycおよびKLF4の組合せ作用が、自己再生を可能とするのに必要とされることを示す。
材料および方法:
ROSA26−rtTAヘテロ接合性骨髄からのMACSで枯渇させた系統陰性細胞を、IMDM、4%FBS、50ng/ml SCF、50ng/ml Flt3、10ng/ml IL11、10ng/ml IL7および140μのβ−メルカプトエタノール中で24時間維持した。その後、細胞を、丸底96ウェルプレート中で50,000個の細胞の密度で接種した。それらを4μg/mlのポリブレンの存在下において24時間、MOI40で、Klf4またはc−Mycのいずれかを発現するドキシサイクリン誘導性ベクターを有する濃縮されたレンチウイルスを用いて感染させた。コロニーアッセイを、Methocult M3231(Stem cell technology)で2回、1μg/mlのドキシサイクリンおよび50ng/mlのrEPO(Sigma)の存在下において実施して、赤芽球を検出した。
KLF−4およびc−Mycがまた他の細胞型においても自己再生を誘導し得るかどうかを調べるために、本発明者らはまた、ROSA26遺伝子座にrTA−ノックインしたヘテロ接合性骨髄からの造血細胞を、誘導性Klf4およびc−Myc含有、Klf4またはc−Mycのいずれかを発現するドキシサイクリン誘導性ベクター、または対照ベクターを用いて感染させた。先行するデータもまた、c−MycおよびKLF4の組合せ発現がまた、赤血球細胞の増加した増殖を誘導し得ることを示す。
本出願全体を通じて、種々の参考文献は、本発明が属する技術分野の最新技術を記載する。これらの参考文献の開示は、本開示への参照により本明細書に組み入れられる。
Claims (7)
- Mycファミリー遺伝子及びKlfファミリー遺伝子をコードするウイルスベクターを使用することによってか、またはMycファミリー遺伝子をコードするウイルスベクター及びKlfファミリー遺伝子をコードするウイルスベクターを使用することによって、細胞におけるMycファミリー遺伝子およびKlfファミリー遺伝子の発現を活性化する工程を含む、Bリンパ球、赤芽球、又はマクロファージの増強された自己再生を誘導するためのin vitroにおける方法であって、Mycファミリー遺伝子がc−Mycであり、Klfファミリー遺伝子がKlf4である、方法。
- ウイルスベクターがレトロウイルスベクターである、請求項1記載のin vitroにおける方法。
- レトロウイルスベクターがレンチウイルスベクターである、請求項2記載のin vitroにおける方法。
- ウイルスベクターがアデノウイルスベクターである、請求項1記載のin vitroにおける方法。
- Bリンパ球、赤芽球、又はマクロファージの増強された自己再生を誘導するための方法において使用するための、c−Myc遺伝子およびKlf4遺伝子の組合せ。
- Bリンパ球、赤芽球、又はマクロファージの増強された自己再生を誘導するための方法において使用するための、c−Myc遺伝子およびKlf4遺伝子を含むキット。
- Bリンパ球、赤芽球、又はマクロファージの増強された自己再生を誘導するためのMycファミリー遺伝子およびKlfファミリー遺伝子のin vitroにおける使用であって、Mycファミリー遺伝子Mycファミリー遺伝子が、c−Mycであり、Klfファミリー遺伝子がKlf4である、使用。
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